CN106555124A - Gao Ge, the stainless preparation method of high molybdenum-iron ferritic - Google Patents
Gao Ge, the stainless preparation method of high molybdenum-iron ferritic Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
- C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
The preparation method of ferritic stainless steel is disclosed, which comprises the following steps：A) in converter, just decarburization and alloying are carried out to molten iron, to obtain the first stainless steel molten steel；B) vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is carried out to the first stainless steel molten steel, to obtain the second stainless steel molten steel；And c) the second stainless steel molten steel is refined in ladle refining furnace (LF), so as to obtain the ferritic stainless steel.Methods described production efficiency is high, low cost, is adapted to industrialized production, and product quality is stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to stainless smelting technique, more particularly to the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel.
Background technology
Ferritic stainless steel refers to chromium content in 11%-30%, with body-centered cubic crystal structure, in a state of use with
Stainless steel based on ferritic structure.Ferritic stainless steel can be divided into low chromium (11%-15%), middle chromium (16%- by chromium content
20%) with three classes of Gao Ge (21%-30%).Ferritic stainless steel has good formability, corrosion resistance and to stress corrosion
It is insensitive, can use under high chloride ion and heavily stressed corrosive environment, be widely used in product, decoration, household electrical appliances and heat exchange
The fields such as device.
Super ferrite stainless steel is a class resource-conserving high performance material of the research and development seventies in last century, replaces titanium
The precious metal material such as material, super austenitic, copper alloy, is mainly used in marine environment.The stainless composition of steel of super ferrite is special
Point includes：Gao Ge (25%-30%), chromium are the corrosion proof essential elements for improving material；High molybdenum (1%-5%), molybdenum element is carried
The resistance to spot corrosion of high ferritic stainless steel and the ability of crevice corrosion；A small amount of nickel (1%-4%), nickel element can improve ferritic stainless steel
Welding performance, reduces brittle transition temperature；Low-carbon (LC), nitrogen (C+N≤0.040%), carbon, nitrogen reduce ferritic stainless steel intergranular
Corrosive nature, raises brittle transition temperature；Addition niobium or titanium stabilizedization element, eliminate carbon, the impact of nitrogen unit, improve material weldering
Connect performance.
General introduction
The application relates in one aspect to the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel, and which comprises the following steps：
A) in converter, just decarburization and alloying are carried out to molten iron, to obtain the first stainless steel molten steel；
B) vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is carried out to the first stainless steel molten steel, to obtain the second stainless steel molten steel；And
C) the second stainless steel molten steel is refined in ladle refining furnace (LF), so as to obtain the ferrite not
Rust steel.
Describe in detail
In the following description, comprehensively managed with providing to embodiment disclosed in each including some concrete details
Solution.However, those skilled in the relevant art are not, it will be recognized that adopt one or more of these concrete details, and adopt other
Embodiment is realized in the case of method, part, material etc. still.
Unless require otherwise in the application, in entire disclosure and appending claims, word " including ", " bag
Containing ", " containing " and " having " should be interpreted that open, to include formula meaning, i.e., " including but not limited to ".
" embodiment ", " embodiment ", " in another embodiment " mentioned throughout the specification or " at certain
In a little embodiments " mean an at least embodiment include it is related to described in the embodiment with specific reference to key element,
Structure or feature.Therefore, throughout the specification diverse location occur phrase " in one embodiment " or " in embodiment
In " or " in another embodiment " or " in certain embodiments " same embodiment need not be all referred to.Additionally, specifically will
Element, structure or feature can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.
Definition
Herein, " ferrite " means interstitial solid solution of the carbon dissolution in α-Fe, and which has body-centered cubic lattic, often
Represented with symbol F.
Herein, " ferritic stainless steel " means chromium content in 11%-30%, with body-centered cubic crystal structure,
Stainless steel under use state based on ferritic structure.
Herein, it is 1%-5% that " Gao Ge, high molybdenum ferritic stainless steel " means chromium content for 25%-30%, molybdenum content
Ferritic stainless steel.
Herein, " three deferrization water " means the molten iron of dephosphorization, desiliconization, desulfurization.
Herein, " top and bottom complex blowing " mean from Converter top blowing oxygen while identical or different gas is blown into by furnace bottom again
The converter steel making method for being blown.
Herein, " ferrochrome " means the ferroalloy being mainly made up of chromium and iron.
Herein, " high carbon ferro-chrome " means the ferrochrome that carbon containing is 4%-8%.
Herein, " low-carbon ferrochromium " means the ferrochrome that carbon containing is 0.15%-0.50%.
Herein, " electrolytic nickel " is meant using nickel made by electrolysis.
Herein, " molybdenum-iron " means the ferroalloy being mainly made up of molybdenum and iron.
Herein, " ferrosilicon " means the ferroalloy being mainly made up of iron and silicon.
Herein, " calcined magnesite ball " means the shield slag ingredient conditioning agent as splashing slag in converter.
Herein, " vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (vacuum oxygen decarburization, VOD) " means vacuum bar
Under Secondary Steelmaking Technology from part to molten steel oxygen decarburization.
Herein, " ladle refining furnace (ladle furnace, LF) " is meant for (such as electric arc furnaces, flat to first furnace
Stove, converter) institute's molten steel water is refined, and liquid steel temperature can be adjusted, technique buffering meets the metallurgical equipment of continuous casting, tandem rolling.
Herein, " ladle free space " means the vertical range on the molten steel top of the slag and ladle between.
Herein, " oxygen rifle height " means the vertical range between oxygen rifle oxygen outlet and molten steel face.
Herein, " microalloying " mean and a small amount of special alloying element added in steel, such as niobium, vanadium, titanium etc., to carry
High performance technology.
Specific embodiment
The application relates in one aspect to the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel, and which comprises the following steps：
A) in converter, just decarburization and alloying are carried out to molten iron, to obtain the first stainless steel molten steel；
B) vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is carried out to the first stainless steel molten steel, to obtain the second stainless steel molten steel；And
C) the second stainless steel molten steel is refined in ladle refining furnace (LF), so as to obtain the ferrite not
Rust steel.
In certain embodiments, the ferritic stainless steel that the preparation method of the ferritic stainless steel of the application is prepared
Cr 25.0%-30.0% are contained based on percentage by weight, Mo 3.0%-4.2%, C+N≤0.035%, Cu≤0.20%, with
And Pb+0.02Sn≤0.005%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the ferritic stainless steel that the preparation method of the ferritic stainless steel of the application is prepared
Cr 25%-30% are contained based on percentage by weight, Mo 3.0%-4.2%, S≤0.002%, C+N≤0.035%, Al≤
0.05%, Si 0.20%-0.50%, Mn≤0.40%, P≤0.020%, Ni≤3.5%, Pb+0.02Sn≤0.005%, Cu
≤ 0.20%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
Cr：Stainless corrosion resistance is had a major impact, with the increase of chromium content, corrosion resistance increases, but it is its plasticity, tough
Property and cold formability reduce.Therefore, Cr contents in the ferritic stainless steel of the application are controlled to into 25%-30%.
Mo：Enrichment of the chromium in passivating film is remarkably promoted, significantly strengthens corrosion resistance.Therefore, by the ferrite of the application not
In rust steel, Mo contents are controlled to 3.0%-4.2%.
S：Inevitably impurity element, affects corrosion resisting property, is controlled in low level as far as possible.Therefore, by the application
Ferritic stainless steel in S contents be controlled to less than 0.002%.
C、N：Toughness, modeling-crisp transition temperature to ferritic stainless steel, corrosion resistance have a negative impact, and control as far as possible
In low level.Therefore, C in the ferritic stainless steel of the application and N content sum are controlled to less than 0.035%.
Al：The appropriate aluminium of addition, increases deoxidation effect, but aluminium can improve brittle transition temperature.Therefore, by the iron of the application
In ferritic stainless steel, Al content is controlled to less than 0.05%.
Si、Mn：As deoxidier, but brittle transition temperature can be improved.Therefore, by Si in the ferritic stainless steel of the application
Content is designed as 0.20%-0.50%, and Mn contents are controlled to less than 0.40%.
P：Inevitably impurity element, is controlled as far as possible in low level.Therefore, by the ferritic stainless steel of the application
Middle P content is controlled to less than 0.020%.
Ni：Toughness is improved, brittle transition temperature is reduced, is improved corrosion resistance, but to stress corrosion-susceptible.Therefore, will
In the ferritic stainless steel of the application, Ni contents are controlled to less than 3.5%.
Pb、Sn、Cu：Hot-workability is had a negative impact, is controlled in low level as far as possible.Therefore, by the application's
In ferritic stainless steel, Cu contents are controlled to and meet Pb+0.02Sn≤0.005% less than 0.20%, Pb and Sn contents.
In certain embodiments, the illustrative examples that can be used in the converter of the application including but not limited to push up bottom turn
Stove, top and bottom combined blown converter, electric arc furnaces and argon oxygen refining (AOD) stove.
In certain embodiments, the illustrative examples that can be used in the top and bottom combined blown converter of the application include top gun oxygen supply
And/or bottom rifle oxygen supply.
In certain embodiments, the intensity that can be used in the top gun oxygen supply of the application is about 180Nm3/min·t-
200Nm3/min·t。
In certain embodiments, the intensity that can be used in the bottom rifle oxygen supply of the application is about 30Nm3/min·t-35Nm3/
min·t。
In certain embodiments, the illustrative examples that can be used in the molten iron of the application include but is not limited to dephosphorization
(0.010%-0.20%), desiliconization (≤0.10%), the molten iron of desulfurization (≤0.005%).
In certain embodiments, the exemplary hot metal composition that can be used in the application is：C 3.7%-4.3%, Si
0.01%-0.10%, Mn 0.01%-0.05%, P 0.010%-0.020%, S 0.005%-0.015%, balance of Fe and
Other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the exemplary hot metal composition that can be used in the application is：C 3.8%, Si 0.05%,
Mn 0.02%, P 0.010%, S 0.014%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the exemplary hot metal composition that can be used in the application is：C 3.9%, Si 0.02%,
Mn 0.04%, P 0.011%, S 0.010%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
Technical staff belonging to this area can calculate blowing oxygen quantity according to molten iron carbon and alloy carbon.Blowing oxygen quantity (m3)=
1.91*f* [iron water amount * molten iron carbon contents+alloy amount * alloy carbon content], f is correction factor, and mass unit is kg.
In certain embodiments, add alloy to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, the illustrative examples that can be used in the alloy of the application include but is not limited to high carbon chromium
Iron, molybdenum-iron and ferrosilicon.
In certain embodiments, add electrolytic nickel to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, add electrolytic nickel to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, alloy and electrolytic nickel are added to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, add high-chromium alloy to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, add ferro-molybdenum to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, add Antaciron to complete alloying in molten iron.
In certain embodiments, high carbon ferro-chrome, electrolytic nickel, ferrosilicon and molybdenum-iron are added to complete alloy in molten iron
Change.
In certain embodiments, according to component requirements, in three deferrization water add high carbon ferro-chrome, electrolytic nickel, ferrosilicon and
Molybdenum-iron, to complete alloying.
In certain embodiments, the duration of heat in the converter be about 60min-80min.In certain embodiments,
The duration of heat in converter is about 70min-75min.
In certain embodiments, when stainless carbon content reaches 0.9% to 1.2% in converter, oxygen blast, profit are stopped
Decarburization is stirred with argon bottom-blowing.
In certain embodiments, in order to prevent chromium from aoxidizing in a large number, decarburization adds ferrosilicon and auxiliary material after terminating to be carried out
Reduction and desulfurization.
The illustrative examples in order to prevent the auxiliary material of a large amount of oxidations of chromium that can be used in the application are included but is not limited to
Lime, fluorite, calcined magnesite ball.
In certain embodiments, about 1630 DEG C -1650 DEG C of temperature after the stove of the converter smelting that can be used in the application.
In certain embodiments, the tapping molten steel surface thickness of slag layer that can be used in the application is about 20mm-50mm.
In certain embodiments, the first stainless steel molten steel contains C 0.50%-0.80%, Si0.10%-0.20%, Mn
≤ 0.40%, S≤0.025%, Cr 25-30%, Mo 3.0%-4.2%, Ni≤3.5%, N≤0.025%, P≤
0.020%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the first stainless steel molten steel contains C 0.72%, Si 0.12%, Mn 0.08%, P
0.016%, S 0.016%, Cr 28.42%, Mo 3.86%, Ni 0.50%, N 0.0185%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the first stainless steel molten steel contains C 0.62%, Si 0.12%, Mn 0.09%, P
0.016%, S 0.018%, Cr 27.15%, Mo 3.81%, Ni 2.29%, N 0.0193%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, in top and bottom combined blown converter, decarburization is carried out, addition ferrosilicon, auxiliary material carry out deoxidation, take off
Sulphur.
In certain embodiments, the initial temperature that can be used in the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) of the application is about 1580
℃-1650℃。
In certain embodiments, the molten steel surface slag thickness that can be used in the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) of the application is about
20mm-50mm。
In certain embodiments, the ladle free space that can be used in the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) of the application is about
1250mm-1450mm。
In certain embodiments, can be used in the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) of the application illustrative examples include but
It is not limited to ladder oxygen blast.
The ladder oxygen blast technique used in the preparation method of the application, it is possible to increase decarbonization rate, reduction chromium oxidation.
In certain embodiments, the ladder oxygen blast that can be used in the application includes four-stage.
In certain embodiments, in the ladder oxygen blast of four-stage, first stage oxygen blast intensity is about 0.30Nm3/
min·t-0.33Nm3/ mint, to aoxidize the element silicon in steel, improves molten steel temperature.Oxygen-supplying amount=1.5*G* [Si], G
It is Metal Weight (kg).
In certain embodiments, in the ladder oxygen blast of four-stage, second stage oxygen blast intensity is about 0.40Nm3/
min·t-0.45Nm3/ mint, its molten steel carbon content are down to 0.20%-0.25%, so as to quick carbon drop, denitrogenation.
In certain embodiments, in the ladder oxygen blast of four-stage, phase III oxygen blast intensity is about 0.35Nm3/
min·t-0.38Nm3/ mint, its molten steel carbon content are down to 0.10%-0.15%.
In certain embodiments, in the ladder oxygen blast of four-stage, fourth stage oxygen blast intensity is about 0.30Nm3/
min·t-0.33Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon content are down to 0.03%-0.05%.
In certain embodiments, stop oxygen blast when molten steel carbon content≤0.05%, then carry out high vacuum boiling de-
Carbon, and argon bottom-blowing stirring.
In certain embodiments, the illustrative examples that can be used in the high vacuum of the application include but is not limited to vacuum pressure
Power≤50Pa.
In certain embodiments, add auxiliary material reduction slag charge after high vacuum boiling decarburization, and argon bottom-blowing stirring.
In certain embodiments, the exemplary reality of the auxiliary material added after the high vacuum boiling decarburization that can be used in the application
Example includes but is not limited to lime, fluorite, ferrosilicon.
In certain embodiments, aluminium, and argon bottom-blowing stirring are added after reducing slag charge.
In certain embodiments, add alloy after adding aluminium, to finely tune alloying component, and argon bottom-blowing stirring.
In certain embodiments, the illustrative examples of alloy added after adding aluminium include but is not limited to low-carbon ferrochromium,
Molybdenum-iron, electrolytic nickel.
In certain embodiments, the time that can be used in the argon bottom-blowing stirring of the application is at least about 5min.At certain
In a little embodiments, the time that can be used in the argon bottom-blowing stirring of the application is at least about 15min.In some embodiments
In, the time that can be used in the argon bottom-blowing stirring of the application is at least about 20min.
In certain embodiments, the argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity that can be used in the application is about 0.005Nm3/min·t
To 0.020Nm3/min·t.In certain embodiments, the argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity that can be used in the application is about
0.008Nm3/ mint to 0.015Nm3/min·t.In certain embodiments, can be used in the argon bottom-blowing stirring of the application
Intensity is about 0.010Nm3/ mint to 0.012Nm3/min·t。
In certain embodiments, the second stainless steel molten steel contains C≤0.010%, N≤0.020%, Mn≤0.20%, S
≤ 0.005%, P≤0.020%, Cr 25%-30%, Ni≤3.5%, Mo 3.0%-4.2%, 0.15%≤Si≤
0.35%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the second stainless steel molten steel contains C 0.008%, Si 0.29%, Mn 0.07%, P
0.016%, S 0.004%, Cr 28.55%, Mo 3.95%, Ni 0.50%, N 0.0143%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the second stainless steel molten steel contains C 0.009%, Si 0.21%, Mn 0.10%, P
0.017%, S 0.0023%, Cr 27.59%, Mo 3.64%, Ni 2.17%, N 0.0155%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the duration of heat in vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) vacuum refining furnace be about 60min-
90min.In certain embodiments, the duration of heat in vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) vacuum refining furnace be about 75min-
80min。
In certain embodiments, about 1600 DEG C -1650 DEG C of molten steel temperature after vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is processed.
Converter molten steel is smelted in vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) vacuum refining furnace, complete decarburization, denitrogenation, reduction,
Desulfurization, the content of C+N is controlled below 0.035%.
In certain embodiments, add aluminium to carry out depth deoxidation in molten steel in ladle refining furnace (LF).
In certain embodiments, the stirring intensity that can be used in the depth deoxidation of the application is about 0.001Nm3/min·
t-0.010Nm3/min·t.In certain embodiments, the stirring intensity that can be used in the depth deoxidation of the application is about
0.005Nm3/min·t-0.008Nm3/min·t。
In certain embodiments, the mixing time that can be used in the depth deoxidation of the application is about at least 5min.At certain
In a little embodiments, the mixing time that can be used in the depth deoxidation of the application is about at least 10min.In some embodiments
In, the mixing time that can be used in the depth deoxidation of the application is about 8min-15min.
In certain embodiments, add calcium to carry out desulfurization in molten steel in ladle refining furnace (LF).
In certain embodiments, the stirring intensity that can be used in the desulfurization of the application is about 0.001Nm3/min·t-
0.010Nm3/min·t.In certain embodiments, the stirring intensity that can be used in the desulfurization of the application is about 0.003Nm3/
min·t-0.005Nm3/min·t。
In certain embodiments, the mixing time that can be used in the desulfurization of the application is about at least 10min.In some realities
Apply in scheme, the mixing time that can be used in the desulfurization of the application is about at least 15min.In certain embodiments, Neng Gouyong
It is about 15min-20min in the mixing time of the desulfurization of the application.
In certain embodiments, the requirement according to steel grade, adds Ni or Ti in molten steel.
In certain embodiments, the mixing time in molten steel after addition Ni or Ti that can be used in the application is about extremely
Few 5min.In certain embodiments, the mixing time in molten steel after addition Ni or Ti that can be used in the application is about extremely
Few 10min.In certain embodiments, the mixing time in molten steel after addition Ni or Ti that can be used in the application is about
10min to 12min.
In certain embodiments, the stirring intensity in molten steel after addition Ni or Ti that can be used in the application is about
0.001Nm3/min·t-0.010Nm3/min·t.In certain embodiments, can be used in adding in molten steel for the application
Stirring intensity after Ni or Ti is about 0.003Nm3/min·t-0.005Nm3/min·t。
In certain embodiments, TiN etc. is removed after adding Nb or Ti in molten steel in ladle refining furnace (LF)
Field trash.
In certain embodiments, the ferritic stainless steel for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining contains Cr 25%-
30%, Mo 3%-4.2%, S≤0.002%, C+N≤0.035%, Al≤0.05%, Nb 0.20%-0.40%, Ti
0.12%-0.20%, Si 0.20%-0.50%, Mn≤0.40%, P≤0.020%, Ni≤3.5%, Pb+0.02Sn≤
0.005%, Cu≤0.20%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the ferritic stainless steel for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining contains C 0.010%,
Si 0.35%, Mn 0.08%, P 0.019%, S 0.012%, Cr 27.66%, Mo 3.75%, Ni 2.10%, N
0.0163%, Al 0.02%, Nb 0.35%, Ti 0.14%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the duration of heat in the ladle refining furnace (LF) be about 60min-80min.
In certain embodiments, total oxygen content in the ferritic stainless steel for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining
([O]Entirely) about≤30ppm.In certain embodiments, it is complete in the ferritic stainless steel for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining
Oxygen content ([O]Entirely) about≤20ppm.In certain embodiments, the ferrite stainless for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining
Entire oxygen content in the steel content ([O]Entirely) about≤10ppm.
In certain embodiments, non-metallic inclusion in the ferritic stainless steel for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining
About≤8 μm of size (being mingled with length).In certain embodiments, the ferrite for obtaining after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining
About≤5 μm of the size (being mingled with length) of stainless nonmetallic inclusionsin steel.In certain embodiments, ladle refining furnace
(LF) about≤3 μm of the size (being mingled with length) of non-metallic inclusion in the ferritic stainless steel obtained after refining.At some
In embodiment, in the ferritic stainless steel obtained after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining, the size of non-metallic inclusion (is mingled with
Length) about≤1 μm.
In certain embodiments, after ladle refining furnace (LF) refining, molten steel temperature is adjusted, to carry out follow-up pouring
Note.
In certain embodiments, the composition for pouring into sheet billet continuous casting is as follows：Cr 27.55%, Mo 3.68%, S
0.001%, C 0.011%, Ti 0.12%, Al 0.032%, Si 0.30%, Mn 0.10%, P 0.016%, Nb
0.26%, Ni 2.13%, Sn 0.003%, Pb 0.001%, Cu 0.01%, N 0.0172%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity.
In certain embodiments, the composition for pouring into sheet billet continuous casting is as follows：Cr 29.15%, Mo 3.82%, S
0.001%, C 0.012%, Ti 0.16%, Al 0.02%, Si 0.32%, Mn 0.10%, P 0.018%, Nb
0.38%, Ni 0.46%, Sn 0.004%, Pb 0.001%, Cu 0.05%, N 0.0175%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity.
Advantage and feature control composition of the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel disclosed in the present application using each smelting equipment
And smelting cycle, so as to reach efficient, quality stability.The oxygen blast in the top and bottom combined blown converter quickly removes molten iron and high carbon alloy
In carbon, using whole Argon reduce molten steel in nitrogen content.It is de- using vacuum oxygen in vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD)
Carbon, denitrogenation, obtain extremely low carbon nitrogen content.Deep deoxidation, desulfurization, removal of inclusions are carried out in ladle refining furnace (LF), and it is complete
Into microalloying and temperature control.The production efficiency of the preparation method is high, low cost, is adapted to industrialized production, and product
Steady quality.
Hereinafter, the application will be explained in detail to more fully understand each side of the application by following examples
Face and its advantage.It will be appreciated, however, that below example is nonrestrictive some realities for being simply used for illustrating the application
Apply scheme.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1. top and bottom combined blown converter carries out just decarburization and alloying
A) 47 tons of " three take off " molten iron are blended in top and bottom combined blown converter, hot metal composition (mass percent) is C 3.8%, Si
0.05%, Mn 0.02%, P 0.010%, S 0.014%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；Temperature is 1310
℃；
B) oxygen decarburization
Top gun oxygen supply intensity is 183Nm3/ mint, bottom rifle oxygen supply intensity 32Nm3/ mint, total oxygen-supplying amount is
8293Nm3.During oxygen decarburization, alloy and slag former (lime, fluorite, calcined magnesite ball) are added batch-wise, addition is respectively：
34.8 tons of high carbon ferro-chrome, 1.8 tons of electrolytic nickel, 5.3 tons of molybdenum-iron, 2.0 tons of ferrosilicon, 1.35 tons of calcined magnesite ball, 5.9 tons of lime, fluorite
0.3 ton；
C) tap
Tapping is front and tapping process is to ladle argon-blown gas shielded, prevents molten steel nitrogen pick-up, and before tapping, temperature is 1690 DEG C, tapping
Composition is as follows：C 0.62%, Si 0.12%, Mn 0.09%, P 0.016%, S 0.018%, Cr 27.15%, Mo
3.81%, Ni 2.29%, N 0.0193%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；After stove, temperature is 1650 DEG C, steel
Liquid weight is 77.4 tons；
2. the decarburization of vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) depth, denitrogenation
A) VOD initial temperatures are 1620 DEG C, and it is 40mm that molten steel surface slag is thick, and ladle free space is 1320mm, molten steel weight
Measure as 77.4 tons；
B) vacuum pressure reaches 17000Pa and starts oxygen blast, and first stage oxygen blast intensity is 0.32Nm3/ mint, aoxidizes steel
Element silicon in liquid, argon bottom-blowing intensity are 0.005Nm3/ mint, oxygen-supplying amount are 60Nm3；Second stage oxygen blast intensity is
0.43Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon content are down to 0.24%；Phase III oxygen blast intensity is 0.36Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon contain
Amount is down to 0.12%；Fourth stage oxygen blast intensity is 0.32Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon content are down to 0.04%；Always blowing oxygen quantity is
948Nm3；
C) stop oxygen blast, high vacuum strong mixing boiling decarburization 20min, vacuum pressure is 40Pa, argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity
For 0.014Nm3/min·t；
D) lime, fluorite, the reduction slag charge such as ferrosilicon are added after high vacuum boiling carbon, ferrosilicon addition is 720kg, lime adds
Dosage is 2540kg, and fluorite addition is 289kg, and argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity is 0.011Nm3/min·t；
E) after adding lime, fluorite, ferrosilicon 5min, add aluminium 375kg/t, argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity is 0.009Nm3/
Mint, stirs 5min；
F) add low-carbon ferrochromium 942kg, after stirring 6min, terminate application of vacuum, thermometric, sample analysis, molten steel temperature is
1645 DEG C, terminal composition is as follows：C 0.009%, Si 0.21%, Mn 0.10%, P 0.017%, S 0.0023%, Cr
27.59%, Mo 3.64%, Ni 2.17%, N 0.0155%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；
3. ladle refining furnace (LF) is processed
A) aluminium 50kg, niobium 415kg are added, stirring intensity is 0.007Nm3/ mint, stirs 10min, and molten steel temperature is
1605℃；
B) add titanium wire 480kg, stirring intensity is 0.004Nm3/ mint, stirs 10min；
C) sample analysis, LF terminal compositions are as follows：C 0.010%, Si 0.31%, Mn 0.10%, P 0.017%, S
0.001%, Ti 0.14%, Cr 27.53%, Mo 3.70%, Ni 2.16%, Nb 0.26%, N 0.0165%, Al
0.035%, Sn 0.003%, Pb 0.001%, Cu 0.01%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；
D) thermometric, molten steel temperature are 1546 DEG C, can meet pouring temperature；
Sheet billet continuous casting is poured into through the molten steel of above-mentioned PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, its composition is as follows：Cr 27.55%, Mo 3.68%,
S 0.001%, C 0.011%, Ti 0.12%, Al 0.032%, Si 0.30%, Mn 0.10%, P 0.016%, Nb
0.26%, Ni 2.13%, Sn 0.003%, Pb 0.001%, Cu 0.01%, N 0.0172%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity, wherein strand [O]EntirelyFor 28ppm, non-metallic inclusion size is 3 μm.
Embodiment 2
1. top and bottom combined blown converter carries out just decarburization and alloying
A) 48 tons of " three take off " molten iron are blended in top and bottom combined blown converter, hot metal composition (mass percent) is C 3.9%, Si
0.05%, Mn 0.02%, P 0.011%, S 0.015%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；Temperature is 1295
℃；
B) oxygen decarburization
Top gun oxygen supply intensity is 185Nm3/ mint, bottom rifle oxygen supply intensity is 33Nm3/ mint, total oxygen-supplying amount
7810Nm3.During oxygen decarburization, alloy and slag former (lime, fluorite, calcined magnesite ball) are added batch-wise, addition is respectively：
37.8 tons of high carbon ferro-chrome, 0.36 ton of electrolytic nickel, 5.24 tons of molybdenum-iron, 1.64 tons of ferrosilicon, 1.39 tons of calcined magnesite ball, 5.98 tons of lime,
0.5 ton of fluorite；
C) tap
Tapping is front and tapping process is to ladle argon-blown gas shielded, prevents molten steel nitrogen pick-up, 1675 DEG C of temperature before tapping from tapping into
Divide as follows：C 0.72%, Si 0.12%, Mn 0.08%, P 0.016%, S 0.016%, Cr 28.42%, Mo 3.86%,
Ni 0.50%, N 0.0185%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；After stove, temperature is 1633 DEG C, and molten steel weight is
75.4 tons；
2. the decarburization of vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) depth, denitrogenation
A) VOD initial temperatures are 1589 DEG C, and it is 30mm that molten steel surface slag is thick, and ladle free space is 1430mm, molten steel weight
Measure as 75.4 tons；
B) vacuum pressure reaches 15000Pa and starts oxygen blast, and first stage oxygen blast intensity is 0.30Nm3/ mint, aoxidizes steel
Element silicon in liquid, argon bottom-blowing intensity are 0.005Nm3/ mint, oxygen-supplying amount are 56Nm3；Second stage oxygen blast intensity is
0.42Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon content are down to 0.23%；Phase III oxygen blast intensity is 0.37Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon contain
Amount is down to 0.11%；Fourth stage oxygen blast intensity is 0.31Nm3/ mint, molten steel carbon content are down to 0.03%.Total blowing oxygen quantity
1084Nm3；
C) stop oxygen blast, high vacuum strong mixing boiling decarburization 25min, vacuum pressure is 50Pa, argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity
For 0.015Nm3/min·t；
D) lime, fluorite, the reduction slag charge such as ferrosilicon are added after high vacuum boiling carbon, ferrosilicon addition is 690kg, lime adds
Dosage is 2340kg, and fluorite addition is 265kg, and argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity is 0.012Nm3/min·t；
E) after adding lime, fluorite, ferrosilicon 5min, add aluminium 420kg/t, argon bottom-blowing stirring intensity is 0.010Nm3/
Mint, stirs 5min；
F) add low-carbon ferrochromium 1025kg, after stirring 10min, terminate application of vacuum, thermometric, sample analysis, molten steel temperature is
1610 DEG C, terminal composition is as follows：C 0.008%, Si 0.29%, Mn 0.07%, P 0.016%, S 0.004%, Cr
28.55%, Mo 3.95%, Ni 0.50%, N 0.0143%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；
3. ladle refining furnace (LF) is processed
A) aluminium 80kg, niobium 640kg are added, stirring intensity is 0.008Nm3/ mint, stirs 12min, and molten steel temperature is
1594 DEG C, using electrode by molten steel heating to 1620 DEG C；
B) add titanium wire 460kg, stirring intensity is 0.004Nm3/ mint, stirs 12min；
C) sample analysis, LF terminal compositions are as follows：C 0.012%, Si 0.33%, Mn 0.09%, P 0.018%, S
0.001%, Ti 0.18%, Cr 29.18%, Mo 3.81%, Ni 0.45%, Nb 0.39%, N 0.0163%, Al
0.03%, Sn 0.004%, Pb 0.001%, Cu 0.05%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；
D) thermometric, molten steel temperature are 1562 DEG C, can meet pouring temperature
Sheet billet continuous casting is poured into through the molten steel of above-mentioned PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, its composition is as follows：Cr29.15%, Mo 3.82%, S
0.001%, C 0.012%, Ti 0.16%, Al 0.02%, Si 0.32%, Mn 0.10%, P 0.018%, Nb
0.38%, Ni 0.46%, Sn 0.004%, Pb 0.001%, Cu 0.05%, N 0.0175%, balance of Fe and other not
Evitable impurity, wherein strand [O]EntirelyFor 25ppm, non-metallic inclusion size is 4 μm.
Although from the foregoing it is appreciated that in order to the purpose of exemplary illustration describes specific embodiments of the present invention,
But under condit without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, technical staff described in this area can make various modifications or change
Enter.These deformations or modification should all fall into the application scope of the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel, which comprises the following steps：
A) in converter, preferred top and bottom complex blowing carries out just decarburization and alloying to molten iron, preferred dephosphorization, desiliconization, the molten iron of desulfurization,
To obtain the first stainless steel molten steel；
B) vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is carried out to the first stainless steel molten steel, to obtain the second stainless steel molten steel；And
C) the second stainless steel molten steel is refined in ladle refining furnace (LF), so as to obtain the ferrite stainless
Steel.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein based on percentage by weight, the ferritic stainless steel contains Cr 25.0%-
30.0%, Mo 3.0%-4.2%, C+N≤0.035%, Cu≤0.20%, and Pb+0.02Sn≤0.005%, balance of Fe
And other inevitable impurity；Preferably comprise Cr 25%-30%, Mo 3%-4.2%, S≤0.002%, C+N≤
0.035%, Al≤0.05%, Nb 0.20%-0.40%, Ti 0.12%-0.20%, Si 0.20%-0.50%, Mn≤
0.40%, P≤0.020%, Ni≤3.5%, Pb+0.02Sn≤0.005%, Cu≤0.20%, balance of Fe and other can not
The impurity for avoiding.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein the refinement step includes microalloying, preferably uses Nb and/or Ti enters
Row microalloying.
4. the method as described in any claim in claims 1 to 3, wherein the duration of heat in the converter be
60min-80min, the time of the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is 60min-90min, and at the ladle refining furnace (LF)
The interior duration of heat is 60min-80min.
5. the method as described in any claim in Claims 1-4, wherein the first stainless steel molten steel contains C
0.50%-0.80%, Si 0.10%-0.20%, Mn≤0.40%, S≤0.025%, Cr 25.0-3.0%, Mo 3.0%-
4.2%, Ni≤3.5%, N≤0.025%, P≤0.020%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
6. the method as described in any claim in claim 1 to 5, wherein the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD) is ladder
Oxygen blast, preferably includes four-stage, and more preferably first stage oxygen supply intensity is 0.30Nm3/min·t-0.33Nm3/min·t；More
It is preferred that second stage oxygen supply intensity is 0.40Nm3/min·t-0.45Nm3/min·t；More preferably phase III oxygen supply intensity is
0.35Nm3/min·t-0.38Nm3/min·t；More preferably fourth stage oxygen supply intensity is 0.30Nm3/min·t-0.33Nm3/
min·t。
7. the method as described in any claim in claim 1 to 6, wherein based on percentage by weight, described second is stainless
Steel molten steel contains C≤0.010%, N≤0.020%, Mn≤0.20%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.020%, Cr 25%-
30%, Ni≤3.5%, Mo 3.0%-4.2%, 0.15%≤Si≤0.35%, balance of Fe and other are inevitably miscellaneous
Matter.
8. the method as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, wherein vacuum in the vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing (VOD)
Pressure≤50Pa, it is preferred to keep at least 15min.
9. the method as described in any claim in claim 1 to 8, wherein total oxygen content in the ferritic stainless steel
([O]Entirely)≤30ppm。
10. the method as described in any claim in claim 1 to 9, wherein nonmetallic folder in the ferritic stainless steel
Size≤8 μm of debris, preferably≤5 μm.
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| EP4056721A1 (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-14 | SMS Group GmbH | Method for producing a ferrous alloy with low carbon content |
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| CN109554515A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel by top-blown converter |
| CN109554515B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-09-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel by top-blown converter |
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| CN111763793A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method for manufacturing stainless steel with high oxygen content |
| EP4056721A1 (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-14 | SMS Group GmbH | Method for producing a ferrous alloy with low carbon content |
| CN114032441A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-02-11 | 重庆大学 | Method for smelting ultra-low carbon stainless steel in vacuum induction furnace |
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