CN106528497B - 一种陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法 Download PDF

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CN106528497B
CN106528497B CN201610872502.2A CN201610872502A CN106528497B CN 106528497 B CN106528497 B CN 106528497B CN 201610872502 A CN201610872502 A CN 201610872502A CN 106528497 B CN106528497 B CN 106528497B
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王武尚
杨静
涂国荣
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Abstract

本发明涉及复合材料介电常数的模拟,特别涉及一种陶瓷‑有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数的模拟方法。本发明提供的陶瓷‑有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数的模拟方法,是在Logarithmic模型中引入陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n,得到改进Logarithmic模型,可在陶瓷体积分数0%至70%范围内更准确地模拟陶瓷‑有机聚合物复合薄膜的介电常数。

Description

一种陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合材料介电常数的模拟方法,特别是对陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数的模拟方法,可在陶瓷体积分数为0~70%范围内模拟复合薄膜的介电常数。
背景技术
陶瓷-聚合物复合材料是以分散的陶瓷颗粒填充到三维连通的聚合物基体中,形成的0-3型聚合物基复合材料。由于陶瓷颗粒与聚合物之间互不相容和制备工艺的限制,陶瓷颗粒在聚合物基体中是无规则分布,且存在不同程度的集结或团聚,实际上0-3型陶瓷-聚合物复合材料通常都是非均匀体系。因此,精确求解非均匀体系介电常数是一件非常困难的事情。自Maxwell利用电磁场理论建立了简单混合系统的介电模型100多年来,人们基于Maxwell方程或提出新的理论建立了若干计算非均匀体系介电常数的模型,如Maxwell-Garnett、Logarthimic、Clausius-Mossotti、Yamada、EMT、Bruggeman和EquivalentCapacitance等S.K.Patil,M.Y.Koledintseva,R.W.Schwartz,et al.Prediction ofdffective permittivity of diphasic dielectric using an equivalent capacitancemodel.J.Appl.Phys.,2008,104:074108;P.Thomas,K.T.Varughese,K.Dwarakanath,etal.Dielectric Properties of Poly(vinylidene Fluoride)/CaCu3Ti4O12Composites.Composites Science and Technology,2010,70:539-545.],这些模型都是在一定假设条件下推导并进行简化得出的。但是,由于非均匀体系复合材料结构本身的复杂性,绝大多数模型的适用性是非常有限的,只有在较低的陶瓷体积分数(<40%)时与实验数据吻合。存在的问题是当陶瓷体积分数大于40%时现有所有模拟方法预测的复合材料介电常数与实验数据相差很大。这是由于陶瓷颗粒在聚合物基体中是无规则分布的,存在各种大小不同,形状各异的团聚和集结,并且在很多情况下,陶瓷颗粒的大小,形状不均匀,具有一定的粒径分布和不规则的外形。
为了解决此问题,我们在Logarithmic模型中引入陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n,得到改进Logarithmic模型,通过相同工艺条件下的几次实验数据,求出陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n,可用已知参数n的改进Logarithmic模型在陶瓷体积分数0%至70%范围内更准确地预测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜的介电常数。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决当陶瓷体积分数大于40%时模拟预测的复合材料介电常数与实验数据相差很大的技术问题,提出一种可在陶瓷体积分数为0~70%范围内模拟复合薄膜的介电常数的方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是提供一种陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特殊之处在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:制备陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品;
步骤二:采用薄膜材料介电常数标准测量方法测量陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品、陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品中所用陶瓷和聚合物材料的介电常数;
步骤三:将陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的介电常数ε,聚合物的介电常数ε1,陶瓷的介电常数ε2,复合薄膜中陶瓷颗粒的体积分数f代入改进Logarithmic模型的表达式中,用最小二乘法求出陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n;
所述改进Logarithmic模型的表达式为lnε=(1-nf)lnε1+nflnε2
步骤四:确定形状因子n后,得到改进Logarithmic模型的数学表达式,lnε'=(1-nf')lnε1'+nf'lnε2',式中ε'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数,ε1'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品中所用聚合物的介电常数,ε2'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品中所用陶瓷的介电常数,f'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜中陶瓷颗粒的体积分数。
上述步骤二测量至少3个不同陶瓷体积分数陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的介电常数,代入改进Logarithmic模型的表达式用最小二乘法求解n。
上述有机聚合物是指含氟聚合物。
上述陶瓷为铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅(PMN-PT)、CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO)、钛酸钡(BT)、钛酸锶(ST)、钛酸锶钡(BST)或铌镁酸铅(PMN)等陶瓷粉。
上述步骤一陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的制备采用溶液流延法或熔融共混扎膜法,溶液流延法可以制备出10~50μm的复合薄膜。
上述溶液流延法制备陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的方法中有机聚合物具体为聚偏二氟乙烯即PVDF;陶瓷为铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅、CaCu3Ti4O12、钛酸钡、钛酸锶、钛酸锶钡或铌镁酸铅等陶瓷粉;
采用溶液流延法制备陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的方法包括以下步骤:
步骤a:称取一定量的PVDF溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,PVDF的重量体积浓度为3~20%;
步骤b:将PVDF溶液转入50mL球磨罐中,按陶瓷颗粒体积分数计加入硅烷化陶瓷粉;
步骤c:在行星球磨机上以600r/min球磨混合10h以上,得到均匀的复合材料浆液;
步骤d:将制备的浆液立即倾倒在干净的玻璃板或聚酯薄膜上,用流延刮刀刮平;
步骤e:将步骤d)的样品置于干燥箱中干燥除去溶剂,控制温度为40~90℃干燥时间2h以上;
步骤f:从玻璃板或聚酯薄膜基板上剥离陶瓷-PVDF复合薄膜。
优选的,上述步骤a中PVDF的重量体积浓度为5~10%。
优选的,上述步骤e中控制温度范围为60~80℃。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明采用引入陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n,得到改进Logarithmic模型,扩展了模拟陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数的范围,可在陶瓷体积分数0%至70%范围内更准确地模拟陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜的介电常数。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中改进Logarithmic模型与Logarithmic模型模拟结果比较;
图2为实施例2中改进Logarithmic模型与Logarithmic模型模拟结果比较。
具体实施方式
实施例1
有机聚合物为PVDF,介电常数ε1=10.1,陶瓷颗粒为PMN-PT陶瓷粉的介电常数ε2=12600,不同陶瓷颗粒体积分数f的PMN-PT-PVDF复合薄膜介电常数的实测值见表1。将实验数据代入改进Logarithmic模型的表达式中,求出陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n=0.5754。不同陶瓷颗粒体积分数f的PMN-PT-PVDF复合薄膜介电常数的计算值见表1。PMN-PT-PVDF复合薄膜的介电常数模拟结果见图1。由模拟结果可以看出,引入陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n后,改进Logarithmic模型可以在陶瓷体积分数0%至70%范围内更准确地模拟陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜的介电常数。
表1实施例1中不同陶瓷颗粒体积分数的PMN-PT-PVDF复合薄膜的介电常数实测值和计算值
实施例2
有机聚合物为PVDF,介电常数ε1=10.1,陶瓷颗粒为CCTO陶瓷粉的介电常数ε2=10500,不同陶瓷颗粒体积分数f的CCTO-PVDF复合薄膜介电常数的实测值见表2。将实验数据代入改进Logarithmic模型的表达式中,求出陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n=0.5894。不同陶瓷颗粒体积分数f的CCTO-PVDF复合薄膜介电常数的计算值见表2。CCTO-PVDF复合薄膜的介电常数模拟结果见图2。由模拟结果可以看出,引入陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n后,改进Logarithmic模型可以在陶瓷体积分数0%至70%范围内更准确地模拟陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜的介电常数。
表2实施例2中不同陶瓷颗粒体积分数的CCTO-PVDF复合薄膜的介电常数实测值和计算值

Claims (8)

1.一种陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:制备陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品;
步骤二:采用薄膜材料介电常数标准测量方法测量陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品、陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品中所用陶瓷和聚合物材料的介电常数;
步骤三:将陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的介电常数ε,聚合物的介电常数ε1,陶瓷的介电常数ε2,复合薄膜中陶瓷颗粒的体积分数f代入改进Logarithmic模型的表达式中,求出陶瓷颗粒的形状因子n;
所述改进Logarithmic模型的表达式为lnε=(1-nf)lnε1+nflnε2
步骤四:确定形状因子n后,得到改进Logarithmic模型的数学表达式lnε'=(1-nf')lnε1'+nf'lnε2',式中ε'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数,ε1'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品中所用聚合物的介电常数,ε2'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品中所用陶瓷的介电常数,f'为待测陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜中陶瓷颗粒的体积分数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二测量至少3个不同陶瓷体积分数陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的介电常数,代入改进Logarithmic模型的表达式用最小二乘法求解n。
3.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:所述有机聚合物为含氟聚合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:所述陶瓷为铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅、CaCu3Ti4O12、钛酸钡、钛酸锶、钛酸锶钡或铌镁酸铅陶瓷粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的制备采用溶液流延法或熔融共混扎膜法。
6.根据权利要求5所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:所述溶液流延法制备陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜样品的方法中有机聚合物具体为聚偏二氟乙烯即PVDF;陶瓷为铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅、CaCu3Ti4O12、钛酸钡、钛酸锶、钛酸锶钡或铌镁酸铅陶瓷粉;
制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤a:称取一定量的PVDF溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,PVDF的重量体积浓度为3~20%;
步骤b:将PVDF溶液转入50mL球磨罐中,按陶瓷颗粒体积分数计加入硅烷化陶瓷粉;
步骤c:在行星球磨机上以600r/min球磨混合10h以上,得到均匀的复合材料浆液;
步骤d:将制备的浆液立即倾倒在干净的玻璃板或聚酯薄膜上,用流延刮刀刮平;
步骤e:将步骤d)的样品置于干燥箱中干燥除去溶剂,控制温度为40~90℃干燥时间2h以上;
步骤f:从玻璃板或聚酯薄膜基板上剥离陶瓷-PVDF复合薄膜。
7.根据权利要求6所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:步骤a中PVDF的重量体积浓度为5~10%。
8.根据权利要求6所述的陶瓷-有机聚合物复合薄膜介电常数模拟方法,其特征在于:步骤e中控制温度范围为60~80℃。
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