CN106525122A - Electricity safety inspection method - Google Patents
Electricity safety inspection method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106525122A CN106525122A CN201610944830.9A CN201610944830A CN106525122A CN 106525122 A CN106525122 A CN 106525122A CN 201610944830 A CN201610944830 A CN 201610944830A CN 106525122 A CN106525122 A CN 106525122A
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- electric
- terminal
- distribution box
- test
- inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention aims to realize electricity safety inspection and discloses an electricity safety inspection method. The method comprises the steps of (1) master distribution room inspection, (2) branch distribution box inspection, and (3) terminal inspection. The electricity safety inspection method has the advantages that an electricity safety inspection method is provided, through the above method, the hidden trouble of electrical equipment and a line can be effectively detected, the electricity safety is improved, the actual requirement of a user is satisfied, and the promotion and application of the method in industry are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to safety technique for using electricity field, more particularly to a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method.
Background technology
The electrified mark as social progress, various electric utilities step into national economy and people's lives more and more
Every field.But if electrical equipment use, managing, operating, keeping in repair improper, cause electric energy it is uncontrolled it is unexpected discharge,
Disaster can then be brought.Simultaneously it is also because a variety of causes induces substantial amounts of disaster hidden-trouble, its casualties for causing and
Economic loss is startling！Counted according to the Fire-Fighting Bureau under the Ministry of Public Security, annual generation fire 33.8 ten thousand (whole nation) altogether in 2015 is made altogether
Into 2854 people's injures and deaths, wherein 1742 people are dead, 1112 people are injured, directly contribute 39.5 hundred million yuan of economic loss.Whole year in 2015 has
10.2 ten thousand fire are electrically to install and use regulation initiation due to violation, are due to electric reason compared with having 56.7% in conflagration
Cause.
Electric disaster hidden-trouble has certain " disguise " incubation period, and visual inspection is often difficult to find that this just compels to be essential
Set up a set of science, a kind of accurate, exercisable Electrical Safety inspection method.Electrical safety detects the need as social development
Will, show its irreplaceable effect in modern fire work.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method, to meet the actual demand of user.
To realize the purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method, comprises the steps：
(1) total power distribution station inspection, records switchgear house distribution transformer power, the quantity of low-tension distribution box and each distribution box
Operating voltage, electric current, power factor electrical energy parameter, the electricity consumption service condition in each distribution box, unit type, wire diameter.
Whether ambient temperature and humidity in record switchgear house and distribution box, distribution room environmental are clean and tidy, into power distribution station authority, if be provided with electricity
Dangerous prompting；
(2) distribution electric box inspection, all devices model inside record distribution box, rationally whether, cable diameter is measured for wiring
Electrical energy parameter, distribution box ambient environmental conditions, humiture, if having installation lock, if the prompting of electric danger is installed；
(3) terminal inspection, checks to all line terminals of building interior, including walking thread environment, line footpath, and for every
Individual terminal carries out leaking electricity, harmonic current, electric spark, overload performance test.
Wherein, checked using following equipment：
(1) terminal security tester, tester is inserted on the line terminal for needing detection, the survey on read test instrument
Examination data, and record；
(2) voltmeter, voltmeter test pencil is placed needs the phase two ends of detection；Current clamp is opened, by circuit to be detected
It is positioned in the middle of jaw, reads the data on table respectively, and record；
(3) electric spark fault alarm, chooses the nominal load of load end 50%, and alarm input connects electric terminal,
Output connection load, after energization, such as alarm does not send fault alarm, shows that circuit occurs without electric spark；This detection for
Each terminal should at least carry out 3 break-make electric tests, and 3 times result is alarm free, then line security, if having any in 3 times
Once occur to report to the police, whole piece circuit should be checked in time；
(4) infrared temperature detector test point is got to terminal or with electric line, is read on table by infrared temperature detector
Temperature value, it should be noted that when temperature detection is carried out, must meet the temperature survey distance of detector device；
(5) high-accuracy temperature-humidity meter, Hygrothermograph is put in the range of 1 meter of distribution box, after 5 minutes, reads data and records；
(6) tester input is connected to test lead by AFCI/GFCI testers, is looked into according to description of equipment adjustment needs
The electricity ginseng interface seen, record data；For needs carry out testing the circuit of protection, corresponding functional test button is clicked on, can
Carry out protection test；
(7) hand-held harmonic current analyzer, equipment is placed on circuit to be detected, data is recorded on reading table.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are, there is provided a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method, by above-mentioned
Method, can improve Electrical Safety with effective detection electrical equipment and the hidden danger in circuit, meet the actual need of user
Ask, be easy to industrially promotion and application.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be appreciated that described herein concrete
Embodiment only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
It should be noted that " connection " described herein and the word for expressing " connection ", such as " being connected ",
" being connected " etc., both it was directly connected to another part including a certain part, also passed through miscellaneous part and another portion including a certain part
Part is connected.
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can phase
Mutually combine.
In the application, a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method, comprises the steps：
(1) total power distribution station inspection, records switchgear house distribution transformer power, the quantity of low-tension distribution box and each distribution box
Operating voltage, electric current, power factor electrical energy parameter, the electricity consumption service condition in each distribution box, unit type, wire diameter.
Whether ambient temperature and humidity in record switchgear house and distribution box, distribution room environmental are clean and tidy, into power distribution station authority, if be provided with electricity
Dangerous prompting；
(2) distribution electric box inspection, all devices model inside record distribution box, rationally whether, cable diameter is measured for wiring
Electrical energy parameter, distribution box ambient environmental conditions, humiture, if having installation lock, if the prompting of electric danger is installed；
(3) terminal inspection, checks to all line terminals of building interior, including walking thread environment, line footpath, and for every
Individual terminal carries out leaking electricity, harmonic current, electric spark, overload performance test.
In above-mentioned steps, checked using following equipment：
(1) terminal security tester, tester is inserted on the line terminal for needing detection, the survey on read test instrument
Examination data, and record；
(2) voltmeter, voltmeter test pencil is placed needs the phase two ends of detection；Current clamp is opened, by circuit to be detected
It is positioned in the middle of jaw, reads the data on table respectively, and record；
(3) electric spark fault alarm, chooses the nominal load of load end 50%, and alarm input connects electric terminal,
Output connection load, after energization, such as alarm does not send fault alarm, shows that circuit occurs without electric spark；This detection for
Each terminal should at least carry out 3 break-make electric tests, and 3 times result is alarm free, then line security, if having any in 3 times
Once occur to report to the police, whole piece circuit should be checked in time；
(4) infrared temperature detector test point is got to terminal or with electric line, is read on table by infrared temperature detector
Temperature value, it should be noted that when temperature detection is carried out, must meet the temperature survey distance of detector device；
(5) high-accuracy temperature-humidity meter, Hygrothermograph is put in the range of 1 meter of distribution box, after 5 minutes, reads data and records；
(6) tester input is connected to test lead by AFCI/GFCI testers, is looked into according to description of equipment adjustment needs
The electricity ginseng interface seen, record data；For needs carry out testing the circuit of protection, corresponding functional test button is clicked on, can
Carry out protection test；
(7) hand-held harmonic current analyzer, equipment is placed on circuit to be detected, data is recorded on reading table.
In addition, inspection project includes：Three-phase equilibrium detection, Harmonic currents detection, power factor detection, Voltage Drop inspection
Survey, phase of impedance detection, overload detection, terminal temperature detection, detection of electrical leakage, electric spark detection, safe distance etc..
Three-phase equilibrium is detected, for checking three-phase electricity consumption situation, if the situation of three-phase imbalance occur.Three-phase imbalance
Neutral line current will be caused to increase, line loss increase；Motor device generates heat；Certain phase voltage crosses up to device damage.
Harmonic voltage and current detecting, under the conditions of checking that band is carried, the high frequency electric beyond the fundamental wave that is divided by.The electric current
Circuit will be caused and the motor feels hot, reactive power compensator is damaged, accident trips and affects other products normally to use, and it is right
Electrical network causes harmonic pollution.
Power factor is detected, it is adaptable to power distribution station inspection.For checking the reactive power of circuit.Reactive power is too high to be made
Increase into transformer capacity.
Voltage Drop detection, Voltage Drop, also referred to as voltage dip, voltage falling, voltage sag.Voltage in ieee standard
Fall and be defined as:In electric power system, power-frequency voltage virtual value of certain point drops to suddenly the 10%～90% of rated value, and with
Recover after the of short duration duration of 10ms-1min afterwards normal.Voltage Drop can cause the work of sensitive equipment and electronic equipment different
Often, while Electrical Safety can be caused.
Phase of impedance is detected, for checking each alternate resistance between live wire and zero line, live wire and ground wire, zero line and ground wire of three-phase
It is anti-.Alternate insulation can be checked from side, so as to avoid the generation of electric spark.
Overload is detected, for checking the dead load current-carrying capacity of wall switch, socket, mobile socket.By the inspection
Look into, the electricity consumption situation of socket can occur, it is to avoid because of the fire that the circuit that overload is caused generating heat and causing.
Terminal temperature detection, so as to judge that terminal, with the presence or absence of virtual connection, connects insecure situation.
Detection of electrical leakage, for checking the earth leakage protective situation of loaded termination (socket).When there are the feelings such as human body touch, humidity
During condition, earth leakage protective device whether can effective action, timely ensure the person and equipment safety.
Electric spark detects, whether there is the situation of virtual connection, short circuit with electric line for inspection, prevent circuit and electric terminal
Because of the generation of aging, the incorrect electric spark for the reason such as using to cause.
Safe distance, safe distance mainly include electric clearance (space length) and creep age distance (creepage distance).Electrically
Distance refers to：The beeline along air measurement on two adjacent conductors or a conductor and adjacent motor casing surface；Creep age distance refers to：
The beeline along insulating surface measurement on two adjacent conductors or a conductor and adjacent motor casing surface.Usual creep age distance is not
Less than electric clearance.
Ground protection, ground protection is exactly will be not charged under normal circumstances, and insulating materials damage after or other situations
Lower electric appliance metal part (metallic moiety i.e. with electro-mechanical part phase-splitting insulation) that may be powered wire and grounding body reliability
A kind of protection mode of connection for coupling together.Ground protection is generally used for distribution transformer neutral point and is not directly grounded (three-phase three
Line system) electric power system in, to ensure the voltage-to-ground produced when insulation damages are leaked electricity when electrical equipment less than peace
Gamut.
Zero connection protection, just refers to that, in the electrical network of below 1KVA pressure regulator neutral-point solid grounds, all electrical equipments are just
In the case of often, uncharged metal shell and the metal part being connected with it are made reliably electrically to couple with zero line.It is to protect
A kind of form of shield ground connection, is a kind of safety precautions in low-tension network.
Above-mentioned detection needs to reach following standard：
Three-phase imbalance
According to national standard《GB/T 15543-2008 quality of power supply imbalance of three-phase voltage》Regulation, electrical network normally transports
During row, negative sequence voltage degree of unbalancedness is less than 2%, must not exceed 4% in short-term.
Harmonic voltage and electric current
According to national standard《GB/T 14549-93 quality of power supply utility network harmonic waves》Regulation, the nominal 380V of electrical network uses
The voltage total harmonic distortion factor of electric line is 5%, and odd harmonic voltage containing ratio is 4%, and even-order harmonic containing ratio is 2%；Base
Under conditions of quasi- capacity of short circuit is 10MVA, second harmonic current permissible value is 78A；
Power factor
, using Chinese domestic discipline and family rules determined power 0.9-1.0, more than the 0.85 of illumination, from far-off regions can be 0.75 for three-phase circuit
More than.
Voltage Drop
According to the pertinent regulations of State Grid's industry associated documents, scope that what the voltage of conventional 220V was allowed fall is-
10% to+7%, other are ± 7%.
Resistance requirements
According to the pertinent regulations of State Grid's industry associated documents, in the requirement of three-phase five-wire mode, live wire, zero line with ground
Impedance between line should be not less than 500K Ω.
Overload is required
The pertinent regulations of associated documents are required according to State Grid's industry and construction and installation, in building building, goes out special industry
Outside requiring, common single-phase installation specification has 10A and two kinds of 16A, and tri- kinds of three-phase installation specification 16A, 25A, 40A, different size are inserted
Seat need to install the wire of different size.For example, diameter 1.78, copper conductor of the sectional area for 2.5mm2, it is allowed to which electric current is for a long time
16-25A, and the long-term electric current that the aluminum steel of equivalent specifications is allowed is 13-20A.
Terminal temperature
In a current loop, generally it is connecting position of wires where heating seriously, if conductor compression jointing is unreal or connects
Connect unreliable, it is overheated to will result in contact point, so as to damage equipment.According to experimental data, it is stipulated that contact point more than 10 minutes
Not higher than 60 ° of operating temperature.
Leakage current
According to power industry behavior pertinent regulations, in building, factory building, building, distribution box must be provided with earth leakage protective device.
Action current is 15-30mA.
Electric spark
Electric spark, also known as electric arc, is a kind of gas discharge phenomenon, and electric current is produced by some dielectrics (such as air)
Raw moment spark.Only have some countries of Europe at present in the world, have arc protection device, China to air conditioner loop solar obligation
The technology development is later, does not also put into effect related mandatory provision.According to current standard, it is desirable to which loop occurs 11 half in 0.5s
, as there is electric arc in the fault current waveform of ripple, should take corresponding measure in time.
Safe distance
According to power industry behavior pertinent regulations, low-voltage distribution minimum creep distance is 8mm, and electric clearance is 6mm.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications can also be made
Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) total power distribution station inspection, records switchgear house distribution transformer power, and the quantity of low-tension distribution box and each distribution box work
Voltage, electric current, power factor electrical energy parameter, the electricity consumption service condition in each distribution box, unit type, wire diameter.Record
Whether ambient temperature and humidity in switchgear house and distribution box, distribution room environmental are clean and tidy, into power distribution station authority, if be provided with electric danger
Prompting；
(2) distribution electric box inspection, all devices model inside record distribution box, rationally whether, cable diameter measures electric energy for wiring
Parameter, distribution box ambient environmental conditions, humiture, if having installation lock, if the prompting of electric danger is installed；
(3) terminal inspection, checks to all line terminals of building interior, including walking thread environment, line footpath, and it is directed to each end
End carries out leaking electricity, harmonic current, electric spark, overload performance test.
2. a kind of Electrical Safety inspection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that examined using following equipment
Look into：
(1) terminal security tester, tester is inserted on the line terminal for needing detection, the test number on read test instrument
According to, and record；
(2) voltmeter, voltmeter test pencil is placed needs the phase two ends of detection；Current clamp is opened, circuit to be detected is placed
In the middle of jaw, the data on table are read respectively, and is recorded；
(3) electric spark fault alarm, chooses the nominal load of load end 50%, alarm input connection electric terminal, output
Connection load, after energization, such as alarm does not send fault alarm, shows that circuit occurs without electric spark；This detection is for each
Terminal should at least carry out 3 break-make electric tests, and 3 times result is alarm free, then line security, if having in 3 times it is any once
Generation is reported to the police, and should check whole piece circuit in time；
(4) infrared temperature detector test point is got to terminal or with electric line, reads temperature on table by infrared temperature detector
Value, it should be noted that the temperature survey distance of detector device when temperature detection is carried out, must be met；
(5) high-accuracy temperature-humidity meter, Hygrothermograph is put in the range of 1 meter of distribution box, after 5 minutes, reads data and records；
(6) tester input is connected to test lead by AFCI/GFCI testers, and adjusting according to description of equipment needs what is checked
Electricity ginseng interface, record data；For needs carry out testing the circuit of protection, corresponding functional test button is clicked on, can be carried out
Protection test；
(7) hand-held harmonic current analyzer, equipment is placed on circuit to be detected, data is recorded on reading table.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610944830.9A CN106525122A (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Electricity safety inspection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610944830.9A CN106525122A (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Electricity safety inspection method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106525122A true CN106525122A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=58292859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610944830.9A Pending CN106525122A (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Electricity safety inspection method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109374995A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-02-22 | 许继集团有限公司 | Low-voltage distribution system, aging circuit and oppose electricity-stealing monitoring method and correspondence system |
| CN109799437A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-24 | 江苏海事职业技术学院 | A kind of electric fire control method based on three proofings means |
-
2016
- 2016-11-02 CN CN201610944830.9A patent/CN106525122A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109374995A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-02-22 | 许继集团有限公司 | Low-voltage distribution system, aging circuit and oppose electricity-stealing monitoring method and correspondence system |
| CN109799437A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-24 | 江苏海事职业技术学院 | A kind of electric fire control method based on three proofings means |
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Legal Events
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170322 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |