CN106542708B - Method and device for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising excrement - Google Patents

Method and device for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising excrement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106542708B
CN106542708B CN201610893676.7A CN201610893676A CN106542708B CN 106542708 B CN106542708 B CN 106542708B CN 201610893676 A CN201610893676 A CN 201610893676A CN 106542708 B CN106542708 B CN 106542708B
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pig manure
waste liquid
pretreatment
microwave
chamber
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CN106542708A (en
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杨春平
喻涛
邓乂寰
西村文武
刘红玉
吕黎
何闪英
何慧军
武兵文
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Zhejiang Gongshang University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising excrement, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out wet grinding on fresh pig manure to prepare pig manure waste liquid; (2) adjusting the pH value of the obtained pig manure cost to be alkaline, introducing the adjusted alkaline pig manure waste liquid into a microwave device, and performing microwave-alkali combined pretreatment; (3) and carrying out anaerobic digestion on the pretreated pig manure waste liquid to produce methane. The invention carries out microwave-alkali combined pretreatment on fresh pig manure. The method comprises the following steps of crushing pig manure by a wet method, preparing waste liquid with a certain concentration, adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to be alkaline, carrying out combined pretreatment on the pig manure by using the combined action of microwave and alkali, and then carrying out anaerobic digestion on the pretreated pig manure to produce methane.

Description

Method and device for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising excrement
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resource utilization and environmental protection, in particular to a pretreatment method and a pretreatment device before pig raising excrement anaerobic fermentation.
Background
Animal waste has become a major contaminant in agriculture and animal husbandry. The energy contained in 25 hundred million tons of livestock and poultry manure produced in China every year can be approximately folded into 3 hundred million tons of standard coal. The most common method of treating animal waste is currently open air stacking, which not only produces malodors, but also affects water, soil, air environment and human and animal health.
The livestock and poultry manure is converted into the biogas through anaerobic fermentation, so that the problem of environmental pollution can be solved, and the test substances can be recycled. However, the high content of fiber and other hard-to-decompose substances in the livestock manure makes anaerobic digestion bacteria not effectively and sufficiently utilized. In order to increase the biogas amount and the productivity efficiency generated by anaerobic digestion of feces, it is a common method to destroy the structure of feces by pretreatment. The pretreatment can be mainly classified into physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment and biological pretreatment.
For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN 104710091a discloses a pretreatment method before the anaerobic fermentation of milk pig manure, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting the milk pig manure in a manure storage tank, stirring and mixing to realize uniform solid and liquid; (2) the excrement is thrown into a solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation; (3) discharging liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation into a size mixing tank through a water outlet of a solid-liquid separator, and enabling the obtained solid to fall into a feed inlet of a wet material crusher through a discharge port of the solid-liquid separator; (4) crushing the solid by a wet material crusher, dropping the crushed solid into a slurry mixing tank through a discharge port of the crusher, then adding tap water, surface water or biogas slurry, and starting a slurry mixing tank stirrer to stir and adjust; (5) and pumping the adjusted materials into an anaerobic digester through a feed pump for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas.
Among them, thermochemical treatment is the most mainstream pretreatment method in the present research. Microwave pretreatment is a promising pretreatment method, but in the current research, the microwave pretreatment is more applied to the influence of excess sludge and subsequent anaerobic digestion, and the research on the microwave pretreatment of feces is very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for pig raising manure pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation, which can improve the yield of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion and shorten the stabilization time of biogas production rate.
A method for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising manure comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out wet grinding on fresh pig manure to prepare pig manure waste liquid;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the obtained pig manure waste liquid to be alkaline, guiding the adjusted alkaline pig manure waste liquid into a microwave device, and performing microwave-alkali combined pretreatment;
(3) and carrying out anaerobic digestion on the pretreated pig manure waste liquid to produce methane.
The invention carries out microwave-alkali combined pretreatment on fresh pig manure. The method comprises the following steps of crushing pig manure by a wet method, preparing waste liquid with a certain concentration, adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to be alkaline, carrying out combined pretreatment on the pig manure by using the combined action of microwave and alkali, and then carrying out anaerobic digestion on the pretreated pig manure to produce methane.
The excrement is adjusted to be alkaline and then is subjected to microwave heating, the excrement and the microwave heating can promote the release of organic matters of the excrement, and the two treatment methods of adjusting alkalinity and microwave heating have a synergistic effect, so that the effect is better, and the subsequent anaerobic digestion is easier.
In the invention, the wet grinding is a conventional method, and specifically, pig manure and water are added into a grinder according to a certain proportion for wet grinding.
Preferably, the concentration of the pig manure waste liquid obtained in the step (1) is 10g/L-100 g/L. The concentration here refers to the concentration of stationary matter, i.e. pig manure, in the waste liquid. Under the concentration, the anaerobic digestion of the pig manure waste liquid is relatively complete.
According to different pretreatment requirements, preferably, the pH value of the obtained pig manure waste liquid in the step (2) is adjusted to 8-11.
Further preferably, the pH value of the obtained pig manure waste liquid in the step (2) is adjusted to 8-11, alkali treatment is carried out for 20-30 min, and then the pig manure waste liquid is sent into a microwave device.
The pH value is adjusted by using 1.0mol/L NaOH. Preferably, the microwave power density processed by the microwave device in the step (2) is 1000-2The microwave treatment time is 30-300 s. Further preferably, the microwave power density is 2000-2The microwave treatment time is 120s-240 s.
Preferably, the pretreated pig manure wastewater is introduced into an anaerobic digestion tank, cooled for 6-12h and then subjected to anaerobic digestion; further preferably, the mixture is cooled for 8-19 hours and then subjected to anaerobic digestion.
Preferably, the anaerobic digestion in the step (3) is carried out for 20-30 days at a temperature of 25-35 ℃.
Under the combination of the preferable conditions, the gas production rate stabilizing time can be shortened to 5-6 days, the gas production rate can reach 450mL/g VS after 20 days, namely the gas production rate can reach more than 500mL after 30 days of volatile solid per g.
The anaerobic digestion process is a conventional anaerobic process in the art for treating manure.
The invention also provides a device for pig manure pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation, which comprises the following components in sequence:
a pretreatment chamber for adjusting the pH value of the pig manure and carrying out wet grinding;
the microwave generation chamber is used for carrying out microwave treatment on the pig manure waste liquid treated by the pretreatment chamber;
a fermentation chamber for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the pig manure waste liquid after microwave treatment;
and a biogas collection chamber for collecting biogas generated by the fermentation chamber.
The microwave generator is respectively connected with the excrement outlet of the pH adjusting chamber and the excrement inlet of the anaerobic fermentation device through pipelines, and the biogas collecting device is connected with the anaerobic fermentation device through a pipeline.
Preferably, the pretreatment chamber is provided with a pH display, and the fermentation chamber is provided with a stirrer.
Preferably, the fermentation chamber is provided with a temperature control system, and the temperature control system comprises:
the temperature probe is used for monitoring the temperature of the reaction liquid in the fermentation chamber;
a heating pipe for heating the reaction liquid in the fermentation chamber;
and the temperature controller is used for receiving the monitoring signal of the temperature probe and sending an instruction to the heating pipe.
The method of the present invention, the treatment apparatus may be any other conventional apparatus, but it is preferable to use this apparatus.
A most preferred pig manure treatment process comprises the following steps:
(1) wet crushing fresh pig manure in a pretreatment chamber to prepare pig manure waste liquid, wherein the concentration of the obtained pig manure waste liquid is 40g/L, and adjusting the pH value of the obtained pig manure waste liquid to 9;
(2) placing the adjusted alkaline pig manure waste liquid for 25min, introducing into a microwave generation chamber, and adjusting the microwave power density to 6000W/cm2Performing microwave-alkali combined pretreatment for 120 s;
(3) and (3) introducing the pretreated pig manure waste liquid into a fermentation chamber, cooling and placing for 10 hours, adding inoculated sludge, performing anaerobic fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 35 ℃, and performing anaerobic digestion to produce biogas.
And (4) processing according to the optimal method, and continuously recording the methane yield for 20 days, wherein the daily average methane yield reaches the maximum value when 5 days are carried out, the maximum value is 84mL/g VS, and the accumulated methane yield reaches 454mL/g VS. And (3) adopting a conventional anaerobic treatment process under the same condition, starting normal gas production after 7 days, continuously recording the biogas yield for 30 days, wherein the daily average biogas yield reaches the maximum value when 14 days, the maximum value is 38mL/g VS, and the accumulated biogas yield reaches 304mL/g VS.
Compared with the prior pretreatment method, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes the microwave-alkali combined pretreatment of the excrement for fermentation to produce the biogas, the biogas production amount is large, the stabilization time of the biogas production rate is shortened, the methane proportion in the biogas is high, and the microwave-alkali combined pretreatment is 5 percent higher than the contrast methane proportion (75 percent in the pretreatment group and 70 percent in the contrast group) after the anaerobic digestion is finished.
2. The microwave treatment or the alkali treatment can promote the release of organic matters in the pig manure, and the combined effect of the microwave treatment and the alkali treatment is better than that of the microwave treatment or the alkali treatment alone.
3. Alkaline conditions can inhibit the activity of acid forming bacteria and the production of hydrogen during the anaerobic digestion stage.
4. The invention has the advantages of easy operation, simple equipment, low manufacturing cost, low investment and low energy consumption.
5. The invention can utilize the excrement of various pig farms to realize the reutilization of the pig excrement and the generation of clean energy, thereby changing waste into valuable.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention,
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the microwave device of the present invention.
The reference numerals shown in fig. 2 are as follows:
1. a pretreatment chamber; 2. a microwave generation chamber; 3, a fermentation chamber; 4. a temperature controller; 5, a temperature probe; 6. heating a tube; 7. a mechanical stirrer; 8. a biogas collection chamber; 9. a pipeline; 10. a delivery pump; 11. and (6) a methane outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings
The invention relates to a device for producing biogas by fermenting pig manure through microwave-alkali combined pretreatment, which comprises: a pretreatment chamber 1, a microwave generation chamber 2, a fermentation chamber 3 and a methane collection chamber 8. The microwave generation chamber 2 is respectively connected with the pretreatment chamber 1 and the fermentation device 3 through pipelines, and the pig manure is pumped into the pretreatment chamber by a delivery pump 10 through a pipeline 9; after wet grinding and pH adjustment, the mixture is pumped into a microwave generating chamber 2. After the excrement pretreatment is finished in the microwave generating chamber 2, the pretreated pig manure is pumped into the fermenting chamber 3 through a pipeline by a delivery pump, the fermenting chamber 3 is a closed reactor, and the methane collecting chamber 8 is connected with the fermenting chamber 3 through a pipeline so as to collect methane produced by the fermenting chamber 3.
The fermentation chamber 3 is provided with a mechanical stirrer 7 and a heating device, the heating device consists of a temperature controller 4, a temperature probe 5 and a heating pipe 6, the temperature probe 5 and the heating pipe 6 extend into the fermentation chamber 3 and submerge the pig manure, the temperature is controlled by the temperature controller 4, and the heating device heats and can control the process of producing the methane by fermentation to reach a set temperature value. The device is an intermittent methane-producing reactor.
An example of the anaerobic digestion pretreatment of feces using the process of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 and the apparatus of FIG. 2 is as follows:
example 1
After large-scale impurities which are difficult to crush and decompose in fresh pig manure are removed by a grid sieve, the fresh pig manure and the large-scale impurities are crushed by a wet method according to the proportion of 1:1 of water to the pig manure, a certain amount of water is continuously added to prepare 40g/L of pig manure waste liquid, and the pH value is adjusted to 9 by using 1mol/L of NaOH. Pumping the pig manure waste liquid into a microwave generation chamber after alkali treatment for 25min, and adjusting the microwave power density to 6000W/cm2The treatment time was 120 s. Pumping the pretreated pig manure waste liquid into a pumpAnd (3) cooling and placing for 10h in a fermentation chamber, adding inoculated sludge, performing anaerobic fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 35 ℃, continuously recording the methane yield for 20 days, wherein the daily average methane yield reaches the maximum value when 5 days are reached, the maximum value is 84mL/g VS, and the accumulated methane yield reaches 454mL/g VS.
Comparative example 1
Adding water into fresh pig manure to adjust the water content to 50%, placing the fresh pig manure into a methane tank, stacking for 8 days to heat the methane tank, then adding inoculated sludge into the methane tank, adjusting the pH to 7.2, sealing the tank after uniformly stirring, and controlling the fermentation temperature to 35 ℃. And (3) starting normal gas production after 7 days, continuously recording the methane yield for 30 days, wherein the daily average methane yield reaches the maximum value when 14 days, the maximum value is 38mL/g VS, and the accumulated methane yield reaches 304mL/g VS.
Example 2
After large-scale impurities which are difficult to crush and decompose in fresh pig manure are removed by a grid sieve, the fresh pig manure and the large-scale impurities are crushed by a wet method according to the proportion of 2:1 of the pig manure to water, a certain amount of water is continuously added to prepare 100g/L of pig manure waste liquid, and the pH value is adjusted to 11 by using 1mol/L of NaOH. Pumping the pig manure waste liquid into a microwave generation chamber after alkali treatment for 30min, and adjusting the microwave power density to 2000W/cm2The processing time was 240 s. Pumping the pretreated pig manure waste liquid into a fermentation chamber, cooling and standing for 8h, adding inoculated sludge, carrying out anaerobic fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 30 ℃, continuously recording the biogas yield for 25 days, wherein the daily average biogas yield reaches the maximum value at 6 days, the maximum value is 91mL/g VS, and the accumulated biogas yield reaches 609mL/g VS.
Comparative example 2
Adding water into fresh pig manure to adjust the water content to 50%, placing the pig manure into a methane tank, stacking for 5 days to heat the methane tank, then adding inoculated sludge into the methane tank, adjusting the pH to 6.8, sealing the tank after uniformly stirring, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be 30 ℃. And (3) normally producing gas after 10 days, continuously recording the methane yield for 30 days, wherein the daily average methane yield reaches the maximum value when 20 days are carried out, the maximum value is 27mL/g VS, and the accumulated methane yield reaches 287mL/g VS.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the relevant art can change or modify the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising excrement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out wet grinding on fresh pig manure to prepare pig manure waste liquid; the concentration of the obtained pig manure waste liquid is 10g/L-100 g/L;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the obtained pig manure waste liquid to 8-11, carrying out alkali treatment for 20-30 min, and then sending the pig manure waste liquid into a microwave device for microwave-alkali combined pretreatment; the microwave power density is 2000-2The microwave treatment time is 120s-240 s;
(3) cooling the pretreated pig manure waste liquid for 6-12h, and then performing anaerobic digestion to produce biogas; the anaerobic digestion time is 20-30 days, and the temperature is 25-35 ℃; the stable time of the gas production rate is 5-6 days;
a device for raising pigs excrement and urine preliminary treatment and anaerobic fermentation is including setting up in order:
a pretreatment chamber for adjusting the pH value of the pig manure and carrying out wet grinding;
the microwave generation chamber is used for carrying out microwave treatment on the pig manure waste liquid treated by the pretreatment chamber;
a fermentation chamber for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the pig manure waste liquid after microwave treatment;
and a biogas collection chamber for collecting biogas generated by the fermentation chamber;
the pretreatment chamber is provided with a pH display, and the fermentation chamber is provided with a stirrer;
the fermentation room sets up temperature control system, temperature control system includes:
the temperature probe is used for monitoring the temperature of the reaction liquid in the fermentation chamber;
a heating pipe for heating the reaction liquid in the fermentation chamber;
and the temperature controller is used for receiving the monitoring signal of the temperature probe and sending an instruction to the heating pipe.
CN201610893676.7A 2016-10-14 2016-10-14 Method and device for pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation of pig raising excrement Expired - Fee Related CN106542708B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102603135A (en) * 2012-03-19 2012-07-25 同济大学 Method for producing biogas by aid of intensified anaerobic fermentation of circular backflow sludge in microwave and alkali combined treatment
CN104710091A (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-06-17 周玲娣 Pretreatment method before milk cow manure anaerobic fermentation
CN105753282A (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-07-13 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 Method for extracting albumin glue from pig dung residues and preparing biomass energy

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102603135A (en) * 2012-03-19 2012-07-25 同济大学 Method for producing biogas by aid of intensified anaerobic fermentation of circular backflow sludge in microwave and alkali combined treatment
CN105753282A (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-07-13 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 Method for extracting albumin glue from pig dung residues and preparing biomass energy
CN104710091A (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-06-17 周玲娣 Pretreatment method before milk cow manure anaerobic fermentation

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