CN106532662A - Adaptive capacitor voltage-limiting high-voltage DC circuit breaker - Google Patents

Adaptive capacitor voltage-limiting high-voltage DC circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106532662A
CN106532662A CN201611119985.5A CN201611119985A CN106532662A CN 106532662 A CN106532662 A CN 106532662A CN 201611119985 A CN201611119985 A CN 201611119985A CN 106532662 A CN106532662 A CN 106532662A
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voltage
electric capacity
pressure regulation
capacitance
current
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CN201611119985.5A
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CN106532662B (en
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李凤婷
解超
路亮
陶仁峰
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Xinjiang University
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Xinjiang University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of high-voltage DC transmission and particularly relates to a design scheme of an adaptive capacitor voltage-limiting high-voltage DC circuit breaker. Two groups of capacitors are connected to two ends of a fracture of the circuit breaker in parallel, so that zero crossing of arc voltage and current is achieved through controllably incorporating new capacitors while the short-circuit current rise magnitude is limited, and the arc voltage and the current are limited within a relatively small amplitude range within a certain period of time; when a line normally runs, no current passes through a power electronic device, so that the power electronic loss of the circuit breaker is relatively small and the maintenance cost is low; and the original condition of relatively high fault current can be successfully broken within a relatively short period of time by virtue of current drawing and voltage limiting effects of voltage-dividing capacitors and comparison capacitors.

Description

A kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-voltage dc transmission electrical domain, more particularly to a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker Design.
Background technology
High-voltage AC transmission is compared, HVDC (HVDC) transmission of electricity is in the transmission of remote electric energy, unsynchronized networks interconnection, sea The aspects such as island power transmission, submarine cable transmission of electricity have a clear superiority.High voltage DC breaker is not only straight-flow system safe operation and guarantor The key equipment of shield, and the important prerequisite of development multi-terminal HVDC transmission.However, straight-flow system electric current does not have natural zero-crossing point, Its fault electric arc is difficult to extinguish, and greatly increases the technical difficulty of the quick disjunction of high voltage DC breaker.
Related scholar proposes many designs for high voltage DC breaker, is broadly divided into following three class：
(1) mechanical switch.During this high voltage DC breaker disjunction, reverse current produce branch road pass through self-oscillation or The mode of precharge concussion produces high frequency reverse current, forms artificial zero crossing, is that arc extinction creates conditions, and makes chopper point Section electric current.But this high voltage DC breaker forms artificial zero crossing needs a few tens of milliseconds, will to mechanical switch action rapidity Ask also higher.
(2) terminal full solid-state switch formula.This high voltage DC breaker directly is realized cut-offfing using power electronic devices.But it is electric On-state loss of the power electronic device when circuit normally runs is very big, and, single power electronic devices bearing capacity and current-carrying It is limited in one's ability, need substantial amounts of connection in series-parallel power electronic devices be allowed to be operated in rated range, make this high straightening Stream the involving great expense of chopper, big floor space, structure and control are complicated.
(3) it is hybrid.Mechanical switch and power electronic devices are combined by this high voltage DC breaker, during disjunction, will Fault current is transferred to solid-state switch branch road, realizes mechanical switch thick-less vane.This high voltage DC breaker is effectively evaded The shortcoming of above two chopper, realizes thick-less vane.But also there is larger power electronic devices on-state in this scheme It is higher that loss makes its maintenance cost remain unchanged, and control flow is still more complicated.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to problem above, it is proposed that a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker.The program is led to Cross in two group capacitor of breaker fracture two ends earth, while limiting short-circuit current ascensional range, by controllably Be incorporated to new electric capacity, realize arc voltage, current over-zero, and within a certain period of time by arc voltage, current limit one compared with In little amplitude range；When circuit normally runs, power electronic devices no current passes through, and makes proposed chopper power electronics loss Relatively small, maintenance cost is low；By derided capacitors and compare electric capacity draw stream and pressure limiting effect, can within a short period of time into The larger situation of work(disjunction script fault current.
The present invention proposes a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker, and particular content is as follows：
Generally, the voltage at electric capacity two ends can not be mutated.However, find through research, when two Initial Voltage Values When the electric capacity parallel connection not waited is connected, two electric capacity tie-point total electrical charges can not be mutated, it may appear that capacitance voltage is forced the feelings being mutated Condition.The present invention is by two groups of electric capacity of Fast mechanical switch two ends earth：Derided capacitors C01、C02And compare electric capacity C0, and To electric capacity C01New electric capacity in parallel：Pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2.After parallel connection, a terminal voltage descent amplitude of fracture parallel connection pressure regulation electric capacity It is as follows：
Wherein, uLFor the instantaneous voltage of circuit.
As a terminal voltage descent amplitude Δ u of fracture parallel connection pressure regulation electric capacityk1More than the fracture pressure drop before pressure regulation electric capacity in parallel uarcWhen, just can make fracture pressure drop zero passage and invert, so that another group of electric capacity back discharge, makes electric current that reversion zero passage also to occur. And by the reasonable selection to shunt capacitance, when putting into electric capacity, fracture voltage and electric current are kept at zero crossings, so as to reality Ready-made work(cut-offs.
Implement step as follows：
1) disjunction Fast mechanical switch, forms electric arc in incision position.
2) according to being incorporated to the fracture pressure drop u that first pressure regulation capacitance group moment measurearcAnd the instantaneous voltage u of circuitLIt is determined that Value C of first pressure regulation capacitance group1, reasonably combined intermediate capacitance is quickly incorporated to.First pressure regulation capacitance group C1The determination of size Method is as follows：
3) Jing 1ms time delays, detection flow through the electric current i of chopperkIf, ikIt is zero, then disjunction success cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, prepare action next time；ikIt is not zero, illustrates to be incorporated to C1Arc extinguishing fails, and is quickly incorporated to C2.Second Pressure regulation capacitance group C2The determination method of size is as follows：
Wherein uarc1For being incorporated to the fracture pressure drop that second pressure regulation capacitance group moment measure.
If 4) arc extinguishing success, disjunction success cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, preparation is moved next time Make；If arc extinguishing fails, pressure regulation electric capacity C is also cut off1And C2Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, second arc extinguishing is carried out.
The mechanical switch that the present invention is used is 500kV porcelain knob double-fracture choppers；Electric capacity is BA (F) MED20-500- 1W, and make which work in rated range by connection in series-parallel；IGBT adopts FZ1200R45KL3_B5, makes which also through connection in series-parallel It is operated in rated range.
It is characteristic of the invention that：Propose a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker design.The party Case has abandoned the method that existing three kinds of schemes use oscillating circuit to manufacture zero crossing and absorb short circuit current using bypass circuit, profit With the special case of electric capacity voltage jump, the mode of electric capacity realizes the mutation of fracture pressure drop in parallel, so as to force fracture voltage, electricity Flow through zero and invert, and make which maintain zero crossings, so as to realize that HVDC cut-offs.The program causes circuit normally to run When power electronic devices no current pass through, make that the loss of carried chopper power electronics is relatively small, maintenance cost is low.By partial pressure Electric capacity and compare electric capacity draw stream and pressure limiting effect, can larger feelings of successful disjunction script fault current within a short period of time Condition.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the electric capacity limited pressure high voltage DC breaker of design of the present invention；
Wherein, derided capacitors C01、C02；Relatively electric capacity C0；Pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2；Fast mechanical switch K；Buffering reactor L；Insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT；Zinc-Oxide Arrester MOA.
Arc voltage when Fig. 2 is wired foil earth fault and current simulations figure.
Arc voltage when Fig. 3 is 200 Ω high resistance earthing faults of circuit and current simulations figure.
Arc voltage when Fig. 4 is circuit two-stage short trouble and current simulations figure.
Fig. 5 is the arc voltage and current simulations figure when circuit normally runs.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker design, and particular content is as follows：
Generally, the voltage at electric capacity two ends can not be mutated.However, research finds, when two Initial Voltage Values Electric capacity it is in parallel when connecting, two electric capacity tie-point total electrical charges can not be mutated, it may appear that capacitance voltage is forced situation about being mutated.This Invention is by two groups of electric capacity of Fast mechanical switch two ends earth：Derided capacitors C01、C02And compare electric capacity C0, and to electric capacity C01New electric capacity in parallel：Pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2.After parallel connection, a terminal voltage descent amplitude of fracture parallel connection pressure regulation electric capacity is as follows：
Wherein, uLFor the instantaneous voltage of circuit.
As a terminal voltage descent amplitude Δ u of fracture parallel connection pressure regulation electric capacityk1More than the fracture pressure drop before pressure regulation electric capacity in parallel uarcWhen, just can make fracture pressure drop zero passage and invert, so that another group of electric capacity back discharge, makes electric current that reversion zero passage also to occur. And by the reasonable selection to shunt capacitance, when putting into electric capacity, fracture voltage and electric current are kept at zero crossings, so as to reality Ready-made work(cut-offs.
The mechanical switch that the present invention is used is 500kV porcelain knob double-fracture choppers；Electric capacity is BA (F) MED20-500- 1W, and make which work in rated range by connection in series-parallel；IGBT adopts FZ1200R45KL3_B5, makes which also through connection in series-parallel It is operated in rated range.
Implement step as follows：
1) disjunction Fast mechanical switch, forms electric arc in incision position.
2) according to being incorporated to the fracture pressure drop u that first pressure regulation capacitance group moment measurearcAnd the instantaneous voltage u of circuitLIt is determined that Value C of first pressure regulation capacitance group1, reasonably combined intermediate capacitance is quickly incorporated to.First pressure regulation capacitance group C1The determination of size Method is as follows：
3) Jing 1ms time delays, detection flow through the electric current i of chopperkIf, ikIt is zero, then disjunction success cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, prepare action next time；ikIt is not zero, illustrates to be incorporated to C1Arc extinguishing fails, and is quickly incorporated to C2.Second Pressure regulation capacitance group C2The determination method of size is as follows：
Wherein uarc1For being incorporated to the fracture pressure drop that second pressure regulation capacitance group moment measure.
If 4) arc extinguishing success, disjunction success cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, preparation is moved next time Make；If arc extinguishing fails, pressure regulation electric capacity C is also cut off1And C2Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, second arc extinguishing is carried out.
For the high voltage DC breaker design of electric capacity limited pressure shown in Fig. 1, implement detailed description as follows：
It is ± 500kV that the high voltage DC breaker is accessed electric pressure, and line length is 1000km, conveys power In the HVDC transmission line of 1000MW, for wired foil earth fault, 200 Ω high resistance earthing faults, the two poles of the earth short circuit event Chopper is carried out in the case of four kinds of barrier and normal operation to cut-off.
1) chopper disjunction during wired foil earth fault
There is metallic ground failure during the 3s of circuit midpoint, Fast mechanical switch disconnects during 3.02s, produce electric arc.Throw after 1ms Enter pressure regulation electric capacity C1；If arc extinguishing fails, pressure regulation electric capacity C is put into1Put into pressure regulation electric capacity C afterwards during 1ms2。
When measuring 3.02s, line voltage distribution is 466.85kV, and arc voltage is 6.01kV, according to formula：
, put into pressure regulation electric capacity C1Size be 567.60 μ F, be taken as 550 μ F.For embodying input pressure regulation electric capacity C2Effect Really, order input pressure regulation electric capacity C1Arc extinguishing fails, and when measuring 3.021s, arc voltage is 0.95kV, according to formula：
, put into pressure regulation electric capacity C2Size be 328.67 μ F, be taken as 350 μ F.By emulating, direct current interruption of the present invention Device can successful disjunction when circuit occurs metallic ground failure.
2) chopper disjunction during 200 Ω high resistance earthing faults of circuit
There are 200 Ω high resistance earthing faults during the 3s of circuit midpoint, breaker actuation, each element movement sequential is ibid.Ibid Method obtains pressure regulation electric capacity C1Size be 474.59 μ F, be taken as 450 μ F；Calculate to obtain pressure regulation electric capacity C2Size be 262.84 μ F, take For 250 μ F.By emulating, dc circuit breaker of the present invention also can successful disjunction when circuit occurs 200 Ω high resistance earthing faults.
3) chopper disjunction during the short trouble of circuit the two poles of the earth
There is the two poles of the earth short trouble during the 3s of circuit midpoint, breaker actuation, each element movement sequential is ibid.Ibid method is obtained To pressure regulation electric capacity C1Size be 1171.78 μ F, be taken as 1200 μ F；Calculate to obtain pressure regulation electric capacity C2Size be 1255.89 μ F, be taken as 1300μF.By emulating, dc circuit breaker of the present invention also can successful disjunction when circuit occurs the two poles of the earth short trouble.
4) chopper disjunction when circuit normally runs
Circuit normally runs, breaker actuation, and each element movement sequential is ibid.Ibid method obtains pressure regulation electric capacity C1It is big Little is 424.71 μ F, is taken as 400 μ F；Calculate to obtain pressure regulation electric capacity C2Size be 227.64 μ F, be taken as 250 μ F.By emulating, this Invention dc circuit breaker also can successful disjunction when circuit normally runs.
Above example is only illustrating technical scheme, rather than is limited；Although with reference to aforementioned reality Apply example to be described in detail the present invention, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can be to aforementioned enforcement Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent to which part technical characteristic；And these are changed or replace Change, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of claimed technical solution of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker, including Fast mechanical switch, buffers reactor, protection device MOA；Characterized in that, two groups of electric capacity of Fast mechanical switch two ends earth：Derided capacitors C01、C02And compare electric capacity C0；Point Voltage capacitance C01Two ends parallel connection pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2；After parallel connection, a terminal voltage descent amplitude of fracture parallel connection pressure regulation electric capacity is：
Δu k 1 = C 1 C 02 ( C 01 + C 1 ) ( C 01 + C 02 ) u L
Wherein, uLFor the instantaneous voltage of circuit.
2. a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker according to claim 1, its control method is：
1) disjunction Fast mechanical switch, forms electric arc in incision position；
2) according to being incorporated to the fracture pressure drop u that first pressure regulation capacitance group moment measurearcAnd the instantaneous voltage u of circuitLDetermine first Value C of individual pressure regulation capacitance group1, reasonably combined intermediate capacitance is quickly incorporated to；First pressure regulation capacitance group C1The determination method of size It is as follows：
C 1 = C 01 ( u a r c + 2 ) ( C 01 + C 02 ) u L C 02 - ( u a r c + 2 ) ( C 01 + C 02 )
3) Jing 1ms time delays, detection flow through the electric current i of chopperkIf, ikIt is zero, then disjunction success cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1Afterwards By its shorted on both ends, prepare action next time；ikIt is not zero, illustrates to be incorporated to C1Arc extinguishing fails, and is quickly incorporated to C2；Second pressure regulation Capacitance group C2The determination method of size is as follows：
C 2 = ( u a r c 1 + 2 ) ( C 01 + C 1 ) 2 ( C 01 + C 02 ) u L C 01 C 02 - ( u a r c 1 + 2 ) ( C 01 + C 1 ) ( C 01 + C 02 )
Wherein uarc1For being incorporated to the fracture pressure drop that second pressure regulation capacitance group moment measure；
If 4) arc extinguishing success, disjunction success cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, prepare action next time；Such as Fruit arc extinguishing fails, and also cuts off pressure regulation electric capacity C1And C2Afterwards by its shorted on both ends, second arc extinguishing is carried out.
3. a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that use Mechanical switch is 500kV porcelain knob double-fracture choppers.
4. a kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pressure regulation electricity Hold C1And C2One group of insulated gate bipolar transistor of respective series connection.
CN201611119985.5A 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 A kind of self-adapted capacitance limited pressure high voltage DC breaker Expired - Fee Related CN106532662B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110048366A (en) * 2019-04-11 2019-07-23 中国科学院电工研究所 Direct current current-limiting tripper
CN111244908A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-06-05 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Mechanical direct current breaker and control method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102360991A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-22 中国电力科学研究院 High voltage direct current breaker with multiple fractures and tandem type
CN103839710A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-06-04 中国科学院电工研究所 Mixed type direct current breaker

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102360991A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-22 中国电力科学研究院 High voltage direct current breaker with multiple fractures and tandem type
CN103839710A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-06-04 中国科学院电工研究所 Mixed type direct current breaker

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110048366A (en) * 2019-04-11 2019-07-23 中国科学院电工研究所 Direct current current-limiting tripper
CN110048366B (en) * 2019-04-11 2021-11-02 中国科学院电工研究所 DC current-limiting circuit breaker
CN111244908A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-06-05 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Mechanical direct current breaker and control method thereof

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