CN1064879A - Vertical semi-coke oven and production technique thereof - Google Patents
Vertical semi-coke oven and production technique thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1064879A CN1064879A CN 92102305 CN92102305A CN1064879A CN 1064879 A CN1064879 A CN 1064879A CN 92102305 CN92102305 CN 92102305 CN 92102305 A CN92102305 A CN 92102305A CN 1064879 A CN1064879 A CN 1064879A
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Abstract
A kind of closed type heats the rectangle vertical semi-coke oven outward, and body of heater is made up of the destructive distillation chamber of 4-12 flat cone structure, and quirk is a 5-7 layer baffling burning structure.Adopting low ash content bottle coal, weakly caking coal, long-flame coal, brown coal and non-caking coal is raw material, select the charcoal piece of certain particle size to send into the indoor medium temperature carbonization that carries out of the destructive distillation of building by laying bricks or stones by high alumina brick, the red material of the discharging cooling of to spray water in right amount, the semicoke water content is below 1%, do not produce sewage, exhaust gas emission meets national environmental standard.This semicoke is specialized in the big furnace of calcium carbide of current consumption and the ferrosilicon stove is made reductive agent usefulness, uses this semicoke can make present domestic calcium carbide and ferrosilicon current consumption reduce about 1000 degree/tons, and can improve the quality of products.
Description
The invention belongs to the coking field in the coal processing transformation technology, be specifically related to a kind of closed type and heat square type vertical semi-coke oven and semicoke production technique thereof outward.
In the prior art, the most metallurgical cokes that adopt of the production of furnace of calcium carbide and ferrosilicon stove are as the plain reductive agent of charcoal.Because metallurgical coke ash oontent height (greater than 12%), chemically reactive is low, price is high, causes the product cost height.It is that to adopt semicoke and native Jiaozhuo be charcoal plain reductive agent that some stoves are also arranged at present, though price decreases, but its ash oontent higher (14-18%), chemically reactive is low, lower than resistance, current consumption is big, native in addition burnt unstable properties, the production cost height that causes calcium carbide and iron alloy, the quality instability, also having some semicokes in addition is the products of paying that reclaim behind coal gas and the tar, as the semicoke that Gas Company produced, because of it can not guarantee the quality and the performance of semicoke, all can not satisfy the requirement of furnace of calcium carbide and ferrosilicon stove to the plain reductive agent of charcoal.Its ash content of Fugu Jiao (shenfu coal) decreases (greater than 9%) for another example, and chemically reactive is still not high, though than burnt good with soil, but power consumption is still high in using, and still is not suitable for the hot stove in ore deposit and uses.
1 ton of calcium carbide of external at present production, power consumption is generally at the 2700-2800 degree, and the furnace of calcium carbide ton power consumption of calcium carbide of Shanxi 5000KVA 3500 the degree more than, the furnace of calcium carbide ton power consumption of calcium carbide of 3200KVA 3800 the degree about, the furnace of calcium carbide ton power consumption of calcium carbide of 1800KVA 4200 the degree about.The power consumption of 75 ferrosilicon is generally the 8700-8800 degree abroad.And the power consumption of Shanxi 75 ferrosilicon is the 9700-10000 degree.The one of the main reasons that current consumption is big is exactly inapplicable to the hot stove in these ore deposits as the coke of the plain reductive agent of charcoal, so be badly in need of solving special-purpose burnt production, and require this special-purpose burnt chemically reactive height, lower than resistance height, ash content, the chemically reactive height, specific surface area can be quickened the reduction reaction in the stove greatly, shorten the heat, can make full use of electric energy, improve furnace temperature, save energy than resistance height, ash content are low.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly a kind of vertical semi-coke oven of producing special-purpose Jiao of design, and the semicoke that produces is mainly used in the big furnace of calcium carbide of current consumption, ferrosilicon stove etc. and uses as the plain reductive agent of charcoal.Adopt this semicoke about average economize on electricity ton product about 1000 is spent on the basis of present domestic calcium carbide and ferrosilicon production power consumption, and can improve percentage of product.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts vertical semi-coke oven, and its type of furnace is that closed type heats square type shaft kiln outward, is made up of body of heater, destructive distillation chamber, coal-fired heating chamber, quirk etc.Body of heater is made up of the destructive distillation chamber of some groups of flat cone structures, and every group has two destructive distillation chambers at least, and its locular wall all adopts high alumina brick to build by laying bricks or stones.Both sides in each destructive distillation chamber are provided with quirk, and quirk is a 5-7 layer baffling burning structure.The top of destructive distillation chamber is provided with charging opening and coal-gas recovering mouth, and this coal-gas recovering mouth communicates with stock gas road and vertical gas pipe, and vertical gas pipe and coal-fired heating chamber communicate with the first layer quirk, and uppermost one deck quirk communicates with flue.The bottom of destructive distillation chamber is provided with the interlayer cyclic water jacket in order to the cooling heat material.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following production technique:
The charcoal piece of a, selection certain particle size, the loading hopper of packing into enters the destructive distillation chamber through loading hopper, and by coal-fired heating chamber igniting heating, combustion gas reaches the charcoal floor through destructive distillation chamber locular wall then, and along with the rising of temperature, volatile matter limit destructive distillation is discharged on charcoal piece limit.
B, in retort process, combustion gas in charcoal piece and the quirk is the adverse current trend, the coal gas that produces is folded to vertical gas pipe and in the first layer quirk of the furnace bottom that arrives again through the gas pipe that the coal-gas recovering mouth at top, destructive distillation chamber enters furnace roof, in the first layer quirk, together burn, after the baffling quirk fully burns, enter flue then and enter atmosphere with the combustion gas of coming in by coal-fired heating chamber.
C, charcoal piece drop to the bottom by top, destructive distillation chamber, under middle temperature, form semicoke, the sidewall tapering of destructive distillation chamber has guaranteed that coking limit, charcoal piece limit descends smoothly by deadweight, treat to cool off when semicoke drops to the interlayer cyclic water jacket, be cooled to about about 300 ℃, by manually opening the discharge gate automatic discharge, discharge is spaced apart 15-30 minute once, falls into the cooling of truck water spray then.
Further describe most preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a furnace binding synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an A-A diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a B-B diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a C-C diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of semicontinuous vertical semi-coke oven of producing, and belongs to the medium temperature carbonization stove.Body of heater is made up of 4-12 destructive distillation chamber, and per two Room are one group, daily output semicoke 15-50 ton.
Fig. 2 is a destructive distillation chamber longitudinal sectional drawing, and destructive distillation chamber 2 is up-small and down-big flat cone structure, and its locular wall is built high alumina brick, the outer clay brick of building, outermost layer is built common brick, and its top is provided with loading hopper 1 and coal-gas recovering mouth 4, the bottom links to each other with heat material cooling tank 3, and this cooling tank is the interlayer cyclic water jacket.The high alumina brick skin also is equipped with temperature instrumentation 14 in the destructive distillation chamber, generally gets final product with platinum rhodium thermocouple and circular chart recorder.
Fig. 3,4 is the quirk longitudinal sectional drawing, quirk 6 adopts high alumina brick to build by laying bricks or stones, be 5-7 layer baffling burning structure, the high 612-816mm of the first layer quirk, the high 476-544mm of second layer quirk, the 3rd layer of high 408-476mm of quirk, above quirk height is 408mm, tail end at the first layer quirk is provided with ash trapping pit 7 and leaves ash removing opening 12, and the place is provided with secondary air registers hole 8 at second layer quirk.Be provided with ash removing opening 13 in the lower end of gas pipe 5.The combustion gas road 11 of gas pipe 5 and coal-fired heating chamber 10 all communicates with the first layer quirk.
Adopting this vertical semi-coke oven to produce semicoke raw materials used is low ash content bottle coal, weakly caking coal, long-flame coal, brown coal and non-caking coal, and its granularity is 30-150mm, and maximum particle size should be controlled in 2 with the ratio of minimum particle size.
Be controlled at 800-1100 ℃ for the bottle coal pyrolysis temperature, weakly caking coal and long-flame coal pyrolysis temperature are controlled at 700-900 ℃, brown coal and non-caking coal pyrolysis temperature are controlled at 600-750 ℃.
Combustion gas in retort process in charcoal piece and the quirk is the adverse current trend, i.e. cold burden heating gradually from top to bottom, and heat is emitted in combustion gas from bottom to top gradually in quirk, make heat exchanging process abundant, and the charcoal piece adds thermal balance, and the volatile matter volatilization is fully.The dry distillation gas of giving birth to enter gas pipe 5 through coal-gas recovering mouth 4 and together import with combustion gas in the coal-fired heating chamber 10 and carry out secondary combustion in the quirk.Because this semi-coke oven small scale, output is little, and the temperature in the gas pipe very high (during the destructive distillation bottle coal about about 900 ℃) in addition is not so coal tar can be separated out the obstruction air flue in gas pipe, fully burn but enter quirk, enter flue 9 then and discharge from chimney 15 in company with coal gas.Avoided that contained phenol type substances is to the pollution of environment in the tar, waste gas enters and meets national environmental standard fully.
This vertical semi-coke oven is the semicontinuous production of top charging end discharging, discharge is spaced apart 15-30 minute, every chamber each discharge 50-70 kilogram, red material (the about 300 ℃) cooling of will spraying water of discharging, injection flow rate is 10-30%, and purpose is to improve the semicoke performance, reduces scaling loss, and by the heat of semicoke self with below the moisture evaporation to 1%, so do not produce sewage.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are: semicoke that this coke oven produces is through bulk trial, and its performance indications are for containing fixed carbon more than 87%, and ash content 7-9.5%, volatile matter be below 3%, and moisture is below 1%, powder than resistance at 2300 Ω mm2More than/the m, chemism is more than 75% (1100 ℃ time), and depending on porosity 50-58%, char yeild is 60-65%. This semicoke have chemism height, specific area big, than advantages such as resistance height, ash content are low, be suitable for the mineral hot furnaces such as furnace of calcium carbide and Fesi Furnace and use as the plain reducing agent of charcoal. Adopt the present national calcium carbide of this half coke ratio, the average ton of ferrosilicon production power consumption to economize on electricity about about 1000 degree, as Be used for the big furnace of calcium carbide ton power consumption of calcium carbide of power consumption and can be down to about 3000 degree, can effectively cut down the consumption of energy, improve the quality of products, produce significant economic benefit.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of vertical semi-coke oven, the type of furnace is that closed type heats square type shaft kiln outward, form by body of heater, destructive distillation chamber, coal-fired heating chamber, quirk etc., it is characterized in that body of heater is made up of the destructive distillation chamber of some groups of flat cone structures, the both sides of each destructive distillation chamber are provided with quirk, and quirk is a 5-7 layer baffling burning structure; The top of destructive distillation chamber is provided with charging opening and coal-gas recovering mouth, this coal-gas recovering mouth communicates with stock gas road and vertical gas pipe, vertical gas pipe and combustion heating chamber communicate with the first layer quirk, uppermost one deck quirk communicates with flue, and the bottom of destructive distillation chamber is provided with the interlayer cyclic water jacket in order to the cooling heat material.
2, vertical semi-coke oven according to claim 1 is characterized in that per at least 2 of above-mentioned destructive distillation chamber is one group, and its locular wall all adopts high alumina brick to build by laying bricks or stones.
3, according to claim 1,2 described vertical semi-coke ovens, it is characterized in that the deflector type quirk adopts high alumina brick to build by laying bricks or stones, and the high 612-816mm of the first layer quirk, the high 476-544mm of second layer quirk, the 3rd layer of high 408-476mm of quirk, more than each quirk height be 408mm, be provided with ash trapping pit and leave ash removing opening at the tail end of the first layer quirk, the place is provided with the secondary air registers hole at second layer quirk.
4, a kind of vertical semi-coke oven is characterized in that the semicoke production technique comprises:
The charcoal piece of a, selection certain particle size, the loading hopper of packing into enters the destructive distillation chamber through loading hopper, and by coal-fired heating chamber igniting heating, combustion gas reaches the charcoal floor through destructive distillation chamber locular wall then, and along with the rising of temperature, volatile matter limit destructive distillation is discharged on charcoal piece limit.
B, in retort process, combustion gas in charcoal piece and the quirk is the adverse current trend, the coal gas that produces is folded to vertical gas pipe and in the first layer quirk of the furnace bottom that arrives again through the gas pipe that the coal-gas recovering mouth at top, destructive distillation chamber enters furnace roof, in the first layer quirk, together burn, after the baffling quirk fully burns, enter flue then and enter atmosphere with the combustion gas of coming in by coal-fired heating chamber.
C, charcoal piece drop to the bottom by top, destructive distillation chamber, under middle temperature, form semicoke, the sidewall tapering of destructive distillation chamber has guaranteed that coking limit, charcoal piece limit descends smoothly by deadweight, treat to cool off when semicoke drops to the interlayer cyclic water jacket, be cooled to about about 300 ℃, by manually opening the discharge gate automatic discharge, discharge is spaced apart 15-30 minute once, falls into the cooling of truck water spray then.
5, technology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that producing semicoke raw materials used is low ash content bottle coal, weakly caking coal, long-flame coal, brown coal and non-caking coal, and its granularity is 30-150mm, and maximum particle size should be controlled in 2 with the ratio of minimum particle size.
6, according to claim 4,5 described technologies, it is characterized in that being controlled at 800-1100 ℃ for the bottle coal pyrolysis temperature, weakly caking coal and long-flame coal pyrolysis temperature are controlled at 700-900 ℃, brown coal and non-caking coal pyrolysis temperature are controlled at 600-750 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102305 CN1064879A (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1992-04-02 | Vertical semi-coke oven and production technique thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102305 CN1064879A (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1992-04-02 | Vertical semi-coke oven and production technique thereof |
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| CN1064879A true CN1064879A (en) | 1992-09-30 |
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| CN 92102305 Pending CN1064879A (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1992-04-02 | Vertical semi-coke oven and production technique thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1966612B (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2010-12-08 | 陕西省神木县三江煤化工有限责任公司 | Low-temperature coal carbonization manufacturing technique |
| CN102538455A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-04 | 许继忠 | Pot-type calcining furnace |
-
1992
- 1992-04-02 CN CN 92102305 patent/CN1064879A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1966612B (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2010-12-08 | 陕西省神木县三江煤化工有限责任公司 | Low-temperature coal carbonization manufacturing technique |
| CN102538455A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-04 | 许继忠 | Pot-type calcining furnace |
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