CN106541121A - A kind of accurate speed control device and method of vacuum speed governing casting process - Google Patents
A kind of accurate speed control device and method of vacuum speed governing casting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106541121A CN106541121A CN201611253249.9A CN201611253249A CN106541121A CN 106541121 A CN106541121 A CN 106541121A CN 201611253249 A CN201611253249 A CN 201611253249A CN 106541121 A CN106541121 A CN 106541121A
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- container
- sealing container
- liquid level
- casting process
- poring rate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the accurate speed control device and method of a kind of vacuum speed governing casting process, described equipment includes sealing container, sprue gate closing device, vacuum extractor, compressed gas filling device, liquid level decrease speed determines device, feedback signal reception device and control system, initial poring rate is realized by preset value, the actual decrease speed in sealing container inner metal liquid face is monitored in casting process, and control system is fed back to by feedback signal reception device, determine the actual ratio of radial section product at container tank radial section product and container tank opening, and pre-set gas pressure adjustment in sealing container is adjusted, accurately control in real time and adjust poring rate.Avoid the poring rate deviation for being produced by melt contamination due to sealing container in use, it is ensured that the accuracy of vacuum speed governing cast.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Casting Equipment technical field, more particularly, to a kind of accurate speed control device of vacuum speed governing casting process
And method.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy are widely used in boat because its specific strength is big, light weight the features such as casting character is good
The fields such as empty space flight, automobile, building, and more and more important effect is played in these fields.Constantly sending out along with science and technology
Exhibition and progressive, also constantly higher to the performance proposition of aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy requirement.
As the aluminium element and magnesium elements in aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy is the extremely active element of chemical property, it is easy to
React with the oxygen in air and be oxidized.Therefore, in the casting process of aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy, if it is possible to ensure
Melt not with or less and air contact, can just reduce oxidation of the alloy in casting process, reduce the oxidation in alloy melt
It is mingled with, so as to finally reduce the defect of alloy-steel casting, improves the performance of alloy-steel casting.Simultaneously, if it is possible to realize in cast
The accurate quantification of alloy, can just improve the utilization rate of material, reduce the waste of raw material, reduce secondary after foundry goods molding plus
Work, so as to reduce production cost, improve production efficiency.Meanwhile, in some casting methods, such as extrusion casint, to sealing container
In to be filled with compressed gas be normally only that, in order to discharge melt, thus it is improper to be likely to occur poring rate control, compressed gas
Flow is uncontrollable, state of the melt in turbulent flow during discharge, or even melt is possible to injected and goes out, and is very easy to out cash
Category melt splashes, and does not only result in melt and volume gas is produced in casting process and is mingled with, it is also possible to is rushed to open the coating in casting mold,
The pollution of melt is ultimately resulted in, the change and the reduction of die life of cooling condition, is to affect casting quality in casting process
One of key factor, while also resulting in potential safety hazard.And will solve the above problems, then need to realize metal bath poring rate
Precise control, allows metal bath in controlled condition lower charging type, but in actual production, the intake of melt and sprue gate are anti-
The multiple process performed from cool-bag intake-die casting, during this, intake and sprue gate are very easy to melt occur freeze
Phenomenon, make cast open area occur change, thus result in and deviation often occur in default cast parameter Jing in casting process,
Thus the accurate method of adjustment of poring rate is had great importance in realizing a kind of casting process.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of accurate speed control device of vacuum speed governing casting process and side
Method.
The complete technical scheme of the present invention includes：
A kind of accurate speed control device of vacuum speed governing casting process, described equipment include sealing container, sprue gate folding
Device, vacuum extractor, compressed gas filling device, liquid level decrease speed determine device, feedback signal reception device and control
System；
The sealing container is used to store metal bath, and realizes that at smelting furnace or holding furnace metal bath is absorbed,
The cast of metal bath is realized at mould；
The sprue gate closing device is to realize opening for sprue gate in the intake of metal bath, transfer, casting process
Open or close；
The vacuum extractor to realize the evacuation in sealing container, to the intake for realizing metal bath；
The compressed gas filling device is to realize the discharge of metal bath in casting process；
The liquid level decrease speed determines device to determine the actual liquid of metal bath in sealing container in casting process
Face height and decrease speed；
The feedback signal reception device for by metal bath intake and discharge process in, metal bath in sealing container
Liquid level, sealing container are into data feedbacks such as melt depths in smelting furnace or holding furnace to control system；
Startup/the stopping of the control system control vacuum extractor and sprue gate closing device, compressed gas filling dress
Putting carries out the pressure value of gas filling.
Preferably, it is many interior metals being connected with feedback signal reception device that the liquid level decrease speed determines device
Liquid surface probing needle.
Preferably, the liquid level decrease speed determine device be one be connected with feedback signal reception device may move it is interior
Portion's metal bath surface probe.
The method that the accurate speed governing of vacuum speed governing casting process is carried out using the equipment, is comprised the steps：
1) initial poring rate is preset value, and the preset value of the poring rate is by the pre-set gas pressure in sealing container
By force realizing, the pre-set gas pressure is determined by following methods：
If default poring rate is v2, determined according to equation below (1) (2) and obtain v2In required sealing container
Pre-set gas pressure P1：
v2=Cv1 (2)
In above formula, P1For the default pressure of gas in sealed vessel, h is the real-time height of alloy melt liquid level, v1For sealing container
Inner alloy melt liquid level decrease speed, v2Flow velocity for alloy melt at sealing container bottom opening is poring rate v2, C is
Container tank radial section is accumulated and the initial of container tank bottom opening radial section product is compared, density of the ρ for alloy melt, P0For air
Pressure, g is acceleration of gravity.
2) in casting process, survey actual decrease speed v in sealing container inner metal liquid face1r, and pass through feedback signal reception
Device feeds back to control system, is determined according to equation below (3) (4) and is radially cut at container tank radial section product and container tank opening
The actual ratio C of arear。
v2r=Crv1r (4)
3) the actual ratio C according to radial section product at the container tank radial section product and container tank opening for determiningrTo close
Pre-set gas pressure adjustment in envelope container is adjusted, and method is by Cr, required poring rate v2And current moment alloy melt
Liquid level h parameters, substitute into formula (1) (2), pressure P needed for obtaining in moment container up till now1r。
In casting process, 2) above step is continually performed and step 3 by control system), so as to according to practical situation
Change realize accurate adjustment to poring rate.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1st, used in the present invention, liquid level decrease speed measure device enters to the alloy melt liquid level of sealed container interior
Row real-time monitoring, and the actual poring rate of alloy melt is obtained by a kind of algorithm.Meanwhile, made using a kind of algorithm compensation
With during, container tank radial section accumulates the issuable change of ratio with radial section product at container tank opening, in real time accurately
Control and adjustment poring rate.Avoid the poring rate for being produced by melt contamination due to sealing container in use inclined
Difference, it is ensured that the accuracy of vacuum speed governing cast.
2nd, the present invention absorbs melt using the mode to sealing container in the following evacuation of alloy melt liquid level, and whole
The air-tightness of sealing container is kept in individual transfer process, so as to prevent contact of the alloy melt with air, effectively can be prevented
Only in casting process alloy melt oxidation, reduce foundry goods oxide inclusion, improve casting quality.
3rd, the present invention utilizes the relation of alloy melt flow velocity and potential energy and pressure, is poured into a mould using the control of digital combination valve
Pressure in journey in sealing container, so as to realize the control to poring rate, can realized by the control to poring rate
The turbulent flow during melt cast is prevented while quantitative, it is to avoid the pollution of alloy melt and volume gas, protect the dope layer of mould.
The quality of alloy-steel casting, improve production efficiency can be improved, while can also reduce the impaired of mould, die life is improved.
4th, the present invention carries out quantitative pouring to alloy melt using the sealing container for fully sealing, and can reduce alloy melt
With extraneous heat exchange, slow down the cooling rate of alloy melt, alloy melt can be reduced on the premise of foundry goods molding is ensured
Tapping temperature, energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the accurate speed control device structural representation of the vacuum speed governing casting process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vacuum extractor and compressed gas filling device air-path control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the poring rate control principle drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the intake alloy melt process schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the transfer alloy melt process schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the casting process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-machinery；2-fixing device；3-cylinder；4-vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring apparatus；5-feedback
Signal receiving device；6-control system；7-alloy melt；8-body of heater；9-pressure chamber or mould；31-piston rod；32—
Connecting rod；41-sealing container；42-liquid level decrease speed determines device；43-shut-off plug；44-external metallization liquid surface probing needle；
45-vacuum extractor；46-compressed gas filling device；411-container tank；412-container tank bottom opening；413-on
Lid；414-ring flange；4131-passage；451-vacuum buffer tank；452-pneumatic ball valve one；461-gas tank；462—
Piezometer one；463-air relief valve；464-pneumatic ball valve two；465-digital combination valve；466-piezometer two.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated for 1 to accompanying drawing 6 and embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Alloy melt vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring equipment of the present invention, including machinery 1, fixing device 2, cylinder
3rd, vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring apparatus 4, feedback signal reception device 5, control system 6.Vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring apparatus 4 are wrapped again
Containing sealing container 41, liquid level decrease speed determine device 42, shut-off plug 43, external metallization liquid surface probing needle 44, vacuum extractor 45,
Compressed gas filling device 46.Fixing device 2 is a T-shaped crossbeam, and a cylinder 3, one end fixation vacuum speed governing are fixed in one end
Quantitative pouring apparatus 4, last one end are fixed on machinery 1, so both ensure that cylinder 3 and vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring dress
Put 4 to be relatively fixed, while allow whole equipment under the control of machinery 1 to move or rotate.Cylinder 3 includes one
Piston rod 31 and a connecting rod 32.Cylinder 3 is fixed in fixing device 2.Connecting rod 32 be a thin bar, 32 one end of connecting rod
Connection piston rod 31, other end connection closed plug 43, shut-off plug 43 just can be realized opening and closing under the control of cylinder 3.
Sealing container 41 is made up of container tank 411, container tank bottom opening 412, upper lid 413, this three part of ring flange 414.Wherein, tank
411 is a cylindrical hollow body, and bottom center has container tank bottom opening 412.Container tank 411 passes through ring flange
414 are fixed on lid 413, and junction has sealing ring to ensure the air-tightness of device.Connecting rod 32 is by logical above upper lid 413
Sealing container is inserted in hole, and through hole is provided with the air-tightness that sealing ring ensures device.Passage 4131 above upper lid 413 is not by
The elastic compensating pipe connection vacuum extractor 45 for drawing and compressed gas filling device 46.That is, vacuum extractor 45 and compressed gas
Body filling device 46 is by passage 4131 to 41 evacuation of sealing container and filling gas.Shut-off plug 43 is stifled for a truncated cone-shaped
Head, its one end are connected in connecting rod 32, are opened and closed by the control realization of cylinder 3.Liquid level decrease speed determines device 42 and fixes
On upper lid 413, effect is the actual height and decrease speed for monitoring alloy melt liquid level,.External metallization liquid surface probing needle 44 is solid
It is scheduled on ring flange 414, effect is to monitor whether container tank bottom opening 412 immerses depth certain under the liquid level of alloy melt 7
Degree, it is ensured that absorb alloy melt 7 below liquid level.Liquid level decrease speed determines device 42, the electricity of external metallization liquid surface probing needle 44
Feedback signal reception device 5 is connected to, and the signal of telecommunication is turned to by physical signalling conversion.Vacuum extractor 45 includes that a vacuum is delayed
Tank 451 and a pneumatic ball valve 452 are rushed, and vacuum buffer tank 451 is controlled by switching pneumatic ball valve one and sealing container 41 is taken out
The start and stop of vacuum action.Compressed gas filling device 46 includes gas tank 461, barometer 1, air relief valve 463, pneumatic ball valve
464th, digital combination valve 465, barometer 2 466.Holding compressed air or noble gases in gas tank 461, as compression
The source of the gas of gas filling device 46.Barometer 1 is used for the pressure for monitoring and feeding back gas in gas tank 461.Air relief valve 463
Effect be that the gas from feed line in gas tank 461 is reduced pressure.Storage is realized by the switch to pneumatic ball valve 2 464
The start and stop of compressed air or noble gases to the filling of sealing container 41 in gas tank 461.Digital combination valve 465 is to compressed gas
The pressure of body carries out real-time regulation.The effect of barometer 2 466 is to monitor and feed back the air pressure in sealing container 41.Machinery 1,
Cylinder 3, vacuum extractor 45, compressed gas filling device 46, feedback signal reception device 5 are each coupled electrically in control system 6,
To realize automatically controlling for whole equipment.
By taking constant speed cast as an example, to the worked of alloy melt vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring equipment of the present invention
Journey is illustrated, and concrete steps include：
1st, determine the amount and poring rate preset value of the alloy melt 7 for needing intake and pour fluence, input control system
6；
2nd, equipment is made to move down in body of heater 8 by 6 control machinery device 1 of control system, until external metallization liquid level
Probe 44 touches the liquid level of alloy melt 7, and signal is passed to by external metallization liquid surface probing needle 44 by feedback signal reception device 5
Control system 6,6 control machinery device of control system 1 stop movement；
3rd, 3 action of cylinder is controlled by control system 6, makes piston rod 31 be located at 1 station, now shut-off plug 43 is opened；
4th, vacuum extractor 45 is started by control system 6, that is, opens pneumatic ball valve 1, by passage 4131 pairs
41 evacuation of sealing container；
5th, in sealing container 41, liquid level rises in the presence of inside and outside differential pressure, and liquid level decrease speed determines device 42 and supervises in real time
Survey liquid level position and control system 6 is fed back to by feedback signal reception device 5, specify when the intake of alloy melt 7 is reached
During amount, in the case where control system 6 is acted on, 31 action of cylinder makes piston rod 31 be located at 2 stations, and now shut-off plug 43 is closed, same to seasonal epidemic pathogens
Dynamic ball valve 1 is closed, and vacuum extractor 45 stops to 41 evacuation of sealing container；
6th, top of the movement quantitative pouring apparatus 4 of 6 control machinery device of control system 1 to pressure chamber 9；
7th, 31 action of cylinder is controlled by control system 6, makes piston rod 31 be located at 1 station, now shut-off plug 43 is opened, together
When pneumatic ball valve 2 464 open, start compressed gas filling device 46, compressed gas be passed through into passage 4131, alloy melts
Body pours into pressure chamber 9 in the presence of compressed gas thrust and gravity；
Wherein, in this step, initial poring rate is preset value, and the preset value of the poring rate is by sealing container
Realizing, the pre-set gas pressure is determined interior pre-set gas pressure by following methods：
If default poring rate is v2, determined according to equation below (1) (2) and obtain v2In required sealing container
Pre-set gas pressure P1：
v2=Cv1 (2)
In above formula, P1For the default pressure of gas in sealed vessel, h is the real-time height of alloy melt liquid level, v1For sealing container
Inner alloy melt liquid level decrease speed, v2Flow velocity for alloy melt at sealing container bottom opening is poring rate v2, C is
Container tank radial section is accumulated and the initial of container tank bottom opening radial section product is compared, density of the ρ for alloy melt, P0For air
Pressure, g is acceleration of gravity.
8th, as, in casting process, the real-time height h of alloy melt liquid level is changed in real time, thus sealing container
The default pressure P of interior gas1Also should change in real time, thus control system 6 is according to the poring rate and piezometer two of setting
466th, liquid level decrease speed determines the feedback signal of device 42, is filled by 465 real-time adjustment compressed gas of digital combination valve
The pressure of device 46, so as to realize the control to poring rate.
9th, in casting process, 42 real-time monitoring sealing container inner metal liquid face reality of device is determined by liquid level decrease speed
Decrease speed v1r, and control system 6, the actual decrease speed of described metal bath surface are fed back to by feedback signal reception device 5
v1rCan with using multiprobe mode or traveling probe mode, and according to equation below (3) (4) determine container tank radial section product and
The actual ratio C of radial section product at container tank openingr。
v2r=Crv1r (4)
According to the actual ratio C of radial section product at the container tank radial section product and container tank opening for determiningrTo sealing
Pre-set gas pressure adjustment in container is adjusted, and method is by Cr, required poring rate v2And current moment alloy melt liquid
Face height h parameters, substitute into formula (1) (2), pressure P needed for obtaining in moment container up till now1r。
In casting process, the above is calculated and is continually performed by control system, so as to be realized according to the change of practical situation
Accurate adjustment to poring rate.
10th, when reach it is default pour fluence when, control system 6 control 31 action of cylinder, make piston rod 31 be located at 2 stations,
Now shut-off plug 43 is closed, while control pneumatic ball valve 2 464 closing, compressed gas filling device 46 stops to sealing container 41
Inflation；
11st, 6 control machinery device of control system 1 drives vacuum speed governing quantitative pouring apparatus 4 to remove from pressure chamber, waits next
Melt is absorbed in secondary cast.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every according to the present invention
Any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change that technical spirit is made to above example, still fall within skill of the present invention
In the protection domain of art scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of accurate speed control device of vacuum speed governing casting process, described equipment include sealing container, sprue gate folding dress
Put, vacuum extractor, compressed gas filling device, liquid level decrease speed determine device, feedback signal reception device and control are
System；
The sealing container is used to store metal bath, and realizes that at smelting furnace or holding furnace metal bath is absorbed, in mould
Realize the cast of metal bath in place；
The sprue gate closing device to realize in the intake of metal bath, transfer, casting process sprue gate unlatching or
Close；
The vacuum extractor to realize the evacuation in sealing container, to the intake for realizing metal bath；
The compressed gas filling device is to realize the discharge of metal bath in casting process；
It is high to the actual liquid level for determining metal bath in sealing container in casting process that the liquid level decrease speed determines device
Degree and decrease speed；
The feedback signal reception device for by metal bath intake and discharge process in, metal melt liquid level in sealing container
Highly, sealing container enters in smelting furnace or holding furnace the data feedback such as melt depth to control system；
Startup/the stopping of the control system control vacuum extractor and sprue gate closing device, compressed gas filling device enter
The pressure value of circulation of qi promoting body filling.
2. the equipment described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is many and feedback signal that the liquid level decrease speed determines device
The interior metal liquid surface probing needle of reception device connection.
3. the equipment described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is one and feedback signal that the liquid level decrease speed determines device
The removable interior metal liquid surface probing needle of reception device connection.
4. the method that the accurate speed governing of vacuum speed governing casting process is carried out using equipment described in any one of claim 1-3, including
Following steps：
1) initial poring rate is preset value, the preset value of the poring rate by the pre-set gas pressure in sealing container come
Realize, the pre-set gas pressure is determined by following methods：
If default poring rate is v2, determined according to equation below (1) (2) and obtain v2It is default in required sealing container
Gas pressure intensity P1：
v2=Cv1 (2)
In above formula, P1For the default pressure of gas in sealed vessel, h is the real-time height of alloy melt liquid level, v1For sealed container interior
Alloy melt liquid level decrease speed, v2Flow velocity for alloy melt at sealing container bottom opening is poring rate v2, C is container
Tank diameter compares to sectional area and the initial of container tank bottom opening radial section product, density of the ρ for alloy melt, P0For atmospheric pressure, g
For acceleration of gravity.
2) in casting process, actual decrease speed v in monitoring sealing container inner metal liquid face1r, and filled by feedback signal reception
Put and feed back to control system, radial section at container tank radial section product and container tank opening is determined according to equation below (3) (4)
Long-pending actual ratio Cr。
v2r=Crv1r (4)
3) the actual ratio C according to radial section product at the container tank radial section product and container tank opening for determiningrTo sealing container
Interior pre-set gas pressure adjustment is adjusted, and method is by Cr, required poring rate v2And moment alloy melt liquid level is high at present
Degree h parameters, substitute into formula (1) (2), pressure P needed for obtaining in moment container up till now1r。
5. the method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that in casting process, is continually performed above step by control system
It is rapid 2) and step 3), so as to accurate adjustment to poring rate is realized in the change according to practical situation.
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| CN201611253249.9A CN106541121B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | A kind of accurate speed control device of vacuum speed governing casting process |
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| CN201611253249.9A CN106541121B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | A kind of accurate speed control device of vacuum speed governing casting process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114131051A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉轻工大学 | Metal melting extrusion deposition forming device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114131051A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉轻工大学 | Metal melting extrusion deposition forming device and method |
| CN114131051B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-09-22 | 武汉轻工大学 | Metal melt extrusion deposition forming device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106541121B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180605 Address after: 100191 A002 4, A002 A, Zhi Zhen mansion, 7 Zhichun Road, Beijing. Patentee after: Beijing hang Da Xin Wood Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100191 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, No. 37 Patentee before: Beihang University |