CN106528226B

CN106528226B - Installation method and device of operating system

Info

Publication number: CN106528226B
Application number: CN201610970194.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张红星
Original assignee: New H3C Information Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: New H3C Information Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-10-31
Filing date: 2016-10-31
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2036-10-31
Also published as: CN106528226A

Abstract

The application provides an installation method and device of an operating system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a file ID of a mirror image file which needs to be installed and is sent by a host; after receiving an instruction sent by the host for instructing to acquire the image file, reading the image file indicated by the file ID so that the host installs the operating system by using the read image file.

Description

Installation method and device of operating system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of software technologies, and in particular, to an installation method and an installation device for an operating system.

Background

Currently, when installing an operating system for a server, it is generally necessary to store an image file of the operating system to be installed in a PC (Personal Computer), and then connect the PC (Personal Computer) to a BMC (Baseboard Management Controller) of the server through a local area network. The PC operates the server in a KVM (Keyboard, video, mouse) manner, so that the server acquires an image file from the PC through the local area network, and installs an operating system using the image file.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides an installation method and apparatus for an operating system.

Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, an installation method of an operating system is provided, where a server that needs to install the operating system includes: the method is applied to the BMC and comprises the following steps:

receiving a file ID of a mirror image file which needs to be installed and is sent by a host;

after receiving an instruction sent by the host for instructing to acquire the image file, reading the image file indicated by the file ID so that the host installs the operating system by using the read image file.

On the other hand, an installation device of the operating system is also provided, and a server needing to install the operating system comprises: host computer and BMC, host computer and IO equipment are connected, and the device is applied to in the BMC, and the device includes:

the receiving unit is used for receiving the file ID of the mirror image file which is sent by the host and needs to be installed;

and the reading unit is used for reading the image file indicated by the file ID received by the receiving unit after receiving the instruction which is sent by the host and used for indicating to acquire the image file, so that the host can install the operating system by using the read image file.

Through the technical scheme, the installation of the operating system can be carried out on the server on the premise of not depending on a PC.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for installing an operating system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a firmware version upgrade method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a server according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of installing the Linux operating system based on FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a specific implementation of step S305 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for upgrading a firmware version of a CPLD based on the method of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of an operating system installation apparatus;

fig. 8 is another structural diagram of an installation apparatus of an operating system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.

The embodiment of the application provides an installation method of an operating system and an installation device of the operating system, wherein the installation method can be applied to the operating system, so that the installation of the operating system of a server is realized on the premise of not depending on a PC. In the following embodiments of the present application, the server that needs to install the operating system includes: the system comprises a host and a Baseboard Management Controller (BMC), wherein IO (input/output) devices such as a display, a mouse, a keyboard and the like are connected to the host, and the IO devices can control a server and display server information. The image file of the operating system is stored in a storage medium such as a hard disk or a memory in the server, or the image file of the operating system is stored in a removable storage device accessed to the server, which is not limited in the present application. When the image file of the operating system is stored in a removable storage device of the access server, the removable storage device may specifically be a USB disk, a removable hard disk, or an SD (Secure Digital) memory card, and these removable storage devices may be accessed to a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface of the BMC.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for installing the operating system executed by the BMC includes the following steps:

step S101, receiving a file ID of a mirror image file required to be installed and sent by a host;

the file ID may be a file name.

In one case, the host may first send a command for instructing to acquire an image file ID to the BMC, after receiving the command, the BMC acquires a file ID list of the image file, sends the acquired file ID list to the host, and is displayed by the host through the IO device, so that the user may select a file ID of the image file to be installed from the file ID list, and after the user finishes selecting, the host sends the file ID selected by the user to the BMC. Subsequently, when the operating system is installed again, since the file ID list is already stored in the host, the host can directly display the file ID list and make a selection by the user.

In another case, the host locally stores a file ID list of the image file, displays the file ID list through the IO device, and is selected by the user, and then sends the file ID selected by the user to the BMC.

Step S102, after receiving the instruction sent by the host computer for instructing to acquire the image file, reading the image file indicated by the file ID received in step S101, so that the host computer can use the read image file to install the operating system.

Specifically, in step S102, after reading the image file, the BMC may first save the image file to a bootable medium on the BMC, and then the host may install the operating system using the image file in the bootable medium, that is, in the installation process, when some files and programs need to be acquired, a command for acquiring the files and programs is sent to the BMC, and after receiving the command, the BMC sends the corresponding files and programs in the image file stored in the bootable medium to the host. The image files needing to be installed are cached in the bootable medium, so that the installation efficiency of the operating system can be improved. The bootable medium may be a virtual disk device such as a virtual optical drive, a virtual hard disk, a virtual floppy disk, and the like.

Or, in step S102, the BMC may not cache the image file after reading the image file, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In addition, since the server further includes multiple types of Firmware (Firmware), for example, BMC Firmware, BIOS Firmware, and CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) Firmware, the method according to the embodiment of the present application may further perform version update on the Firmware. At this time, the firmware upgrade file is stored in a storage medium in the server or a removable storage device accessed to the BMC. At this time, as shown in fig. 2, the firmware upgrading method executed by the BMC includes the following steps:

step S201, after receiving a firmware ID of a firmware needing to be updated sent by a host, obtaining a file ID of a firmware upgrade file corresponding to the firmware ID, sending the obtained file ID to the host so that the host can display the file ID through IO equipment, and selecting the file ID of the firmware upgrade file needing to be installed from the file IDs by a user;

the firmware ID may be a type of firmware, among others.

Specifically, in step S201, the BMC traverses the storage medium in the server or all the firmware upgrade files corresponding to the firmware ID in the removable storage device accessed to the BMC, and acquires the file ID of each traversed firmware upgrade file corresponding to the firmware ID, and in addition, may also acquire the storage path of the firmware upgrade file.

Step S202, receiving a file ID selected by a user from a host;

step S203, reads the firmware upgrade file indicated by the received file ID, and upgrades the firmware using the read firmware upgrade file.

Specifically, in step S203, the BMC reads the firmware upgrade file according to the file ID received in step S202 and the storage path of the firmware upgrade file indicated by the file ID obtained in step S201, and then the BMC may upgrade the corresponding firmware using the firmware upgrade file.

The following describes the installation method of the operating system and the firmware upgrade method in detail by taking as an example that the image file and the firmware upgrade file are stored in the removable storage device, the removable storage device is a usb disk, and the operating system to be installed is a Linux operating system.

As shown in fig. 3, the server includes a host and a BMC, and the host includes a CPU (Central processing unit) and a PCH (integrated south bridge). Connecting IO equipment such as a display, a mouse, a keyboard and the like on the PCH, and controlling the server and displaying information of the server; the method comprises the steps that a USB flash disk is accessed to a USB interface of a BMC, an image file of a Linux operating system is stored in the USB flash disk, and the file name of the image file is iso file1 for convenience of description.

The PCH starts a USB Host function, and correspondingly, the BMC starts a USB Slave function; in addition, since the BMC has access to the USB disk, in this embodiment of the application, the USB Host function of the BMC may be started in the BMC by using the USB Host function of the BMC, and at this time, the USB disk is a USB Slave. The USB Slave module used for realizing the USB Slave function in the BMC is virtualized into a virtual disk device.

As shown in fig. 4, the method for installing the Linux operating system includes the following steps:

step S301, after the server is powered on, starting to run a BIOS (Basic Input Output System), and after entering a BIOS installation Interface, the BIOS sends an IPMI (Intelligent platform management Interface) command for instructing to acquire a name of a mirror file to the BMC through a KCS (Keyboard Controller mode) channel;

specifically, the manner of sending the IPMI command to the BMC by the BIOS through the KCS channel may be: the BIOS stores the IPMI command into a memory (not shown in FIG. 3), and the CPU reads the IPMI command from the memory and sends the IPMI command to the PCH, and the PCH sends the IPMI command to the BMC through the KCS channel.

Step S302, after receiving the IPMI command, the BMC traverses all the image files in the U disk through the USB channel, acquires the file names and the storage paths of the image files, and feeds back the IPMI command carrying the acquired file names to the BIOS through the KCS channel so that the BIOS displays the file names through the installation interface;

the mode for BMC to feed back IPMI command to BIOS through KCS channel can be: the BMC sends the IPMI command to the PCH through the KCS channel, the PCH sends the IPMI command to the CPU, the CPU receives the IPMI command and then stores the IPMI command in the memory, and the BIOS reads the IPMI command from the memory. In step S302, after receiving the IPMI command carrying the file name obtained by the BMC, the BIOS displays the file names through the installation interface, and the user may select the file name of the image file to be installed.

Step S303, selecting a file name iso file1 of an image file to be installed in an installation interface, setting a starting option to be started from the virtual disk device, clicking to determine installation, and then sending an IPMI command carrying the file name iso file1 to the BMC through a KCS channel by the BIOS;

step S304, after the BMC receives the IPMI command carrying the filename iso file1, the filename iso file1 is saved;

step S305, the BIOS sends an SCSI (Small computer System Interface) instruction for indicating to acquire the image file to the BMC through the USB channel, and after the BMC receives the SCSI instruction, the BMC acquires the image file from the U disk according to the locally stored filename iso file1 and the storage path of the image file with the filename iso file1 acquired in the step S302 and stores the image file in the virtual disk device on the BMC;

specifically, the PCH has a USB Host module for implementing the USB Host function, and the BMC has a USB Host module for implementing the USB Host function, a USB Slave module as a virtual disk device, and a CDServer process (a virtual disk server process) for transceiving data related to the virtual disk device, at this time, as shown in fig. 5, in order to implement step S305, an interaction flow among the USB Host module in the PCH, the virtual disk device in the BMC, the CDServer process in the BMC, the USB Host module in the BMC, and the USB disk is as follows:

step S401, a USB Host module in the PCH sends an SCSI instruction for indicating to acquire the image file through a USB channel;

step S402, the virtual disk device in the BMC receives and stores the SCSI instruction, the CDServer process reads the SCSI instruction from the virtual disk device and sends the SCSI instruction to the USB Host module in the BMC;

step S403, after receiving the SCSI instruction, the USB Host module in the BMC reads a mirror image file with a file name iso file1 from the U disk;

step S404, the USB Host module in the BMC sends the read mirror image file with the file name iso file1 to the CDServer process;

in step S405, the CDServer process stores the image file with the file name iso file1 in the virtual disk device.

Step S306, the BIOS receives installation parameters input by a user through an installation interface, an IPMI command carrying the installation parameters is sent to the BMC through a KCS channel, and after the BMC receives the IPMI command, an installation script file containing the installation parameters is generated and stored in a configuration file;

the installation script file may be a kiskstart. cfg file, and the installation parameter may be a partition hard disk, an input time zone, a user name and a password, which are required in the process of installing the operating system. Automatic installation of the operating system can be achieved by installing a script file.

Step S307, the BIOS is started from the virtual disk device, and the Linux operating system is installed using the image file with the filename isofile1 in the virtual disk device of the BMC and the installation script file in the configuration file.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the method of upgrading firmware includes the steps of:

step S501, after the server is powered on, the BIOS is started to operate, after the BIOS firmware updating interface is entered, the type of the firmware to be updated is selected to be CPLD firmware in the firmware updating interface, and the BIOS sends an IPMI command carrying the CPLD firmware type to the BMC through a KCS channel;

step S502, after receiving the IPMI command, the BMC traverses the firmware upgrading files corresponding to the CPLD firmware types in the U disk, acquires file names and storage paths of the firmware upgrading files, and feeds back the IPMI command carrying the acquired file names to the BIOS through a KCS channel so that the BIOS displays the file names through a firmware updating interface;

in step S502, after receiving the IPMI command carrying the file name acquired by the BMC, the BIOS displays the file names through the firmware update interface, and the user may select the file name of the firmware upgrade file to be installed.

Step S503, selecting a file name file2 of a firmware upgrading file to be installed in a firmware updating interface, clicking to determine updating, and then sending an IPMI command carrying a CPLD firmware type and a file name file2 to the BMC by the BIOS through a KCS channel;

in step S504, the BMC reads the firmware upgrade file with the file name of file2 corresponding to the CPLD firmware type from the usb disk, stores the firmware upgrade file in the memory of the BMC, and upgrades the CPLD firmware using the firmware upgrade file in the memory.

During the upgrade process, the BIOS may send an IPMI command indicating the relevant information of the upgrade process in the query step S504 to the BMC through the KCS channel at regular time, and after receiving the IPMI command, the BMC may feed back the relevant information to the BIOS, so that the BIOS displays the information through the installation and update interface. The related information may be an upgrade progress and an upgrade status.

The method of the embodiment of the application realizes the following technical effects:

(1) the installation of the operating system and the firmware version upgrading can be carried out on the server on the premise of not depending on a PC.

(2) The user can directly input the installation parameters required in the installation process of the operating system, and the BMC in the server automatically generates an installation script file containing the installation parameters, so that the automatic installation of the operating system is realized by using the installation script file.

(3) By using the USB Host function of the BMC, it is possible to install the operating system using the removable storage device, and in addition, it is also possible to implement the diagnostic function of the server, for example, the diagnostic device is inserted into the USB interface of the BMC, so that the BMC can output the server status information to the display screen of the diagnostic device, so that the user can view the server status information.

Corresponding to the embodiment of the installation method of the operating system, the application also provides an embodiment of an installation device of the operating system. The server needing to install the operating system comprises: the system comprises a host and a BMC, wherein the host is connected with IO equipment. The installation device of the operating system in the embodiment of the application is applied to BMC.

Referring to fig. 7, the installation apparatus of the operating system according to the embodiment of the present application includes the following units:

a receiving unit 701, configured to receive a file ID of an image file to be installed, sent by a host;

a reading unit 702, configured to, after receiving an instruction sent by the host to instruct to acquire the image file, read the image file indicated by the file ID received by the receiving unit 701, so that the host installs the operating system using the read image file.

The reading unit 701 is further configured to save the read image file to a bootable medium on the BMC. The bootable medium may be a virtual disk device.

As shown in fig. 8, the installation apparatus of the operating system may further include: an acquisition unit 703, wherein:

a receiving unit 701, further configured to receive a command sent by a host for instructing to acquire an image file ID;

an obtaining unit 703 is configured to, after the receiving unit 701 receives the command instructing to obtain the image file ID, obtain the file ID of the image file, send the obtained file ID to the host, so that the host displays the file ID through the IO device, and a user selects the file ID of the image file to be installed from the file IDs.

As shown in fig. 8, the installation apparatus of the operating system may further include: a generating unit 704, wherein:

the receiving unit 701 is further configured to receive an installation parameter input by a user through an IO device from a host;

a generating unit 704, configured to generate an installation script file including the installation parameters after the receiving unit 701 receives the installation parameters, so that the host installs the operating system using the installation script file and the image file read by the reading unit 702.

The receiving unit 701 is further configured to receive a firmware ID of the firmware to be updated, which is sent by the host; the host is also used for receiving the file ID selected by the user from the host;

the obtaining unit 703 is further configured to, after the receiving unit 701 receives the firmware ID, obtain a file ID of the firmware upgrade file corresponding to the firmware ID, send the obtained file ID to the host, so that the host displays the file ID through the IO device, and a user selects a file ID of the firmware upgrade file to be installed from the file IDs;

the reading unit 702 is further configured to, after the receiving unit 701 receives the file ID selected by the user, read the firmware upgrade file indicated by the file ID, and upgrade the firmware using the read firmware upgrade file.

As shown in fig. 8, the installation apparatus of the operating system may further include: a sending unit 705, wherein:

a receiving unit 701, further configured to receive a command sent by the host computer for querying related information of the upgrade process;

the sending unit 705 is further configured to, after the receiving unit 701 receives the command for querying the relevant information of the upgrade process, return the relevant information to the host, so that the host displays the relevant information through the IO device.

The image file is stored in a storage medium in the server or a removable storage device accessed to the server; the firmware upgrade file is stored in a storage medium in the server or in a removable storage device that is accessed to the server.

When the removable storage device accesses the BMC through the USB interface, the reading unit 702 includes: the system comprises a USB Slave module, a virtual disk server process module and a USBHost module which are virtualized into virtual disk equipment, wherein:

the USB Slave module is used for saving an instruction which is sent by the host and used for indicating to acquire the image file after receiving the instruction;

the virtual disk server process module is used for reading an instruction for indicating to acquire the mirror image file from the USB Slave module and sending the instruction to the USB Host module; the USB Host module is also used for storing the image file into the USB Slave module after receiving the image file sent by the USB Host module;

and the USB Host module is used for reading the image file needing to be installed from the movable storage equipment after receiving the instruction for indicating to acquire the image file, and sending the image file to the virtual disk server process module.

The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.

For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An installation method of an operating system is characterized in that a server needing to install the operating system comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a host and a Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) are provided, the host is connected with input/output (IO) equipment, and the method is applied to the BMC and comprises the following steps:

receiving a file identifier ID of a mirror image file to be installed sent by an integrated south bridge PCH in the Host, starting a Host function of a USB master device by the PCH, starting a Slave function of a USB Slave device by the BMC, and virtualizing a USB Slave module used for realizing the USBSlave function in the BMC into a virtual disk device;

after receiving an instruction sent by the Host for instructing to acquire an image file, reading the image file indicated by the file ID from a removable storage device accessed to the BMC through a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, and storing the image file in a virtual disk device of the BMC, so that the Host can install the operating system by using the image file in the virtual disk device of the BMC, and the BMC has a USB Host device Host function when being accessed to the removable storage device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the virtual disk device is a bootable media.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a command sent by the host for indicating to acquire an image file ID;

and acquiring the file ID of the image file, sending the acquired file ID to the host so that the host can display the file through the IO equipment, and selecting the file ID of the image file to be installed from the acquired file ID by a user.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving installation parameters input by a user through the IO equipment and sent by the host computer;

and generating an installation script file containing the installation parameters so that the host can install the operating system by using the installation script file and the read image file.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

after receiving a firmware ID of a firmware to be updated sent by the host, acquiring a file ID of a firmware upgrade file corresponding to the firmware ID, sending the acquired file ID to the host, so that the host can display the file ID through the IO equipment, and selecting the file ID of the firmware upgrade file to be installed from the acquired file ID by a user;

receiving a file ID selected by a user from the host;

and reading the firmware upgrading file indicated by the received file ID, and upgrading the firmware by using the read firmware upgrading file.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

after receiving a command for inquiring the relevant information of the upgrading process sent by the host computer, returning the relevant information to the host computer so that the host computer can display the relevant information through the IO equipment.

7. The method of claim 5,

the firmware upgrade file is stored in a storage medium in the server or in a removable storage device that is accessed to the server.

8. An installation device of an operating system, characterized in that a server needing to install the operating system comprises: host computer and base plate management controller BMC, the host computer is connected with input/output IO equipment, the device is applied to in the BMC, the device includes:

a receiving unit, configured to receive a file identifier ID of an image file to be installed, where the image file is sent by an integrated south bridge PCH in the Host, the PCH starts a Host function of a USB Host device, the BMC starts a Slave function of a USB Slave device, and a USB Slave module in the BMC, which is used for implementing the USB Slave function, is virtualized as a virtual disk device;

the reading unit is used for reading the image file indicated by the file ID received by the receiving unit from a removable storage device which is accessed to the BMC through a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface after receiving an instruction which is sent by the Host and used for indicating to acquire the image file, and storing the image file in the virtual disk device of the BMC so that the Host can install the operating system by using the image file in the virtual disk device of the BMC, and the BMC has a USB main device Host function when being accessed to the removable storage device.

9. The apparatus of claim 8,

the virtual disk device is a bootable medium.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising: an acquisition unit, wherein:

the receiving unit is further used for receiving a command which is sent by the host and used for indicating to acquire an image file ID;

the obtaining unit is configured to obtain a file ID of the image file after the receiving unit receives the command for instructing to obtain the image file ID, and send the obtained file ID to the host, so that the host displays the file ID through the IO device, and a user selects the file ID of the image file to be installed from the obtained file ID.

11. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising: a generating unit, wherein:

the receiving unit is further configured to receive an installation parameter input by the user through the IO device from the host;

the generating unit is configured to generate an installation script file including the installation parameters after the receiving unit receives the installation parameters, so that the host computer installs the operating system using the installation script file and the image file read by the reading unit.

12. The apparatus of claim 8,

the receiving unit is further configured to receive a firmware ID of the firmware to be updated, which is sent by the host; the host is also used for receiving the file ID selected by the user from the host;

the obtaining unit is further configured to obtain a file ID of a firmware upgrade file corresponding to the firmware ID after the receiving unit receives the firmware ID, and send the obtained file ID to the host, so that the host displays the file ID through the IO device, and a user selects the file ID of the firmware upgrade file to be installed from the obtained file ID;

the reading unit is further configured to read the firmware upgrade file indicated by the file ID after the receiving unit receives the file ID selected by the user, and upgrade the firmware by using the read firmware upgrade file.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising: a transmitting unit, wherein:

the receiving unit is further used for receiving a command which is sent by the host computer and used for inquiring the relevant information of the upgrading process;

the sending unit is further configured to return the relevant information to the host after the receiving unit receives the command for querying the relevant information of the upgrade process, so that the host displays the relevant information through the IO device.