CN106510742B

CN106510742B - Quality detection phantom and detection method suitable for digital subtraction angiography technology

Info

Publication number: CN106510742B
Application number: CN201610911263.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张福全; 漆瑞; 张昊兆; 张琛; 侯坤; 邱建峰
Original assignee: Taishan Medical University
Current assignee: Taishan Medical University
Priority date: 2016-10-19
Filing date: 2016-10-19
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2036-10-19
Also published as: CN106510742A

Abstract

The invention discloses a quality detection phantom and a detection method suitable for a digital subtraction angiography technology, wherein the quality detection phantom comprises a U-shaped block, a socket module, a ladder module and a skeleton module which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, wherein the socket module is provided with a jack, a replaceable simulation module is arranged in the jack, and the replaceable simulation module comprises an arterial vessel simulation module, a heart coronary artery simulation module, a carotid artery simulation module and a renal artery simulation module; a resolution test module can also be placed in the socket module; the system also comprises a blank module and a marking module, wherein the blank module is used as a control group of the arterial vessel simulation module and is placed on the same plane with the arterial vessel simulation module; the marking module and the resolution testing module work cooperatively. The invention is provided with a module for simulating the lesions of the carotid artery, the renal artery and the coronary artery of the human body, so that the detection is more approximate to the actual case, and more representative data is provided for quality detection.

Description

Quality detection phantom and detection method suitable for digital subtraction angiography technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to a quality detection phantom and a detection method suitable for a digital subtraction angiography technology.

Background

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is a medical imaging device widely used in angiographic examinations, which are performed by injecting iodine contrast agent into the blood vessel and subtracting images from the computer. The blood vessel imaging effect of DSA directly determines the detection capability of vascular diseases, and the current detection of the DSA blood vessel imaging capability can be realized through a phantom test. However, the current DSA detection phantom can only perform imaging detection of basic simulation blood vessels, and cannot perform imaging capability detection of blood vessels with specificity, specificity and 3-dimensional structures.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a quality detection phantom and a detection method suitable for a digital subtraction angiography technology, which realize specific, specific and 3-dimensional vessel morphology imaging capability detection.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the quality detection phantom suitable for the digital subtraction angiography technology comprises a U-shaped block, a socket module, a ladder module and a skeleton module which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, wherein a jack is arranged on the socket module, a replaceable simulation module is arranged in the jack, and the replaceable simulation module comprises an arterial vessel simulation module, a heart coronary artery simulation module, a carotid artery simulation module and a renal artery simulation module; a resolution test module can also be placed in the socket module; the system also comprises a blank module and a marking module, wherein the blank module is used as a control group of the arterial vessel simulation module and is placed on the same plane with the arterial vessel simulation module; the marking module and the resolution testing module work cooperatively.

The marking module is a cuboid water glass plate, a unfilled corner is arranged at the upper left corner and used for determining the correct placement position of the module, and a lead wire is embedded on the surface of the marking module at a distance of 1cm from each side.

The heart coronary artery simulation module comprises two glass water substrates, wherein each glass water substrate is engraved with a heart-imitating groove, and the shapes of the heart-imitating grooves on the two glass water substrates are respectively projection shapes of 60-degree left front incline and 30-degree right front incline of a heart coronary artery; the heart-imitating groove is filled with contrast agent and hard material simulating blockage.

The heart-imitating groove comprises a left branch and a right branch, and two branches are respectively arranged on the left branch and the right branch; the first branch of the right branch and the first branch of the left Zhi Di branch are respectively provided with a hard material simulating blocking, each branch is respectively provided with three sections of blocking, and the blocking degree is 25%, 50% and 75% in sequence.

The arterial vessel simulation module grows into a cuboid shape, and three grooves for simulating arterial vessels with the pipe diameters of 0.1cm, 0.2cm and 0.4cm are formed in the surface of the arterial vessel simulation module; each groove contains a circle with a diameter of 1cm simulating an aneurysm.

The three grooves are respectively provided with simulated arterial contrast agents, the concentrations of the simulated arterial contrast agents are 25%, 50% and 75%, and the iodine concentration is 15mg/ml; the three circles are internally provided with contrast agents with different iodine concentrations, and the iodine concentrations are respectively 1.5mg/ml, 3mg/ml and 6mg/ml.

The carotid artery simulation module comprises a cuboid water glass plate, a section of detachable water glass cylinder is embedded in the carotid artery simulation module, the water glass cylinder is fixed in the water glass plate through a gear, and a carotid artery model manufactured by a 3D printer is sealed in the water glass cylinder; the carotid sinus of the carotid model mimics 25%, 50% and 75% of the three occlusion conditions on the three models, respectively, using stearin, in sequence, from the common carotid artery to the internal carotid artery, and there is a stuck aluminum sheet on the inner wall to mimic plaque, and the carotid model has a contrast agent sealed inside.

The renal artery simulation module comprises A, B groups of simulation modules, wherein the A groups of simulation modules simulate atherosclerosis lesions and the B groups of simulation modules simulate aortic inflammatory lesions; each group of simulation modules is provided with three water glass substrates, and each water glass substrate is engraved with a renal artery simulating groove; the kidney-shaped artery-like groove is filled with contrast agent, the opening diameter of the kidney-shaped artery-like groove is 0.7cm, the opening gradually decreases along with the downward shape of the kidney artery, and the opening size of the tail end is 0.05cm;

plaque stenosis or artery thickening blockage is arranged at the turning position 2cm away from the opening in each kidney-like artery groove in the A group of simulation modules, and the blockage degrees of the three kidney-like artery grooves are 25%, 50% and 75% respectively;

and each kidney-like artery groove in the B group simulation modules is provided with a blockage at an internal symmetrical position, the positions of the three kidney-like artery grooves for blocking are sequentially downwards arranged from the starting part, and the blocking degrees of the three kidney-like artery grooves are respectively 25%, 50% and 75%.

The detection method of the quality detection phantom suitable for the digital subtraction angiography technology comprises the following steps:

when the air kerma rate test is carried out, the step module is combined into a cuboid, the blank part of the resolution test module is inserted into the slot module, the cuboid is placed on the slot module to be combined into a uniform square body with the size of 20 x 15cm, and the uniform square body is horizontally placed on a catheter bed and is positioned in the field of view of the image detection part so as to simulate the human body thickness of 15 cm;

placing a multifunctional probe of the Baracuda X-ray analyzer at the top end of the uniform square body, and enabling a ray detection surface to face the direction of the bulb tube;

setting the focal distance to be the maximum, and lifting the guide tube bed to enable the multifunctional probe to be close to the image detection component;

respectively exposing by using perspective and acquisition modes, respectively exposing and measuring according to the difference of input fields of the image detector of the selected exposure mode, clearly recording exposure conditions, and reading the air kerma rate of exposure under the selected exposure mode; the number of images produced by exposure in the selected exposure mode is determined, and the measured air kerma rate is divided by the number of images to obtain the air kerma rate of each image.

Further comprises:

when the contrast uniformity and dynamic range test is carried out, the ladder module is combined into a ladder, and the ladder module and the skeleton module are placed in the socket module together; the steps of the step module and bones in the skeleton module are perpendicular to blood vessels of the arterial blood vessel simulation module; after the image is shot, observing whether the blood vessel image passing through the bone and the ladder is uniform or not and observing the finest blood vessel which can be seen clearly; the mobile arterial vessel simulation module is used for placing the blank module in a visual field and observing the number of steps which can be seen clearly; the higher the order, the better;

when subtraction artifact is performed: combining the ladder modules to simulate the human body thickness of 15 cm; placing a bone module and an arterial vessel simulation module on the ladder module; obtaining a mask and a subtracted image in a subtraction mode; and observing whether the edges of the round holes are visible in the image, and if so, indicating that the imaging system is unstable.

The beneficial effects of the invention are that

The invention improves the spatial resolution card, uses the marking module to more accurately position, and uses the focus simulation module to simulate focus development under the real condition.

The invention is provided with a module for simulating the lesions of the carotid artery, the renal artery and the coronary artery of the human body, so that the detection is more approximate to the actual case, and more representative data is provided for quality detection.

The marking module adopts lead wires embedded and crossed into a 'well' -shaped as a mark, so that a reference image can be ensured to be accurately subtracted when quality detection is carried out.

The invention has higher scientific research and teaching utilization value, and can occupy the chelant head in business popularization because of the unique and novel design.

The invention designs a simulation module for simulating the carotid artery and the coronary artery and the renal artery in 3-dimension, and realizes the detection of the imaging capability of the specificity, the specificity and the 3-dimension blood vessel morphology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a ladder module;

fig. 3 (a) is a bottom view of the bone module, fig. 3 (b) is a side view of the bone module, and fig. 3 (c) is a top view of the bone module;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a jack module;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a marking module;

FIG. 6 is a resolution test module;

FIG. 7 is an arterial vessel simulation module;

FIG. 8 (a) is a left anterior oblique 60 heart coronary artery simulation module; FIG. 8 (b) right anteversion 30℃heart coronary artery simulation module

FIG. 9 is a carotid artery simulation module;

fig. 10 is a renal artery simulation module.

The device comprises a ladder module, a bone module, a socket module, a 4.U block, an arterial vessel simulation module, a water glass cylinder and a carotid artery model.

The specific embodiment is as follows:

the invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-2, a quality detection phantom suitable for digital subtraction angiography technology is formed by combining a plurality of cuboid modules, and comprises a ladder module 1, a socket module 3, a skeleton module 2, an arterial vessel simulation module, a resolution test module, a focus simulation module (a heart coronary artery simulation module, a carotid artery simulation module and a renal artery simulation module) and a U-shaped block 4.

The bottom of the whole body model is square with the length of 20 cm.

A ladder module 1. A cuboid, size is 20 x 7.5cm, is formed into the step shape by two parts and each piece has three steps, and two pieces can be added together to form a big step. Each step was 2.5cm long.

The socket modules 3 are 7.5cm high and 15cm wide. The bone module 2 was 2.5cm high and the bone was 3D printed ribs.

The blank module and the arterial vessel simulation module 5 form a die body block with the length of 45cm, the width of 15cm and the height of 2.5cm.

(resolution test Module, arterial vessel Module are blank modules except for resolution test card, vessel part)

The U-shaped block 4 is 20cm long and 15cm wide.

The U-shaped block is used as a base, other modules are stacked, and the sequence is from bottom to top; u-shaped piece, socket module, ladder module, skeleton module.

The invention can test the convention of a Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) system, simulate blood vessels and focuses and ribs thereof, and can test resolution, uniformity, shape reduction effect and registration accuracy.

As shown in fig. 3 (a) -3 (c), the bones in the bone module are rib simulators, and are obtained by using a 3D printing technology, and are 20cm×20cm×2.5cm, and subtraction can be performed by using the bones.

The ladder module is shown in fig. 2, and each ladder is 2.5cm, and 6 steps are stacked to form a 20cm multiplied by 7.5cm block, and the blocks and the socket module can simulate a human body together. The ladder module image is used for detecting air kerma rate, contrast uniformity, dynamic range and subtraction artifacts of the system.

The jack modules are shown in fig. 4 as 20cm x 7.5cm with 15cm x 20cm x 2.5cm slots.

As shown in FIG. 5, the marking module is a 20cm×15cm×2.5cm water glass plate, and has a side length unfilled corner at its upper left corner for determining the correct placement position of the module, and a lead line embedded and crossed into a "well" shape at a length of 1cm from each side of its surface as a mark for accurate subtraction of the reference image. The marking module and the resolution test module are inserted into the socket module together for calibrating the instrument.

As shown in FIG. 6, the resolution test module was a 20cm by 15cm by 2.5cm water glass plate, which had a 1cm side unfilled corner in the upper left corner for determining the correct placement position of the module, and a 9cm diameter circular shallow slot in the front surface centered on the center of the surface for calibrating and positioning a 0.05mmPb,0.6lp/mm star-shaped test card (model JD-B2 degrees).

As shown in FIG. 7, the arterial vessel simulation module has a module size of 45×15×2.5cm, and the contrast agent can be filled into the arterial vessel simulation groove portions with a pipe diameter of 0.1cm, 0.2cm, and 0.4 cm. Each simulated artery is capable of simulating an aneurysm and arterial stenosis. The concentrations of the simulated arterial contrast agent (fat-soluble contrast agent iodinated oil) are 25%, 50% and 75%, respectively, and the iodine concentration is 15mg/ml. Each simulated arterial vessel contained a circle of 1cm diameter, each circle containing a different iodine concentration for measuring linearity, while simulating an aneurysm, the three circles having gram iodine concentrations of 150, 300, 600mg/ml.

As shown in fig. 8 (a) -8 (b), the module simulates the projected shape of the heart coronary artery at 60 ° left anterior and 30 ° right anterior, the groove is engraved on the substrate (glass water substrate) and the contrast agent is filled into the groove. The module size specification is: the upper opening is 0.5cm, the diameter is gradually reduced along with the shape of the blood vessel, the size of the tail end opening is 0.05cm, and the small blood vessel opening is the minimum blood vessel opening for coronary angiography. The simulated coronary artery module is provided with a blocking simulation part, and the blocking position is set to be 25%, 50% and 75% of the blocking degree of the first branch of the right branch and the first branch of the left Zhi Di branch. The blocking simulation material is a hard material.

As shown in fig. 9, the carotid artery simulation module is a 20cm×15.2cm×5cm water glass plate, a detachable water glass cylinder 6 with a gear having a longitudinal diameter of 35mm is arranged at the inner center of the water glass plate, (for enabling the internal carotid artery model to be displayed at multiple angles, the cylinder is designed to be of a detachable structure, when images with different angles are needed, the cylinder can be extracted from a water glass matrix, converted angles are then inserted into the water glass matrix, the gear plays a fixing role.) a 3D carotid artery model 7 with a diameter of 9cm×3cm×2.5cm is sealed inside the water glass cylinder 6, and the carotid artery simulation module is manufactured by a 3D printer. The carotid sinus of the carotid model mimics 25%, 50%, 75% occlusion with stearin from the common carotid artery to the internal carotid segment, and has an adhesive aluminum patch on its inner wall to mimic plaque and seal contrast agent inside.

The carotid wall thickness of the 3D carotid model was 0.09cm, the internal diameter of the common carotid artery was 0.675cm, the internal diameter of the internal carotid artery was 0.55cm, the internal diameter of the external carotid artery was 0.5cm, the internal diameter of the carotid sinus was 0.7cm, the carotid sinus length was 1cm, the common carotid artery length was 4.5cm, the internal carotid artery length was 3cm, the external carotid artery length was 2cm, and the thickness of the model was 2cm, so the carotid model size was approximately 9cm×3cm×2cm.

As shown in fig. 10, the renal artery simulation module (the heart coronary artery simulation module is manufactured by carving grooves on a water glass substrate according to corresponding dimensions) is filled with a contrast agent to simulate a blood vessel portion in the grooves running along the blood vessel. Two (3/group) renal artery model vessels were set A, B. Group a is used to mimic atherosclerotic lesions and group B is used to treat aortic inflammatory lesions; three simulated blood vessels in each group were respectively provided with 25%, 50% and 75% of plaque stenosis or arterial thickening occlusion to simulate three different degrees of lesion states, light, medium and heavy. The length is 5.0cm, and the iodine concentration is 15mg/ml

The manufacturing specification of each simulated renal artery vessel is as follows

(1) The diameter of the opening was 0.7cm. The diameter gradually decreases as the vessel goes downward.

(2) The size of the tail end opening is set to be 0.05cm, and the tail end opening is the minimum width diameter of the blood vessel for renal artery radiography

Group a mimics a stenosis induced by renal atherosclerosis: stenosis usually occurs at the proximal end of the renal artery at 2cm and there is little involvement of the distal end or branch, so the stenosis is designed at the opening 2cm turn, with the stenosis designed with an external embedded occlusion. Group B mimics the design of the occlusion with internal symmetric attachment from the initiation of aortic inflammation.

Detection method of quality detection phantom suitable for digital subtraction angiography technology

When subtraction starts, the wearing protective equipment stands behind the isolation plate to push the arterial vessel simulation module, the heart coronary artery simulation module, the carotid artery simulation module or the renal artery simulation module into the socket module at a constant speed so as to achieve the subtraction effect. The pushing speed is determined by the fact that the module completely enters the socket module when the subtraction is finished.

The arterial vessel simulation module, the heart coronary artery simulation module, the carotid artery simulation module, the renal artery simulation module and the resolution test module can test the Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) system convention, simulate the blood vessel and the focus and ribs thereof, and can test the resolution, the uniformity, the shape reducing effect and the registration accuracy.

Air kerma rate; combining the step modules into a uniform cuboid of 20 x 7.5cm, inserting a blank part of the resolution test module (a blank part outside a circular shallow slot in the resolution test module) into the slot module, placing the cuboid on the slot module to form a uniform cuboid with the size of 20 x 15cm, horizontally placing the uniform cuboid on a catheter bed, and in the visual field of the image detection part, and simulating the human body thickness of 15 cm;

setting the focal distance SID to be the maximum (120 cm), and lifting the guide tube bed to enable the multifunctional probe to be as close to the image detection component as possible;

respectively exposing by using perspective and acquisition modes, respectively exposing and measuring according to different input visual field FOV of an image detector of the selected exposure mode, and recording exposure conditions such as kV, mA and frame frequency clearly; reading the air kerma rate of the exposure; the number of images produced by exposure in the selected exposure mode is divided by the measured air kerma rate by the number of images to obtain the air kerma rate of each image.

Contrast uniformity and dynamic range: combining the ladder modules into a ladder, and placing the ladder modules and the skeleton modules in the socket modules together; the steps of the step module and bones in the skeleton module are perpendicular to blood vessels of the arterial blood vessel simulation module; after the image is shot, observing whether the blood vessel image passing through the bone and the ladder is uniform or not and observing the finest blood vessel which can be seen clearly; the mobile arterial vessel simulation module is used for placing the blank module in a visual field and observing the number of steps which can be seen clearly; the higher the order, the better;

subtraction artifact: combining the ladder modules into a uniform square body with the thickness of 20 x 15cm, and simulating the human body thickness of 15 cm; placing a bone module and an arterial vessel simulation module on the ladder module; the mask and the subtracted image are obtained in the subtraction mode, namely, the subtraction is carried out by using the self image, and only the system noise exists; and observing whether the edges of the round holes are visible in the image, and if so, indicating that an unstable factor exists in the imaging system.

While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The quality detection phantom is characterized by comprising a U-shaped block, a socket module, a ladder module and a skeleton module which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, wherein the socket module is provided with a jack, a replaceable simulation module is arranged in the jack, and the replaceable simulation module comprises an arterial vessel simulation module, a heart coronary artery simulation module, a carotid artery simulation module and a renal artery simulation module; a resolution test module can also be placed in the socket module; the system also comprises a blank module and a marking module, wherein the blank module is used as a control group of the arterial vessel simulation module and is placed on the same plane with the arterial vessel simulation module; the marking module and the resolution testing module work cooperatively;

the marking module is a cuboid water glass plate, a unfilled corner is arranged at the upper left corner and used for determining the correct placement position of the module, and a lead wire is embedded in the position, which is 1cm away from each side, of the surface of the marking module;

2. A mass phantom suitable for use in digital subtraction angiography as defined in claim 1, wherein the heart-like recess includes a left branch and a right branch, the left branch and the right branch having two branches, respectively; the first branch of the right branch and the first branch of the left Zhi Di branch are respectively provided with a hard material simulating blocking, each branch is respectively provided with three sections of blocking, and the blocking degree is 25%, 50% and 75% in sequence.

3. The mass detection phantom for digital subtraction angiography technology according to claim 1, wherein the arterial vessel simulation module has a cuboid shape, and three grooves simulating arterial vessels with diameters of 0.1cm, 0.2cm and 0.4cm are formed on the surface of the arterial vessel simulation module; each groove contains a circle with a diameter of 1cm simulating an aneurysm.

4. A mass detection phantom suitable for use in digital subtraction angiography as claimed in claim 3, wherein the three grooves are provided with simulated arterial contrast agent at a concentration of 25%, 50% and 75% respectively and iodine at a concentration of 15mg/ml; the three circles are internally provided with contrast agents with different iodine concentrations, and the iodine concentrations are respectively 1.5mg/ml, 3mg/ml and 6mg/ml.

5. The quality detection phantom for digital subtraction angiography technology according to claim 1, wherein the carotid artery simulation module comprises a rectangular water glass plate, a section of detachable water glass cylinder is embedded in the water glass plate, the water glass cylinder is fixed in the water glass plate through a gear, and a carotid artery model manufactured by a 3D printer is sealed in the water glass cylinder; the carotid sinus of the carotid model mimics 25%, 50% and 75% of the three occlusion conditions on the three models, respectively, using stearin, in sequence, from the common carotid artery to the internal carotid artery, and there is a stuck aluminum sheet on the inner wall to mimic plaque, and the carotid model has a contrast agent sealed inside.

6. A mass phantom adapted for use in digital subtraction angiography as defined in claim 1, wherein said renal artery simulation modules include A, B sets of simulation modules, set a simulating atherosclerotic lesions and set B simulating aortic inflammatory lesions; each group of simulation modules is provided with three water glass substrates, and each water glass substrate is engraved with a renal artery simulating groove; the kidney-shaped artery-like groove is filled with contrast agent, the opening diameter of the kidney-shaped artery-like groove is 0.7cm, the opening gradually decreases along with the downward shape of the kidney artery, and the opening size of the tail end is 0.05cm;

7. A method of detecting a mass phantom suitable for use in digital subtraction angiography techniques as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

when the air kerma rate test is carried out, the step module is combined into a cuboid, the blank part of the resolution test module is inserted into the slot module, the cuboid is placed on the slot module to be combined into a uniform square body with the size of 20 x 15cm, and the uniform square body is horizontally placed on a catheter bed and is positioned in the field of view of the image detection part so as to simulate the human body thickness of 15 cm; placing a multifunctional probe of the Baracuda X-ray analyzer at the top end of the uniform square body, and enabling a ray detection surface to face the direction of the bulb tube;

8. The method as recited in claim 7, further comprising: