CN106546648A - 一种新型钢水定氧电池及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种新型钢水定氧电池及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106546648A
CN106546648A CN201610950228.6A CN201610950228A CN106546648A CN 106546648 A CN106546648 A CN 106546648A CN 201610950228 A CN201610950228 A CN 201610950228A CN 106546648 A CN106546648 A CN 106546648A
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杨德帆
杨明江
杨德顺
宋道举
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ZHONGXIANG ZHONGYUAN ELECTRONIC Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种新型钢水定氧电池,其由以下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体;将包括Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu的金属粉、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1300℃—1600℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管;在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体。本发明的钢水定氧电池则响应速度快,检出限小。

Description

一种新型钢水定氧电池及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及定氧探头制造领域,具体涉及一种新型钢水定氧电池及其制备工艺。
背景技术
定氧探头是用于探测炉中钢水的氧含量的专用设备,其核心部分是钢水定氧电池,其包括一个由掺杂氧化锆制成的锆管,其致密度需保持在97%左右。
在目前钢水定氧电池中,其锆管的内阻不够低,因此响应速度有限;在响应之后则进行采样。要被认定为一个有效数据,必须使定氧仪的响应时间在4秒以内,并在8秒内采样,且采样时上下波动在3个mv内。一般来说,钢水中氧含量越低,则响应时间越长;特别是在氧含量在1ppm左右时,大多数定氧头无法响应,即在4秒以后,定氧仪也无任何响应。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种响应快、检出限较小的钢水定氧电池及其制备工艺。
本发明的一种新型钢水定氧电池的制备工艺,包括步骤:
将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体;
将包括Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu的金属粉、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1300℃—1600℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管;
在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体。
优选地,所述锆管的组成配比为:基体和基体质量0.1~5%的烧结促进剂;
其中,基体由ZrO2 80~99mol%,MgO 0.1~10mol%,Y2O30.1~5mol%,CaO 0.1~5mol%组成;
其中,烧结促进剂由Al2O3 10~40mol%,SiO2 30~60mol%,TiO2 20~50mol%,Fe2O3 0.5~20mol%组成。
优选地,所述锆管由以下工艺制成:
a、制混料:按重量比将上述配比的陶瓷粉料68~88、石蜡1~10、聚乙烯或聚丙烯10~30、油酸1~10混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮3~5mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、排胶:将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度500-1000℃排胶48~72小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1500~1700℃烧结。
优选地,所述参比电极粉体以重量计的组成配比为:铬粉60-90,三氧化二铬粉5-20,三氧化二铁粉10-30。
优选地,所述参比电极粉体由以下工艺制成:
a、煅烧:将三氧化二铬和三氧化二铁放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至800℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时;
b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;
c、选用细度为40—400目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1000℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时,制得金属铬粉体;
d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
或者,所述参比电极粉体以重量计的组成配比为:铬粉60-90,氧化铜粉10-30,二氧化锰粉5-20。
优选地,所述参比电极由以下工艺制成:
a、煅烧:将氧化铜和二氧化锰放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至800℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时;
b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;
c、选用细度为40—400目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1000℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时,制得金属铬粉体;
d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例的锆管按如下工艺制备:
a、制混料:取80mol ZrO2、10mol MgO、5mol Y2O3、5mol CaO配制成基体,再取质量为基体质量0.1%的烧结促进剂混合成陶瓷粉料。其中,烧结促进剂由40molAl2O3、30molSiO2、29.5molTiO2,0.5molFe2O3配制而成。将陶瓷粉料88kg、石蜡1kg、聚乙烯10kg、油酸1kg混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮3mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度500℃排胶72小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1500℃烧结,即得锆管。
本实施例的金属化锆管按如下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体。配制金属化浆料:将由Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu组成的金属粉(摩尔比对应为1/8/1/0.5)、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液按质量比14/3/6一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1300℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管。
本实施例的制备参比电极粉体按如下工艺制备:
a、煅烧:将三氧化二铬和三氧化二铁放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至800℃,煅烧5小时;b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;c、选用细度为40目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1000℃,煅烧5小时,制得金属铬粉体;d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
最后,在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体即可得到钢水定氧电池。
实施例2
本实施例的锆管按如下工艺制备:
a、制混料:取84mol ZrO2、8mol MgO、4mol Y2O3、4mol CaO配制成基体,再取质量为基体质量1%的烧结促进剂混合成陶瓷粉料。其中,烧结促进剂由35molAl2O3、33molSiO2、30molTiO2,2molFe2O3配制而成。将陶瓷粉料84kg、石蜡2kg、聚乙烯12kg、油酸2kg混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮4mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度600℃排胶60小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1520℃烧结,即得锆管。
本实施例的金属化锆管按如下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体。配制金属化浆料:将由Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu组成的金属粉(摩尔比对应为2/8/4/1)、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液按质量比14/4/7一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1350℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管。
本实施例的制备参比电极粉体按如下工艺制备:
a、煅烧:将三氧化二铬和三氧化二铁放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至900℃,煅烧5小时;b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;c、选用细度为100目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1100℃,煅烧5小时,制得金属铬粉体;d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
最后,在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体即可得到钢水定氧电池。
实施例3
本实施例的锆管按如下工艺制备:
a、制混料:取88mol ZrO2、8mol MgO、4mol Y2O3、4mol CaO配制成基体,再取质量为基体质量2%的烧结促进剂混合成陶瓷粉料。其中,烧结促进剂由30molAl2O3、38molSiO2、27molTiO2,5molFe2O3配制而成。将陶瓷粉料80kg、石蜡3kg、聚乙烯14kg、油酸3kg混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮5mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度700℃排胶60小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1570℃烧结,即得锆管。
本实施例的金属化锆管按如下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体。配制金属化浆料:将由Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu组成的金属粉(摩尔比对应为1/5/1/0.5)、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液按质量比12/3/6一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1400℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管。
本实施例的制备参比电极粉体按如下工艺制备:
a、煅烧:将三氧化二铬和三氧化二铁放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至1000℃,煅烧4小时;b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;c、选用细度为200目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1200℃,煅烧4小时,制得金属铬粉体;d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
最后,在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体即可得到钢水定氧电池。
实施例4
本实施例的锆管按如下工艺制备:
a、制混料:取92mol ZrO2、4mol MgO、2mol Y2O3、2mol CaO配制成基体,再取质量为基体质量3%的烧结促进剂混合成陶瓷粉料。其中,烧结促进剂由25molAl2O3、42molSiO2、25molTiO2,8molFe2O3配制而成。将陶瓷粉料76kg、石蜡4kg、聚丙烯16kg、油酸4kg混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮3mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度800℃排胶54小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1590℃烧结,即得锆管。
本实施例的金属化锆管按如下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体。配制金属化浆料:将由Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu组成的金属粉(摩尔比对应为2/6/3/1)、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液按质量比12/4/7一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1500℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管。
本实施例的制备参比电极粉体按如下工艺制备:
a、煅烧:将氧化铜和二氧化锰放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至1100℃,煅烧4小时;b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;c、选用细度为300目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1200℃,煅烧4小时,制得金属铬粉体;d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
最后,在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体即可得到钢水定氧电池。
实施例5
本实施例的锆管按如下工艺制备:
a、制混料:取96mol ZrO2、3.8mol MgO、0.1mol Y2O3、0.1mol CaO配制成基体,再取质量为基体质量4%的烧结促进剂混合成陶瓷粉料。其中,烧结促进剂由18molAl2O3、45molSiO2、22molTiO2,15molFe2O3配制而成。将陶瓷粉料68kg、石蜡1kg、聚丙烯30kg、油酸1kg混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮4mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度900℃排胶60小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1640℃烧结,即得锆管。
本实施例的金属化锆管按如下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体。配制金属化浆料:将由Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu组成的金属粉(摩尔比对应为2/2/3/1)、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液按质量比10/4/7一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1550℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管。
本实施例的制备参比电极粉体按如下工艺制备:
a、煅烧:将氧化铜和二氧化锰放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至1300℃,煅烧2小时;b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;c、选用细度为350目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1350℃,煅烧2小时,制得金属铬粉体;d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
最后,在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体即可得到钢水定氧电池。
实施例6
本实施例的锆管按如下工艺制备:
a、制混料:取99mol ZrO2、0.1mol MgO、0.5mol Y2O3、0.4mol CaO配制成基体,再取质量为基体质量5%的烧结促进剂混合成陶瓷粉料。其中,烧结促进剂由10molAl2O3、60molSiO2、10molTiO2,20molFe2O3配制而成。将陶瓷粉料70kg、石蜡10kg、聚乙烯10kg、油酸10kg混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮5mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度1000℃排胶48小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1700℃烧结,即得锆管。
本实施例的金属化锆管按如下工艺制备:将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体。配制金属化浆料:将由Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu组成的金属粉(摩尔比对应为3/2/5/1.5)、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液按质量比10/5/8一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1600℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管。
本实施例的制备参比电极粉体按如下工艺制备:
a、煅烧:将氧化铜和二氧化锰放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至1400℃,煅烧2小时;b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;c、选用细度为400目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1400℃,煅烧2小时,制得金属铬粉体;d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
最后,在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体即可得到钢水定氧电池。
本发明中,其采用特殊的金属化工艺,能够极大地降低锆管与参比电极的接触电阻,由该锆管制造的钢水定氧电池在氧含量一定时,响应时间可缩短40%。这样可以以更快地速度测得有效、准确的钢水中氧含量,因此能够对钢水成份进行更准确的调节,以提高钢材质量。另外,在氧含量最低达0.3ppm时,还能够进行反应,并测得有效的氧含量数据,即氧含量的检出限可达0.3ppm。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种新型钢水定氧电池的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括步骤:
将高温玻璃粉碎至300目以下,得到玻璃粉体;
将包括Mn、Ni、Mo、Pt和Cu的金属粉、玻璃粉体和硝棉溶液一起碾磨成浆料,将此浆料涂于锆管内壁上,烘干后再在1300℃—1600℃煅烧,即得到金属化锆管;
在所述金属化锆管中填充参比电极粉体。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述锆管的组成配比为:基体和基体质量0.1~5%的烧结促进剂;
其中,基体由ZrO2 80~99mol%,MgO 0.1~10mol%,Y2O3 0.1~5mol%,CaO 0.1~5mol%组成;
其中,烧结促进剂由Al2O3 10~40mol%,SiO2 30~60mol%,TiO2 20~50mol%,Fe2O3 0.5~20mol%组成。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述锆管由以下工艺制成:
a、制混料:按重量比将上述配比的陶瓷粉料68~88、石蜡1~10、聚乙烯或聚丙烯10~30、油酸1~10混合均匀,制成混料;
b、制粒:将混料通过造粒机制成∮3~5mm的颗粒;
c、制坯:将颗粒用注塑机注塑成型,制成坯体;
d、排胶:将坯体置入箱式炉中,在温度500-1000℃排胶48~72小时;
e、高温烧结:将排胶后的坯体摆放于刚玉坩埚中,经1500~1700℃烧结。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述参比电极粉体以重量计的组成配比为:铬粉60-90,三氧化二铬粉5-20,三氧化二铁粉10-30。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述参比电极粉体由以下工艺制成:
a、煅烧:将三氧化二铬和三氧化二铁放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至800℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时;
b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;
c、选用细度为40—400目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1000℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时,制得金属铬粉体;
d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
6.如权利要求1所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述参比电极粉体以重量计的组成配比为:铬粉60-90,氧化铜粉10-30,二氧化锰粉5-20。
7.如权利要求6所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述参比电极由以下工艺制成:
a、煅烧:将氧化铜和二氧化锰放进刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氧气并加热至800℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时;
b、粉碎:将上述煅烧后的物料粉碎,再球磨达到纳米级细度,制得氧化物粉体;
c、选用细度为40—400目的金属铬粉,将其放入刚玉坩埚中,然后置于气氛炉中,通氢气并加热至1000℃—1400℃,煅烧2-5小时,制得金属铬粉体;
d、将上述经过煅烧后的氧化物粉体与煅烧后的金属铬粉体,按上述参比电极粉体的配比机械混匀即可。
8.一种新型钢水定氧电池,其特征在于,由权利要求1至7中任一项所述的制备工艺制备而成。
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