CN106498192A - A kind of revolving bed processes the method and system of rare earth ore concentrate - Google Patents
A kind of revolving bed processes the method and system of rare earth ore concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106498192A CN106498192A CN201611147361.4A CN201611147361A CN106498192A CN 106498192 A CN106498192 A CN 106498192A CN 201611147361 A CN201611147361 A CN 201611147361A CN 106498192 A CN106498192 A CN 106498192A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of revolving bed processes the method and system of rare earth ore concentrate, the system is sequentially connected and is constituted by proportioner, shaped device, drying unit, revolving bed calciner, ore grinding device, equipment for separating liquid from solid, leaching device.Using method and system in the present invention, rare earth ore concentrate caustic soda decomposition technique can be made to realize that serialization industrial production, low alkaline consumption improve economic benefit, environmental protection index is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rare earth metallurgy technical field, more particularly to a kind of method that revolving bed processes rare earth ore concentrate.
Background technology
The rare earth reserves of China are first place in the world, but in explored Rare Earth Mine, mostly complicated component, content of rare earth
Few, it is unfavorable for industrial directly application.Grade currently used for industrial mixed rare earth concentrates is 50%～60%, and
The content of rare earth of raw ore is then far below this level, therefore need to effectively remove the gangue mineral in rare-earth original ore and objectionable impurities composition
Remove, i.e., process through ore dressing and obtain after rare earth ore concentrate, then Extraction of rare earth.But the RE phosphate ore deposit contained in mixed type rare-earth mineral
Thing (monazite) is even more even if also sufficiently stable under the high temperature conditions, at normal temperatures and is difficult to acid decomposition, although existing sulfuric acid
Roasting and caustic soda decompose both approaches technology maturation, and industrially widely apply, but in terms of environmental protection, energy-conservation there is disadvantage
End.
During rare earth ore concentrate concentrated sulfuric acid high-temperature roasting, sintering temperature is produced a large amount of containing fluorination typically between 600～800 DEG C
The highly acid waste gas of silicon, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide etc. and height put waste residue, there is presently no economical and effective, be enterprise
The receptible processing method of institute, accumulates over a long period and the harm that environment is produced increasingly can not be ignored.
It is a kind of classical decomposition method to decompose rare-earth mineral with caustic soda, soda processes decompose mixed rare earth concentrate with solitary
Stone is identical, it is also desirable to make raw material with high-grade rare earth ore concentrate.As in decomposable process, no acidic pernicious gas is produced, therefore need not
The waste gas treatment equipment of bulky complex, therefore this technique have been obtained for very fast popularization.But the rise due to caustic soda price, sternly
The economic benefit that have impact on manufacturer of weight.The technique does not only exist amount of caustic soda greatly, using drawbacks such as Batch Process modes,
And roasting process is typically carried out in rotary kiln or tunnel cave, easily there are the phenomenons such as caking, fouling in roasting process, so as to shadow
Ring roasting apparatus stable operation.If overcoming, above-mentioned amount of caustic soda is big, intermittent operation, sintering process lack without fouling ring formation etc.
Point, the technique will be the smelting processes of real efficient, cleaning, comprehensive utilization of resources.
Chinese patent ZL201010145840.9 discloses " a kind of liquid alkali roasting decomposition extraction process of mixed rare earth concentrates ",
A kind of new decomposition technique is proposed, rare earth ore concentrate is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution, Roasting Decomposition in rotary kiln, after decomposition
Mineral synthesis Extraction of rare earth, thorium, fluorine, the resource such as phosphorus and calcium, technical process is without waste gas, waste residue.The key of the technology is rare earth
Concentrate mix with sodium hydroxide solution after Roasting Decomposition process in rotary kiln.Due to slip enter rotary kiln after moisture quickly
Evaporation, Rare Earth Mine and NaOH form the hard of lump ring formation, Rare Earth Mine and the formation of NaOH ring formation in kiln hood low-temperature zone
Block hardness is very high, and the ring formation of formation cannot be scraped off by conventional blade structure design rotary kiln, roasting is carried out continuously.
Chinese patent CN102706141A discloses " a kind of process of preveting kiln ringing ", is to solve rare earth essence
The method of ring formation during ore deposit sulfuric acid high-temperature roasting, the method arrange back material hole by the low-temperature zone in rotary kiln, arrange in high temperature section
Anti- material hole, back material hole and anti-material hole are connected with conveying pipeline outside rotary kiln, make the roasted ore part of high temperature section return low-temperature zone
Again roasting is participated in, has solved the problems, such as ring formation.But said method is not applied to the ring formation problem of Rare Earth Mine caustic soda Roasting Decomposition.
Chinese patent CN101824531 A disclose " a kind of liquid alkali low-temperature roasting decomposition process of caustic soda liquid of mixed rare earth concentrates ", its
Including procedure below：(1) by mixed rare earth concentrates and NaOH by weight 1:0.5～1.5 is mixed；(2) will mixing
Rare earth ore concentrate afterwards carries out roasting, 150 DEG C～550 DEG C of sintering temperature, roasting time 0.5～4 hour；(3) roasting is obtained
Roasted ore is washed to center；(4) the alkali cake dissolving with hydrochloric acid after washing, controls pH=4～5, obtains re chloride；(5)
Seal up for safekeeping after thorium enriched thing washing after hydrochloric acid is molten or further thorium and rare earth are extracted in dissolving.Mixing is processed using the present invention dilute
Native concentrate, it is possible to achieve the continuous prodution of caustic digestion mischmetal ore deposit, technical process realize cleaning without waste gas and ammonia nitrogen waste water
Production and comprehensive utilization of resources.But said method alkali consumption is too high, sodium hydroxide concentration is up to the 50% of rare earth ore concentrate quality, very
To 150%.And caustic soda price is higher, the technique productions cost is caused to increase so that economic benefit is poor.
Content of the invention
Traditional rare earth concentrate caustic soda decomposition technique, needs a large amount of caustic soda, and production cost is higher, deficiency in economic performance；Tradition roasting
During firing technique easily caking, ring formation, affect roasting apparatus run steadily in the long term；And in producing, flue dust is big, waste gas is easily let out
Leakage, environmental pollution are serious, in order to overcome the problems referred to above, and realize the recovery of the resources such as valuable element rare earth, fluorine, phosphorus, the present invention
A kind of method that revolving bed processes rare earth ore concentrate is proposed, is comprised the following steps：
(1) rare earth ore concentrate, additive, binding agent are carried out dispensing, batch mixing according to part by weight, obtains mixed material；
(2) mixed material being carried out pelletizing, and sodium hydroxide solution being sprayed in balling process, rare earth green pellets is obtained；
(3) rare earth green pellets is dried, obtains rare earth dry bulb group；
(4) rare earth dry bulb group is carried out roasting using revolving bed, obtains hot pelletizing；
(5) by hot pelletizing water quenching, wet grinding is carried out, ore pulp is obtained；
(6) by slurry filtration or suction filtration drip washing washing, separation of solid and liquid is made, filter residue and filtrate is obtained；
(7) by filtrate using causticization-concentration method process, add excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus, obtain containing NaOH
Solution, reuses in return to step (2) pellet forming process after concentrated purification；
(8) filter residue after step (6) separation of solid and liquid is carried out dissolving leaching using hydrochloric acid, obtains earth solution and acidleach
Slag.
Further, the rare earth ore concentrate in step (1) is phosphate mineral rare earth ore concentrate, Fluoro-carbonate Minerals rare earth ore concentrate
Or the mixed rare earth concentrate containing monazite.In rare earth ore concentrate, the content of REO is more than 35%；Rare earth ore concentrate granularity is preferably
Below 0.074mm accounts for more than 60%.When REO is less than 35%, in concentrate, impurity content is too high, the NaOH of required addition
More with additive amount, relatively costly, and also impurity content is too high that low melting point can be caused excessive, to follow-up washing, acid
Dissolving extract technology makes troubles, and affects the permanently effective of production to carry out.
Further, step (1) rare earth ore concentrate, additive, the weight batching ratio of binding agent are 100:10-50:0.3-
5.Additive is mainly sodium acid carbonate, the solution of sodium carbonate or solids, preferably powdered sodium carbonate.Same REO contents dilute
In native concentrate, when additive amount is not enough, rare earth easily forms Ca in roasting process8RE(PO4)5O2Compound, the product
Insoluble in acid, it will cause the reduction of follow-up acid dissolving extract technology middle rare earth total recovery.When additive amount is excessive, roasting
Sintering fusing is formed in journey, is on the one hand unfavorable for that revolving bed discharges, on the other hand be increased the difficulty of follow-up ore grinding.
Binding agent is mainly in sodium humate, modified starch, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, pectin, guar gum, syrup, dextrin
Any one or more.Its addition, with mixed material can pelletizing shaping, and its intensity meets production needs (half enough
Rice falls to 5mm steel plates, more than 5 times) minimum amount be defined.
Further, in step (2) balling process spray sodium hydroxide solution, its sodium hydroxide solution mass concentration be containing
NaOH 30%-55%, calculating proportioning makes 4%-12% of the NaOH quality for rare earth ore concentrate quality in pelletizing.Hydrogen-oxygen at this
Change sodium solution major part to be supplemented through causticization-concentration by rear subsequent filtrate, when the sodium hydroxide solution amount or dense for returning supplement
When degree is not enough, can be adjusted by addition adding NaOH.
In roasting process there is following reaction with rare earth ore concentrate in caustic soda：
REFCO3+ 3NaOH=RE (OH)3+NaF+Na2CO3
REPO4+ 3NaOH=RE (OH)3+Na3PO4
Th3(PO4)4+ 12NaOH=3Th (OH)4+4Na3PO4
The Na of generation2CO3Continue, with rare earth ore concentrate, following reaction occurs：
REFCO3+Na2CO3=RE2O3+2NaF+3CO2
2REPO4+3Na2CO3=RE2O3+2Na3PO4+3CO2
Th3(PO4)4+6Na2CO3=3ThO2+4Na3PO4+6CO2
In fact, above-mentioned reaction coexists generation during caustic soda roasting rare earth concentrate.So addition sodium carbonate can part generation
Reacted for caustic soda.
Simultaneously as caustic soda can also occur following reaction with the impurity in rare earth ore concentrate：
CaF2+ 2NaOH=Ca (OH)2+2NaF
Ca5F(PO4)3+ 10NaOH=5Ca (OH)2+NaF+3Na3PO4
Cause to rare earth ore concentrate grade requirement height in roasting process, and amount of caustic soda is excessive, if adding sodium carbonate,
Can replace caustic soda that the following consumption for reacting, reducing caustic soda occurs.
CaF2+Na2CO3=CaCO3+2NaF
Ca5F(PO4)3+5Na2CO3=5CaCO3+NaF+3Na3PO4
Pelletizing pelletizing particle diameter is 6mm-20mm.Pelletizing particle diameter is too small, affects revolving bed treating capacity；Pelletizing particle diameter is excessive, shadow
Ring pelletizing to be heated evenly, pelletizing outer layer has completely reacted, and pelletizing kernel may unreacted.
Further, it is less than 3% that the green pellets in step (3) is dried to rare earth dry bulb group water content.Rare earth dry bulb group
Aqueous too high, pelletizing may be caused in revolving bed internal fissure.With CO in stoving process requirement drying course2Isolation, drying temperature
For 80 DEG C -200 DEG C.
Further, step (4) rotation bed structure is：Directly over revolving bed ring-shaped furnace bottom, radiant tube is evenly arranged,
Using radiant tube closed radiant heating.It is preferred that radiant tube be gas fired radiant tubes, you can combustion gas body in radiant tube energy combustion heat release,
Carry out heat radiation.Fuel gas used can be low-calorie combustion gas such as blast furnace gas, coal gas etc., and preferred gas heating value is minimum
Up to 700～800 kilocalories.Radiant tube two ends are connected with heat storage, carry out heat storage type combustion heating, further reduce roasting technique
Energy consumption.
Revolving bed burner hearth is sealing structure, using airtight heating：Revolving bed material inlet is provided with helixes feed equipment, and adopts
Material inlet is sealed with feed method of piling；Revolving bed discharging opening is directly connected to granulating unit, with prevent air from charging aperture,
Discharging opening is entered.In the lateral wall of annular furnace, nearly material inlet position, flue outlet is provided with, flue gas is derived by air-introduced machine, can
In adjustment air-introduced machine power adjusting burner hearth, atmosphere is pressure-fired (such as 5pa～100pa).
Revolving bed roasting system is：At a temperature of 700 DEG C -1100 DEG C, isolation air carries out anaerobic roasting, and pelletizing is in rotation
In bed, the time of staying is 30-120min.Temperature calcination temperature is too low, and calcination does not occur or reaction rate is slower.Roasting
Temperature is too high, calcination is promoted not substantially, and high energy consumption, the effective operation for also affecting equipment long-term.Rare earth ore concentrate is in rotation
Carry out completely cutting off air anaerobic roasting in rotated bed, overcome the shortcoming that conventional rare earth roasting technique is exposed to roasting in air, solve
Roasting process Ce2O3CeO is easily oxidized to2And the problem for being difficult to be reclaimed by acid dissolving, be conducive to raising subsequent technique rare earth total
Yield.
Revolving bed roasting is different from the other equipment roasting such as rotary kiln, tunnel cave, and revolving bed is heated using radiant tube, without gas
Body is blown the disturbance to material bed generation, while material belongs to static heating at bed bottom, without the material effect of seething, so roasting
During soot dust granule produce seldom, can simplify or deduct subsequently numerous and diverse dust collecting process.Rare earth ore concentrate is in closed body of heater
Interior isolation air roasting, is different from conventional open-heating technique, and furnace heat scatters and disappears less, is conducive to energy-saving.Simultaneously
The waste gas produced in roasting process, is extracted out by air-introduced machine in closed body of heater, is then focused on, and waste gas will not be without more
Overflow in surrounding air, pollute environment.Therefore, using revolving bed roasting technique, environmental protection index amount is good.
Further, after the hot pelletizing water quenching of step (5), wet grinding is carried out.In grinding process, pulp density is 45%-
85%.Ore pulp is obtained, the fineness of material is preferably below 0.074mm and accounts for more than 70% in ore pulp.
Further, in step (6) by slurry filtration or suction filtration and drip washing washing, make separation of solid and liquid, obtain filter residue and
Filtrate.After rare earth ore concentrate is fired, NaF, Na is generated3PO4、Na2CO3Etc. material soluble in water, using the method for washing
Efficiently separate recovery.Slurry filtration (or suction filtration, press filtration) drip washing, it is neutral to wash to pH value, and separation of solid and liquid obtains filtrate and filter
Slag.
Further, the filtrate in step (7) is using causticization-concentration method process.Filtrate adds excessive quick lime, by solution
In fluorine, phosphorus be fixed as indissoluble material, separation of solid and liquid reclaims indissoluble material, obtains the solution containing NaOH, and solution is concentrated
After purification, return in pellet forming process and reuse.Preferably, after the concentrated purification of solution containing NaOH, NaOH is obtained
Concentration be 30%-40% (mass ratio).
Further, in step (8) dissolving with hydrochloric acid is added to leach above-mentioned filter residue.Using 6mol/L dissolving with hydrochloric acid, 60-80
DEG C constant temperature is leached, and finally gives earth solution and acid leaching residue.
Present invention also offers the system that a kind of revolving bed processes rare earth ore concentrate, comprising proportioner, shaped device, drying
Device, revolving bed calciner, ore grinding device, equipment for separating liquid from solid, leaching device, the system is by above-mentioned multiple devices successively phase
Even constitute.
The present invention can make rare earth ore concentrate caustic soda decomposition technique realize that serialization industrial production, low alkaline consumption, economic benefit are carried
Height, environmental protection index are good.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that the revolving bed of the present invention processes rare earth ore concentrate；
Fig. 2 is the system construction drawing of the process rare earth ore concentrate of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For abundant disclosed purpose, below with reference to drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, by certain rare earth bulk concentrate (containing monazite), REO contents are 35wt% (weight %), and add
Plus agent sodium carbonate and binding agent sodium carboxymethylcellulose by weight proportion 100：10：0.3 is well mixed in proportioner S100,
Compound sprays 55% sodium hydroxide solution using shaped device S200 pelletizings in balling process, it is 8mm-12mm that particle diameter is obtained
Rare earth green pellets, the mass ratio 10 of NaOH quality and rare earth ore concentrate in pelletizing:100.Pelletizing in drying unit S300,
Aqueous 1% dry bulb group is obtained with 150 DEG C after drying.Dry bulb group carries out roasting, roasting temperature using revolving bed calciner S400
Spend for 1100 DEG C, pelletizing time of staying in the revolving bed calciner S400 is 30min.Revolving bed is carried out using gas fired radiant tubes
Closed radiant heating.After roasting, hot pelletizing is sent directly into ore grinding device S500 and carries out water quenching and carry out wet type mill after water quenching
Choosing, in grinding process, pulp density is 45%, obtains the ore pulp that fineness accounts for more than 70% for below 0.074mm.Ore pulp is in solid-liquid
Carry out suction filtration in separator S600, drip washing, it is neutrality to wash to pH value.Filtrate adds excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus, and obtains
To the solution containing NaOH, after the concentrated purification of solution, NaOH concentration is 40%, returns pellet forming process recycling, according to need
It is 55% to add appropriate NaOH adjustment solution NaOH concentration.Filter residue is carried out entirely molten in leaching device S700 using hydrochloric acid
Solution is leached, and concentration of hydrochloric acid is 6mol/L, and 60 DEG C of constant temperature are leached, and obtain re chloride and leached mud.Rare earth total recovery reaches
91.4%.
Embodiment 2
By certain rare earth ore concentrate (predominantly phosphate), REO contents are 58wt%, with Sodium Carbonate Additive and binding agent humic
Sour sodium by weight proportion 100：50：1 is well mixed in proportioner S100, and compound is made using shaped device S200 pelletizings
30% sodium hydroxide solution is sprayed during ball, and rare earth green pellets of the particle diameter for 6mm-9mm, NaOH quality in pelletizing is obtained
Mass ratio 4 with rare earth ore concentrate:100.Pelletizing obtains aqueous 2% dry bulb with 100 DEG C in drying unit S300 after drying
Group.Dry bulb group carries out roasting using revolving bed calciner S400, and sintering temperature is 900 DEG C, and pelletizing is in revolving bed calciner
In S400, the time of staying is 90min.Revolving bed carries out closed radiant heating using gas fired radiant tubes.After roasting, hot pelletizing is straight
Picking ore grinding device S500 carries out water quenching and carries out wet type mill choosing after water quenching, and in grinding process, pulp density is 67%, obtains
It is the ore pulp that below 0.074mm accounts for more than 85% to fineness.Ore pulp is filtered in equipment for separating liquid from solid S600, drip washing, wash to
PH is neutrality.Filtrate adds excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus, and obtains the solution containing NaOH, after the concentrated purification of solution
NaOH concentration is 30%, returns pellet forming process recycling.Filter residue carries out CL leaching in leaching device S700 using hydrochloric acid
Go out, concentration of hydrochloric acid is 6mol/L, 80 DEG C of constant temperature are leached, and obtain re chloride and leached mud.Rare earth total recovery is up to 97.4%.
Embodiment 3
By certain rare earth bulk concentrate (phosphate-containing and fluoro carbonate), REO contents are 65wt%, with Sodium Carbonate Additive and
Binding agent dextrin by weight proportion 100：30：3 are well mixed in proportioner S100, and compound is made using shaped device S200
Ball, sprays 50% sodium hydroxide solution in balling process, rare earth green pellets of the particle diameter for 16mm-20mm, hydrogen-oxygen in pelletizing is obtained
Change the mass ratio 12 of sodium quality and rare earth ore concentrate:100.Pelletizing is obtained after being dried with 150 DEG C aqueous in drying unit S300
1% dry bulb group.Dry bulb group carries out roasting using revolving bed calciner S400, and sintering temperature is 700 DEG C, and pelletizing is in revolving bed
In calciner S400, the time of staying is 120min.Revolving bed carries out closed radiant heating using gas fired radiant tubes.After roasting
Hot pelletizing is sent directly into ore grinding device S500 and carries out water quenching and carry out wet type mill choosing, pulp density in grinding process after water quenching
For 70%, the ore pulp that fineness accounts for more than 90% for below 0.074mm is obtained.Ore pulp filters pouring in equipment for separating liquid from solid S600
Wash, it is neutrality to wash to pH.Filtrate adds excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus, and obtains the solution containing NaOH, and solution is through dense
After contracting purification, NaOH concentration is 35%, returns pellet forming process recycling, adds appropriate NaOH adjustment solution as needed
Contain 50%NaOH.Filter residue carries out CL leaching in leaching device S700 using hydrochloric acid, and concentration of hydrochloric acid is 6mol/L, 80 DEG C of perseverances
Temperature is leached, and obtains re chloride and leached mud.Rare earth total recovery is up to 98.5%.
Embodiment 4
It is 53wt% by certain rare earth ore concentrate (predominantly fluoro carbonate), REO contents, changes with Sodium Carbonate Additive and binding agent
Property starch by weight proportion 100：20：5 are well mixed in proportioner S100, and compound uses shaped device S200 pelletizings,
40% sodium hydroxide solution is sprayed in balling process, and rare earth green pellets of the particle diameter for 10mm-14mm, NaOH in pelletizing is obtained
Quality and the mass ratio 8 of rare earth ore concentrate:100.Pelletizing obtains aqueous 0.1% after drying with 200 DEG C in drying unit S300
Dry bulb group.Dry bulb group carries out roasting using revolving bed calciner S400, and sintering temperature is 700 DEG C, and pelletizing is in revolving bed roasting
In device S400, the time of staying is 90min.Revolving bed carries out closed radiant heating using gas fired radiant tubes.Hot ball after roasting
Group is sent directly into ore grinding device S500 and carries out water quenching and carry out wet type mill choosing after water quenching, and in grinding process, pulp density is
85%, obtain the ore pulp that fineness accounts for more than 98% for below 0.074mm.Ore pulp filters drip washing in equipment for separating liquid from solid S600,
It is neutrality to wash to pH.Filtrate adds excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus, and obtains the solution containing NaOH, and solution is concentrated
After purification, NaOH concentration is 30%, returns pellet forming process recycling, adds appropriate NaOH adjustment solution as needed and contains
40%NaOH.Filter residue carries out CL leaching in leaching device S700 using hydrochloric acid, and concentration of hydrochloric acid is 6mol/L, 80 DEG C of constant temperature
Leach, obtain re chloride and leached mud.Rare earth total recovery is up to 96.9%.
Fig. 2 shows the system used by Fig. 1 using the method that revolving bed processes rare earth ore concentrate, and which is by proportioner
S100, shaped device S200, drying unit S300, revolving bed calciner S400, ore grinding device S500, equipment for separating liquid from solid
S600, leaching device S700 are sequentially connected composition.
Wherein proportioner S100 is used for carrying out dispensing, mix rare earth ore concentrate, additive, binding agent according to part by weight
Material, obtains mixed material；
Shaped device S200 is used for for mixed material carrying out pelletizing, and sprays sodium hydroxide solution, system in balling process
Obtain rare earth green pellets；
Drying unit S300 is used for drying rare earth green pellets, obtains rare earth dry bulb group；
Revolving bed calciner S400 is used for for rare earth dry bulb group carrying out roasting using revolving bed, obtains hot pelletizing；
Rotation bed structure in wherein revolving bed calciner S400 is：Directly over revolving bed ring-shaped furnace bottom, uniform cloth
Radiant tube is equipped with, closed radiant heating is carried out using radiant tube, preferably radiant tube is gas fired radiant tubes, you can combustion gas body is in spoke
Pipe energy combustion heat release is penetrated, heat radiation is carried out.Fuel gas used can be low-calorie combustion gas such as blast furnace gas, coal gas etc., excellent
The gas heating value of choosing is minimum up to 700～800 kilocalories.Heat radiation tube two ends are connected with heat storage, carry out heat storage type combustion heating,
Further reduce the energy consumption of roasting technique.
Revolving bed burner hearth is sealing structure, using airtight heating：Revolving bed material inlet is provided with helixes feed equipment, adopts
Feed method of piling is sealed to material inlet；Revolving bed discharging opening is directly connected to granulating unit, to prevent air from charging aperture, go out
Material mouth is entered.In the lateral wall of annular furnace, nearly material inlet position, flue outlet is provided with, flue gas is derived by air-introduced machine, adjustable
In whole air-introduced machine power adjusting burner hearth, atmosphere is pressure-fired (5pa～100pa).
Ore grinding device S500 is used for hot pelletizing water quenching, carries out wet grinding, obtains ore pulp；
Equipment for separating liquid from solid S600 is used for slurry filtration or suction filtration and drip washing washing, makes separation of solid and liquid, obtain filter residue and
Filtrate；Filtrate adds excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus using the process of causticization concentration method, and separation of solid and liquid reclaims indissoluble material, obtains
To the solution containing NaOH, reuse in return to step (2) pellet forming process after concentrated purification；
Leaching device S700 is used for for the filter residue after step (6) separation of solid and liquid carrying out dissolving leaching using hydrochloric acid, obtains dilute
Native solution and acid leaching residue.
Above example only expresses embodiments of the present invention, therefore its description is more concrete and detailed, but can not be
And it is interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, not
On the premise of departing from present inventive concept, some deformations and improvement can also be made, these belong to protection scope of the present invention.Cause
This, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be defined by claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that revolving bed processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) rare earth ore concentrate, additive, binding agent are carried out dispensing, batch mixing according to part by weight, obtains mixed material；
(2) by the mixed material pelletizing, and sodium hydroxide solution is sprayed in the balling process, rare earth green pellets is obtained；
(3) the rare earth green pellets is dried, obtains rare earth dry bulb group；
(4) rare earth dry bulb group is carried out roasting using revolving bed, obtains hot pelletizing；
(5) by the hot pelletizing water quenching, wet grinding is carried out, ore pulp is obtained；
(6) by the slurry filtration or suction filtration drip washing washing, separation of solid and liquid is made, filter residue and filtrate is obtained；
(7) by the filtrate using causticization-concentration method process, add excessive quick lime to reclaim fluorine, phosphorus, obtain containing NaOH
Solution, reuses in return to step (2) pellet forming process after concentrated purification；
(8) filter residue after step (6) separation of solid and liquid is carried out dissolving leaching using hydrochloric acid, obtains earth solution and acidleach
Slag.
2. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that wherein described in step (1)
Rare earth ore concentrate is in phosphate mineral rare earth ore concentrate, Fluoro-carbonate Minerals rare earth ore concentrate or the mixed rare earth concentrate containing monazite
One or more.
3. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that wherein described in step (1)
Additive bag contains sodium acid carbonate, sodium carbonate.
4. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that wherein ore grinding in step (5)
During pulp density be 45%-85%, in the ore pulp for obtaining, the fineness of material accounts for more than 70% for below 0.074mm.
5. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that wherein described in step (1)
Rare earth ore concentrate, additive, the weight batching ratio of binding agent are 100:10-50:0.3-5.
6. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that wherein described in step (2)
Sodium hydroxide solution mass concentration is 30%-55%.
7. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that wherein described in step (3)
With CO in drying course2Isolation, the drying temperature are 80 DEG C -200 DEG C.
8. the method that revolving bed as claimed in claim 1 processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that in wherein described step (7)
The mass concentration for obtaining NaOH after the concentrated purification of solution containing NaOH is 30%-40%.
9. a kind of system that method using described in aforementioned any claim processes rare earth ore concentrate, it is characterised in that the system
System is by proportioner, shaped device, drying unit, revolving bed calciner, ore grinding device, equipment for separating liquid from solid, leaching device
It is sequentially connected composition.
10. as claimed in claim 9 process rare earth ore concentrate system, it is characterised in that revolving bed described in step (4)
Structure is：Directly over the revolving bed ring-shaped furnace bottom, gas fired radiant tubes has been evenly arranged.
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