CN106500821A - A kind of distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring method and system - Google Patents
A kind of distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106500821A CN106500821A CN201610875575.7A CN201610875575A CN106500821A CN 106500821 A CN106500821 A CN 106500821A CN 201610875575 A CN201610875575 A CN 201610875575A CN 106500821 A CN106500821 A CN 106500821A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring method and system, the program is by the use of single-core fiber as sensing, the dual media of transmission, using gas pipeline with ditch lay for pipeline operation monitoring communications optical cable as inductor, sensing is by behaviors such as the mechanical execution of the media such as soil layer, ground, river water body transmission, excavations, by demodulated equipment recovering signal, obtain stratum, the vibration information of water column structure transmission, it was found that because of some construction behaviors of tube circumference, the threat behavior that gas pipeline may be caused.This programme builds the continuous sensing unit of passive long range using the optical cable that lays with ditch with gas pipeline, and realizing may be to the monitor in real time behavior of pipe safety to the construction of gas pipeline neighboring buildings；And in all passive components that lays along pipeline, without the need for power supply, reliability is high, and anti-interference is good, it is easy to accomplish, with normal pipeline transportation entirely without impact.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to the safety monitoring technology based on optical fiber sensing technology.
Background technology
With the development of gas cause, city gas pipeline is also constantly increasing, and city gas pipeline is city
One of important infrastructure of construction, the development of pipeline network of fuel gas in city facility have become the important symbol of urban modernization.China
Shanghai is that China carries out one of city of pipe gas supply earliest, and current natural gas has become the weight of energy infrastructure
Want ingredient.If the blood that natural gas energy resource is compared to urban economy development, that natural gas line is exactly green energy resource stream
The blood vessels for dropping down, are the life line for ensureing natural gas security provisions, as the defender of City Green blood vessels, Chinese Shanghai natural gas
Pipe network bears the social responsibility for ensureing that Urban Economic Operation of Shanghai, citizen are lived and worked in peace and contentment.
Thereby it is ensured that pipeline network of fuel gas in city safe operation becomes the emphasis of development gas industry.City gas pipeline
Safe operation is that one huge and the system engineering of complexity, because there is city gas pipeline opening (to be laid on the street in city
Lane), disguised (embedded underground), the spy of dangerous (easily causing the accident after gas leakage) and chronicity (use time length)
Point.Management to city gas pipeline safe operation, except multiple ways and meanses such as conventional law, administration, economy,
The safety precaution means of introducing technology are also required to, city gas pipeline safe operation is guaranteed.How to find in time and accurately fixed
Position vandalism, and alarm, the destruction for preventing urban pipe network is city gas company's problem in the urgent need to address.
Underground is embedded in due to pipeline, branch is more, intersection is more, density is big, distance, the when and where that vandalism occurs
There is randomness, how to find that the vandalism for having threat to pipeline is puzzlement this industry difficult problem for many years in time.With light
Fine sensing technology developing rapidly in recent years, with distributed sensing ability, high sensitivity, long distance passive monitoring, anti-electromagnetism
Interference performance is strong, the simple optical fiber distributed type long range position monitor technology of construction maintenance, there is provided a kind of generally acknowledged comparison reason
The solution that thinks, and the research and development direction of the consistent city gas pipeline security monitoring that generally acknowledges at present.
Content of the invention
The problems of in terms of for existing city gas pipeline security monitoring, need a kind of high accuracy, high reliability
City gas pipeline safety monitoring technology.
Thus, the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline method for safety monitoring
And system, it is capable of the generation of real-time monitoring harm pipe safety behavior, and is accurately positioned the position of dangerous act generation.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline method for safety monitoring that the present invention is provided, the prison
The passage of inductor and transmission information of the prosecutor method using the optical fiber laid with ditch with gas pipeline as safety monitoring, with to can
Gas pipeline can be threatened to transport safe mechanical behavior be monitored.
Used as the preferred version of method for safety monitoring, optical fiber is single jointed fiber.
As the preferred version of method for safety monitoring, light letter in optical fiber is caused by optical fiber induction vibration in method for safety monitoring
Number phase place change, and the phase place change information of the optical signal is transformed into the light intensity signal that can be detected, then enters line phase also
Original, realizes the detection of vibration signal.
As the preferred version of method for safety monitoring, in method for safety monitoring, corresponding different light paths are formed for same vibration
The two-way interference light signal of position, by the comparison of the spectral characteristic to two signals, filters the vibration signal not constituted a threat to；Logical
Cross the light path to two paths of signals to compare, the generation position of pinpoint threat behavior.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system that the present invention is provided, including：
Fiber optic interferometric light path, the fiber optic interferometric light path relative to arranging for gas pipeline, real-time detection gas pipeline
The vibration signal of surrounding, and form corresponding optical signal；
Light signal collection processing module, the light signal collection processing module are entered to the optical signal that fiber optic interferometric light path is exported
Row process forms corresponding digital signal；
Analyzing and positioning module, the analyzing and positioning module are carried out to the digital signal that light signal collection processing module is provided point
Analysis, filters the vibration signal not constituted a threat to, and pinpoint threat vibrates generation position of the behavior referring now to gas pipeline.
Preferably, inductor of the fiber optic interferometric light path using the optical fiber laid with ditch with gas pipeline as safety monitoring
And the passage of transmission information, the phase place change for causing optical signal in optical fiber using optical fiber induction vibration, and by the optical signal
Phase place change information is transformed into the light intensity signal that can be detected.
Preferably, the fiber optic interferometric light path forms the two-way interference light letter of corresponding different light paths position for same vibration
Number.
Preferably, the fiber optic interferometric light path includes：
Light source, the light source are white light source；
Fiber optic interferometric module, the fiber optic interferometric module connect into light source, and at the top with optical fiber and light signal collection
Reason module connection；
Optical fiber, the optical fiber are a core jointed fiber, and which is laid with ditch with gas pipeline, for vibration signals collecting and
Transmission information；
Reflecting module, the reflecting module are connected with the tail end of optical fiber.
Preferably, the fiber optic interferometric module by fiber delay line X × Y bonders, L × M bonders and is constituted, and X, Y are
Integer, L, M are integer, and the delay of fiber delay line is τ.
Preferably, the light source includes：
Laser instrument；
Critesistor, the critesistor detecting laser temperature；
Refrigerator, the refrigerator enter trip temperature adjustment to laser instrument；
Constant-current source, the constant-current source carry out constant-current driving to laser instrument and refrigerator；
The driving current of central processing unit, the driving current of the central processing unit control laser instrument and refrigerator, and root
The data obtained according to temperature detection and current detecting are correcting to laser drive current and refrigerator driving current.
The gas pipeline security monitoring scheme that the present invention is provided, using the optical fiber that lays with ditch with gas pipeline, (single connects
Continuous optical fiber), the continuous sensing unit of passive long range is built, realizes to constitute a threat to pipe safety gas pipeline periphery
Behavior carry out monitor in real time and early warning.
Furthermore, the gas pipeline security monitoring scheme that the present invention is provided, in all passive fibers that lays along pipeline, nothing
Need to power, reliability is high, anti-interference is good, it is easy to accomplish, on normal pipeline transportation entirely without impact.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the laying exemplary plot of safety monitoring system in present example；
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of fiber optic interferometric light path in present example；
Fig. 3 is the layout diagram of optical fiber in present example；
Fig. 4 is the process chart of safety monitoring system monitoring signal in present example.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, tie below
Conjunction is specifically illustrating, and the present invention is expanded on further.
The present invention provide gas pipeline security monitoring scheme using optical fiber (specially single jointed fiber) as sensing with
The dual media of signal transmission, for gas pipeline to be monitored, using telecommunication optical fiber as inductor, by its with by gas pipeline
Lay with ditch, be monitored for pipeline operation.By telecommunication optical fiber (the specially single jointed fiber) sense that this is laid with ditch
The behaviors such as mechanical execution, the excavation of the transmission of the media such as soil layer, ground, river water body should be passed through, then by demodulated equipment reduction letter
Number, stratum, the vibration information of water column structure transmission is obtained, is broken with detecting the third parties such as tube circumference construction, mechanical excavation, explosion
The destruction that the mechanical shock amount that bad behavior brings may be caused to pipeline, to threatening gas pipeline to transport safe mechanical row
For carrying out alarm.
Accordingly, illustrate this programme below by way of a specific embodiment realizes process.
This example adopts distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline security monitoring scheme, and there is destructiveness for city gas pipeline,
The engineering construction behavior of harm pipeline transportation safety, is detected and early warning.
The program is to come to tube circumference as sensing element with a core (single) jointed fiber that ditch is laid with gas pipeline
Environment unusual fluctuation carries out real-time detection, and on the continuous single-core fiber, every bit all has sensing capability, realizes a kind of distributed biography
Sense technology.
On this basis, this programme further builds the fiber optic interferometric light path being made up of a core (single) jointed fiber, with
And signal detection and analytical technology, it is achieved in the generation that real-time monitoring endangers pipe safety behavior, and positions dangerous act sending out
Raw position.
So when Near Pipelines have engineering machinery in construction or drilling, the vibration that is transmitted by soil layer or other media is believed
Number can be perceived by sensor fibre, for the signal that optical fiber is perceived, carry out discriminant analysiss, when vibration occurs and Times
Alert, and be accurately positioned.Accordingly, this optical fiber monitoring technology can complete diverse location in spatial distribution, uncertain time (random)
The ambient vibration characteristic monitoring of generation, provides the complex vibration data comprising spatial positional information for analysis of vibration signal.
Referring to Fig. 1, which show distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline of this example for carrying out gas pipeline security monitoring and pacifies
Full monitoring system.
As seen from the figure, the distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system 100 mainly includes three parts：Fiber optic interferometric light
Road 110, light signal collection processing module 120 and analyzing and positioning module 130.
Fiber optic interferometric light path 110 in safety monitoring system 100 relative to arranging for gas pipeline, fire by real-time detection
Vibration signal around feed channel, and form corresponding optical signal.
The fiber optic interferometric light path 110 is realized entering the vibration signal around gas pipeline using white light interference algoscopy
The high-precision monitoring of row and high-precision positioning.Which specifically employs the distributed light constituted based on elasto-optical effect and interference technique
Fine sensing technology, the phase place change that optical signal in optical fiber is caused by optical fiber induction vibration, and the phase place change of the optical signal is believed
Breath is transformed into the light intensity signal that can be detected, the optical phase information change detection that the minute-pressure force signal so as to realize change causes
Go out, be easy to subsequent analysis to process.
In addition, fiber interference structure of the fiber optic interferometric light path 110 for a set of multiplexing, so will form for same vibration
The two-way interference light signal of corresponding different light paths position, is possible to filter subsequently through this two-way interference light signal and does not constitute a threat to
Vibration signal, and the generation position of pinpoint threat behavior.
Referring to Fig. 2, when implementing, 110 principal light source 111 of fiber optic interferometric light path, fiber optic interferometric module 112, optical fiber
113 and reflecting module 114 coordinate constitute.
111 preferred white light source of light source, for producing corresponding optical signal in fiber optic interferometric light path.
Light source 111 in this example is using being matched somebody with somebody by laser instrument, critesistor, refrigerator, constant-current source and central processing unit
Close the high stability light source for constituting.
Wherein, laser instrument is luminous source, and critesistor detecting laser temperature, refrigerator enter trip temperature tune to laser instrument
Whole, constant-current source is used for carrying out laser instrument and refrigerator constant-current driving, the driving current and system of central processing unit control laser instrument
The driving current of cooler, and the data obtained according to temperature detection and current detecting are come to laser drive current and refrigerator drive
Streaming current is corrected, and is derived from the light source of high stable power and wavelength.
Fiber optic interferometric module 112, its connect into light source 111, and the top with optical fiber 113 and light signal collection processing module
120 connections, form for the light to 113 internal reflection of optical fiber and interfere, the light that will be produced because of the vibration of extraneous transmission in optical fiber 113
Phase place change information be transformed into the light intensity signal that can be detected.
The fiber optic interferometric module 112 is the passive intervention module in the front end being made up of optical device, by fiber delay line X × Y couplings
Clutch, L × M bonders and composition, wherein X, Y are integer, and L, M are integer, and the delay of fiber delay line is τ.
In this example, preferably by 3 × 3 equal branch/couplers, 2 × 2 bonders are constituted fiber optic interferometric module 112；a1、a2、…、
The port of aX, b1, b2 for 3 × 3 equal branch/couplers, a1, a2 ..., aX be port in the same direction, common X, b1, b2 are 3 × 3 respectively couplings
Two ports during another group of port in the same direction of clutch is common Y；C1, c2, c3 are the ports of L × M bonders.
Thus the fiber optic interferometric module 112 for constituting will form two-way light path and (represent the road that light is passed through with arrow direction
Footpath)
Ⅰ：Port b1 → optical fiber delay module → port c1 → port c3 → sensing/transmission cable → reflecting module → biography
Sense/transmission cable → port c3 → port c2 → port b2；
Ⅱ：Port b2 → port c2 → port c3 → sensing/transmission cable → reflecting module → sensing/transmission cable → end
Mouth c1 → port c1 → optical fiber delay module → port b1.
The passage of inductor and transmission information of the optical fiber 113 as safety monitoring, for sensing and transmitting.
Referring to Fig. 3, a optical fiber 113 preferably core (single) jointed fiber, its are laid with ditch with gas pipeline, used as passive
Induction apparatuss, vibration information of the sensing by the transmission of the media such as soil layer, ground, river water body, the vibration information of transmission will change light
The information such as the phase place of the light transmitted in cable, polarization, light intensity or frequency, so put when optical fiber any position and sense medium transmission
During vibration signal, due to photoelastic effect, optical fiber can produce micro- change, and the phase place of the light of oscillation point transmission can change, that is, realize
The modulation of signal.
In addition, as needed can be to laying after 113 sleeve pipe of optical fiber.
Reflecting module 114, its are connected with the tail end of optical fiber, for the optical signal transmitted in optical fiber is back to fiber optic interferometric
Module 112.
Light signal collection processing module 120 in safety monitoring system 100, for exporting to fiber optic interferometric light path 110
Optical signal be acquired and process forms corresponding digital signal.
The light signal collection processing module 120 is main by photo-detector 121, processing and amplifying module 122 and digital signal
Acquisition module 123 coordinates composition.
The output of the fiber optic interferometric module 112 in photo-detector 121 here, its input and fiber optic interferometric light path 110
End connection, the two-way interference light signal of the output of detection optical fiber optical interference circuit 110, and convert thereof into corresponding two-way simulation letter
Number, transmit to processing and amplifying module 122.
Processing and amplifying module 122 carries out unifying processing and amplifying to the two-way analogue signal that photo-detector 121 is transmitted, and will put
The big two-way analogue signal for processing is transmitted to digital signal acquiring module 123.
The two-way analogue signal of the amplification that processing and amplifying module 122 is transmitted by digital signal acquiring module 123 is converted into just
In the two ways of digital signals of subsequent treatment, and reach analyzing and positioning module 130.
Analyzing and positioning module 130 and 120 data cube computation of light signal collection processing module in safety monitoring system 100,
For being analyzed to the two ways of digital signals that light signal collection processing module 120 is provided, the vibration letter not constituted a threat to is filtered
Number, pinpoint threat vibrates generation position of the behavior referring now to gas pipeline.
The analyzing and positioning module 130 mainly includes phase place recovery module 131 and locating module 132.
123 data of digital signal acquiring module wherein in phase place recovery module 131 and light signal collection processing module 120
Connection, obtains the two ways of digital signals of 120 transmission of light signal collection processing module, and enters line phase also to this two ways of digital signals
Original place is managed, and the signal that handles well reaches locating module 132.
Locating module 132 carries out positions calculations to the signal that phase place recovery module 131 is transmitted, and whether determines the vibration signal
Constitute a threat to, and pinpoint threat vibration behavior is referring now to the generation position of gas pipeline.
The locating module 132 eliminates interference of the vibration information to positional information by comparing the spectral characteristic of two signals, can
Obtain accurate vibration position information.Positional information is obtained by the meansigma methodss of two signal spectrum amplitude ratios, detection is eliminated
Diversity caused by jitter, is greatly improved the accuracy of positioning.
Based on the distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system 100 of forecast scheme configuration, its application operation when, along combustion gas
The optical fiber that sensing and transmission unite two into one laid by pipeline, arranges reflecting module in the end of optical fiber, in Gas Stations arranges light
Fine intervention module, then be connected with light source, the top of optical fiber, light signal collection processing module 120；And analyzing and positioning module 130 with
120 data cube computation of light signal collection processing module, and operate in corresponding client, for gas pipeline prison with high safety
Control.
So LASER Light Source is input into light all the way from fiber optic interferometric module, and the optical cable row of this road light edge sensing transmission is to tail end
After reflecting module, optical signal is back to intervention module by reflecting module again.When any position on optical cable senses that medium is transmitted
Vibration signal when, due to photoelastic effect, optical fiber can produce micro- change, and the phase place of the light of oscillation point transmission can change, i.e., in fact
The change of phase place is converted to the change of light intensity for the modulation of existing signal, fiber optic interferometric light path 110, and the light for returning is in intervention module
Place interferes, and returns again to give light signal collection processing module 120 two-way interference light signal, by light signal collection processing module
120 data acquisition, is analyzed comparison by 130 pairs of relevant two-way light of analyzing and positioning module, so as to by environmental disturbances factor
The vibration signal for bringing is filtered, it would be possible to which the behavior signal that there is threat carries out alarm, and is compared by the light path of two paths of signals,
The generation position (as shown in Figure 4) of pinpoint threat behavior.
For 100 scheme of safety monitoring system that this example is provided, in practical application, following concrete skill can be adopted
Art, to ensure the enforcement performance of safety monitoring system.
1st, white light interference determination techniques.
White light interference determination techniques, employ the distributing optical fiber sensing skill constituted based on elasto-optical effect and interference technique
Art.It is based on the white light interference determination techniques, this example is by building white light fiber optic interferometric system (the i.e. white light optical fiber of a set of multiplexing
Optical interference circuit), the two-way interference signal of the corresponding different light paths position of same vibration is obtained, the frequency spectrum for subsequently comparing two signals is special
Property, interference of the vibration information to positional information is eliminated, accurate vibration position information is derived from.By two signal spectrum amplitudes
The meansigma methodss of ratio obtain positional information, eliminate the unstable caused diversity of detection signal, are greatly improved positioning
Accuracy.
Here white light fiber optic interferometric light path is the superior key of whole security monitoring scheme monitoring performance, its especially by
The phase place change information that optical fiber endogenous cause of ill vibrates the light for producing is transformed into the light intensity signal that can detect, be easy to follow-up collection and
Analysis.The white light fiber optic interferometric light path is mainly collectively formed by fiber optic interferometric module, optical fiber (optical fiber) to be sought and reflection device,
And the back scattering by optical fiber inner fiber itself to be sought, reflection characteristic or the reflection device artificially connected in the optical fiber other end
Realize complete optical interference circuit.
2nd, the extractive technique of high stable state optical signal.
As optical fiber itself is easily affected by ambient temperature, the length of optical fiber, polarization state etc. can all be subject to environment temperature
The impact that degree changes.If the sensitivity time changing of temperature the performance parameter of optical fiber, then signal analysis and processing basic
Basis has occurred as soon as unstability, and this is also the whether reliable and stable key point of decision technology.Even occur partially when serious
Shake decline, light path is paralysed.
For this purpose, in this example using demodulation picking up signal interference technique, using the phase of the photoelastic effect to light of optical fiber
Position is modulated, rather than the modulation of light intensity, demodulates the signal that optical fiber is sensed using optical interference circuit, using white light interference technique
Optical fiber is eliminated to temperature, the sensitivity of polarization, it is ensured that the stability of optical interference circuit.
Accordingly, the sensitivity of temperature, polarization is further eliminated using following several technology, obtains stable optical signal.
2.1) the acyclic back into optical fibers induction technology of single.
Continuous single optical fibre is adopted in this example as the sensing element of vibration signals collecting, and constructs white light interference accordingly
Structure demodulates induced signal, and carries out analysis, the positioning of event recognition and position to event.
The phase place change information of light is transformed into the white light interference structure of construction the light intensity signal that can be detected, so along
The collecting fiber that pipeline is laid is entered line phase reduction, and is reduced by phase place to the vibration signal transmitted through media such as soil
Technology, finally realizes the detection of signal.
2.2) white light interference light path is built.
The signal that single-core fiber is collected is converted into by white light interference light path being had by the signal of processing of circuit
Following advantage：
A, the structure acquisition for passing through white light interference light path：
A, minimum noise.In optic fibre light path, due to Rayleigh scattering, many scattered lights, the narrow light of traditional employing can be produced
In the interference technique in source, as the temporal coherence of light source is good, the scattered light that the point of a good distance off distance is produced may all occur
Interfere, cause background noise in system very big.And white light source spectral width, temporal coherence is little, it is possible to decrease due to fiber Rayleigh
The system noise that scattering etc. brings.Largely improve effect of noise, obtain good signal to noise ratio, be to obtain good analysis
Signal, it is ensured that system stability provides basis.
B, temperature low sensitivity.Due to the fine system of the optical-circuit balance for interfering of white light interference light path, which is consistent
Property be substantially better than narrow-band light source optical interference circuit, therefore optical fiber by ambient temperature change affected little.Due to two interference lights
Road maintains the concordance of Coherent optical path change, therefore the operating point of optical interference circuit not temperature influence, and system sensitivity is high steady
Qualitative good.
B, system output two-way interference signal is caused by white light interference light path, effectively reduce light path system by noise
Affect, while ensure that the high sensitivity of system.
C, optical fiber intervention module is returned after back scattering (or reflection) wait seeking the light of optical fiber (optical fiber), the technology is using single
Cored structure so that the not monitored distance of the structural sensitivity of system affects.Due to reflection, optical signal is back and forth twice through same
One sensing optical fiber, the sensitivity of the picking up signal that has been multiplied, also ensure that each sensing point sensitivity consistent.
D, the characterisitic parameter for optical fiber to be sought, are analyzed to full optical fiber interference module and design.
E, polarization control technology is adopted, reduce impact of the polarization to system.
3rd, the optical signal detection of hyperreaction.
Due to the decrease of soil, optical fiber external coating to vibration signal so that directly or indirectly act on the vibration of optical fiber,
The light intensity change of acquisition is very faint, it is desirable to have high sensitivity, high amplification and low work noise, meanwhile,
Seek the light carrier of high stable.For this purpose, this example adopts following technology.
1) high stability light source is designed；
Using the light source module for being internally integrated critesistor and electroluminescent refrigerator, light source is driven using constant-current source,
Meanwhile, by the control to refrigerator, the purpose of temperature stabilization is reached, so as to obtain the light source of high stable power and wavelength,
And reach APC (automated power control), ATC (automatic temperature-adjusting control).
Specifically using central processing unit as the core of the luminous power and refrigerator of control laser instrument, the drive of laser instrument is controlled
Streaming current and the driving current of refrigerator, so as to the data obtained according to temperature sensing and current detecting are come to Laser Drive electricity
Stream and refrigerator driving current are corrected, and then carried out parsing, are analyzed the purpose for reaching ATC and APC.
2) opto-electronic conversion and signal processing；
The optical signal that two-way is interfered, it is ensured that the concordance of amplification, preferably with the distortion factor is little, amplification is accurate, common mode
The high instrumentation amplifier of rejection ratio；Simultaneously to several parameters such as the noise of opto-electronic conversion and amplifier section, bandwidth and amplifications
Carry out Theoretical Calculation.The noise of photoelectric switching circuit system (i.e. light signal collection processing module) is analyzed, photoelectricity is eliminated
The interference of the Main Noise Sources of the junction capacity of diode, the stray capacitance of original paper and circuit.
4th, the isolation of noise.
The light path being connected with optical fiber to be sought can equally cause the change of interference light intensity in the presence of extraneous sound pressure,
Optical fiber can run into noisy environment during seeking track unavoidably.First on the premise of signal acquisition effect is ensured, by light LUSHEN
Several designs, reduces the noise pickup ability of this part light path；Secondly, using special material and structure design, further carry
Rise noise isolation ability.
5th, pattern recognition analysis.
Model space：The entirety of all objects to be identified；
Characteristic parameter：The parameterized procedure that environmental pattern is formed characteristic vector, i.e. Realistic model by feature extraction；
Detecting distance：Weigh the yardstick of two characteristic parameter distances；
Pattern drill：The parameterized procedure that same quasi-mode is carried out Unify legislation.
It is the key that system is analyzed from software section to the analysis of the vibration signal for extracting, pattern recognition, System Back-end
By to methods such as model space, characteristic parameter, detecting distance, pattern drills, completing the overall process of pattern recognition.So as to accurate
Judgement and isolate effective alarm signal, isolate interference signal, reduce system mistake, fail to report.Gather as much as possible and wait to know
Other event；Suitable characteristic parameter is extracted, model space is changed into the point set in high bit space；By pattern drill ask for by
The spatial characteristics of similar point set；By the event of the unknown classification of characteristic parameter extraction point in space；Using detection away from
Every space-like distribution is obtained from pattern drill, that class possible or that distance is minimum is chosen as belonging to the event.
6th, the laying of Fibre Optical Sensor.
Optical fiber is carried out along gas pipeline by most suitable mode pre-buried, so as to the vibration in sensitive tube circumference region,
Detectivity skewness is avoided, blind area occurs.After ferrule, operatic tunes effect to vibrate enlarge-effect, therefore for
The transport properties of different medium, optical fiber take direct-burried or the embedded sensitization to signal transmission of sleeve pipe, adopt for different soil properties
Optimized paving mode is taken, vibration transmission is reduced, is increased the energy-sensitive degree of signal transmission.As optical fiber is difficult in itself by electricity
Magnetic disturbance, for the multifarious laying environment of city gas pipeline, creates excellent application foundation.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline method for safety monitoring, it is characterised in that the monitoring method with the same ditch of gas pipeline
The passage of inductor and transmission information of the optical fiber of laying as safety monitoring, safe to gas pipeline may be threatened to transport
The vibration signal that mechanical row is produced is sensed.
2. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline method for safety monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that optical fiber is single
Jointed fiber.
3. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline method for safety monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that security monitoring side
The phase place change of optical signal in optical fiber is caused in method by optical fiber induction vibration, and the phase place change information of the optical signal is transformed into
The light intensity signal that can be detected, then enter line phase reduction, vibration signal is carried out detecting, is positioned.
4. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline method for safety monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that security monitoring side
The two-way interference light signal of corresponding different light paths position is formed in method for same vibration, by the spectral characteristic to two signals
Relatively, the vibration signal not constituted a threat to is filtered；Compared by the light path to two paths of signals, the generation position of pinpoint threat behavior
Put.
5. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system, it is characterised in that the monitoring system includes：
Fiber optic interferometric light path, the fiber optic interferometric light path relative to arranging for gas pipeline, around real-time detection gas pipeline
Vibration signal, and form corresponding optical signal；
Light signal collection processing module, at the optical signal that the light signal collection processing module is exported to fiber optic interferometric light path
Reason forms corresponding digital signal；
Analyzing and positioning module, the analyzing and positioning module are analyzed to the digital signal that light signal collection processing module is provided,
The vibration signal not constituted a threat to is filtered, pinpoint threat vibrates generation position of the behavior referring now to gas pipeline.
6. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the optical fiber is done
The passage of inductor and transmission information of the optical fiber for relating to light path to lay with ditch with gas pipeline as safety monitoring, using light
Fine induction vibration so that in optical fiber optical signal phase place change, and the phase place change information of the optical signal is transformed into and can be examined
The light intensity signal of survey.
7. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the optical fiber is done
Relate to the two-way interference light signal that light path forms corresponding different light paths position for same vibration.
8. the distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that described
Fiber optic interferometric light path includes：
Light source, the light source are white light source；
Fiber optic interferometric module, the fiber optic interferometric module connect into light source, and the top with optical fiber and light signal collection process mould
Block is connected；
Optical fiber, the optical fiber are a core jointed fiber, and which is laid with ditch with gas pipeline, for vibration signals collecting and transmission
Information；
Reflecting module, the reflecting module are connected with the tail end of optical fiber.
9. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the optical fiber is done
Module is related to by fiber delay line X × Y bonders, L × M bonders and is constituted, X, Y be integer, L, M be integer, fiber delay line
Delay be τ.
10. distribution type fiber-optic gas pipeline safety monitoring system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the light source
Including：
Laser instrument；
Critesistor, the critesistor detecting laser temperature；
Refrigerator, the refrigerator enter trip temperature adjustment to laser instrument；
Constant-current source, the constant-current source carry out constant-current driving to laser instrument and refrigerator；
The driving current of central processing unit, the driving current of the central processing unit control laser instrument and refrigerator, and according to temperature
Degree detects the data obtained with current detecting to correct laser drive current and refrigerator driving current.
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