CN106525518B - Airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing pressure of sampling system and application thereof - Google Patents

Airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing pressure of sampling system and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106525518B
CN106525518B CN201611243508.XA CN201611243508A CN106525518B CN 106525518 B CN106525518 B CN 106525518B CN 201611243508 A CN201611243508 A CN 201611243508A CN 106525518 B CN106525518 B CN 106525518B
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China
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pipe
sampling
sampling system
radial
airborne
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CN106525518A (en
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杨小阳
吕连宏
马瑾
刘世杰
张玮琦
程苗苗
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2273Atmospheric sampling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2273Atmospheric sampling
    • G01N2001/2279Atmospheric sampling high altitude, e.g. rockets, balloons

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing the pressure of the sampling system and application thereof, wherein the airborne sampling system comprises an airborne sampling head, a computer, a sampling main pipe, a pump and a pressure gauge, the airborne sampling head comprises a T-shaped pipe, the end parts of transverse pipe orifices and radial pipe orifices on two sides in the T-shaped pipe are both of an opening structure, the inner diameter of the pipe orifice on one side in the transverse pipe orifice is smaller than that of the pipe orifice on the other side, a bulge is arranged at a position close to the radial pipe orifice in the pipe orifice on the other side, the radial pipe orifice of the airborne sampling head, the sampling main pipe and the pump are sequentially connected, the pressure gauge is arranged on the sampling main pipe, and the computer is respectively connected with the pump; the airborne sampling system capable of preventing water vapor from condensing and flowing backwards is applied to collecting and monitoring air outside an aircraft cabin. By using the airborne sampling head disclosed by the invention, the water vapor condensed from the water vapor can be effectively prevented from being gathered at the air inlet, so that the efficiency and the quality of sample collection are improved.

Description

Airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing pressure of sampling system and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sampling components, in particular to an airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing the pressure of the sampling system and application thereof.
Background
Since the invention of the airplane, the airplane increasingly becomes an indispensable vehicle for modern civilization, the airplane profoundly changes and influences the life of people, and the history of conquering blue sky by people is opened. However, since the aircraft flies in the air, there is a very high demand for safety. Since the components of the aircraft and the flight conditions are influenced by the external environment, it is very important to monitor the conditions of the external environment at any time. At present, most of air inlets arranged outside the cabin are T-shaped pipes, as shown in fig. 1, however, in the sampling process of the air inlets, due to the influence of temperature and pressure, water vapor in the air can be condensed into water vapor and is gathered at the junction of the T-shaped pipes, and therefore sampling of the air inlets is influenced. Particularly, in the case of high-speed flight of an aircraft, when air outside the cabin enters the air inlet, the phenomenon of water vapor condensation is more likely to occur. When the sampling instrument sucks in the water vapor, the test result is greatly influenced. In addition, because the aircraft flies at high altitude and high speed, the pressure in the external environment is low, and the difference of the pressure of the collected sample can cause great influence on the detection result and the detection instrument.
Therefore, there is a need for a device that can avoid condensation of water vapor on the tube wall, reduce measurement errors, and is low cost and capable of detecting the sampling pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that in the prior art, due to the influence of temperature and pressure, water vapor in air can be condensed into water vapor which is gathered at an air inlet, so that the sampling of the air inlet is influenced, and the difference of sampling pressure has great influence on a detection result and a detection instrument, and provides an airborne sampling system capable of preventing water vapor from being condensed and flowing backwards.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing the pressure of the sampling system, the sampling system includes an airborne sampling head, a computer, a sampling header pipe, a pump and a pressure gauge, the airborne sampling head includes a T-shaped pipe, wherein the ends of the lateral pipe orifice and the radial pipe orifice on two sides in the T-shaped pipe are both in an open structure, the inner diameter of the pipe orifice on one side in the lateral pipe orifice is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe orifice on the other side, a protrusion is arranged at a position close to the radial pipe orifice in the pipe orifice on the other side, the radial pipe orifice of the airborne sampling head, the sampling header pipe and the pump are sequentially connected, the pressure gauge is arranged on the sampling header pipe, and.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the one-side nozzle near the inner end of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter near the outer end of the tube.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the other side nozzle near the inner end of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter near the outer end of the tube.
Preferably, the airborne sampling head further comprises an air inlet nozzle, wherein the air inlet nozzle is fixed at the inner end of the tube of the side tube opening.
Preferably, the position of one end of the air inlet nozzle far away from the inner end of the pipe exceeds the vertical position of the radial nozzle of the T-shaped pipe.
Preferably, the internal diameter of the nozzle is greater proximate the inner end of the tube than distal therefrom.
Preferably, the sampling monitoring device further comprises a plurality of detection instruments, and the detection instruments are respectively and independently connected with the sampling header pipe.
On the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing the pressure of the sampling system in collecting and monitoring the air outside the aircraft cabin.
By using the airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing the pressure of the sampling system, the water vapor condensed by the water vapor can be effectively prevented from being gathered at the air inlet, so that the efficiency and the quality of the sample collection are improved. In addition, the device has simple structure and easy disassembly and assembly, can be used for collecting samples, can monitor the pressure of the samples in real time, has good protection effect on various instruments, and is particularly suitable for the environments of high altitude and other low pressure.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a prior art airborne sampling head;
FIG. 2 is an onboard sampling head of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an onboard sampling head of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an onboard sampling system capable of preventing condensation and backflow of moisture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1T-shaped pipe 2 air inlet nozzle
3 protruding 4 computer
5 sampling header 6 pump
6 pressure gauge 8 detecting instrument
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein. In this context, when comparing the inner diameters of the orifices or of the ends of a single orifice, it is to be understood that the two are coaxial or substantially coaxial, and further, when the inner diameter of one of the compared orifices is non-uniform, the smallest inner diameter of that orifice is taken as the inner diameter of that orifice.
The invention provides an airborne sampling system capable of preventing condensation and backflow of water vapor, which comprises an airborne sampling head, a computer 4, a sampling header pipe 5, a pump 6 and a pressure gauge 7, wherein the airborne sampling head comprises a T-shaped pipe 1, the end parts of transverse pipe orifices and radial pipe orifices on two sides in the T-shaped pipe 1 are both in an open structure, the inner diameter of the pipe orifice on one side in the transverse pipe orifices is smaller than that of the pipe orifice on the other side, a protrusion 3 is arranged at a position close to the radial pipe orifice in the pipe orifice on the other side, the radial pipe orifice of the airborne sampling head, the sampling header pipe 5 and the pump 6 are sequentially connected, the pressure gauge 7 is arranged on the sampling header pipe 6, and the computer 4 is respectively connected with the pump 6 and the pressure gauge 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the ends of the lateral pipe orifices and the radial pipe orifices on two sides in the T-shaped pipe 1 are both open structures, so that air can enter or be discharged from three ends of the T-shaped pipe, the lateral pipe orifices on two sides of the T-shaped pipe 1 refer to two opposite pipe orifices at the upper end of the T-shaped pipe, and the radial pipe orifices of the T-shaped pipe 1 refer to another pipe orifice perpendicular to the lateral pipe orifices on two sides in the T-shaped pipe 1. When the aircraft flies, air enters the airborne sampling head from the pipe orifice on one side of the T-shaped pipe 1, when the air reaches the upper part of the radial pipe orifice of the T-shaped pipe 1, a suction device (such as a pump) is connected to the end part of the radial pipe orifice of the T-shaped pipe 1, due to the suction effect, part of the air reaching the upper part of the radial pipe orifice is led out from the radial pipe orifice of the T-shaped pipe 1, so that subsequent detection is carried out, the rest air flows out from the pipe orifice on the other side after rushing through the radial pipe orifice, and a large amount of water vapor can be condensed in the. The inner diameter of the pipe orifice on one side in the transverse pipe orifices is smaller than that of the pipe orifice on the other side, namely the upper surface of the lower end of the pipe orifice on one side is higher than that of the lower end of the pipe orifice on the other side, so that the air flow can further rush to the position, far away from the radial pipe orifice, in the pipe orifice on the other side, and the condensed water vapor is not easy to fall into the radial pipe orifice. Meanwhile, a protrusion 3 is arranged in the other side pipe orifice and close to the radial pipe orifice, and the protrusion 3 can prevent water vapor in the other side pipe orifice from flowing into the radial pipe orifice. The radial pipe orifice of the airborne sampling head, the sampling header pipe 5 and the pump 6 are connected in sequence, so that the pressure in the sampling header pipe 5 can be changed by adjusting the pump 6; the pressure gauge 7 is arranged on the sampling header pipe 6 and can monitor the pressure in the sampling header pipe 5 in real time; the computer 4 is connected with the pump 6 and the pressure gauge 7 respectively, so that the pressure detection result in the pressure gauge 7 can be fed back to the computer 4, and the power of the pump 6 is adjusted by the computer 4 to change the pressure in the pipe in the sampling header pipe 5.
According to the present invention, the inner diameter of each end of each pipe orifice is not particularly limited, and the above object of the present invention can be achieved.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the one-side nozzle near the inner end of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter near the outer end of the tube. This increases the flow rate of the gas stream at the end of the tube adjacent the one-sided nozzle, thereby allowing condensation of water vapor to accumulate at the tube end.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the other side nozzle near the inner end of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter near the outer end of the tube. Therefore, the water vapor condensed at the pipe orifice at the other side close to the inner end of the pipe can flow out of the other side pipe orifice along the slope along the direction of the outer end of the pipe orifice.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the onboard sampling head further comprises an air inlet nozzle 2, wherein the air inlet nozzle 2 is fixed at the inner end of the tube of the side tube opening. This allows moisture to more easily pass over the radial nozzles without accumulating at the interface of the nozzles and even entering the radial nozzles.
Preferably, the position of the end of the air inlet nozzle 2 far away from the inner end of the pipe exceeds the vertical position of the radial nozzle of the T-shaped pipe 1.
More preferably, the inner diameter of the nozzle 2 near the inner end of the tube is larger than the inner diameter far from the inner end of the tube. That is, the inner diameter of the outlet of the air inlet nozzle 2 is smaller, so that the flow rate of the air flow at the outlet of the air inlet nozzle 2 is improved, and meanwhile, part of water vapor can directly flow back to the outer end due to the gradient and cannot fall down from the outlet of the air inlet nozzle 2, so that the sampling efficiency and quality are further improved.
According to the present invention, the sampling monitoring device further preferably comprises a plurality of (e.g. 1-10) detecting instruments 8, and the plurality of detecting instruments 8 are respectively and independently connected with the sampling manifold 5. Thus, the collected samples in the sampling header pipe 5 can be respectively sent to each detection instrument 8 for detection.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, an airborne sampling system capable of preventing condensation and backflow of water vapor includes an airborne sampling head, a computer 4, a sampling header pipe 5, a pump 6 and a pressure gauge 7, wherein the airborne sampling head includes a T-shaped pipe 1, wherein the ends of the lateral pipe orifice and the radial pipe orifice at two sides in the T-shaped pipe 1 are both in an open structure, the inner diameter of the pipe orifice at one side in the lateral pipe orifice is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe orifice at the other side, and a protrusion 3 is arranged at a position close to the radial pipe orifice in the pipe orifice at the other side, the radial pipe orifice of the airborne sampling head, the sampling header pipe 5 and the pump 6 are sequentially connected, the pressure gauge 7 is arranged on the sampling header pipe 6, and the computer 4; the inner diameter of the pipe orifice at one side close to the inner end of the pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe orifice at one side close to the outer end of the pipe; the inner diameter of the pipe orifice at the other side close to the inner end of the pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe orifice at the other side close to the outer end of the pipe; the airborne sampling head further comprises an air inlet nozzle 2, and the air inlet nozzle 2 is fixed at the inner end of the pipe orifice on one side; the position of one end of the air inlet nozzle 2, which is far away from the inner end of the pipe, exceeds the vertical position of a radial pipe orifice of the T-shaped pipe 1; the inner diameter of the air inlet nozzle 2 close to the inner end of the pipe is larger than the inner diameter far away from the inner end of the pipe; the sampling monitoring device also comprises a plurality of detecting instruments 5, and the detecting instruments 5 are respectively and independently connected with the sampling header pipe 2. Further, the direction of the arrows in fig. 3 indicates the direction of the airflow, the dashed box in fig. 4 indicates the onboard sampling head (the specific structure is shown in fig. 3), the left side of the dashed line indicates the outside of the nacelle, and the right side of the dashed line indicates the inside of the nacelle; thick lines represent devices or lines, thin lines represent reference symbols; the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of signal transmission, i.e., the pressure detection result in the pressure gauge 7 is fed back to the computer 4, and the power of the pump 6 is adjusted by the computer 4 to change the tube pressure in the sampling manifold 5.
As can be seen from fig. 3, since the extension of the nozzle 2 in the direction of the air flow exceeds the radial orifice, the air flow already exceeds the radial orifice when flowing out of the nozzle 2, so that the air flow does not enter directly into the radial orifice, thereby avoiding the condensation of water vapor in the radial orifice.
In addition, the invention also provides application of the airborne sampling system capable of preventing water vapor from being condensed and flowing backwards in collecting and monitoring air outside the aircraft cabin.
In the in-service use process, can set up the airborne sampling head in the airborne sampling system that can prevent aqueous vapor condensation and refluence in the optional position outside the aircraft cabin, the radial mouth of pipe through airborne sampling head links to each other through aforementioned connected mode with the other parts that set up in the aircraft, preferably, the direction of air inlet is unanimous with the direction of aircraft head for the air more conveniently gets into the air inlet.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing the pressure of the sampling system is characterized by comprising an airborne sampling head, a computer (4), a sampling header pipe (5), a pump (6) and a pressure gauge (7), wherein the airborne sampling head comprises a T-shaped pipe (1), the end parts of two lateral pipe orifices and a radial pipe orifice in the T-shaped pipe (1) are both of an open structure, the radial pipe orifice is vertical to the lateral pipe orifices on the two sides, the upper surface of the lower end of the pipe orifice on one side in the lateral pipe orifices is higher than the upper surface of the lower end of the pipe orifice on the other side, and the inner diameter of the pipe orifice on one side close to the inner end of the pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe orifice close to the outer,
wherein, air enters from the nozzle at one side of the onboard sampling head, the end part of the radial nozzle is connected with a suction device, so that part of the air reaching above the radial nozzle is led out from the radial nozzle, the rest part of the air flows through the radial nozzle and flows out from the nozzle at the other side, and
wherein, the intraoral radial mouth of pipe position that is close to of opposite side mouth of pipe is equipped with protrudingly (3), the radial mouth of pipe, sampling house steward (5) and pump (6) of airborne sampling head link to each other in proper order, pressure gauge (7) set up on sampling house steward (6), computer (4) link to each other respectively with pump (6) and pressure gauge (7).
2. An airborne sampling system capable of automatically varying the pressure of the sampling system as defined in claim 1 wherein the other side nozzle has a smaller inner diameter near the inner end of the tube than near the outer end of the tube.
3. The onboard sampling system capable of automatically varying the pressure of the sampling system according to claim 1, wherein the onboard sampling head further comprises a gas nozzle (2), wherein the gas nozzle (2) is fixed to the tube inner end of the one-sided tube orifice.
4. An onboard sampling system with the capacity to automatically vary the pressure of the sampling system according to claim 3, wherein the end of the nozzle (2) remote from the inner end of the tube is located beyond the vertical position of the radial orifice of the T-tube (1).
5. An on-board sampling system capable of automatically varying the pressure of the sampling system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the internal diameter of the nozzle (2) near the inner end of the tube is larger than the internal diameter away from the inner end of the tube.
6. The on-board sampling system capable of automatically varying the pressure of the sampling system of claim 1, wherein the sampling monitoring device further comprises a plurality of detection instruments (8), the plurality of detection instruments (8) being each independently connected to the sampling manifold (5).
7. Use of an onboard sampling system according to any of claims 1 to 6 capable of automatically varying the pressure of the sampling system for the collection and monitoring of the air outside the aircraft cabin.
CN201611243508.XA 2016-12-29 2016-12-29 Airborne sampling system capable of automatically changing pressure of sampling system and application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN106525518B (en)

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