CN106517718A - 一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺 - Google Patents
一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及钻井污染治理技术领域,尤其是一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺;所述处理工艺包括高温尾气的余热回收,泥浆干化处理和泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理;所述余热回收操作在余热回收系统内处理,所述泥浆干化处理在泥浆干化系统中处理,所述泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理采用干泥高温陶瓷固化系统进行处理;所述余热回收系统、泥浆干化系统和干泥高温陶瓷固化系统为三个独立的系统。工艺简单:不再使用传统的固液分离技术,不需要处理复杂的污水,直接采用蒸发工艺,核心设备简单;零排放、彻底无害化:彻底实现污染物零排放,蒸汽无害,干泥高温烧结成为陶瓷,重金属完全固化,不溶出;资源化:干泥高温得到的陶瓷是一种可利用工业原料或者可直接利用的产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钻井污染治理技术领域,尤其是一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺。
背景技术
随着我国环境保护法规标准的不断完善以及执法力度的加大,人们的环保意识逐渐增强,钻井过程中产生的废弃钻井泥浆的无害化处理的研究和推广应用,是钻井行业环境保护工作的当务之急。废泥钻井浆治理的目的,是为了减轻环境污染而寻找经济和环境上都能够接受的处理方式,实现最优化废物处理体系的目的。
现有回收利用和处理方法较多,但每种方法都有其适用范围,应根据油气田的地理环境、水文、土壤、钻井液的组成及经济性来选用。国外在五十年代就开始并加强对废泥浆的处理,开发和采用了一系列无害化处理技术。同时,很早就开始对泥浆处理剂和各种泥浆体系进行生物降解实验和生物毒性评价实验,积极研究泥浆体系可能对环境造成的污染和相应的治理办法。我国对废弃泥浆的处理比国外研究稍晚些,但通过引进、消化和自主创新,在许多油田上陆续应用了一系列处理技术,同时积极研究具有适合国情的各类废弃泥浆处理技术。
传统的处理方法基本上都存在一个经济效益与环境效益不能两全的问题,处理效果好的,成本太高;成本低的,环保要求又达不到要求。而诸如回注地层、土壤耕种此类的方法,环保效益确实好,但局限性太大,不可能普及推广。同时,上述方法对于泥浆体系都有一定的要求,并不适用于所有的钻后废弃泥浆处理。传统处理手段无法彻底避免重金属元素对环境造成的危害,对不同类型的废弃钻井泥浆也缺乏普适性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,该工艺不仅能实现泥浆污染物零排放,又可以变废为宝,得到可以利用的陶瓷原料。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,所述处理工艺包括高温尾气的余热回收,泥浆干化处理和泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理;所述余热回收操作在余热回收系统内处理,所述泥浆干化处理在泥浆干化系统中处理,所述泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理采用泥高温陶瓷固化系统进行处理;所述余热回收系统、泥浆干化系统和干泥高温陶瓷固化系统为三个独立的系统。
进一步的,所述余热回收处理工艺如下:高温尾气从柴油动力机排出,经过余热回收装置,加热从油泵输送过来的导热油,导热油被加热后回到导热油储罐。
更一步的,所述导热油储罐的导热油经过三向阀,当泥浆量较多时,切换至导热油锅炉管路,经过导热油锅炉加热,再进入干化机,干燥泥浆,冷却后的导热油由泵输送回导热油储罐;当泥浆量较少时,由三向阀转换进入干化机,冷却后由泵进入导热储油罐。
进一步的,所述钻井泥浆通过封闭式输运设备输送至泥浆干化系统中,在泥浆干化系统中被高温导热油间接加热,泥浆中的水分被加热蒸发形成蒸汽排出,失去水分的泥浆成为干泥。
更一步的,所述干泥输送至混料机,在混料机中加入辅料与干泥均匀混合,然后进入高温炉窑,高温烧结,形成陶瓷固体,泥浆中的有害重金属成分被固化,干泥形成无害的陶瓷固体,成为可利用的工业原料或陶瓷成品。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是:
1、节能:充分利用柴油机动力机高温尾气热能,回收利用,节约能源费用,降低处理成本;
2、工艺简单:不再使用传统的固液分离技术,不需要处理复杂的污水,直接采用蒸发工艺,核心设备简单;
3、零排放、彻底无害化:彻底实现污染物零排放,蒸汽无害,干泥成为陶瓷,重金属完全固化,不溶出;
4、资源化:干泥高温得到的陶瓷是一种可以利用工业原料或者就可以直接利用的产品,实现变害为宝。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图中:1为余热回收系统,2为柴油动力机,3导热油储罐,4为干化机,5为混料机,6为高温炉窑,7为三向阀,8为导热油锅炉
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1所示,一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,所述处理工艺包括高温尾气的余热回收,泥浆干化处理和泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理;所述余热回收操作在余热回收系统内处理,所述泥浆干化处理在泥浆干化系统中处理,所述泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理采用干泥高温陶瓷固化系统进行处理;所述余热回收系统、泥浆干化系统和干泥高温陶瓷固化系统为三个独立的系统。
优选的,所述余热回收处理工艺如下:高温尾气从柴油动力机排出,经过余热回收装置,加热从油泵输送过来的导热油,导热油被加热后回到导热油储罐。利用柴油动力机排出的高温尾气加热导热油,回收余热,利用导热油罐储存,能够有效节能;在此基础上,配置导热油锅炉,提高导热油温度,提高加热泥浆干化效率。
优选的,所述导热油储罐的导热油经过三向阀,当泥浆量较多时,切换至导热油锅炉管路,经过导热油锅炉加热,再进入干化机,干燥泥浆,冷却后的导热油由泵输送回导热油储罐;当泥浆量较少时,由三向阀转换进入干化机,冷却后由泵进入导热储油罐。
优选的,所述钻井泥浆通过封闭式输运设备输送至泥浆干化系统中,在泥浆干化系统中被高温导热油间接加热,泥浆中的水分被加热蒸发形成蒸汽排出,失去水分的泥浆成为干泥。利用封闭式输送系统输送至干化机,可以避免泥浆落地;干化机中采用300度左右温度桨叶干燥,效率高,无粉尘。
优选的,所述干泥输送至混料机,在混料机中加入辅料与干泥均匀混合,然后进入高温炉窑,高温烧结,形成陶瓷固体,泥浆中的有害重金属成分被固化,干泥形成无害的陶瓷固体,成为可利用的工业原料或陶瓷成品。干泥进入混料机,加入配好的辅料混匀,将干泥做成陶瓷,必需配以辅料;混好的料在高温炉窑中高温烧结成陶瓷,重金属完全固化,无污染。
尽管上述实施例已对本发明的技术方案进行了详细地描述,但是本发明的技术方案并不限于以上实施例,在不脱离本发明的思想和宗旨的情况下,对本发明的技术方案所做的任何改动都将落入本发明的权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,其特征在于:所述处理工艺包括高温尾气的余热回收,泥浆干化处理和泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理;所述余热回收操作在余热回收系统内处理,所述泥浆干化处理在泥浆干化系统中处理,所述泥浆高温陶瓷固化处理采用干泥高温陶瓷固化系统进行处理;所述余热回收系统、泥浆干化系统和干泥高温陶瓷固化系统为三个独立的系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,其特征在于,所述余热回收处理工艺如下:高温尾气从柴油动力机排出,经过余热回收装置,加热从油泵输送过来的导热油,导热油被加热后回到导热油储罐。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,其特征在于:所述导热油储罐的导热油经过三向阀,当泥浆量较多时,切换至导热油锅炉管路,经过导热油锅炉加热,再进入干化机,干燥泥浆,冷却后的导热油由泵输送回导热油储罐;当泥浆量较少时,由三向阀转换直接进入干化机,冷却后由泵进入导热储油罐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,其特征在于:所述钻井泥浆通过封闭式输运设备输送至泥浆干化系统中,在泥浆干化系统中被高温导热油间接加热,泥浆中的水分被加热蒸发形成蒸汽排出,失去水分的泥浆成为干泥。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种钻井泥浆节能资源化处理工艺,其特征在于:所述干泥输送至混料机,在混料机中加入辅料与干泥均匀混合,然后进入高温炉窑,高温烧结,形成陶瓷固体,泥浆中的有害重金属成分固化,干泥形成无害的陶瓷固体,成为可利用的工业原料或陶瓷成品。
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