CN106555140B - A kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method - Google Patents
A kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106555140B CN106555140B CN201610991648.9A CN201610991648A CN106555140B CN 106555140 B CN106555140 B CN 106555140B CN 201610991648 A CN201610991648 A CN 201610991648A CN 106555140 B CN106555140 B CN 106555140B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method, belong to aluminum matrix composite field.The invention solves existing squeeze casting method be commonly present infiltration it is impermeable or have folder aluminium strip produce the problem of；Composite material consistency prepared by existing powder metallurgic method is not high；Traditional aluminum matrix composite has that plasticity is low, poor toughness.The method of the present invention：First, it will be cleaned after whisker or fiber pickling with pure distilled water to neutrality, then add silica gel solution；2nd, cold pressing obtains prefabricated section；3rd, sintered after spontaneously drying；4th, graphite jig is then placed in, then aluminium alloy block is placed on prefabricated section, vacuum pressure infiltration.Composite material strength prepared by the present invention and plasticity, toughness comprehensive performance are high, and technique is simple, easy to operate, short preparation period, and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum matrix composite field；More particularly to one kind net structure aluminium is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method
The method of based composites.
Background technology
Aluminum matrix composite is swollen with low-density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, good stability of the dimension, heat
The plurality of advantages such as swollen coefficient is low, have broad application prospects in Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics and automotive field.
In general, aluminum matrix composite is prepared using squeeze casting method and powder metallurgic method.
Squeeze casting method is commonly present because air discharge does not cause freely infiltration difficult in prefabricated section, and infiltration is impermeable or has folder aluminium strip
The problem of generation.
Composite material consistency prepared by powder metallurgic method is not high, it usually needs by hot extrusion or the secondary change of hot rolling
Shape.
Traditional aluminum matrix composite is often referred to enhancing and is mutually uniformly distributed in composite material in matrix, this composite material by
In the presence of enhancing phase, matrix is divided into many zonules, limits the performance of base plastic, thus the usual table of composite material
Reveal high specific stiffness, high specific strength, low plasticity and toughness.
The content of the invention
The present invention use the method for vacuum infiltration, and to solve, the infiltration that squeeze casting method is brought is difficult, it is impermeable to infiltrate or has folder
The problem of aluminium strip produces.Secondly the method that the present invention is pressurizeed at the same time using vacuum infiltration solves the composite wood that powder metallurgic method is brought
Expect the problem of consistency is not high.Distribution mode of the present invention by varying enhancing mutually in the base again, i.e., by net distribution generation
For being uniformly distributed, solve the problems, such as that traditional aluminum matrix composite plasticity is low, poor toughness.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention's prepares net structure aluminum matrix composite with vacuum pressure infiltration method
Method carries out in the steps below：
Step 1: will be cleaned after whisker or fiber pickling with pure distilled water to neutrality, silica gel solution is then added；
Step 2: being then introduced into cold pressing in aluminum alloy mould obtains prefabricated section；
Step 3: the prefabricated section that step 2 is obtained sinters after spontaneously drying；
Step 4: being then placed in graphite jig, it is placed on by aluminium alloy block on prefabricated section, vacuum pressure infiltration；I.e.
Obtain aluminum matrix composite.
Further limit：
The incorporation of step 1 whisker and fiber is 10% (volume)~30% (volume).
A diameter of (0.1~0.8) μm of whisker described in step 1, length are (20~50) μm；
10 μm~1000 μm of fibre diameter described in step 1, length are 1 millimeter~1 centimetre.
The mass percentage concentration of silica gel solution described in step 1 is 10%~50%, and every gram of whisker or fiber use (10~30)
ML silica gel solutions.
Step 1 carries out pickling with the HF that mass percent is 5%~20%.
Cold pressing pressure is (5~30) MPa in step 2, and the dwell time is (0.5~3) h, 0.5~3h of pressing time.Cold pressing
Purpose be to flow out unnecessary moisture and silicone fluid.
It is (24~72) hour that the time is spontaneously dried in step 3,
Sintering process is as follows in step 3：(100~200) DEG C sintering (5~24) is warming up to (1~5) DEG C/min speed
Hour, then (350~450) DEG C sintering (5~24) hour is warming up to (6~10) DEG C/min speed, then with (11~20) DEG C/
Min speed is warming up to (800~850) DEG C sintering (5~24) hour.
The process of vacuum pressure infiltration is as follows in step 4：It is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, first vacuumizes, is heated to aluminium alloy
800 DEG C~900 DEG C of fusion temperature, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure be 50MPa~100MPa, the infiltration time be 10min~
60min enables aluminum alloy to liquation and is fully infiltrated into prefabricated section, and after pressure is down to 20MPa~50MPa after infiltration, insulation is protected
Press 0.5h~2h.
Composite material strength prepared by the present invention and plasticity, toughness comprehensive performance are high, and technique is simple, easy to operate, system
The standby cycle is short, and reaction time shortens half, and cost is low, required to save 40% into instinct.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figures of net structure aluminum matrix composite prepared by one the method for embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Present embodiment prepares net structure aluminum matrix composite with vacuum pressure infiltration method
Method carries out in the steps below：
Step 1: according to the volume fraction 10% of design, weigh whisker, with mass percent be 10% HF pickling after use
Pure distilled water is cleaned to neutrality, and then the mass percent concentration of addition silica gel solution is 10%, every gram of whisker 10mL silicon
Sol solution；
0.5 μm of the diameter average out to of whisker described in step 1,50 μm of length average out to；
It is cold-pressed Step 2: being then placed in aluminum alloy mould, wherein, cold pressing pressure 5MPa, dwell time 2h, compacting
Time is 2h, obtains prefabricated section；
Step 3: when the prefabricated section natural drying 48 that step 2 is obtained is small, 150 DEG C of burnings are warming up to 5 DEG C/min speed
When knot 12 is small, then with 10 DEG C/min speed be warming up to 400 DEG C sintering 12 it is small when, be then warming up to 800 DEG C with 20 DEG C/min speed
Sinter 24 it is small when；
Step 4: being then placed in graphite jig, it is placed on by aluminium alloy block on prefabricated section, is put into vacuum hotpressing stove leaching
Ooze, first vacuumize, be heated to 850 DEG C of the fusion temperature of aluminium alloy, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure is 80MPa, infiltrate the time
For 30min (molten aluminium alloy is fully infiltrated into prefabricated section), after pressure is down to 30MPa after infiltration, heat-insulation pressure keeping 1h；
Obtain net structure aluminum matrix composite (referring to Fig. 1).
Net structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter prepared by present embodiment is as shown in table 1.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of 1 net structure aluminum matrix composite of table
The preparation method that aluminum matrix composite is uniformly distributed in table 1 is prepared by squeeze casting method.Net structure aluminum-base composite
Material is prepared by the method for embodiment one.As shown in Table 1, vacuum infiltration method described in present embodiment obtains
It is the intensity for being uniformly distributed composite material and plasticity that whisker reinforcement net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared than squeeze casting method, tough
Property has different degrees of raising.
The net structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter of different Whisker Contents is as shown in table 2.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of the different Whisker Content net structure aluminum matrix composites of table 2
As shown in Table 2, composite material strength prepared by the present invention and plasticity, toughness comprehensive performance are high.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment prepares net structure aluminum matrix composite with vacuum pressure infiltration method
Method carries out in the steps below：
Step 1: according to the volume fraction 10% of design, weigh fiber, with mass percent be 10% HF pickling after use
Pure distilled water is cleaned to neutrality, and then the mass percent concentration of addition silica gel solution is 10%, every gram of fiber 20mL silicon
Sol solution；
100 μm of the diameter average out to of fiber described in step 1,0.5 centimetre of length average out to.
It is cold-pressed Step 2: being then introduced into aluminum alloy mould, wherein, cold pressing pressure 20MPa, dwell time 2h, pressure
Time processed is 2h, obtains prefabricated section；
Step 3: when the prefabricated section natural drying 48 that step 2 is obtained is small, 150 DEG C of burnings are warming up to 2 DEG C/min speed
When knot 12 is small, then with 7 DEG C/min speed be warming up to 400 DEG C sintering 12 it is small when, 800 DEG C of burnings are then warming up to 12 DEG C/min speed
When knot 24 is small；
Step 4: being then placed in graphite jig, it is placed on by aluminium alloy block on prefabricated section, is put into vacuum hotpressing stove leaching
Ooze, first vacuumize, be heated to 850 DEG C of the fusion temperature of aluminium alloy, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure is 80MPa, infiltrate the time
For 30min so that molten aluminium alloy is fully infiltrated into prefabricated section, after pressure is down to 30MPa after infiltration, heat-insulation pressure keeping
1h；Obtain net structure aluminum matrix composite.
Net structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter prepared by present embodiment is as shown in table 3.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of 3 fiber reinforcement net structure aluminum matrix composite of table
The preparation method that aluminum matrix composite is uniformly distributed in table 1 is prepared by squeeze casting method.Net structure aluminum-base composite
Material is prepared by the method for embodiment two.As shown in Table 3, vacuum infiltration method described in present embodiment obtains
It is the intensity for being uniformly distributed composite material and plasticity that fiber reinforcement net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared than squeeze casting method, tough
Property has different degrees of raising.
The net structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter of different fiber contents is as shown in table 2.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of the different fiber content net structure aluminum matrix composites of table 4
As shown in Table 4, composite material strength prepared by the present invention and plasticity, toughness comprehensive performance are high.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method, it is characterised in that this method be by What following step carried out：Step 1: will be cleaned after whisker or fiber pickling with pure distilled water to neutrality, silica gel solution is then added；Step 2: being then introduced into cold pressing in aluminum alloy mould obtains prefabricated section；Step 3: the prefabricated section that step 2 is obtained sinters after spontaneously drying；Step 4: being then placed in graphite jig, then aluminium alloy block is placed on prefabricated section, vacuum pressure infiltration；Obtain Net structure aluminum matrix composite.
- 2. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its The volume incorporation for being characterized in that step 1 whisker and fiber is 10%~30%.
- 3. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that a diameter of 0.1m~0.8m of whisker described in step 1, length is 20m~50m.
- 4. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that fibre diameter 10m~1000m described in step 1, length is 1 millimeter~1 centimetre.
- 5. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its The mass percentage concentration for being characterized in that silica gel solution described in step 1 is 10%~50%, every gram of whisker or fiber with 10mL~ 30mL silica gel solutions.
- 6. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that step 1 carries out pickling with the HF that mass percent is 5%~20%.
- 7. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that in step 2 that cold pressing pressure is 5MPa~30MPa, the dwell time is 0.5h~3h, and the pressing time is 0.5h~3h.
- 8. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that it is 24h~72h that the time is spontaneously dried in step 3.
- 9. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that in step 3 that sintering process is as follows：With 1 DEG C/min~5 DEG C/min speed be warming up to 100 DEG C~200 DEG C sintering 5h~ 24h, then 350 DEG C~450 DEG C sintering 5h~24h are warming up to 6 DEG C/min~10 DEG C/min speed, then with 11 DEG C/min~20 DEG C/min speed be warming up to 800 DEG C~850 DEG C sintering 5h~24h.
- 10. a kind of method that net structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared with vacuum pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that the process of vacuum pressure infiltration in step 4 is as follows：It is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, first vacuumizes, is heated to aluminium alloy 800 DEG C~900 DEG C of fusion temperature, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure be 50MPa~100MPa, the infiltration time be 10min~ 60min enables aluminum alloy to liquation and is fully infiltrated into prefabricated section, and after pressure is down to 20MPa~50MPa after infiltration, insulation is protected Press 0.5h~2h.
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| CN102212763A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-10-12 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing ramie-form SiC ceramic/Al-based composite material |
| CN102212764A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-10-12 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing ramie-structured Al2O3 ceramic/Al-based composite material |
| CN105200351A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-30 | 无锡桥阳机械制造有限公司 | Pressure infiltration technology |
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| CN102212763A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-10-12 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing ramie-form SiC ceramic/Al-based composite material |
| CN102212764A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-10-12 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing ramie-structured Al2O3 ceramic/Al-based composite material |
| CN105200351A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-30 | 无锡桥阳机械制造有限公司 | Pressure infiltration technology |
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Effective date of registration: 20230404 Address after: 150027 Room 412, Unit 1, No. 14955, Zhongyuan Avenue, Building 9, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Plaza, Science and Technology Innovation City, Harbin Hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: Heilongjiang Industrial Technology Research Institute Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: Building 9, accelerator, 14955 Zhongyuan Avenue, Songbei District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee before: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY Research Institute OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE |