CN106501740B - Superconducting magnet quench detection method and device - Google Patents

Superconducting magnet quench detection method and device Download PDF

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CN106501740B
CN106501740B CN201610843208.9A CN201610843208A CN106501740B CN 106501740 B CN106501740 B CN 106501740B CN 201610843208 A CN201610843208 A CN 201610843208A CN 106501740 B CN106501740 B CN 106501740B
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quench
voltage
coil
temperature
single coil
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CN106501740A (en
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陈盼盼
诸嘉慧
丘明
张宏杰
刘二伟
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种超导磁体失超检测方法和装置，方法包括实时检测每个单元线圈的电压和电流；计算相邻两个单元线圈的功率差，并求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值；若单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于功率失超阈值，则判断为该单元线圈处于功率失超状态。本发明对单元线圈进行功率失超状态检测，并通过比较准确定位处于功率失超状态的单元线圈位置；分别对单体线圈进行电压、温度失超状态进行检测，并通过逐级比较准确定位处于电压、温度失超状态的单体线圈位置；本发明综合了电气量和非电气量检测，克服了单一失超检测法的缺陷。同时引入了电压校正系数，大大提高了超导磁体失超检测的可靠性。

Figure 201610843208

The invention provides a superconducting magnet quench detection method and device. The method includes real-time detection of the voltage and current of each unit coil; The absolute value of the power difference of the coil; if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, it is determined that the unit coil is in a power quench state. The invention detects the power quench state of the unit coil, and accurately locates the position of the unit coil in the power quench state by comparing; The position of the single coil in the quench state of voltage and temperature; the invention integrates the detection of electric quantity and non-electric quantity, and overcomes the defect of the single quench detection method. At the same time, a voltage correction coefficient is introduced, which greatly improves the reliability of quench detection of superconducting magnets.

Figure 201610843208

Description

Superconducting magnet quench detection method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quench detection method, in particular to a quench detection method and a quench detection device for a superconducting magnet.
Background
The superconducting energy storage system can be used for improving the stability of the system, improving the power supply quality, storing electric energy in a dispersed power supply system containing new energy such as solar energy, wind energy and the like and improving the power output characteristic in a power system, and can also be used for an emergency power supply of important devices. These excellent properties of superconducting energy storage systems would bring immeasurable technical and economic benefits in power systems. When the superconducting energy storage system is applied to a power system, problems which need to be solved are brought, wherein quench of the superconducting magnet is one of key problems influencing safe and stable operation of the superconducting energy storage system.
Superconductors can exhibit superconducting characteristics only when specific conditions are satisfied. Once the conditions are broken, the magnet will quench. Because the superconducting energy storage device operating in the power system encounters various dynamic processes such as system short-circuit fault, and is subjected to the impact of large short-circuit current and unbalanced current and the effects of electromagnetic, mechanical stress and heat generated thereby, the superconducting magnet may be quenched. The superconducting magnet quench is accompanied by magnet overcurrent and heating, the magnet can be damaged by serious local temperature rise, if measures are not taken in time, a large amount of energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy through the coil, the magnet can be burnt, and the safe, stable and economic operation of a superconducting power system is further influenced.
As a core component of the superconducting energy storage system, the superconducting energy storage magnet can be in the structural form of a ring-shaped superconducting energy storage magnet, a parallel multi-solenoid-shaped superconducting energy storage magnet and a simple single solenoid-shaped superconducting energy storage magnet. The superconducting annular magnet is formed by arranging a plurality of unit coils along the circumferential direction, wherein each unit coil is used as a coil module of the magnet and is formed by connecting a plurality of single coils in series. The ring magnet involves unit coils, single coils, the number of coils being very large, up to hundreds, and quench detection being also much more complex than a single coil. How to timely and effectively detect the quench of the superconducting magnet and protect the quench becomes an important aspect of superconducting application, and has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
When the superconducting magnet normally runs in a superconducting state, the superconducting magnet basically has no resistance, does not generate heat, and does not change voltage and temperature; when the system is in failure, the superconducting condition is damaged, the superconducting magnet enters a non-superconducting state, and the superconducting magnet generates heat, and the voltage and the temperature rise rapidly. Based on the above, in order to solve the problem of quench detection of the superconducting magnet, the invention provides a superconducting magnet quench detection method and device, which are used for detecting the power quench state of a unit coil and the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of a single coil.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a superconducting magnet quench detection method, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the voltage and current of each unit coil in real time;
calculating the power difference of two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and the current of each unit coil, and solving the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent unit coils;
and if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, judging that the unit coil is in a power quench state.
The superconducting magnet is formed by annularly arranging N unit coils, and each unit coil is formed by M single coils which are connected in series and provided with a temperature probe and a lead.
The calculating the power difference of the two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and the current of each unit coil and the solving of the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent unit coils comprises:
P1＝(u1-u2)i1
P2＝(u2-u3)i2
…
Pn＝(un-un+1)in
…
PN＝(uN-u1)iN
wherein u isnIs the voltage of the nth unit coil, and N is 1,2nIs the current of the nth unit coil, and i1＝i2＝...＝in＝...＝iN；
Calculating the absolute value | P of the power difference between the unit coil and two adjacent unit coils1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|PN|。
If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, the step of judging that the unit coil is in the power quench state comprises the following steps:
setting the power quench threshold to PquenchThe absolute value P of the power difference between the unit coil and two adjacent unit coils1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|PNL is respectively associated with PquenchComparing, if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than PquenchIt indicates that the unit coil is in a power quench state.
If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, indicating that the unit coil is in the power quench state includes:
setting the power delay constant value to NPWhen the absolute value of the power difference between a certain unit coil and two adjacent coils exceeds PquenchSustained NPAnd when the sampling point is detected, the unit coil is in a power quench state.
If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, the step of judging that the unit coil is in the power quench state comprises the following steps:
and respectively detecting the voltage quench state and/or the temperature quench state of the single coil.
The detecting of the voltage quench state of the single coil comprises the following steps:
let the collection time interval of voltage and current be Deltat1Detecting the current and the voltage of each single coil in real time, taking each H sampling points as a group, solving the average value of the current of each group, and calculating the induction voltage u of a certain single coil according to the inductance value L of the single coilLThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001118932500000031
wherein ilThe current of the l sampling point;
calculating the average value u of two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time, including:
Figure BDA0001118932500000032
wherein u islIs the voltage at the ith sample point;
according to u and uLCalculating the resistance voltage u of the single coilRThe method comprises the following steps:
uR＝u-uL
introducing a voltage correction coefficient alpha, comprising:
u′R＝u-αuL
wherein u isR' to the resistance voltage of the cell coil after introducing the voltage correction coefficient alpha,
Figure BDA0001118932500000033
u ' is the average voltage value u ' when the single coil is not in the voltage quenching state 'LThe induction voltage is the induction voltage when the single coil is not in the voltage quenching state;
setting the voltage quench threshold to uquenchWill uR' and uquenchComparison, if uR' greater than uquenchAnd indicating that the single coil is in a voltage quenching state.
Detecting a temperature quench condition of the cell coil includes:
the temperature probes arranged on the single coils detect the temperature of the single coils in real time, and the temperature acquisition time interval for acquiring the temperature of a certain single coil by the temperature probes is delta t2Calculating the temperature change rate v of a single coilTThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001118932500000041
wherein, TkTemperature, T, of the monoblock coil acquired for the kth time of the temperature probek-1The temperature of the single coil collected by the temperature probe at the k-1 st time;
let the temperature quench threshold be vquenchThe rate of change v of the temperature of a single body coilTAnd vquenchBy comparison, if vTGreater than vquenchAnd indicating that the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
The detecting of the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises:
setting the temperature rise delay constant value to NTV is to beTAnd vquenchMaking a comparison when vTOver vquenchSustained NTAfter sampling points, the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
The invention also provides a superconducting magnet quench detection device, comprising:
means for detecting voltage and current of each unit coil in real time;
means for calculating a power difference between two adjacent element coils according to the voltage and current of each element coil, and solving an absolute value of the power difference between the element coil and the two adjacent element coils;
means for setting a power quench threshold; and
and the device is used for judging that the absolute values of the power differences between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils are larger than the power quench threshold value, and indicating that the unit coil is in a power quench state.
The superconducting magnet is formed by annularly arranging N unit coils, and each unit coil is formed by M single coils which are connected in series and provided with a temperature probe and a lead.
The device for calculating the power difference between two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and the current of each unit coil and solving the power difference absolute value between the unit coil and the two adjacent unit coils comprises the following steps:
means for calculating the power difference between two adjacent element coils according to the following formula:
P1＝(u1-u2)i1
P2＝(u2-u3)i2
…
Pn＝(un-un+1)in
…
PN＝(uN-u1)iN
wherein u isnIs the voltage of the nth unit coil, and N is 1,2nIs the current of the nth unit coil, and i1＝i2＝...＝in＝...＝iN(ii) a And
and the device is used for solving the power difference absolute value between the unit coil and two adjacent unit coils.
The quench detection apparatus further includes:
for setting power delay timing value NPThe apparatus of (1); and
used for judging whether the absolute value of the power difference between a certain unit coil and two adjacent coils exceeds PquenchSustained NPAnd when the sampling point is detected, the unit coil is in a power quench state.
The quench detection apparatus further includes:
and the device is used for detecting the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of the single coil.
The device for detecting the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises:
and a device for detecting the voltage quench state of the single coil.
The device for detecting the voltage quench state of the single coil comprises:
means for setting acquisition time intervals for the voltage and current;
means for detecting in real time the voltage and current of each cell coil;
means for setting a voltage quench threshold;
the device is used for introducing a voltage correction coefficient to calculate the resistance voltage of the single coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced; and
and the device is used for judging that the resistance voltage of the single coil is greater than the voltage quench threshold value after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced, and indicating that the single coil is in a voltage quench state.
The device for introducing the voltage correction coefficient to calculate the resistance voltage of the single coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced comprises the following steps:
and a device for taking each H sampling points as a group, solving the average value of the current of each group, and calculating the induction voltage of a single coil according to the inductance value L of the single coil by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001118932500000051
wherein, Δ t1For the acquisition time interval of voltage and current, ilIs the current at the l-th sampling point, uLThe induced voltage of a certain single coil;
means for calculating an average of two sets of voltages adjacent at the same time by:
Figure BDA0001118932500000061
wherein u islIs the voltage of the l sampling point, u is the average value of two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time;
for according to u and uLMeans for calculating the resistance voltage of the cell coil by:
uR＝u-uL
wherein u isRIs the resistance voltage of the cell coil.
The device for introducing the voltage correction coefficient calculates the resistance voltage of the single coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced according to the following formula:
u′R＝u-αuL
wherein, alpha is a voltage correction coefficient,
Figure BDA0001118932500000063
uR'is the resistance voltage of the cell coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced, u' is the average voltage value, u 'when the cell coil is not in the voltage quenching state'LThe induced voltage is the induced voltage when the single coil is not in the voltage quenching state.
The device for detecting the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises:
and a device for detecting the temperature quench state of the single coil.
The apparatus for detecting a temperature quench state of the cell coil includes:
the temperature probe is arranged on the single coil and used for detecting the temperature of the single coil in real time;
a device for setting a temperature acquisition time interval for acquiring the temperature of a certain single coil by the temperature probe;
means for calculating a rate of temperature change of a certain cell coil by the following formula;
Figure BDA0001118932500000062
wherein v isTIs the rate of change of temperature, T, of a certain monolithic coilkTemperature, T, of the monoblock coil acquired for the kth time of the temperature probek-1Temperature of the single coil, delta t, acquired for the kth-1 th time of the temperature probe2Acquiring the temperature acquisition time interval of a certain single coil for the temperature probe;
for setting the temperature quench threshold vquenchThe apparatus of (1); and
for judging vTGreater than vquenchAnd then the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
The apparatus for detecting a temperature quench state of the cell coil further includes:
for setting a constant value N of temperature rise delayTThe apparatus of (1);
for judging vTOver vquenchSustained NTAnd after sampling points, the device indicates that the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method and the device carry out power quench state detection on the unit coils in the superconducting magnet, and determine the power quench state of the corresponding unit coils through comparison, so that the position of the unit coils in the power quench state can be accurately positioned;
2) the invention detects the voltage quench state of the single coil, and determines the voltage quench state of the corresponding single coil through step-by-step comparison, thereby accurately positioning the position of the single coil in the voltage quench state;
3) the invention detects the temperature quench state of the single coil, and determines the temperature quench state of the corresponding single coil through step-by-step comparison, thereby accurately positioning the position of the single coil in the temperature quench state;
4) the invention integrates the detection of the electric quantity and the non-electric quantity, and overcomes the defect of a single quench detection method. And meanwhile, a voltage correction coefficient is introduced, so that the reliability of voltage quench detection is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a superconducting magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a superconducting magnet quench detection method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a superconducting magnet quench detection method, as shown in fig. 1, the superconducting magnet is formed by annularly arranging 16 unit coils, each unit coil is formed by connecting 2 single coils in series, and each single coil is provided with a temperature probe and a lead; as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
the invention provides a superconducting magnet quench detection method, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the voltage and current of each unit coil in real time;
calculating the power difference of two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and the current of each unit coil, and solving the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent unit coils;
and if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, judging that the unit coil is in a power quench state.
The calculating the power difference of the two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and the current of each unit coil and the solving of the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent unit coils comprises:
P1＝(u1-u2)i1
P2＝(u2-u3)i2
…
Pn＝(un-un+1)in
…
P16＝(u16-u1)i16
wherein u isnIs the voltage of the nth unit coil, and n is 1,2nIs the current of the nth unit coil, and i1＝i2＝...＝in＝...＝i16；
Calculating the absolute value | P of the power difference between two adjacent unit coils1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|P16|；
If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, indicating that the unit coil is in the power quench state includes:
setting the power quench threshold to PquenchThe absolute value | P of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two unit coils1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|P16L is respectively associated with PquenchComparing, if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than PquenchIt indicates that the unit coil is in a power quench state.
If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, the step of judging that the unit coil is in the power quench state comprises the following steps:
setting power delay timing NPWhen the absolute value of the power difference between a certain unit coil and two adjacent coils exceeds PquenchWhen the sampling time lasts for 3 sampling points, the sampling time is shownThe unit coil is in a power quench state. By setting the power delay timing NPCompared with the former method, the method reduces the misjudgment of the power quench state of the unit coil and improves the detection accuracy.
If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, the step of judging that the unit coil is in the power quench state comprises the following steps:
and respectively detecting the voltage quench state and/or the temperature quench state of the single coil.
The detecting of the voltage quench state of the single coil comprises the following steps:
let the collection time interval of voltage and current be Deltat1Detecting the current and voltage of each single coil in real time, taking each 5 sampling points as one group, and calculating the average value I of the current of two adjacent groups1And I2And calculating the induced voltage u of a single coil according to the inductance L of the single coilLThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001118932500000091
wherein ilThe current of the l sampling point;
calculating the average value u of two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time, including:
Figure BDA0001118932500000092
wherein u islIs the voltage at the ith sample point;
according to u and uLCalculating the resistance voltage u of the single coilRThe method comprises the following steps:
uR＝u-uL
introducing a voltage correction coefficient alpha, comprising:
u′R＝u-αuL
wherein u isR' to the resistance voltage of the cell coil after introducing the voltage correction coefficient alpha,
Figure BDA0001118932500000093
u ' is the average voltage value u ' when the single coil is not in the voltage quenching state 'LThe induction voltage is the induction voltage when the single coil is not in the voltage quenching state;
setting the voltage quench threshold to uquenchWill uR' and uquenchComparison, if uR' greater than uquenchAnd indicating that the single coil is in a voltage quenching state.
Detecting a temperature quench condition of the cell coil includes:
the temperature probes arranged on the single coils detect the temperature of the single coils in real time, and the temperature acquisition time interval for acquiring the temperature of a certain single coil by the temperature probes is delta t2Calculating the temperature change rate v of a single coilTThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001118932500000094
wherein, TkTemperature, T, of the monoblock coil acquired for the kth time of the temperature probek-1The temperature of the single coil collected by the temperature probe at the k-1 st time;
let the temperature quench threshold be vquenchThe rate of change v of the temperature of a single body coilTAnd vquenchBy comparison, if vTGreater than vquenchAnd indicating that the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
The detecting of the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises:
setting the temperature rise delay constant value to NTWhen v is equal to 3, v isTAnd vquenchMaking a comparison when vTOver vquenchAfter 3 sampling points are continuously carried out, the single coil is in a temperature quenching state. By setting the temperature rise delay constant value to be NTCompared with the former method, the method reduces misjudgment of the temperature quench state of the single coil and improves the accuracy of detection.
The invention also provides a superconducting magnet quench detection device, comprising:
means for detecting voltage and current of each unit coil in real time;
means for calculating a power difference between two adjacent element coils according to the voltage and current of each element coil, and solving an absolute value of the power difference between the element coil and the two adjacent element coils;
means for setting a power quench threshold; and
and the device is used for judging that the absolute values of the power differences between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils are larger than the power quench threshold value, and indicating that the unit coil is in a power quench state.
The device for calculating the power difference between two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and the current of each unit coil and solving the power difference absolute value between the unit coil and the two adjacent unit coils comprises the following steps:
means for calculating the power difference between two adjacent element coils according to the following formula:
P1＝(u1-u2)i1
P2＝(u2-u3)i2
…
Pn＝(un-un+1)in
…
P16＝(u16-u1)i16
wherein u isnIs the voltage of the nth unit coil, and n is 1,2nIs the current of the nth unit coil, and i1＝i2＝...＝in＝...＝i16(ii) a And
for calculating absolute value | P of power difference between unit coil and two adjacent unit coils1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|P16L of the device.
The quench detection apparatus further includes:
for setting power delay timing value NPA device of 3; and
used for judging whether the absolute value of the power difference between a certain unit coil and two adjacent coils exceeds PquenchAnd when 3 sampling points are continuously carried out, the unit coil is in a power quench state.
The quench detection apparatus further includes:
and the device is used for detecting the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of the single coil.
The device for detecting the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises:
and a device for detecting the voltage quench state of the single coil.
The device for detecting the voltage quench state of the single coil comprises:
means for setting acquisition time intervals for the voltage and current;
means for detecting in real time the voltage and current of each cell coil;
means for setting a voltage quench threshold;
the device is used for introducing a voltage correction coefficient to calculate the resistance voltage of the single coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced; and
and the device is used for judging that the resistance voltage of the single coil is greater than the voltage quench threshold value after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced, and indicating that the single coil is in a voltage quench state.
The device for introducing the voltage correction coefficient to calculate the resistance voltage of the single coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced comprises the following steps:
for taking each 5 sampling points as one group, calculating the average value I of the current of two adjacent groups1And I2And means for calculating an induced voltage of a single coil from the inductance value L of the single coil by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001118932500000111
wherein ilThe current of the l sampling point;
means for calculating an average of two sets of voltages adjacent at the same time by:
Figure BDA0001118932500000112
wherein u islIs the voltage of the l sampling point, u is the average value of two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time;
for according to u and uLMeans for calculating the resistance voltage of the cell coil by:
uR＝u-uL
wherein u isRIs the resistance voltage of the cell coil.
The device for introducing the voltage correction coefficient calculates the resistance voltage of the single coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced according to the following formula:
u′R＝u-αuL
wherein, alpha is a voltage correction coefficient,
Figure BDA0001118932500000121
uR'is the resistance voltage of the cell coil after the voltage correction coefficient is introduced, u' is the average voltage value, u 'when the cell coil is not in the voltage quenching state'LThe induced voltage is the induced voltage when the single coil is not in the voltage quenching state.
The device for detecting the voltage quench state and the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises:
and a device for detecting the temperature quench state of the single coil.
The apparatus for detecting a temperature quench state of the cell coil includes:
the temperature probe is arranged on the single coil and used for detecting the temperature of the single coil in real time;
a device for setting a temperature acquisition time interval for acquiring the temperature of a certain single coil by the temperature probe;
means for calculating a rate of temperature change of a certain cell coil by the following formula;
Figure BDA0001118932500000122
wherein v isTIs the rate of change of temperature, T, of a certain monolithic coilkTemperature, T, of the monoblock coil acquired for the kth time of the temperature probek-1Temperature of the single coil, delta t, acquired for the kth-1 th time of the temperature probe2Acquiring the temperature acquisition time interval of a certain single coil for the temperature probe;
for setting the temperature quench threshold vquenchThe apparatus of (1); and
for judging vTGreater than vquenchAnd then the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
The apparatus for detecting a temperature quench state of the cell coil further includes:
for setting a constant value N of temperature rise delayTA device of 3;
for judging vTOver vquenchAnd after 3 sampling points are continuously carried out, the device indicates that the single coil is in a temperature quenching state.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications or equivalents to the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments, and such modifications or equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as set forth in the claims.

Claims (11)

1.一种超导磁体失超检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：1. a superconducting magnet quench detection method, is characterized in that, described method comprises: 实时检测每个单元线圈的电压和电流；Real-time detection of the voltage and current of each unit coil; 根据每个单元线圈的电压和电流计算相邻两个单元线圈的功率差，并求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值；Calculate the power difference of two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and current of each unit coil, and obtain the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two unit coils; 若单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于功率失超阈值，则判断该单元线圈处于功率失超状态；If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two coils is greater than the power quench threshold, it is judged that the unit coil is in a power quench state; 所述超导磁体由N个单元线圈环形排列构成，所述单元线圈由串联的设有温度探头和引线的M个单体线圈组成；The superconducting magnet is composed of N unit coils arranged in a ring, and the unit coils are composed of M single coils connected in series with temperature probes and lead wires; 所述根据每个单元线圈的电压和电流计算相邻两个单元线圈的功率差，并求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值包括：The calculating the power difference between two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and current of each unit coil, and obtaining the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two unit coils includes:
Figure FDA0002621405770000011
Figure FDA0002621405770000011
 其中，un为第n个单元线圈的电压，且n＝1,2,...,N，in为第n个单元线圈的电流，且i1＝i2＝...＝in＝...＝iN；Wherein, u n is the voltage of the nth unit coil, and n=1,2,...,N, in is the current of the nth unit coil, and i 1 = i 2 =...=in =...=i N ; 求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值|P1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|PN|；Obtain the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and two adjacent unit coils |P 1 |, |P 2 |, ..., |P n |, ..., |P N |; 所述若单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于功率失超阈值，则判断为该单元线圈处于功率失超状态之后包括：If the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two coils is greater than the power quench threshold, it is determined that the unit coil is in the power quench state and includes: 分别检测单体线圈的电压失超状态和/或温度失超状态；Detect the voltage quench state and/or temperature quench state of the single coil respectively; 所述检测单体线圈的电压失超状态包括：The voltage quench state of the detection single coil includes: 设电压和电流的采集时间间隔均为Δt1，实时检测每个单体线圈的电流和电压，每H个采样点作为一组，求取每组的电流平均值，并根据单体线圈的电感值L计算某个单体线圈的感应电压uL，有：Set the acquisition time interval of voltage and current to be Δt 1 , detect the current and voltage of each single coil in real time, and take each H sampling point as a group, obtain the current average value of each group, and calculate the current value of each group according to the inductance of the single coil. The value L calculates the induced voltage u L of a single coil, as follows:
Figure FDA0002621405770000021
Figure FDA0002621405770000021
 其中，il为第l个采样点的电流；Among them, i l is the current of the lth sampling point; 计算同时刻相邻两组电压的平均值u，有：Calculate the average value u of two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time, there are:
Figure FDA0002621405770000022
Figure FDA0002621405770000022
 其中，ul是第l个采样点的电压；Among them, ul is the voltage of the lth sampling point; 根据u和uL计算单体线圈的电阻电压uR，有：Calculate the resistance voltage u R of the single coil according to u and u L , there are: uR＝u-uL u R = uu L 引入电压校正系数α，有：Introducing the voltage correction coefficient α, there are: uR′＝u-αuL u R ′=u-αu L 其中，uR′为引入电压校正系数α后单体线圈的电阻电压，
Figure FDA0002621405770000023
u′为单体线圈未处于电压失超状态时的电压平均值，u′L为单体线圈未处于电压失超状态时的感应电压；Among them, u R ′ is the resistance voltage of the single coil after introducing the voltage correction coefficient α,
Figure FDA0002621405770000023
u' is the voltage average value when the single coil is not in the voltage quench state, u' L is the induced voltage when the single coil is not in the voltage quench state; 设电压失超阈值为uquench，将uR′与uquench比较，若uR′大于uquench，则表明该单体线圈处于电压失超状态。Set the voltage quench threshold as u quench , compare u R ′ with u quench , if u R ′ is greater than u quench , it means that the single coil is in a voltage quench state. 2.根据权利要求1所述的超导磁体失超检测方法，其特征在于，所述若单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于功率失超阈值，则判断该单元线圈处于功率失超状态包括：2. The quench detection method of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein, if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two coils is greater than the power quench threshold, it is judged that the unit coil is in Power quench states include: 设功率失超阈值为Pquench，将单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值|P1|、|P2|、...、|Pn|、...、|PN|分别与Pquench比较，若单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于Pquench，则表明该单元线圈处于功率失超状态。Let the power quench threshold be P quench , the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two unit coils |P 1 |, |P 2 |,..., |P n |,..., |P N |Compared with P quench respectively, if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the two adjacent coils is greater than P quench , it indicates that the unit coil is in a power quench state. 3.根据权利要求2所述的超导磁体失超检测方法，其特征在于，所述若单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于功率失超阈值，则判断该单元线圈处于功率失超状态包括：3. The superconducting magnet quench detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, if the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two coils is greater than the power quench threshold, it is judged that the unit coil is in Power quench states include: 设功率延时定值为NP，当某个单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值超过Pquench持续NP个采样点时，则表明该单元线圈处于功率失超状态。Assuming that the power delay value is NP , when the absolute value of the power difference between a unit coil and two adjacent coils exceeds P quench for NP sampling points, it indicates that the unit coil is in a power quench state. 4.根据权利要求1所述的超导磁体失超检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测单体线圈的温度失超状态包括：4. The quench detection method of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein the detecting the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises: 单体线圈上安装的温度探头实时检测单体线圈的温度，设温度探头采集某个单体线圈的温度采集时间间隔为Δt2，计算某个单体线圈的温度变化速率vT，有：The temperature probe installed on the single coil detects the temperature of the single coil in real time. Set the temperature acquisition time interval of the temperature probe to collect the temperature of a single coil as Δt 2 , and calculate the temperature change rate v T of a single coil, as follows:
Figure FDA0002621405770000031
Figure FDA0002621405770000031
 其中，Tk为温度探头第k次采集的单体线圈温度，Tk-1为温度探头第k-1次采集的单体线圈温度；Among them, Tk is the temperature of the single coil collected by the temperature probe at the kth time, and Tk -1 is the temperature of the single coil collected by the temperature probe at the k-1th time; 设温度失超阈值为vquench，将某个单体线圈的温度变化速率vT与vquench比较，若vT大于vquench，则表明该单体线圈处于温度失超状态。Set the temperature quench threshold as v quench , compare the temperature change rate v T of a single coil with v quench , if v T is greater than v quench , it means that the single coil is in a temperature quench state. 5.根据权利要求1所述的超导磁体失超检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测单体线圈的温度失超状态包括：5. The superconducting magnet quench detection method according to claim 1, wherein the detecting the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises: 设温升延时定值为NT，将vT与vquench进行比较，当vT超过vquench持续NT个采样点后，则表明该单体线圈处于温度失超状态。Set the temperature rise delay fixed value as N T , compare v T with v quench , when v T exceeds v quench for N T sampling points, it indicates that the single coil is in a temperature quench state. 6.一种超导磁体失超检测装置，其特征在于，所述失超检测装置包括：6. A superconducting magnet quench detection device, wherein the quench detection device comprises: 用于实时检测每个单元线圈的电压和电流的装置；A device for real-time detection of the voltage and current of each unit coil; 用于根据每个单元线圈的电压和电流计算相邻两个单元线圈的功率差，并求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值的装置；A device for calculating the power difference of two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and current of each unit coil, and obtaining the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two unit coils; 用于设置功率失超阈值的装置；以及means for setting a power quench threshold; and 用于判断单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值均大于功率失超阈值，则表明该单元线圈处于功率失超状态的装置；A device for judging that the absolute value of the power difference between a unit coil and two adjacent coils is greater than the power quench threshold, indicating that the unit coil is in a power quench state; 所述超导磁体由N个单元线圈环形排列构成，所述单元线圈由串联的设有温度探头和引线的M个单体线圈组成；The superconducting magnet is composed of N unit coils arranged in a ring, and the unit coils are composed of M single coils connected in series with temperature probes and lead wires; 所述用于根据每个单元线圈的电压和电流计算相邻两个单元线圈的功率差，并求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值的装置包括：The device for calculating the power difference of two adjacent unit coils according to the voltage and current of each unit coil, and obtaining the absolute value of the power difference between the unit coil and the adjacent two unit coils includes: 根据如下公式计算相邻两个单元线圈的功率差的装置：A device for calculating the power difference of two adjacent unit coils according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002621405770000032
Figure FDA0002621405770000032
Figure FDA0002621405770000041
Figure FDA0002621405770000041
 其中，un为第n个单元线圈的电压，且n＝1,2,...,N，in为第n个单元线圈的电流，且i1＝i2＝...＝in＝...＝iN；以及Wherein, u n is the voltage of the nth unit coil, and n=1,2,...,N, in is the current of the nth unit coil, and i 1 = i 2 =...=in =...=i N ; and 用于求取单元线圈与相邻两个单元线圈的功率差绝对值的装置；A device for obtaining the absolute value of the power difference between a unit coil and two adjacent unit coils; 所述失超检测装置进一步包括：The quench detection device further includes: 用于检测单体线圈的电压失超状态和温度失超状态的装置；A device for detecting the voltage quench state and temperature quench state of a single coil; 所述用于检测单体线圈的电压失超状态的装置包括：The device for detecting the voltage quench state of a single coil includes: 用于设置电压和电流的采集时间间隔的装置；means for setting the acquisition time interval of voltage and current; 用于实时检测每个单体线圈的电压和电流的装置；A device for real-time detection of the voltage and current of each single coil; 用于设置电压失超阈值的装置；means for setting the voltage quench threshold; 用于引入电压校正系数计算引入电压校正系数后单体线圈的电阻电压的装置；以及means for introducing a voltage correction factor to calculate the resistance voltage of the single coil after introducing the voltage correction factor; and 用于判断引入电压校正系数后单体线圈的电阻电压大于电压失超阈值，则表明该单体线圈处于电压失超状态的装置。A device for judging that the resistance voltage of the single coil is greater than the voltage quench threshold after the introduction of the voltage correction coefficient, indicating that the single coil is in a voltage quench state. 7.根据权利要求6所述的超导磁体失超检测装置，其特征在于，所述失超检测装置进一步包括：7. The superconducting magnet quench detection device according to claim 6, wherein the quench detection device further comprises: 用于设置功率延时定值NP的装置；以及means for setting the power delay setting NP ; and 用于判断某个单元线圈与相邻两个线圈的功率差绝对值超过Pquench持续NP个采样点时，则表明该单元线圈处于功率失超状态的装置。A device for judging that the absolute value of the power difference between a unit coil and two adjacent coils exceeds P quench for NP sampling points, indicating that the unit coil is in a power quench state. 8.根据权利要求6所述的超导磁体失超检测装置，其特征在于，所述用于引入电压校正系数计算引入电压校正系数后单体线圈的电阻电压的装置包括：8. The superconducting magnet quench detection device according to claim 6, wherein the device for introducing a voltage correction coefficient to calculate the resistance voltage of the single coil after the introduction of the voltage correction coefficient comprises: 用于将每H个采样点作为一组，求取每组的电流平均值，并根据单体线圈的电感值L通过下式计算某个单体线圈的感应电压的装置：A device used to take each H sampling point as a group, obtain the average value of the current of each group, and calculate the induced voltage of a single coil according to the inductance value L of the single coil by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002621405770000042
Figure FDA0002621405770000042
 其中，Δt1为电压和电流的采集时间间隔，il为第l个采样点的电流，uL为某个单体线圈的感应电压；Among them, Δt 1 is the acquisition time interval of voltage and current, i l is the current of the l-th sampling point, and u L is the induced voltage of a single coil; 用于通过下式计算同时刻相邻两组电压的平均值的装置：A device for calculating the average value of two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002621405770000051
Figure FDA0002621405770000051
 其中，ul是第l个采样点的电压，u为同时刻相邻两组电压的平均值；Among them, u l is the voltage of the lth sampling point, and u is the average value of the two adjacent groups of voltages at the same time; 用于根据u和uL通过下式计算单体线圈的电阻电压的装置：A device for calculating the resistive voltage of a single coil from u and uL by: uR＝u-uL u R = uu L 其中，uR为单体线圈的电阻电压。Among them, u R is the resistance voltage of the single coil. 9.根据权利要求8所述的超导磁体失超检测装置，其特征在于，所述用于引入电压校正系数通过下式计算引入电压校正系数后单体线圈的电阻电压的装置：9. The superconducting magnet quench detection device according to claim 8, wherein the device for introducing the voltage correction coefficient is calculated by the following formula for the resistance voltage of the single coil after the introduction of the voltage correction coefficient: uR′＝u-αuL u R ′=u-αu L 其中，α为电压校正系数，
Figure FDA0002621405770000052
uR′为引入电压校正系数后单体线圈的电阻电压，u′为单体线圈未处于电压失超状态时的电压平均值，u′L为单体线圈未处于电压失超状态时的感应电压。where α is the voltage correction coefficient,
Figure FDA0002621405770000052
u R ' is the resistance voltage of the single coil after introducing the voltage correction coefficient, u' is the average voltage of the single coil when the voltage is not in the voltage quench state, and u' L is the induction when the single coil is not in the voltage quench state. Voltage. 10.根据权利要求6所述的超导磁体失超检测装置，其特征在于，所述用于检测单体线圈的温度失超状态的装置包括：10. The superconducting magnet quench detection device according to claim 6, wherein the device for detecting the temperature quench state of the single coil comprises: 单体线圈上安装的用于实时检测单体线圈温度的温度探头；A temperature probe installed on the single coil for real-time detection of the temperature of the single coil; 用于设置温度探头采集某个单体线圈的温度采集时间间隔的装置；A device used to set the temperature acquisition time interval for a temperature probe to acquire a single coil; 用于通过下式计算某个单体线圈的温度变化速率的装置；A device for calculating the rate of temperature change of a single coil by the following formula;
Figure FDA0002621405770000053
Figure FDA0002621405770000053
 其中，vT为某个单体线圈的温度变化速率，Tk为温度探头第k次采集的单体线圈温度，Tk-1为温度探头第k-1次采集的单体线圈温度，Δt2为温度探头采集某个单体线圈的温度采集时间间隔；Among them, v T is the temperature change rate of a single coil, T k is the single coil temperature collected by the temperature probe for the kth time, T k-1 is the single coil temperature collected by the temperature probe at the k-1 time, Δt 2 is the temperature collection time interval for the temperature probe to collect the temperature of a single coil; 用于设置温度失超阈值vquench的装置；以及means for setting the temperature quench threshold v quench ; and 用于判断vT大于vquench，则表明该单体线圈处于温度失超状态的装置。A device for judging that v T is greater than v quench , indicating that the single coil is in a temperature quench state. 11.根据权利要求10所述的超导磁体失超检测装置，其特征在于，所述用于检测单体线圈的温度失超状态的装置进一步包括：11. The superconducting magnet quench detection device according to claim 10, wherein the device for detecting the temperature quench state of the single coil further comprises: 用于设置温升延时定值NT的装置；A device for setting the temperature rise delay fixed value NT ; 用于判断vT超过vquench持续NT个采样点后，则表明该单体线圈处于温度失超状态的装置。A device for judging that the single coil is in a temperature quench state after v T exceeds v quench for N T sampling points.
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