CN106505218B - A method of with waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS2 combination electrode material - Google Patents
A method of with waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS2 combination electrode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106505218B CN106505218B CN201610997813.1A CN201610997813A CN106505218B CN 106505218 B CN106505218 B CN 106505218B CN 201610997813 A CN201610997813 A CN 201610997813A CN 106505218 B CN106505218 B CN 106505218B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
Mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared with waste mushroom leftover the invention discloses a kind of2The method of combination electrode material, this method comprises the following steps: the pretreatment of (one), carbon source；(2), mesoporous carbon is prepared；(3) mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution are prepared；(4), mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared2With combination electrode material；Advantages of the present invention: (one), using above-mentioned preparation method, mesoporous carbon and FeS are realized2The synthesis of combination electrode material；(2), the present invention can effectively solve the processing problem of waste mushroom bran, turns waste into wealth, reduces environmental pollution, realize the cyclic utilization of waste, reduces production cost；(3), preparation process is simple, process conditions are mild, easy to operate；(4), the present invention has expanded the new approaches of synthesising mesoporous carbon composite；(5), mesoporous carbon prepared by the present invention and FeS2Combination electrode material, stability is preferable, is suitable as the cathod catalyst of fuel cell, battery performance can be made to be remarkably reinforced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of composite preparation, and in particular to a kind of to prepare mesoporous carbon and FeS with waste mushroom leftover2
The method of combination electrode material.
Background technique
Since fullerene and carbon nanotube are found, the application of carbon material obtains extensive exploitation, and wherein mesoporous carbon has height
The advantages that specific surface area, regulatable pore structure, good chemical stability, is widely used in electrode material, fuel cell, catalysis
Agent carrier, adsorbent etc..After mesoporous carbon and precious metals pt are compound, there is good electro catalytic activity, be widely used in fuel cell electricity
Pole material.But precious metals pt is expensive, causes battery at high cost, is unfavorable for industrializing.And Transition-metal dichalcogenide exists
Oxygen reduction catalytic activity is high in acid medium, stability is good, production cost is low, with good application prospect.FeS2With it is mesoporous
The advantages of carbon composite is with mesoporous carbon and Transition-metal dichalcogenide, electrocatalytic oxidation reducing property and stability are good,
It is a kind of up-and-coming cathode catalyst material.The synthesis of mesoporous carbon is different according to used template, be divided into soft template method and
Two class of hard template method, carbon source mostly use the organic matters such as phenolic resin, sucrose, health alcohol, and process conditions are complicated, are not easy to be graphitized, raw
It produces at high cost.Therefore, simplify synthesis technology, reduce carbon source cost, become mesoporous carbon research field important goal.
Currently, Edible Fungi Industry Development is rapid, with expanding rapidly for edible fungus culturing scale, waste material of edible mushroom is also more next
It is more.To these waste material of edible mushroom, it is improper that processing utilizes, and not only waste of resource, also causes pollution environment.Waste material of edible mushroom is also known as
Mushroom bran lignin rich in, cellulose and minerals are preferable cheap carbon sources.Active carbon is prepared using mushroom bran, it is only several
Piece document report, such as patent (publication number CN104310394A) and (publication number CN101993069A).But it is situated between using mushroom bran synthesis
Hole carbon material does not have document report.In conjunction with the above analysis, selects waste mushroom leftover for carbon source, with a kind of simple method, had
The mesoporous carbon and FeS of high-specific surface area2Combination electrode material is the work of a particularly significant scientific meaning.
Summary of the invention
Mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared with waste mushroom leftover the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of2The method of combination electrode material, solution
The certainly processing problem of waste mushroom bran realizes resource circulation utilization, reduces carbon source cost.Meanwhile it solving prior art preparation and being situated between
Hole carbon and FeS2Particle size existing for combination electrode material is big, reaction ratio is uncontrollable and the harsh problem of process conditions.
To achieve the above object the technical scheme is that, it is a kind of to prepare mesoporous carbon and FeS with waste mushroom leftover2Compound electric
The method of pole material, comprising the following steps:
One, the pretreatment of carbon source: taking waste mushroom leftover is carbon source, is crushed, and 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid, ultrasound 40~60 is added
Min, filters distilled water cleaning, and 50 DEG C of dryings are then placed in 0.5 mol/LCoCl2In solution, after at the uniform velocity 60~90min of stirring,
40 DEG C of vacuum drying, control waste mushroom leftover and CoCl2Mass ratio be 10:1；
Two, it prepares mesoporous carbon: sample obtained by step 1 is put into tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, gradient increased temperature roasting 3~4
Hour, it is cooled to room temperature, is added in 1~2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stir at low speed 3 hours, after being filtered under diminished pressure, first use distilled water
Washing, then use ethanol washing, then 40 DEG C of 70~100 min of vacuum drying, both obtained mesoporous carbon；
Three, prepare mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution: it is 20 that mesoporous carbon obtained by step 2, which is added to volume fraction,
In~40% glycol water, iron chloride is then added, the mass ratio of the mesoporous carbon and iron chloride that control addition is 1:2~1:
4, at the uniform velocity 20~40 min of stirring, while NH is added dropwise3˙H2O sets up pH, and mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution is made；
Four, mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared2With combination electrode material: mesoporous carbon obtained by step 3 and iron hydroxide being mixed molten
Reducing agent thiocarbamide is added in liquid, under certain frequency after 10~40 min of ultrasound, 120~160 DEG C of temperature control back flow reaction 15 hours,
It filters, washing, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying, the ratio for controlling the amount of the thiocarbamide of addition and the substance of iron chloride is 2:1 to get to mesoporous carbon
With FeS2Combination electrode material.
The amount that hydrochloric acid is added in the step 1 in 50 g waste mushroom leftovers is 80~100 mL, the step 1 supersonic frequency
For 30~50kHz.
The gradient increased temperature of the step 2 is first to be warming up to 300~400 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, then be warming up to 800~900 DEG C
Constant temperature 2~3 hours, stirring at low speed speed was 50 ~ 100r/min.
The at the uniform velocity mixing speed of the step 3 is 150 ~ 200r/min, wherein NH is added dropwise3˙H2O tune pH=8~10.
The supersonic frequency of the step 4 is 30~50kHz, and the vacuum drying vacuum degree satisfaction of step 4 is less than etc.
In 50Pa.
The waste mushroom leftover is mushroom mushroom bran, needle mushroom mushroom bran, pholiota nameko mushroom bran, auricuralia auricular bran, ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran, tremella
It is one or more of in mushroom bran.
Advantages of the present invention: one, using above-mentioned preparation method, mesoporous carbon and FeS are realized2The conjunction of combination electrode material
At；Two, the present invention can effectively solve the processing problem of waste mushroom bran, turns waste into wealth, reduces environmental pollution, realizes waste
Recycle, reduce production cost；Three, preparation process is simple, process conditions are mild, easy to operate；Four, the present invention expands
The new approaches of synthesising mesoporous carbon composite；Five, mesoporous carbon prepared by the present invention and FeS2Combination electrode material, stability compared with
It is good, it is suitable as the cathod catalyst of fuel cell, battery performance can be made to be remarkably reinforced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the mesoporous carbon and FeS that embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 obtain respectively2Combination electrode
The graph of pore diameter distribution of material.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the present invention, illustrate technical solution of the present invention below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1: a kind of to prepare mesoporous carbon and FeS with waste mushroom leftover2The method of combination electrode material, specifically by following
What step was completed:
One, the pretreatment of carbon source: taking 50 g waste mushroom leftovers, crushes, and 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid 80mL is added, in the frequency of 30kHz
60 min of ultrasound under rate, filter distilled water cleaning, then 0.5 mol/LCoCl is added in 50 DEG C of dryings280 mL of solution, is at the uniform velocity stirred
After mixing 60 min, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying control waste mushroom leftover and CoCl2Mass ratio be 10:1；
Two, it prepares mesoporous carbon: sample obtained by step 1 being put into tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, is first warming up to 300 DEG C of constant temperature
1 hour, then it is warming up to 800 DEG C of constant temperature 3 hours, it is cooled to room temperature, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution 50mL is added, 50r/min stirring 3 is small
When, it after being filtered under diminished pressure, is first washed with distilled water, then with ethanol washing, then 40 DEG C of 70 min of vacuum drying, had both been made mesoporous
Carbon；
Three, mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution are prepared: taking and is graphitized mesoporous carbon obtained by 1 g step 2,50mL is added
Volume fraction is 20% glycol water, and 2 g iron chloride are then added, at the uniform velocity stir 20 min, while NH is added dropwise3˙H2O tune pH
=8, mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution is made；
Four, mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared2With combination electrode material: mesoporous carbon obtained by step 3 and iron hydroxide being mixed molten
Reducing agent thiocarbamide is added in liquid, under the frequency of 30kHz after 40 min of ultrasound, 120 DEG C of temperature control back flow reaction 15 hours is filtered,
Washing, 40 DEG C are dried in vacuo to get mesoporous carbon and FeS is arrived2Combination electrode material.
The thiocarbamide being added in the present embodiment is 1.88g.
It is at the uniform velocity stirred in the present embodiment, i.e., revolving speed is 150r/min.
The mesoporous carbon and FeS obtained to the present embodiment2Combination electrode material carries out pore-size distribution test, obtains pore-size distribution
As shown in Figure 1, pore-size distribution is in 20nm or so, in macropore range.
Embodiment 2: a kind of to prepare mesoporous carbon and FeS with waste mushroom leftover2The method of combination electrode material, specifically by following
What step was completed:
One, the pretreatment of carbon source: taking 50 g waste mushroom leftovers, crushes, and 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid 90mL is added, in the frequency of 40kHz
50 min of ultrasound under rate, filter distilled water cleaning, then 0.5 mol/LCoCl is added in 50 DEG C of dryings280 mL of solution, is at the uniform velocity stirred
After mixing 70 min, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying control waste mushroom leftover and CoCl2Mass ratio be 10:1；
Two, it prepares mesoporous carbon: sample obtained by step 1 being put into tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, is first warming up to 350 DEG C of constant temperature
1 hour, then it is warming up to 850 DEG C of constant temperature 3 hours, it is cooled to room temperature, 1.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution 50mL, 70r/min stirring 3 is added
Hour, it after being filtered under diminished pressure, is first washed with distilled water, then with ethanol washing, then 40 DEG C of 80 min of vacuum drying, had both been made mesoporous
Carbon；
Three, mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution are prepared: taking mesoporous carbon obtained by 1 g step 2,50mL volume point is added
Number is 30% glycol water, and 3 g iron chloride are then added, at the uniform velocity stir 30 min, while NH is added dropwise3˙H2O tune pH=9, system
Obtain mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution；
Four, mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared2With combination electrode material: mesoporous carbon obtained by step 3 and iron hydroxide being mixed molten
Reducing agent thiocarbamide is added in liquid, under the frequency of 40kHz after 20 min of ultrasound, 140 DEG C of temperature control back flow reaction 15 hours is filtered,
Washing, 40 DEG C are dried in vacuo to get mesoporous carbon and FeS is arrived2Combination electrode material.
The thiocarbamide quality being added in the present embodiment is 2.80g.
It is at the uniform velocity stirred in the present embodiment, i.e., revolving speed is 180r/min.
The mesoporous carbon and FeS obtained to the present embodiment2Combination electrode material carries out pore-size distribution test, obtains pore-size distribution
As shown in Fig. 2, the aperture of mesoporous carbon is obviously in macropore range.
Embodiment 3: a kind of to prepare mesoporous carbon and FeS with waste mushroom leftover2The method of combination electrode material, specifically by following
What step was completed:
One, the pretreatment of carbon source: taking 50 g waste mushroom leftovers, crushes, and 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid 100mL is added, in the frequency of 50kHz
40 min of ultrasound under rate, filter distilled water cleaning, then 0.5 mol/LCoCl is added in 50 DEG C of dryings280 mL of solution, is at the uniform velocity stirred
After mixing 90 min, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying control waste mushroom leftover and CoCl2Mass ratio be 10:1；
Two, it prepares mesoporous carbon: sample obtained by step 1 being put into tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, is first warming up to 400 DEG C of constant temperature
1 hour, then it is warming up to 900 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, it is cooled to room temperature, 2.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution 50mL, 100r/min stirring is added
It 3 hours, after being filtered under diminished pressure, is first washed with distilled water, then with ethanol washing, then 40 DEG C of 100 min of vacuum drying, is both made and is situated between
Hole carbon；
Three, mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution are prepared: taking mesoporous carbon obtained by 1 g step 2,50mL volume point is added
Number is 30% glycol water, and 4 g iron chloride are then added, at the uniform velocity stir 40 min, while NH is added dropwise3˙H2O tune pH=10, system
Obtain mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution；
Four, mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared2With combination electrode material: mesoporous carbon obtained by step 3 and iron hydroxide being mixed molten
Reducing agent thiocarbamide is added in liquid, under the frequency of 50kHz after 10 min of ultrasound, 160 DEG C of temperature control back flow reaction 15 hours is filtered,
Washing, 40 DEG C are dried in vacuo to get mesoporous carbon and FeS is arrived2Combination electrode material.
The thiocarbamide quality being added in the present embodiment is 3.74g.
It is at the uniform velocity stirred in the present embodiment, i.e., revolving speed is 200r/min.
The mesoporous carbon and FeS obtained to the present embodiment2Combination electrode material carries out pore-size distribution test, obtains pore-size distribution
As shown in figure 3, the aperture of mesoporous carbon is in macropore range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of prepare mesoporous carbon and FeS with waste mushroom leftover2The method of combination electrode material, it is characterised in that: the preparation side
Method includes the following steps:
(1), the pretreatment of carbon source: taking waste mushroom leftover is carbon source, is crushed, addition 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid, 40~60 min of ultrasound,
Distilled water cleaning is filtered, 50 DEG C of dryings are then placed in 0.5 mol/LCoCl2In solution, after at the uniform velocity 60~90min of stirring, 40 DEG C
Vacuum drying controls waste mushroom leftover and CoCl2Mass ratio be 10:1；
(2), it prepares mesoporous carbon: sample obtained by step (1) is put into tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, gradient increased temperature roasting 3~4
Hour, it is cooled to room temperature, is added in 1~2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stir at low speed 3 hours, after being filtered under diminished pressure, first use distilled water
Washing, then use ethanol washing, then 40 DEG C of 70~100 min of vacuum drying, both obtained mesoporous carbon；
(3), prepare mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution: it is 20 that mesoporous carbon obtained by step (2), which is added to volume fraction,
In~40% glycol water, iron chloride is then added, the mass ratio of the mesoporous carbon and iron chloride that control addition is 1:2~1:
4, at the uniform velocity 20~40 min of stirring, while NH is added dropwise3˙H2O sets up pH, and mesoporous carbon and iron hydroxide mixed solution is made；
(4), mesoporous carbon and FeS are prepared2With combination electrode material: by mesoporous carbon obtained by step (3) and iron hydroxide mixed solution
Middle addition reducing agent thiocarbamide, under certain frequency after 10~40 min of ultrasound, 120~160 DEG C of temperature control back flow reaction 15 hours is taken out
Filter, washing, 40 DEG C vacuum drying, control the amount of the thiocarbamide of addition and the substance of iron chloride ratio be 2:1 to get to mesoporous carbon with
FeS2Combination electrode material.
2. a kind of waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS according to claim 12The method of combination electrode material, it is special
Sign is: the amount that hydrochloric acid is added in the step (1) in 50 g waste mushroom leftovers is 80~100 mL, the step (1) ultrasound
Frequency is 30~50kHz.
3. a kind of waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS according to claim 12The method of combination electrode material, it is special
Sign is: the step (2) gradient increased temperature is first to be warming up to 300~400 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, then be warming up to 800~900 DEG C of perseverances
Temperature 2~3 hours, stirring at low speed speed is 50 ~ 100r/min.
4. a kind of waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS according to claim 12The method of combination electrode material, it is special
Sign is: the at the uniform velocity mixing speed of the step (3) is 150 ~ 200r/min, wherein NH is added dropwise3˙H2O tune pH=8~10.
5. a kind of waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS according to claim 12The method of combination electrode material, it is special
Sign is: the step (4) supersonic frequency is 30~50kHz, and the vacuum drying vacuum degree satisfaction of step (4) is less than etc.
In 50Pa.
6. a kind of waste mushroom leftover preparation mesoporous carbon and FeS according to claim 12The method of combination electrode material, it is special
Sign is: the waste mushroom leftover is mushroom mushroom bran, needle mushroom mushroom bran, pholiota nameko mushroom bran, auricuralia auricular bran, ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran, tremella
It is one or more of in mushroom bran.
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| CN104941589A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 西部矿业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of porous biological carbon heavy metal adsorbing material based on cotton straw |
| CN105098183A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2015-11-25 | 长春市朗欢科技有限公司 | Preparation for carbon anode material of lithium ion battery by using rice hull as raw material |
| CN105633424A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Cobweb-based porous activated carbon fiber material and application |
| CN105762372A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-13 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing microbial fuel cell anode electrodes from agricultural wastes |
| CN106186249A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of micro-nano iron sulfide/porous carbon composite and preparation and seaweed biomass thereof are applied |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105098183A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2015-11-25 | 长春市朗欢科技有限公司 | Preparation for carbon anode material of lithium ion battery by using rice hull as raw material |
| CN104941589A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 西部矿业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of porous biological carbon heavy metal adsorbing material based on cotton straw |
| CN105633424A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Cobweb-based porous activated carbon fiber material and application |
| CN105762372A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-13 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing microbial fuel cell anode electrodes from agricultural wastes |
| CN106186249A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of micro-nano iron sulfide/porous carbon composite and preparation and seaweed biomass thereof are applied |
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