CN106493941B - A kind of fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head - Google Patents
A kind of fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106493941B CN106493941B CN201611163826.5A CN201611163826A CN106493941B CN 106493941 B CN106493941 B CN 106493941B CN 201611163826 A CN201611163826 A CN 201611163826A CN 106493941 B CN106493941 B CN 106493941B
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- Prior art keywords
- printing head
- barrel
- printer
- induction coil
- fusion sediment
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0811—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using induction
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fusion sediment type 3D printers of fast changeable printing head, including stamp pad and print head, the print head include: support plate;Printing head is made of metal material, fixed on the supporting plate by printing head bracket;Heating device, including electromagnetic induction coil, the electromagnetic induction coil cover outside printing head, fixed on the supporting plate by coil brace;Cooling device, it is fixed on the supporting plate by cooling holder for cooling down printing head;Control circuit, is electrically connected with the electromagnetic induction coil, provides alternating voltage for electromagnetic induction coil.Fusion sediment type 3D printer heating mechanism and printing head organizational separation of the invention, convenient for the quick-replaceable of printing head.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique field more particularly to a kind of fusion sediment type 3D of fast changeable printing head
Printer.
Background technique
3D printing technique is also known as rapid shaping technique (Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing, abbreviation RP skill
Art), selective laser sintering (SLS), Stereolithography (SLA), laminated solid mass are divided into according to the difference of molding mode and formed
(LOM) and fused glass pellet (FDM) etc..Fused glass pellet (FDM) rapid prototyping system and SLA, LOM, SLS system are most
Big difference is that FDM does not use laser system.
Fused glass pellet method (FDM, Fused Deposition Modeling) is the thermoplasticity using material, is passed through
It is squeezed out by material such as thermoplastic heating melting, and by fuse from the nozzle of heating, carries out melt according to part desired trajectory
The forming method of deposition.
It is extensive currently based on the 3D printer type of fusion sediment method, wherein desktop grade fusion sediment type 3D printer target
Group is individual application, and precision is relatively low, relatively simple for structure.Mostly stepper motor is directly controlled by belt or lead screw
The displacement in tri- directions XYZ.Spray head part directly controls the input and output material and charging rate of material silk using stepper motor.At present
Most 3D printer spray head is difficult to realize quick-replaceable, is also limited to filamentous form material using material.
The Chinese patent literature of Publication No. CN105216327A discloses a kind of melting based on thermoplastic granulates material
Extrusion device, the melt extrusion apparatus include Screw Extrusion mechanism, heating mechanism, feeding mechanism, reduction gearing mechanism and heat dissipation
Mechanism.The Screw Extrusion mechanism includes the extrusion print head of screw rod, machine barrel and machine barrel lower part;The heating mechanism includes heating
Sleeve and temperature control instrument;The feeding mechanism is connected with the material guide port of machine barrel upper side;The reduction gearing mechanism includes watching
Take motor or stepper motor, planetary reducer, installation base and bearing etc.;The cooling mechanism includes cooling fin and fan;Together
When the present invention also provides the 3D printing methods based on the melt extrusion apparatus.But the manufacture of the spray head of screw rod extrusion type is difficult,
It is difficult to disassembly, cleaning.
Air pressure extruded type spray head is typically all to be made of nozzle, heat block, radiating block, four part of heating rod.Nozzle possesses
External screw thread, heat block possess internal screw thread, and radiating block possesses internal screw thread.First heat block is screwed on nozzle, then radiating block is screwed to
On nozzle.Heating rod is inserted into the circular hole on heat block and is heated.In air pressure extruded type spray head when stopping squeezing out, melt
Printed material can trickle downwards naturally under gravity, influence printing effect.
The Chinese patent literature of Publication No. CN105459397A discloses a kind of for fused glass pellet 3D printer
Drip-proof shower nozzle, including passage, heat block, nozzle and feed mechanism have feeding-passage on passage, and nozzle, which is fixed on, leads
The lower end of expects pipe, the spout of nozzle are connected to the feeding-passage of passage;Passage is set in heat block, passage and heating
Block is fixedly connected;Spray head has Anti-drip-leakage mechanism, and Anti-drip-leakage mechanism includes the baffle that can close passage discharge port, passage
Bottom end is provided with guide groove, and baffle is mounted in guide groove, baffle and guide groove clearance fit;Baffle passes through transmission mechanism and stepper motor
Connection, transmission mechanism are converted into plate washer along the translation of passage radial direction for stepper motor, and transmission mechanism steppingly drives
Dynamic baffle closure or the discharge port for opening passage.Although the technology of the patent disclosure can prevent spray head water clock, its structure
It is more complicated.
In addition, being mostly that resistance wire directly heats spray head currently based on the heating method of the 3D printer of fusion sediment method, lead
Spray head is caused to be difficult to quick-replaceable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head, heating mechanism and printing
Nozzle mechanism separation, convenient for the quick-replaceable of printing head.
A kind of fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head, including stamp pad and print head, it is described
Print head includes:
Support plate;
Printing head is made of metal material, fixed on the supporting plate by printing head bracket;
Heating device, including electromagnetic induction coil, the electromagnetic induction coil cover outside printing head, solid by coil brace
Determine on the supporting plate;
Cooling device, it is fixed on the supporting plate by cooling holder for cooling down printing head;
Control circuit, is electrically connected with the electromagnetic induction coil, provides alternating voltage for electromagnetic induction coil.
The principle of electromagnetic induction heating is that the alternating current that power supply generates generates alternating magnetic field by electromagnetic induction coil, is led
Magnetic bodies, which is placed in one, cuts alternate magnetic force line, to generate the electric current (being vortexed) of alternation in interior of articles, vortex makes object
The atom high speed random motion in internal portion, atom collide with each other, rub and generate thermal energy, to play the effect of heating article
Fruit.
Fusion sediment type 3D printer of the invention uses contactless electromagnetic induction heating mode, and heating element is not necessarily to
It is fixedly mounted on printing head, keeps printing head easy to disassemble;Induction heating heating speed is fast, and printing effect can be improved.
To further increase the convenience that the print head of fusion sediment type 3D printer of the present invention dismounts, preferably, institute
The support plate stated is connect with the stamp pad by movable dovetail slot structure.
The fixed dovetail slot structure of housing pin can be passed through.Support plate is connect with stamp pad by movable dovetail slot structure,
The connection type structure is simple, can dismantle print head without tool and be mounted on stamp pad, can replace printing as needed
Head, to adapt to wider printed material.
Preferably, the printing head includes:
Barrel has the cavity for accommodating printed material, comprising:
Cylinder,
Barrel upper cover cooperates with the cylinder threaded one end, has pipe joint,
Barrel lower cover is threadedly engaged with the cylinder other end, has nozzle connector, and the nozzle connector has outer
Screw thread;
Connection ring, inner peripheral surface have on the nozzle connector be the mutually matched internal screw thread of screw thread;
Nozzle, one end have discharge port, and the other end has mutually matched with the internal screw thread on the connection ring inner peripheral surface
External screw thread.
Printing head makes to design using segmentation, convenient for being disassembled, being cleaned to printing head and the replacement of components.It beats
Using being threadedly coupled between each section of spray head of print, convenient for the assembling of printing head, and make the accommodating chamber airtightness of printing head more
It is good.
The material that printing head of the invention can melt with print liquid or at a certain temperature as liquid, as hydrogel,
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastics (ABS plastic), polylactic acid (PLA), low-melting-point metal etc.;Can directly print particle or
Dusty material, and printed material need not be processed into silk, this provides possibility for the test of a small amount of printed materials, and significantly
Shorten the test period.
Preferably, the electromagnetic induction coil includes covering the first induction coil outside the barrel and covering even
Connect the second induction coil outside ring.
First induction coil is used for heating cylinder, and the second induction coil is used to heat nozzle in connection ring, by barrel and
Printing head separately heats, and user can determine barrel temperature and printing head temperature according to the characteristic of printed material, for example, can
Barrel is heated to lower temperature to melt printed material, then at nozzle printed material is heated to higher temperature,
The condition of high temperature is in for a long time to avoid printed material and oxygenolysis occurs, compared with the printing head of the single temperature control of tradition,
The printing head scope of application of the invention is wider.
In order to accurately control the temperature of printing head, real-time monitoring printing head temperature is answered, preferably, of the invention is molten
Melting appositional pattern 3D printer further includes infrared temperature inductive probe, for incuding the temperature of the printing head, is visited by induction
Head bracket is installed on the supporting plate.
Printing head temperature is monitored using infrared temperature inductive probe, temperature element is without being fixedly mounted on printing head
On, further make printing head easy to disassemble.
Further, the infrared temperature inductive probe includes the first temperature sense for incuding the barrel temperature
It should pop one's head in and the second temperature inductive probe for incuding the nozzle temperature.
Preferably, being coated with black matrix paint resistant to high temperature on the outer surface of the barrel and connection ring.It is convenient for incuding
Heating and infrared measurement of temperature.
Preferably, the cooling device includes:
Motor;
Flabellum is mounted on motor;
Motor fixing frame is fixedly mounted on the supporting plate for fixing motor.
Cooling device provides good radiating condition for barrel and nozzle, keeps printed material cold rapidly after nozzle extrusion
But, and the temperature control speed and precision of barrel, nozzle can be improved, improves printing effect.
Preferably, fusion sediment type 3D printer of the invention further includes Pneumatic controller, by conduit with it is described
Printing head be connected.
It is further preferred that fusion sediment type 3D printer of the invention further includes Pneumatic controller, by conduit with
Pipe joint on the barrel on lid is connected.
It is further preferred that the Pneumatic controller includes:
Gas compressor provides positive pressure for barrel;
Vacuum pump provides negative pressure for barrel;
Control unit is electrically connected with gas compressor and vacuum pump, controls unlatching and the pass of gas compressor and vacuum pump
It closes.
The Pneumatic controller of fusion sediment type 3D printer of the invention includes vacuum pump, when fusion sediment type 3D printing
When machine stops printing, vacuum pump provides negative pressure for barrel, and the printed material melted in barrel is avoided to drip under self gravitation effect
Leakage, influences printing effect.
In order to improve printing effect, preferably, the stamp pad is equipped with the printing panel for accepting printed material, institute
The printing panel stated has heating function.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) fusion sediment type 3D printer of the invention uses contactless electromagnetic induction heating mode and infrared induction
Thermometric mode, heating element and infrared measurement of temperature element keep printing head easy to disassemble without being fixedly mounted on printing head;
(2) support plate is connect with stamp pad by movable dovetail slot structure, can be dismantled print head without tool and be installed
On stamp pad, print head can be replaced as needed;
(3) Pneumatic controller includes vacuum pump, and when fusion sediment type 3D printer stops printing, vacuum pump is barrel
Negative pressure is provided, the printed material melted in barrel water clock under self gravitation effect is avoided, influences printing effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of stamp pad;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of print head;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of printing head;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of movable dovetail slot structure.
In figure: 1, bottom plate;2, panel is printed;3, X is to sliding rail;31, X is to sliding block;4, Y-direction sliding rail;41, Y-direction sliding block;5,Z
To sliding rail;6, print head;61, support plate;611, the first support plate;612, fixed dovetail frid;613, movable dovetail frid,
614, location hole;615, positioning column;616, housing pin;62, printing head;621, barrel upper cover;622, cylinder;623, barrel
Lower cover;624, connection ring;625, nozzle;63, printing head bracket;64, the first induction coil;65, the first induction coil bracket;
66, the second induction coil;67, the second induction coil bracket;68, radiator fan;69, cooling holder.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head of the invention includes the bottom of bottom
The movement that plate 1, printing frame, print head 6 and the drive print head 6 being erected in printing frame are moved along X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction
Mechanism, in the present embodiment, Z-direction is vertical direction, and X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis are mutually perpendicular to two-by-two.
Further include gas compressor (not shown), provides positive pressure for barrel;
Vacuum pump (not shown) provides negative pressure for barrel;
Control unit (not shown), is electrically connected with gas compressor and vacuum pump, controls gas compressor and vacuum
The open and close of pump.
Movement mechanism includes:
Two Y-direction sliding rails 4 are separately fixed on two relative sides of stamp pad;Two Y-direction sliding blocks 41, are slided respectively
It is arranged on corresponding Y-direction sliding rail 4, is fixed with corresponding Y-direction timing belt;Two Y-direction active synchronization belt wheel brackets, being used for will
Y-direction stepping motor, Y-direction speed reducer and Y-direction active synchronization belt wheel are mounted on two Y-direction sliding rails;The driven synchronous pulley branch of Y-direction
Frame, for the driven synchronous pulley of Y-direction to be mounted on two Y-direction sliding rails;Two Y-direction stepping motors, are driven by Y-direction timing belt
Two Y-direction sliding blocks 41 move.Every Y-direction belt is coupled in Y-direction active synchronization belt wheel and the driven synchronous pulley of Y-direction.
Two Y-axis driving motors make constant velocity rotation under the driving for the synchronized signal that control unit provides, and slow down by speed reducer
It drives two Y-direction active synchronization belt wheels to rotate afterwards, drives two Y-direction belt movements, and two Y-direction sliding blocks is driven to make synchronous Y
To movement;
To sliding rail 3, both ends are separately fixed on two Y-direction sliding blocks X;X is slided in X on sliding rail 3 to sliding block 31, with X to
Synchronous belt is fixed, while having Z-direction sliding slot;X to active synchronization belt wheel bracket, for by X to stepper motor, X to speed reducer and X
Two X are mounted on on sliding rail to active synchronization belt wheel;X is to driven synchronous pulley bracket, for pacifying X to driven synchronous pulley
Mounted in two X on sliding rail;X is moved under the driving signal driving that control unit provides, is subtracted by speed reducer to stepper motor
X is driven to move to active synchronization belt wheel after speed, X drives X engaged therewith to move band in turn to synchronous belt to active synchronization belt wheel
Dynamic X is moved to sliding block 31;
Z-direction sliding rail 5, with X to the Z-direction sliding slot cooperative movement of sliding block;Z-direction lead screw cooperates with threaded hole of the X on sliding block 31
Movement;Z-direction stepping motor is fixed on Z-direction sliding rail, and Z-direction lead screw is driven under the driving for the driving signal that control unit provides
Rotation, and then so that Z-direction sliding rail 5 is made Z-direction to sliding block 31 relative to X and move.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, print head 6 is fixed on the lower end of Z-direction sliding rail 5.Print head 6 includes:
Support plate 61;
Printing head 62, is made of metal material, and is fixed in support plate 61 by printing head bracket 63;
Heating device, including electromagnetic induction coil, the electromagnetic induction coil cover outside printing head 62, pass through coil brace
It is fixed in support plate 61;
Radiator fan 68 is fixed in support plate 61 for cooling down printing head 62 by cooling holder 69;
Control circuit is electrically connected with electromagnetic induction coil.
Printing head 62 includes:
Barrel has the cavity for accommodating printed material, comprising:
Cylinder 622,
Barrel upper cover 621 cooperates with 622 threaded one end of cylinder, has pipe joint, and pipe joint passes through conduit and gas
Compressor is connected with vacuum pump,
Barrel lower cover 623 is threadedly engaged with 622 other end of cylinder, has nozzle connector, and nozzle connector has outer spiral shell
Line;
Connection ring 624, inner peripheral surface have on nozzle connector be the mutually matched internal screw thread of screw thread;
Nozzle 625, one end have discharge port, and the other end has to cooperate with the internal screw thread on 624 inner peripheral surface of connection ring
External screw thread.
Barrel and connection ring 624 are made of metal material, and outer surface is coated with black matrix paint.
Electromagnetic induction coil includes covering the first induction coil 64 and the second induction coil 66 outside barrel, respectively by the first sense
Coil brace 65 and the second induction coil bracket 67 is answered to be fixed in support plate 61.
The both ends of first induction coil 64 and the second induction coil 66 pass through conducting wire respectively and connect with control unit, are controlling
The alternating current driving that unit provides is lower to generate alternating magnetic field, and eddy current is generated in barrel and connection ring 624, plays heating material
The effect of cylinder and nozzle 625.
The fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head of the invention further includes for incuding barrel temperature
The first temperature sense probe (not shown) and second temperature inductive probe for incuding 625 temperature of nozzle (in figure not
It shows).
It is detachably connected as shown in figure 4, support plate 61 of the invention passes through movable dovetail slot structure with the fixation of Z-direction sliding rail.
Movable dovetail slot structure includes:
First support plate 611, for carrying print head 6;
Fixed dovetail frid 612, is fixed on the lower end of Z-direction sliding rail 5;
Movable dovetail frid 613 is cooperated by the location hole 614 on positioning column 615 and fixed dovetail frid 612;
Threaded hole on housing pin 616, with fixed dovetail frid 612 and movable dovetail frid 613 cooperates, and connection compresses
Fixed dovetail frid 612 and movable dovetail frid 613, the end of housing pin 616 have the round end for being adapted to hand Screw.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in embodiment described above, it should be understood that
Above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all to be done in spirit of the invention
Any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head, including stamp pad and print head, feature exist
In the print head includes:
Support plate;
Printing head is made of metal material, fixed on the supporting plate by printing head bracket;The printing head packet
Include barrel, connection ring and nozzle;Barrel have accommodate printed material cavity, comprising: cylinder, have pipe joint and with it is described
The barrel upper cover of cylinder threaded one end cooperation, under nozzle connector and the barrel that is threadedly engaged with the cylinder other end
Lid;Connection ring inner peripheral surface has and the mutually matched internal screw thread of external screw thread on the nozzle connector;Nozzle one end has discharging
Mouthful, the other end has and the mutually matched external screw thread of internal screw thread on the connection ring inner peripheral surface;
Heating device, including electromagnetic induction coil, the electromagnetic induction coil are covered outside printing head, are fixed on by coil brace
In support plate;
Cooling device, it is fixed on the supporting plate by cooling holder for cooling down printing head;
Control circuit, is electrically connected with the electromagnetic induction coil, provides alternating voltage for electromagnetic induction coil;
Pneumatic controller is connected by conduit with the pipe joint;The Pneumatic controller includes: gas compressor,
Positive pressure is provided for barrel;Vacuum pump provides negative pressure for barrel;Control unit is electrically connected with gas compressor and vacuum pump, control
The open and close of gas compressor and vacuum pump;
The stamp pad is equipped with the printing panel for accepting printed material, and the printing panel has heating function.
2. the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The support plate stated is connect with the stamp pad by movable dovetail slot structure.
3. the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The electromagnetic induction coil stated includes covering the first induction coil outside the barrel and covering second line of induction outside connection ring
Circle.
4. the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Including infrared temperature inductive probe, for incuding the temperature of the printing head, support plate is mounted on by inductive probe bracket
On.
5. the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute
The infrared temperature inductive probe stated includes the first temperature sense probe for incuding the barrel temperature and described for incuding
The second temperature inductive probe of nozzle temperature.
6. the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Black matrix paint resistant to high temperature is coated on the outer surface of the barrel and connection ring stated.
7. the fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The cooling device stated includes:
Motor;
Flabellum is mounted on motor;
Motor fixing frame is fixedly mounted on the supporting plate for fixing motor.
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CN205395195U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-27 | 深圳市同创三维科技有限公司 | Fast dismouting structure of 3D print head |
CN205341923U (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-29 | 郭锦宏 | Induction heating's 3D prints extrusion device |
CN206367193U (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-08-01 | 浙江大学 | A kind of fusion sediment type 3D printer of fast changeable printing head |
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