CN106555683B - 一种沼气发动机点火控制方法 - Google Patents

一种沼气发动机点火控制方法 Download PDF

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CN106555683B
CN106555683B CN201611028057.8A CN201611028057A CN106555683B CN 106555683 B CN106555683 B CN 106555683B CN 201611028057 A CN201611028057 A CN 201611028057A CN 106555683 B CN106555683 B CN 106555683B
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陈庆协
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Longyan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/023—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D43/00—Conjoint electrical control of two or more functions, e.g. ignition, fuel-air mixture, recirculation, supercharging or exhaust-gas treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/045—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions combined with electronic control of other engine functions, e.g. fuel injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种沼气发动机点火控制方法，与现有技术相比，本发明在缓解能源、环境危机的双重压力下，可再生、低污染性的生物质能日益受到世界各国的关注，其中的沼气能，由于其分布广泛、建设成本低、综合效益显著、更是成为能源建设中优先发展重点，同时也为沼气发动机研究发展奠定良好的发展趋势，具有推广使用的价值。

Description

一种沼气发动机点火控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发动机控制方法，尤其涉及一种沼气发动机点火控制方法。
背景技术
在当前全球能源和环境严峻情况下，以高新技术将可再生的生物质能转化为洁净的高品质气体和液体燃料作为化石燃料的替代能源，并应用于电力、交通运输等方面，已经受世界各国的重视。沼气发动机在沼气发电技术领域中作为沼气能量转换的关键设备，国内对沼气发动机的研究始于上世纪八十年代初，先后有一些单位进行过沼气发动机的结构改装的研究工作，主要是针对沼气、柴油双燃料发动机的研究，技术上相对于国外还是有一定的差距，主要体现在沼气发动机存在的动力不足、燃气消耗高、排放性差和起动困难等运行可靠性问题，给用户带来不便，是制约和影响沼气发电产业发展进程的技术瓶颈。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种沼气发动机点火控制方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：
本发明包括以下步骤：
(1)燃气喷射控制：要准确给发动机提供沼气质量，采用速度一密度法来确定，数学关系如下：
上式中：mcyl每工作循环进入气缸的空气质量流量率；ηV为气缸的充气效率；Vcyl为气缸容积(m3)；n为发动机转速(r/min)；pm为进气管压力为(kPa)；Tm为进气管温度(K)；
(2)点火控制：点火提前角是决定发动机性能好坏的一个重要参数，为了在沼气发动机工作中准确提供点火时间，内燃机燃烧理论，结合相关理论，可求得点火提前角，其数学关系如下：
上式中：σ为点火提前角；a，b为待定系数，可通过标定的方式求得；D为气缸直径；ω为曲轴旋转角速度；φ为过量空气系数；z，ξ，γ是由燃料性质决定的；l，η分别为湍流积分尺度和柯尔莫戈洛夫(Kol-mogrov)尺度，对于沼气发动机燃烧过程，一般根据经验取值；p0，T0分别取300K和lbar,α和β为温度指数和压力指数；f是废气残余系数，f的取值范围0<f<0.3；Tu和p为未燃混合气的温度和压力；
(3)动力性能计算：评价发动机动力性能的指标一般为曲轴对外输出的有效功率或者有效力矩，发动机的有效力矩可表示为：
(4)燃气消耗计算：表征发动机燃气经济性能指标通常是有效燃气消耗率，可表示为：be＝1000B/Pe；
上式中，be为有效燃气消耗率；B为每小时耗气量；Pe为有效功率(kW)；通常在实际发动机工作过程中，B和Pe可实际测定。
本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明是一种沼气发动机点火控制方法，与现有技术相比，本发明在缓解能源、环境危机的双重压力下，可再生、低污染性的生物质能日益受到世界各国的关注，其中的沼气能，由于其分布广泛、建设成本低、综合效益显著、更是成为能源建设中优先发展重点，同时也为沼气发动机研究发展奠定良好的发展趋势，具有推广使用的价值。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步说明：
本发明包括以下步骤：
(1)燃气喷射控制：要准确给发动机提供沼气质量，采用速度一密度法来确定，数学关系如下：
上式中：mcyl每工作循环进入气缸的空气质量流量率；ηV为气缸的充气效率；Vcyl为气缸容积(m3)；n为发动机转速(r/min)；pm为进气管压力为(kPa)；Tm为进气管温度(K)；
(2)点火控制：点火提前角是决定发动机性能好坏的一个重要参数，为了在沼气发动机工作中准确提供点火时间，内燃机燃烧理论，结合相关理论，可求得点火提前角，其数学关系如下：
上式中：σ为点火提前角；a，b为待定系数，可通过标定的方式求得；D为气缸直径；ω为曲轴旋转角速度；φ为过量空气系数；z，ξ，γ是由燃料性质决定的；l，η分别为湍流积分尺度和柯尔莫戈洛夫(Kol-mogrov)尺度，对于沼气发动机燃烧过程，一般根据经验取值；p0，T0分别取300K和lbar,α和β为温度指数和压力指数；f是废气残余系数，f的取值范围0<f<0.3；Tu和p为未燃混合气的温度和压力；
(4)动力性能计算：评价发动机动力性能的指标一般为曲轴对外输出的有效功率或者有效力矩，发动机的有效力矩可表示为：
(4)燃气消耗计算：表征发动机燃气经济性能指标通常是有效燃气消耗率，可表示为：be＝1000B/Pe；
上式中，be为有效燃气消耗率；B为每小时耗气量；Pe为有效功率(kW)；通常在实际发动机工作过程中，B和Pe可实际测定。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (1)

1.一种沼气发动机点火控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)燃气喷射控制：要准确给发动机提供沼气质量，采用速度一密度法来确定，数学关系如下：
上式中：mcyl每工作循环进入气缸的空气质量流量率；ηV为气缸的充气效率；Vcyl为气缸容积(m3)；n为发动机转速(r/min)；pm为进气管压力为(kPa)；Tm为进气管温度(K)；
(2)点火控制：点火提前角是决定发动机性能好坏的一个重要参数，为了在沼气发动机工作中准确提供点火时间，内燃机燃烧理论，结合相关理论，可求得点火提前角，其数学关系如下：
上式中：σ为点火提前角；a，b为待定系数，可通过标定的方式求得；D为气缸直径；ω为曲轴旋转角速度；φ为过量空气系数；z，ξ，γ是由燃料性质决定的；l，η分别为湍流积分尺度和柯尔莫戈洛夫(Kol-mogrov)尺度，对于沼气发动机燃烧过程，一般根据经验取值；T0，p0分别取300K和lbar,α和β为温度指数和压力指数；f是废气残余系数，f的取值范围0<f<0.3；Tu和p为未燃混合气的温度和压力；
(3)动力性能计算：评价发动机动力性能的指标一般为曲轴对外输出的有效功率或者有效力矩，发动机的有效力矩可表示为：
(4)燃气消耗计算：表征发动机燃气经济性能指标通常是有效燃气消耗率，可表示为：be＝1000B/Pe；
上式中，be为有效燃气消耗率；B为每小时耗气量；Pe为有效功率(kW)；通常在实际发动机工作过程中，B和Pe可实际测定。
CN201611028057.8A 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 一种沼气发动机点火控制方法 Expired - Fee Related CN106555683B (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101213366A (zh) * 2005-05-05 2008-07-02 范应用物理研究院 用于内燃发动机的点火系统
CN102297031A (zh) * 2010-06-28 2011-12-28 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于测量发动机气流的系统和方法
CN102428260A (zh) * 2009-03-16 2012-04-25 标致·雪铁龙汽车公司 确定热力发动机点火提前量的方法
CN105628387A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-06-01 北京航天三发高科技有限公司 采用预测控制法调节试车台进气状态参数的调试方法
CN105756787A (zh) * 2016-03-28 2016-07-13 龙岩学院 一种沼气发动机控制系统

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CN101213366A (zh) * 2005-05-05 2008-07-02 范应用物理研究院 用于内燃发动机的点火系统
CN102428260A (zh) * 2009-03-16 2012-04-25 标致·雪铁龙汽车公司 确定热力发动机点火提前量的方法
CN102297031A (zh) * 2010-06-28 2011-12-28 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于测量发动机气流的系统和方法
CN105628387A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-06-01 北京航天三发高科技有限公司 采用预测控制法调节试车台进气状态参数的调试方法
CN105756787A (zh) * 2016-03-28 2016-07-13 龙岩学院 一种沼气发动机控制系统

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基于发动机模型的神经网络点火控制器;张晟恺;《湖北汽车工业学院学报》;20131231;全文
基于模型的LPG单一燃料发动机电控系统的研究;杨世春;《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库 (博士)工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20041215;全文

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