CN106493185B - Right angle channel continuous extrusion device - Google Patents
Right angle channel continuous extrusion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106493185B CN106493185B CN201611096233.1A CN201611096233A CN106493185B CN 106493185 B CN106493185 B CN 106493185B CN 201611096233 A CN201611096233 A CN 201611096233A CN 106493185 B CN106493185 B CN 106493185B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of right angle channel continuous extrusion devices, it includes the first extrusion die（27）, first extrusion die（27）Including the first extrusion chamber（30）, first extrusion chamber（30）Front side is provided with the first feeding-passage（28）, first extrusion chamber（30）Top is provided with first and rushes（31）, second rush（32）It is rushed with third（33）, described second rushes（32）It is rushed with third（33）It is symmetrically arranged and is rushed in first（31）Two sides, described second rushes（32）It is rushed with third（33）In 120 ° of angles, the extrusion chamber（30）Lower section is provided with right angle tapping channel（29）.The present invention realizes the consecutive production of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line, and without being influenced by furnace body amount of capacity, the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line that can be produced random length, meet component requirements can satisfy the demand of the following Development of High Speed Railway.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of right angle channel continuous extrusion devices, are mainly used for long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium and connect
Touch the consecutive production of line.
Background technique
With the development of electronic information technology, higher and higher to the synthesis service performance requirement of copper alloy conductive material, it
It is asked to keep high-intensitive（Hardness）, toughness, wearability while, still keep higher electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, cold resistance, nothing
The characteristics such as ferromagnetism.These excellent characteristics make copper alloy be increasingly becoming electric power, information, traffic, the energy, light industry and space flight boat
Important meals material used in the high-tech areas such as sky.Many occasion applications seldom in the form of fine copper, this is because fine copper
Intensity it is lower（230~300 MPa）Although can achieve 400 MPa or more after cold working, elongation is only 2%, is being added
In use, its strengthening effect is easy to disappear under heat or certain temperature.So fine copper be applicable only to the little electric power of stress,
Electric appliance, the electric conductor of electronics, radiator, decoration etc..Under the premise of keeping some excellent performances of fine copper, improve as far as possible
The intensity of copper（Hardness）And wearability, high-strength high-conductive copper alloy is gradually developed immediately.
High-speed electric railway uses Cu-Mg, Cu-Sn alloyed contact line at present, such wire rod is to lose conductivity
Premised on, and ageing strengthening type copper alloy such as Cu-Cr-Zr etc., it is that nanometer particle is precipitated using ageing strengthening to improve material
Expect intensity, and ensure that the intensity of material, such material has a matching relationship of intensity and conductivity outstanding, but such conjunction
There are the difficult points such as difficult, at high cost, the mass production unstable quality of production control in gold.
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy as a kind of high-intensitive, highly conductive, high softening temperature alloy material, excellent performance by
It is widely used in many key areas of national economy.This material adds crome metal and metal zirconium, due to chromium using copper as base
It is extremely strong with the affinity of oxygen under high melt casting condition with zirconium, the easily voloxidation in melting and casting process, thus,
Production difficulty is larger.The method using vacuum melting and casting is needed under normal circumstances, to reduce oxidation and volatilization, guarantees product
Finally there is satisfactory chemical component.However, such mode production cycle is long, due to being a furnace one casting, length weight and
Shape is all restricted, and vacuum high production cost, yield are small, is difficult to establish serialization commercial production scale.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of continuously extruded dress of right angle channel for the above-mentioned prior art
It sets, it realizes the consecutive production of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line, without being influenced by furnace body amount of capacity, can produce arbitrarily long
The Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line for spending, meeting component requirements, can satisfy the demand of the following Development of High Speed Railway.
The present invention solve the above problems used by technical solution be：A kind of right angle channel continuous extrusion device, it includes
First extrusion die, first extrusion die include the first extrusion chamber, are provided with first on front side of first extrusion chamber
Feeding-passage, be provided with above first extrusion chamber first rush, second rushes and third is rushed, described first rush,
Second rush and third rush in be provided with and rush and be arranged in a vertical direction with respective matched formed punch, described first, it is described
Second rushes and third rushes to be symmetrically arranged and rushes two sides in first, and described first rushes as two volumes, and described second
It rushes and third is rushed as a volume, described second rushes and third is rushed in 120 ° of angles, sets below the extrusion chamber
It is equipped with right angle tapping channel, the right angle channel discharge port is located at first and rushes underface.
Water-cooling system is provided on the outside of the right angle tapping channel.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1, the present invention realizes the consecutive production of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line, without being influenced by furnace body amount of capacity,
The Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line that random length can be produced, meet component requirements, can satisfy the demand of the following Development of High Speed Railway；
2, the present invention is continuously extruded using right angle channel, can make copper alloy after large plastometric set, and crystal grain is more uniform,
It is more tiny.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is antivacuum in the production technology using a kind of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of smelting apparatus.
Fig. 2 is to connect online in the production technology using a kind of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of continuous solution strengthening device.
Fig. 3 is to connect online in the production technology using a kind of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of continuous granulating unit.
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of right angle channel continuous extrusion device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of right angle channel continuous extrusion device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the C-C cross-sectional view of Fig. 5.
Wherein：
All-in-one oven 1
Second body furnace 2
Third body furnace 3
Interface channel 4
Graphite mace is from even device 5
Hot-wire coil 6
Loading channel 7
Feeding device 8
Cover board 9
Argon gas import 10
Pressure regulator 11
Add phosphorus carbon mouth 12
Crystallizer 13
First outer barrel 14
Bell-type electromagnetic heater 15
First rotation steel cylinder 16
First charging aperture 17
First discharge port 18
Second outer barrel 19
Water inlet 20
Water outlet 21
Water-cooling circulating system 22
Second charging aperture 23
Second discharge port 24
Mesh plate 25
Second rotation steel cylinder 26
First extrusion die 27
First feeding-passage 28
Right angle tapping channel 29
First extrusion chamber 30
First rushes 31
Second rushes 32
Third rushes 33
Water-cooling system 34
Second extrusion die 35
Second extrusion chamber 36
Second feeding-passage 37
Center tapping channel 38
First right angle channel 39
First Vertical Channel 39.1
First level channel 39.2
Second right angle channel 40
Second horizontal channel 40.1
Second Vertical Channel 40.2
Reverse circulation cooling system 41
Feed pressurization channel 42.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
The production technology of one of the present embodiment long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line, it includes following work
Skill step：
Step 1: non-vacuum melting
Standard cathode copper, copper chromium intermediate alloy and copper zirconium intermediate alloy is launched in proportion into non-vacuum melting device to carry out
The melting of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy；
The structure of the non-vacuum melting device is as shown in Figure 1, it includes all-in-one oven 1, the second body furnace 2 and third body furnace
3, it is provided with interface channel 4 between the second body furnace 2 and third body furnace 3, is provided with graphite wolf's fang in the middle part of the interface channel 4
Stick is from even device 5, and the graphite mace is from 4 outsides of interface channel of even 5 two sides of device around being equipped with hot-wire coil 6；
It is provided with loading channel 7 at the top of the all-in-one oven 1, feeding device 8 is provided in the loading channel 7, it is described
1 front end of all-in-one oven is provided with cover board 9；
Argon gas import 10 and pressure regulator 11 are provided at the top of the all-in-one oven 1, the second body furnace 2 and third body furnace 3；
It is provided at the top of the second body furnace 2 and third body furnace 3 and adds phosphorus carbon mouth 12；
Upper lead conticaster is provided with above the third body furnace 3, the crystallizer 13 of the upper lead conticaster protrudes into third body
In furnace 3；
Space in all-in-one oven, after feeding device adds material, above furnace liquid（Argon gas room）It is interior to be full of argon gas, keep air pressure
In the micro-positive pressure of 1.02 standard atmospheric pressures, if it exceeds 1.02 standard atmospheric pressures, pressure regulator discharges gas automatically and adjusts automatically
Section, if air pressure less than the micro-positive pressure of 1.02 standard atmospheric pressures, automatic inflating device applying argon gas, by the technology, can make furnace water with
Air exclusion, and zirconium does not react with inert gas argon gas, to guarantee that chromium does not react with zirconium with extraneous gas.Together
When the aqueous vapor being attached on copper sheet and other gases can also be blown out into argon gas room.Until copper sheet is added completely into all-in-one oven
When, close cover board.
In third body furnace, add phosphorus carbon mouth that can close after having added phosphorus piece and the wooden carbon, the purpose for adding phosphorus carbon makes in furnace gas
Foreign gas can sufficiently react, and reach deoxygenation, the purpose of dehydrogenation.It is similar in second body furnace.The function of pressure regulator is identical.
This step is in further innovation and the improvement of the basis of existing three-body furnace, since all-in-one oven and the second body furnace pass through
After electromagnetic agitation, internal alloy composition distribution is still uneven, shows the characteristics of not only dispersing but also gathering, a part of alloy
The concentration of composition is high, is distributed in jujube core shape many places, and the concentration of a part of alloying component is low；The reason of causing this jujube core formula to be distributed
It is the metal bond energy height since the viscosity of alloying furnace liquid solvent is big, i.e., in furnace liquid between the metal cation of solvent, the conjunction of addition
The resistance of gold element diffusion is big, and alloying element is not easy uniformly to spread, just as being added sesame in oil, although by stirring,
But still cannot uniformly spread, it is different from, and sodium chloride is soluble in water uniformly to spread like that and forms stable solution.To solve to close
The problem of gold element is uniformly spread when using furnace water by the interface channel of the second body furnace and third body furnace, increases hot-wire coil
The vortex of generation is sufficiently stirred, and when by graphite mace from even device, since graphite mace is from multiple on even device
Under spine effect, the alloying element furnace water of jujube core formula can be broken and redistribute, and make that alloying element homogenization is added.
Step 2: continuous up-casting
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is prepared using Continuous Up casting mode and continuously casts bar；
Step 3: on-line continuous solution strengthening
Using on-line continuous solution strengthening device between 960 ~ 1000 DEG C on-line continuous solution strengthening 0.5 ~ 2 hour, so
It is cooled to room temperature afterwards using on-line continuous granulating unit；
As shown in Fig. 2, the on-line continuous solution strengthening device includes the first outer barrel 14, in first outer barrel 14
It is provided with bell-type electromagnetic heater 15 on wall, first outer barrel 14 is provided centrally with the first rotation steel cylinder 16, and described
The upper and lower part of one outer barrel 14 is respectively arranged with first charging aperture 17 and the first discharge port 18；
First outer barrel, 14 top is additionally provided with argon gas import 10 and pressure regulator 11；
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is continuously cast bar and is wound on the first rotation steel cylinder after first charging aperture entrance, after solution strengthening again
It is come out from the first discharge port；
The application uses bell-type electromagnetic heater, and unsuitable electricity consumption hinders heating, because resistance wire cannot contact copper bar,
It rubs with the copper alloy bar on the steel cylinder of rotation, resistance wire can be damaged, heat transfer can only be carried out by gas, and as guarantor
The argon gas heat transfer property for protecting gas is extremely low, to keep heating effect very poor；
Another advantage of bell-type electromagnetic heater is in heat treatment process, and temperature can control in a certain range,
But it is thermally conductive relatively strong due to air, it will form cross-ventilation, be unevenly distributed so as to cause heat, so as to cause element is heated
Heating is uneven, to make to be heated component temperature uneven（Although copper alloy is the good conductor of heat, this non-uniform temperature
The phenomenon that it is still prominent）, and utilizing device heating can be in the surrounding of heating element, along with the copper alloy on steel cylinder casts bar
Do not stopping to rotate, copper alloy bar can be made to be evenly heated；
Additionally, due to using argon gas to make protection gas, since the thermal conductivity of argon gas is low, can be greatly reduced due to gas
The heat that convection current generates is unevenly distributed weighing apparatus phenomenon, to improve the uniformity of element heating；
The method that the copper bar of whole disk is carried out resistance heating by this device comparison tradition in a fixed manner, has greatly excellent
Gesture.
As shown in figure 3, the on-line continuous granulating unit include the second outer barrel 19,19 top of the second outer barrel and
Lower part is respectively arranged with water outlet 21 and water inlet 20, is provided with water-cooling circulating system 22 outside second outer barrel 19,
The water-cooling circulating system 22 is connected with water inlet 20 and water outlet 21 respectively by pipeline, in second outer barrel 19
Portion is provided with two mesh plates 25 up and down, and two mesh plates 25 up and down are described between water inlet 20 and water outlet 21
It is provided with the second rotation steel cylinder 26 between upper and lower two mesh plates 25, is provided with second charging aperture 23 on second outer barrel 19
With the second discharge port 24, the second charging aperture 23 and the second discharge port 24 are between upper and lower two mesh plates 25, and described
Two feed inlets 23 are located at 24 top of the second discharge port；
Continuous uniform water is cooling, if not using mesh form, intermediate water flow can be more very fast than the water velocity at edge, in this way
It is cooling uneven just to will form copper bar water, to make copper alloy internal organizational structure larger difference occur, if adopting mesh-structured water
Cooling, intermediate water velocity is not in laminar flow phenomenon, to achieve the effect that continuous uniform water is cooling, to make copper alloy
It is dry uniformly cooling, so that group structure is uniform inside copper copper chromium zirconium.
Step 4: right angle channel is continuously extruded
Continuously extruded processing is carried out using right angle channel continuous extrusion device, Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is obtained and continuously contacts with line bar
Base；
The continuous extrusion device has following two embodiment：
Embodiment one：
As shown in figure 4, the right angle channel continuous extrusion device includes the first extrusion die 27, first extrusion die
27 include the first extrusion chamber 30, and the first feeding-passage 28 is provided on front side of first extrusion chamber 30, and described first squeezes
Be provided with above cavity 30 first rush 31, second rush 32 and third rush 33, described first, which rushes 31, second, rushes 32 and
Third rush in 33 be provided with respective matched formed punch, described first, which rushes 31, is arranged in a vertical direction, second punching
Road 32 and third, which rush 33 and be symmetrically arranged, rushes 31 two sides in first, and described first rushes 31 as two volumes, and described the
Two rush 32 and third rush 33 as a volume, described second rush 32 and third rush 33 in 120 ° of angles, the extruding
Right angle tapping channel 29 is provided with below cavity 30, the right angle channel discharge port 29 is located at first and rushes immediately below 31；
Water-cooling system 34 is provided on the outside of the right angle tapping channel 29；
When continuous casting bar is expressed to cavity by continuous extruder, copper alloy is in soft state, convenient for filling in the cavity
It is full to squeeze.When cavity full state, first rush in formed punch move downward（2 volumes）, it is squeezed, at the same time,
2 volumes of extruding wheel throat-fed, second rush and third rush in formed punch move back 1 volume respectively backward, to guarantee
Cavity is in full state always, and filler material is made to enter right angle channel, is squeezed, and is cooled down.
When the formed punch in first rushes, which moves downward extruding, to be completed, at this time second rush and third rush in formed punch
Retreat to top, start to be squeezed downwards at the same time, extruding wheel feed 2 volumes blank, first rush in formed punch to
2 volumes of backed off after random.Due to forming the process of reciprocation cycle, the continuously extruded works in channels such as long length right angle are realized to reach
Skill；Second rush and third rush in the resultant force that is formed when being squeezed of formed punch, with first rush in formed punch squeezed
The effect of power be equivalent.
Embodiment two：
As shown in Fig. 5 ~ Fig. 8, the right angle channel continuous extrusion device includes the second extrusion die 35, and described second squeezes
Mold 35 includes the second extrusion chamber 36, and the second feeding-passage 37 and up and down is provided on front side of second extrusion chamber 36
Four feed pressurization channels 42 are equipped in each feed pressurization channel 42 and respective matched formed punch, second extrusion chamber
Center tapping channel 38, second feeding-passage 37 and center tapping channel 38 and the second extrusion chamber are provided on rear side of body 36
36 are located on same center line, and four feed pressurization channels 42 and 36 center line of the second extrusion chamber are in a certain angle, institute
Stating center tapping channel 38 includes two sections of front and back, is provided with reverse circulation cooling system 41 on the outside of 38 leading portion of center tapping channel,
Tapping channel 38 back segment in center is provided with the first right angle channel 39 and the second right angle channel 40, and first right angle channel 39 is located at
Second right angle channel, 40 front side；
First right angle channel 39 includes the first Vertical Channel 39.1 and first level channel 39.2, second right angle
Channel 40 includes the second Vertical Channel 40.2 and the second horizontal channel 40.1, and first Vertical Channel 39.1, first level are logical
Road 39.2, the second Vertical Channel 40.2 and the second horizontal channel 40.1 are in cross arrangement, the first Vertical Channel 39.1, the first water
It is provided in flat channel 39.2, the second Vertical Channel 40.2 and the second horizontal channel 40.1 and respective matched formed punch.
Step 5: ageing treatment
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line bar base after continuously extruded uses ageing treatment device between 400 ~ 500 DEG C at timeliness
Then reason 3 ~ 5 hours is cooled to room temperature using on-line continuous granulating unit；
The structure of the ageing treatment device is identical as solution strengthening device.
Step 6: cold drawn forming
Line bar base is continuously contacted with to Cu-Cr-Zr alloy and carries out multi-pass cold drawing, Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is made and continuously contacts with line.
In addition to the implementation, all to use equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement the invention also includes there is an other embodiments
The technical solution that mode is formed should all be fallen within the scope of the hereto appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of right angle channel continuous extrusion device, it is characterised in that：It includes the first extrusion die（27）, described first squeezes
Mold（27）Including the first extrusion chamber（30）, first extrusion chamber（30）Front side is provided with the first feeding-passage（28）,
First extrusion chamber（30）Top is provided with first and rushes（31）, second rush（32）It is rushed with third（33）, described
One rushes（31）, second rush（32）It is rushed with third（33）Inside be provided with respective matched formed punch, described first rushes
（31）It is arranged in a vertical direction, described second rushes（32）It is rushed with third（33）It is symmetrically arranged and is rushed in first（31）Two
Side, described first rushes（31）It is rushed for two volumes, described second（32）It is rushed with third（33）For a volume, described
Two rush（32）It is rushed with third（33）In 120 ° of angles, the extrusion chamber（30）Lower section is provided with right angle tapping channel
（29）, the right angle tapping channel（29）Feed inlet be located at and first rush（31）Underface；
When continuous casting bar is expressed to cavity by continuous extruder, copper alloy is in soft state, squeezes convenient for being full of in the cavity
Pressure；When cavity full state, first rush in formed punch move downward 2 volumes, squeezed, at the same time, extruding wheel
2 volumes of throat-fed, second rush and third rush in formed punch move back 1 volume respectively backward, thus guarantee cavity begin
It is in full state eventually, and filler material is made to enter right angle channel, is squeezed, and cooled down；
When the formed punch in first rushes, which moves downward extruding, to be completed, at this time second rush and third rush in formed punch retreated to
Top starts to be squeezed downwards at the same time, extruding wheel feed 2 volumes blank, first rush in formed punch draw back
2 volumes out；Due to forming the process of reciprocation cycle, the continuously extruded techniques in channels such as long length right angle are realized to reach；
Second rush and third rush in the resultant force that is formed when being squeezed of formed punch, with first rush in the power that is squeezed of formed punch
Effect be equivalent.
2. a kind of right angle channel continuous extrusion device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The right angle tapping channel
（29）Outside is provided with water-cooling system（34）.
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| CN1169664C (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-10-06 | 天津理工学院 | High-polymerizing equal path-way corner continuous extruder |
| CN203565538U (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-04-30 | 中铁建电气化局集团康远新材料有限公司 | High-temperature continuous extrusion device |
| RU2560474C2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-08-20 | ОБЩЕСТВО С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬЮ "НаноМет" | Method of continuous equal channel angular pressing of metal blanks in form of rod |
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