CN106483579A - A kind of method for obtaining fault activities situation - Google Patents
A kind of method for obtaining fault activities situation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for obtaining fault activities situation, the concrete condition of the turn-off quantitative analysis acquisition produced based on the fault activities to be analyzed fault activities, wherein：Different tectonic epochs are divided as boundary based on build time order with unconformable ground layer lineage；With fault activities to be analyzed described in the corresponding turn-off quantitative analysis of ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs in the active situation of the corresponding tectonic epochs, the corresponding turn-off of the ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs is the superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs after the tectonic epochs and the tectonic epochs are produced.Compared with prior art, the method according to the invention can obtain more accurate fault activities situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological exploration field, in particulars relate to a kind of method for obtaining fault activities situation.
Background technology
In sedimentary basin, fracture active procedure is closely bound up with Gas Accumulation.Oil gas is usually dredged via fracture and is entered
Enter among trap, while fracture also can play destruction to oil-gas reservoir in follow-up activity.
Therefore, during oil-gas exploration, analysis obtains fault activities situation especially fault activities phase time and oil gas
Relation between Pool-forming time just becomes particularly significant.As a fracture usually experienced Polyphase activity, it is desirable to section
The period for learning, determining exactly fault activities generation is not easy.Currently used for determination degree of faults in active period
Method mainly have following three kinds.
(1) balanced cross section method
Balanced cross section method is by geometry principle, all answers deformation structure on the section of vertical configuration trend
Original becomes a kind of analogue technique of rational undeformed state.In actual applications, the technical method is on the one hand permissible
Be used for checking structure section to explain whether rationally, if return to undeformed state, each series of strata and fracture
Relatively align, without breach, then the results contrast that explains rationally, otherwise represents uneven, the explanation knot of fracture
Really unreasonable；On the other hand the phase time of tectonic activity can also be analyzed, and provides tectogenetic tool of each phase time
Scale of construction value.
The shortcoming of balanced cross section method：
It is whole structure section displacement in the horizontal direction that balanced cross section becomes the quantitative data that figure method is provided, real
The contribution that horizontal displacement does not only rupture on border, more has the contribution of fold, and existing various balanced cross sections become figure
Software (such as 2Dmove software etc.) also cannot usually provide each fragmentation levels displacement, more not give certainly
Go out vertical displacement amount.Further, since becoming figure section perpendicular to the trend of construction, break at simply one on section
Point, the fault activities phase for being obtained time is just for a point in fracture, and passes through the conclusion that a point is obtained
The active situation of whole fracture can not be represented.
(2) fault growth index (Growth index) method
Fault growth Index Definition is to rupture the downthrow block of the same stratigraphic unit in both sides by C.E.Thorsen (1963)
Thickness and the ratio for rising disc thickness.He thinks to compare the big of different times fault growth index on growth index figure
Little, it will be appreciated that tomography is in the activity intensity of different times.Fault growth index can typically be illustrated：
The time that fracture comes into play；
Fault activities most strong period, i.e. downthrow block stratum increase the maximum epoch；
The newest epoch that the latter stage of fault activities, i.e. downthrow block stratum increase.
According to the viewpoint of C.E.Thorsen, the power of the size reflection fault activities of fault growth index, growth
Index is equal to 1, and rupture inertia；More than 1, fault activities, growth index are bigger, and Activity of Faults is stronger.
The shortcoming of fault growth index method：
Fault growth index technique method application is simultaneously remarkable, only when the deposition speed of different parts in basin
When rate is consistent, could be with the power relatively of activity between growth index contrast tomography；Also only has the deposition in each epoch
When speed keeps constant, Strength Changes of the tomography on temporal evolution could be determined with growth index.In fact basin
In ground, different parts, the sedimentation rate of different times are changes, therefore apply fault growth index in practice,
Intensity of the tomography in different times activity cannot both be reflected, can not have been compared same disconnected on same Different Period position
Layer or the activity intensity of different tomographies.It can be seen that without comparativity between the fault growth index of each geologic age, no
Can be used for contrasting tomography in the relatively strong and weak of activity of each epoch, adopting said method can even get the wrong sow by the ear.
Additionally, fault growth index method simply becomes figure to some location point in fracture, it is impossible to which reflection fracture is whole
Body situation.And the method is the method adopted for syngenetic fracture, it is suitable only for just breaking in rift basin
The research that splits.Because of a variety of drawbacks of the technical method, abandoned by geologist at present.
(3) fault gouge thermoluminescent method
Thermoluminescent method is the quartz grains by determining in fault gouge or the age for penetrating calcite veins body therebetween
Carry out study of fault Ages of Activity.These mineral are often formed relatively early, by the rock around fracture and early stage arteries and veins body
When tomography occurs the changing of the relative positions, it is added to after being grated in new fault material.If these mineral are in rhegmagenesis
Cheng Zhong, due to the impact of temperature and pressure so as to lose the time memory of early stage, that is, be referred to as " geology clock "
Zero, after faulting, they receive the nuclear radiation energy of ambient radiation field again, restart " clock "
Start timing, the temporal information for now starting to store should be the ending fracture movable time.Tested by thermoluminescence
Technology, extracting time information, to reach the purpose for determining the fracture last time activity time.
The shortcoming of fault gouge thermoluminescent method：
For oil exploration, it is all in most cases to avoid fracture to be drilled, simply under cas fortuit
The core at underground fracture is got, this causes to be restricted by the method for the rock study of fault that ruptures itself.
To sum up, the method for prior art preferably can not accurately obtain the concrete condition of fault activities.Therefore,
In order to more accurate fault activities situation is obtained, a kind of new side for obtaining fault activities situation is needed
Method.
Content of the invention
In order to obtain more accurate fault activities situation, the invention provides a kind of for obtaining fault activities feelings
The method of condition, the turn-off quantitative analysis produced based on fault activities to be analyzed obtain the concrete feelings of the fault activities
Condition, methods described are comprised the steps of：
Different tectonic epochs are divided as boundary based on build time order with unconformable ground layer lineage；
With fault activities to be analyzed described in the corresponding turn-off quantitative analysis of ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs right
The active situation of the tectonic epochs that answers, wherein, the corresponding turn-off of ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs is described
The superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs are produced after tectonic epochs and the tectonic epochs.
In one embodiment, the size of the fault activities intensity is characterized with the size of the occurrence of the turn-off,
Wherein, for arbitrary tectonic epochs, the occurrence of the corresponding turn-off of the ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs
Size be characterized as the fault activities intensity after the tectonic epochs and the tectonic epochs in all of tectonic epochs
Superposition.
In one embodiment, for arbitrary tectonic epochs, will be uppermost for the tectonic epochs described unconformable
The both sides of the corresponding fault activities to be analyzed of the top surface of ground layer lineage carry out evening up operation to eliminate the structure
The superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs after the phase are produced is made, wherein, is evened up in operation described
The corresponding ground layer lineage of the tectonic epochs is overall with the uppermost unconformable ground layer lineage of the tectonic epochs
Top surface moved integrally accordingly.
In one embodiment, with the turn-off of the arbitrary ground layer lineage for evening up the tectonic epochs after operation
Value quantitative analysis described in fault activities to be analyzed in the active situation of the corresponding tectonic epochs, wherein, work as warp
The turn-off for crossing the arbitrary ground layer lineage for evening up the tectonic epochs after operating is described to be analyzed when being zero
Fault activities inertia in the tectonic epochs.
In one embodiment, with the turn-off of the arbitrary ground layer lineage for evening up the tectonic epochs after operation
Value quantitative analysis described in fault activities to be analyzed the corresponding tectonic epochs activity intensity.
In one embodiment, with the mistake of the active situation of fault activities to be analyzed described in the turn-off quantitative analysis
Cheng Zhong：
Statistics obtains the construction data on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum；
The construction data are pre-processed to obtain the ground related to the turn-off of the fault activities to be analyzed
Prime number evidence；
The geologic data of the turn-off correlation based on the fracture to be analyzed carries out quantitative analysis to obtain to the turn-off
Take the concrete condition of the fault activities.
In one embodiment, the construction data on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum include described to be analyzed disconnected
The paired construction absolute elevation value in movable both sides stratum is split, and the fault activities both sides ground to be analyzed is obtained in statistics
During the construction data of layer：
Construction face absolute elevation construction data volume is switched to text data volume；
Data processing is carried out to the text data volume to extract the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum
Paired construction absolute elevation value.
In one embodiment, during pre-processing to the construction data：
Counting statistics point walks position upwards in the fault activities to be analyzed；
Calculate the paleostructure on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum and ancient normal throw.
In one embodiment, during quantitative analysis is carried out to the turn-off, make related to the turn-off
Map, based on fault activities situation described in the map quantitative analysis, wherein, the map includes：
The stratum opposite joining relation figure on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum,
The turn-off of the fault activities to be analyzed is along the turn-off variation diagram of the fault activities trend to be analyzed
And/or the turn-off size probability distribution graph of the turn-off of the fault activities to be analyzed.
In one embodiment, the map also stratum opposite joining relation figure comprising each tectonic epochs, described disconnected
Away from variation diagram and/or the turn-off size probability distribution graph.
Compared with prior art, the method according to the invention can obtain more accurate fault activities situation.
The further feature of the present invention or advantage will be illustrated in the following description.Also, the part of the present invention is special
Levy or advantage will be become apparent by specification, or be appreciated that by implementing the present invention.The present invention
Purpose and certain advantages can by specifically noted step in specification, claims and accompanying drawing come
Realize or obtain.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes a part for specification, with the present invention
Embodiment be provided commonly for explain the present invention, be not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1-Fig. 3 is the fault activities stratigraphic section schematic diagram of different times；
Fig. 4 is method execution flow chart according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 a-5d is the two disk stratum opposite joining relation figures according to one embodiment of the invention construction；
Fig. 6 a-6d is the turn-off across pitch variation diagram according to one embodiment of the invention construction；
Fig. 7 a-7d is the turn-off probability distribution graph according to one embodiment of the invention construction.
Specific embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention below with reference to drawings and Examples in detail, whereby the enforcement of the present invention
Personnel can fully understand how application technology means solving technical problem, and reach technique effect to the present invention
Realize process and the present invention is embodied as according to above-mentioned process of realizing.As long as it should be noted that do not constitute conflict,
Each feature in each embodiment and each embodiment in the present invention can be combined with each other, the technology for being formed
Scheme is all within protection scope of the present invention.
In order to obtain more accurate fault activities situation, the present invention proposes one kind for obtaining fault activities feelings
The method of condition.Find through the analysis and research to geologic data：With unconformable ground layer lineage as boundary based on construction
Time sequencing divides different tectonic epochs, some point in fracture, each series of strata that same tectonic epochs is formed
Turn-off substantially have identical turn-off size；Conversely, the turn-off that the different configuration phase is formed has different turn-offs
Size.Therefore, in the present invention, the turn-off quantitative analysis for being produced based on fault activities to be analyzed obtains to be analyzed
The concrete condition of fault activities.Specifically, treated point with the corresponding turn-off quantitative analysis of ground layer lineage in tectonic epochs
Analysis fault activities are in the active situation of corresponding tectonic epochs.
By taking specific fault activities as an example, as shown in figure 1, abscissa is the distance along fracture direction, ordinate
For depth.The geological structure for assuming the breaking part is only one of which tectonic epochs, includes three ground in the tectonic epochs
Matter series of strata.Fig. 1 can be regarded as the vertical section along the fracture direction, it can be appreciated that dividing in the both sides of vertical section
Respectively there are not three ground layer lineages, the level continuity of the ground layer lineage of initial both sides, under abstriction, rip cutting
The ground layer lineage of the both sides in face there occurs dislocation.
In FIG, curve A0, A1, A2 represents three geological stratifications of vertical section side (upthrow) respectively
It is cross-sectional shapes and the depth location of bottom surface；Curve a0, a1, a2 represent vertical section opposite side respectively and (decline
Disk) the cross-sectional shapes of three ground layer lineage bottom surfaces and depth location.A0 and a0, A1 and a1 and A2
With a2, between vertical range be turn-off.Black arrow position and length are represented respectively along fracture direction
The size of location point and turn-off when carrying out data statistics.
As seen from Figure 1, affected by two disk motion modes of fracture, on across pitch, turn-off can in diverse location
Can also be differed with identical, be typically all that situation about differing is many in nature, what in figure showed is disconnected
Away from the common situation differed in diverse location turn-off.But while the turn-off for walking diverse location upwards is different, but
Be the turn-off that same position belongs to the different series of strata in same techonosphere be but identical.That is, pin
To arbitrary abscissa (the arbitrary statistics point on fracture direction), corresponding three turn-offs (A0 and a0, A1 with
A1 and A2 and a2) it is identical.So across pitch diverse location, a1 and A1, a2 and A2 and a3
Turn-off Changing Pattern is consistent and A3 between, this just illustrate the fault activities through three ground layer lineages occur with
In the corresponding tectonic epochs of three ground layer lineages, these three series of strata are transformed by excessively same phase fracture.
By taking another specific fault activities as an example, as shown in Fig. 2 the geological structure of Fig. 2 is built upon Fig. 1's
On the basis of.Geological structure in Fig. 2 experienced a tectonic epochs again equivalent to the geological structure in Fig. 1.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, the situation on three stratum of first tectonic epochs is identical with shown in Fig. 1, just no longer goes to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married here
State.Second tectonic epochs generates two ground layer lineages of B0 and B1, and (B1 and B0 is integrated, B0 and A2
Unconformity, is therefore divided into two tectonic epochs).
As shown in Fig. 2 not having corresponding turn-off for two ground layer lineages of B0 and B1, also just illustrate,
Fault activities do not have through two ground layer lineages of B0 and B1.This just illustrate fault activities occur only at
In the corresponding tectonic epochs of three ground layer lineages (A0/a0, A1/a1 and A2/a2).
Continue by taking specific fault activities as an example, as shown in figure 3, the geological structure of Fig. 3 is built upon Fig. 2's
On the basis of.In figure 3, B0 and B1 series of strata are disconnected, and form b0 the and b1 series of strata of downthrow block, and
Cause between b0 and B0, b1 and B1, to form new turn-off.This just illustrate fault activities also extended through B0 with
And two ground layer lineages of B1.Fault activities occur in two tectonic epochs shown in Fig. 3.
Further, as fault activities occur in two tectonic epochs, which can be all produced in each tectonic epochs
Turn-off.So, in Fig. 3, between a1 and A1, a2 and A2 and a3 and A3, turn-off is constructed at two
(turn-off formed between b0 and B0, b1 and B1 is generated in a tectonic epochs) generated in phase.
I.e. with respect to the turn-off that the single construction phase in Fig. 1 generates, a1-A1, a2-A2 and a3-A3 turn-off in Fig. 3
To increase further, the Changing Pattern of its turn-off across pitch also will be complicated further.Fault activities meeting of many phases time
Cause the distribution characteristics of multigroup turn-off across pitch, fault activities of same phase time can form roughly the same turn-off edge and walk
To distribution characteristics.
Between a1 and A1, a2 and A2 and a3 and A3, turn-off can just be divided into two parts, and for same
Enumeration is unified, turn-off is in the increment etc. of second tectonic epochs between a1 and A1, a2 and A2 and a3 and A3
The turn-off formed between b0 and B0, b1 and B1.Fig. 1-Fig. 3 shows that fault activities are relatively simple
In the case of turn-off feature, actual conditions will than illustrate situation increasingly complex, if it is desired to which obtains
Which group turn-off tectonic epochs defines, that is, goes for the corresponding relation of turn-off and tectonic episodes, then need
Start to return to the state of Fig. 2 from Fig. 3, that is, key constructs interface is evened up, it is crucial which is evened up
Structural interface, needs to consider the situation of whole basin regional unconformity development.
To sum up, with larger unconformity as boundary, a regional structural evolution stage can be from morning to new point
For A, B, C, D ... etc. several stages (tectonic epochs).The present invention is with the ground layer lineage pair in tectonic epochs
The turn-off quantitative analysis answered fault activities to be analyzed are in the active situation of the corresponding tectonic epochs.
For fracture, different phase may all be produced, the fracture of early stage late it is also possible to activity again,
That is in the construction turn-off that formed of A stage, the stage or no longer movable or by again in B, C, D ...
Transformation.It means that the turn-off measured from seismic profile now is the stack result of each stage turn-off.
For any configuration phase, the corresponding turn-off of the ground layer lineage in tectonic epochs is present construction phase and present construction phase
The superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs are produced afterwards.
Further, the present invention also characterizes the size of fault activities intensity with the size of the occurrence of turn-off, wherein,
For any configuration phase, the size of the occurrence of the corresponding turn-off of the ground layer lineage in tectonic epochs is characterized as tectonic epochs
And the superposition of the fault activities intensity after tectonic epochs in all of tectonic epochs.
In order to analyze fault activities situation further, it is desirable to have the fracture targetedly obtained in single tectonic epochs is lived
Emotionally condition.Due to be directed to any configuration phase, the corresponding turn-off of the ground layer lineage in tectonic epochs be the present construction phase with
And after the present construction phase all of tectonic epochs fault activities produce turn-off superposition.Therefore only need to eliminate
The turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs are produced after the present construction phase.
Due to being frequently accompanied by unconformity between two construction phases, in the present embodiment, by these unconformity
Interface is evened up, so as to eliminate the turn-off value of fault activities superposition after unconformable interface is formed.I.e. for arbitrary
Tectonic epochs, the top surface of corresponding for tectonic epochs uppermost unconformable ground layer lineage is corresponded to fault activities to be analyzed
Both sides carry out evening up and operate to eliminate the superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of the tectonic epochs after tectonic epochs are produced,
Wherein, in operation is evened up, the corresponding ground layer lineage of tectonic epochs is overall with the corresponding uppermost unconformity of tectonic epochs
The top surface of ground layer lineage moved integrally accordingly.
Such as assume tetra- structural evolution stages of A, B, C, D terminate after the layer position (top of uppermost series of strata
Face) it is A respectivelyend、Bend、Cend、Dend.By DendAfter evening up, DendThe turn-off of each layer of position below
Reflected is the overall result in tetra- structural evolution stages of A, B, C, D；By CendAfter evening up, CendBelow
What the turn-off of each layer of position reflected is the overall result in tri- structural evolution stages of A, B, C；By BendEven up it
Afterwards, BendWhat the turn-off of each layer of position reflected is the overall result in two structural evolution stages of A, B below；By Aend
After evening up, AendThe turn-off reflection of each layer of position is caused by earliest period structural evolution stage A below.
Which group turn-off be this addresses the problem with which phase construction corresponding problem of coupling.
Next just can be to even up the value quantitation of the turn-off of the corresponding arbitrary ground layer lineage of the tectonic epochs after operation
Analyze active situation of the fault activities to be analyzed in corresponding tectonic epochs.Specifically, when after evening up operation
Fault activities to be analyzed inertia in the tectonic epochs when turn-off of the corresponding arbitrary ground layer lineage of tectonic epochs is zero.
After further analyzing, the intensity of each tectonic epochs fault activities can also be arranged out.To even up
The value quantitative analysis of the turn-off of the corresponding arbitrary ground layer lineage of tectonic epochs after operation fault activities to be analyzed are right
The activity intensity of the tectonic epochs that answers.
For example, the activity intensity of A structural evolution stage fracture can be by AendThe turn-off of any one layer of position below
To express；The activity intensity that the B structural evolution stage ruptures can not use BendThe turn-off of any one layer of position below
To express, and should be with AendWith BendBetween any one layer of position turn-off expressing；In the same manner, C construction
The evolutionary phase activity intensity of fracture should be with BendWith CendBetween any one layer of position turn-off expressing,
The activity intensity that the D structural evolution stage ruptures should be with CendWith DendBetween any one layer of position turn-off come
Expression.
If lacking the explanation of the interbed position at key constructs interface in actual data, that is, lack A, B, C,
Explanation (the A of D evolutionary phase interior layer positionendWith lower floor position, AendWith BendBetween layer position, BendWith Cend
Between layer position, CendWith DendBetween layer position), analyze fault activities intensity when can also use bottom phase
Adjacent key constructs interface is replacing.Fault activities intensity as the earliest period A stage can use AendEven up rear basin
Replacing, the activity intensity that the B structural evolution stage ruptures can use B to the turn-off of ground substrate interfaceendEven up rear Aend
Turn-off replacing, the activity intensity that the C structural evolution stage ruptures can use CendEven up rear BendTurn-off come
Replace, the activity intensity that the D structural evolution stage ruptures can use DendEven up rear CendTurn-off replacing.
Next the concrete implementation procedure of one embodiment of the invention, the flow process of accompanying drawing are described in detail based on flow chart
The step of in figure is illustrated can be executed in comprising the such as computer system of one group of computer executable instructions.Though
The right logical order for showing each step in flow charts, but in some cases, can be to be different from herein
Order execute shown or described step.
As shown in figure 4, the method for the present invention is executed, execution step S400 is first had to, statistics obtains to be analyzed disconnected
Split the construction data on movable both sides stratum.On the basis of guarantee stratigraphic horizon and fault interpretation are intact, can just open
The work of exhibition construction data statistics, the minimum unconformity key sequence boundary that will ensure to reflect the tectonic movement stage have been explained
Good.
In step S400, the statistics for constructing data can have three different approach to complete, and the first exists
Counted in seismic interpretation data volume by hand, which two is to be counted on structural map by hand, its three be in construction data volume
Middle programming count (in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, selected is the third statistical project).
(1) counted in seismic interpretation data volume by hand：
Cross fracture seismic survey lines on, as long as any seismic interpretation software by mouse be placed on reflection aspect with
The point of faults convergence, can read coordinate in length and breadth and the time value of the point.Therefore, across a certain fracture
On same survey line, can read, in fracture both sides, the construction data that are broken off staggering in couples respectively, so may be used
With the construction data for moving towards one by one survey line reading fracture both sides along fracture, the institute of a reflecting interface is completed
After having two side structure data statistics of tomography, then carry out all two side structure data of tomography of next reflecting interface
Statistics.The construction data of so statistics are time-domains, preferably will also be converted to depth by the velocity field that sets up
The construction data in domain.
(2) counted on structural map by hand：
Structural map is the end result of seismic data cube structure interpretation, therefore can also be united on structural map by hand
Meter.Can be without the joint position according to survey line and fracture, as long as to two near fracture both sides when statistics
Disk construction data are read in couples.
(3) programming count in construction data volume：
In the present embodiment, as the construction data on fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum mainly include to be analyzed breaking
Split the paired construction absolute elevation value in movable both sides stratum.Therefore it is first carried out step S410, obtains comprising treating point
Geologic data, i.e. the construction face absolute elevation construction of the paired construction absolute elevation value in analysis fault activities both sides stratum
Data volume.Then execution step S420, text data volume step of converting.Construction face absolute elevation is constructed
Data volume switch to text data volume (in the present embodiment, specifically, be with ASCII character storage text
File).Last execution step S430, carries out data processing to extract fracture to be analyzed to text data volume
The paired construction absolute elevation value in movable both sides stratum.
The statistics that step S400 gets is that both sides are paired is characterized with absolute elevation value for fracture now
Construction data.These data cannot be directly used to analyze crack conditions.Therefore next execution step is needed
S401, pre-treatment step, construction data are pre-processed related to the turn-off of fault activities to be analyzed to obtain
Geologic data.
Just can be with execution step S402, analytical procedure after step S401, the turn-off phase based on fracture to be analyzed
The geologic data of pass carries out quantitative analysis to obtain the concrete condition of fault activities to turn-off.For simple, intuitive
Specific fault activities situation is analyzed, and mainly (step S402) is analyzed using map in the present embodiment.
Data will be constructed and be converted into the map for fault activities represented based on turn-off.
Convert for the ease of map, in step S401, need execution step S440, position calculation step,
Counting statistics point walks position upwards in fault activities to be analyzed.The data point of statistics is all have transverse and longitudinal coordinate position
, the relative distance between two statistics points can be calculated by transverse and longitudinal coordinate.If importantly, set
Put fracture two end points in certain end point be zero point, can also calculate statistics point zero end points of distance absolute away from
From.According to the rule for drawing geologic section, the starting point of general section is located at geographic west side or southern side, because
The west side of fracture or southern side end points are set to zero distance point when counting statistics point absolute distance by this.Meter
Calculate statistics point an absolute distance be in order to become the needs of figure along fracture direction.
In addition, in step S401, in addition it is also necessary to execution step S450, turn-off calculation procedure (step S440
And S450 is in no particular order).In step S450, as the construction data for counting are not normal throw values,
It is the absolute elevation data carried out on Recent Structural, therefore by along the paired altitude data phase of two disk of fracture direction
Subtract, you can obtain the normal throw value for rupturing now.
But the activity of paleostructure phase fracture cannot be reflected according to turn-off now, therefore in step S450, also
Need to calculate the paleostructure on fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum and ancient normal throw.Specifically, ancient breaking is being calculated
Away from before, in addition it is also necessary to increase step data process, that is, the paleotectonic recovery of two disks of rupturing.Recovering DendInterface
Shaping age underlie each series of strata paleostructure when, it is only necessary to by DendInterface and its each series of strata interface following
Construction data respectively with its DendThe construction data at interface are subtracted each other, and can thus reach and even up fracture
Both sides DendThe purpose at interface.Same method can be to Cend、Bend、AendPaleostructure when evening up carry out
Recover.On the basis of recovering paleotectonic, the ancient turn-off of different times just can construct phase by two Pan Gu naturally
Subtract and obtain.
Next map execution step S402 can be just based on.In step S402, step S460 is first carried out,
Drawing step, makes the map related to turn-off.In the present embodiment, map includes fault activities to be analyzed two
Stratum opposite joining relation figure (461) on side stratum, the turn-off of fault activities to be analyzed are walked along fault activities to be analyzed
To turn-off variation diagram (462) and/or fault activities to be analyzed turn-off turn-off size probability distribution graph (463).
Specifically, after by above-mentioned data processing, the two disk opposite joining relation figures that rupture can be completed.Stratum is broken
After splitting bad break, two disk stratum are no longer continuous, each there are different intersections from section.Actually counted
Recent Structural absolute elevation is the position of a point on intersection, couples together paired intersection point respectively, both may be used
To obtain two disk stratum respective intersection on section, upper disk has the intersection of upper disk, and lower wall has the intersection of lower wall.
With absolute distance of the statistics point on fracture direction as abscissa, with the construction absolute elevation that different aspects are paired it is
Ordinate, and the subpoint of fracture the same side, same aspect is coupled together, it will the docking for obtaining two disks is closed
System's figure.
Equally, each can also be constructed by the paleostructure data for being obtained using absolute elevation data processing now
Two disk stratum opposite joining relation figures of phase fracture are made.For the ease of comparative analysis, can be two disk of different times
Stratum opposite joining relation is placed on caused by the activity that very clear can break at different times in same map sheet
Stratum opposite joining relation, if raw storage cap rock and lithology are projected on the opposite joining relation figure of different times stratum, can
To analyze the seal-off effect of different times tomography further.
On the basis of two disk stratum opposite joining relation figures, the turn-off edge that can also draw the different configuration phase further is walked
To variation diagram.Its abscissa is the absolute distance of fracture across pitch, and ordinate is different series of strata turn-off now
Or ancient normal throw.
Under normal circumstances it should also be understood that the ratio that takes on whole fracture direction of the turn-off of different stage, than
Such as, it is to be understood that interval how many statistical number interior that turn-off is in 1-100m, 100-200m, 200-300m ...
Strong point reaches this scope.This when can draw turn-off probability distribution graph.The probability of so-called turn-off refers to break
The turn-off for splitting reaches the quantity of a certain magnitude, calculate this numerical value when, to now and the paleostructure phase
The turn-off of different aspects calculate respectively.
In the present embodiment, three sets of maps, i.e. two disk stratum opposite joining relations may finally be obtained by data processing
Figure, turn-off across pitch variation diagram and turn-off probability distribution graph, this three sets of maps are all that a point tectonic epochs becomes figure.Scheme
Stratum opposite joining relation figure of the part comprising each tectonic epochs, turn-off variation diagram and/or turn-off size probability distribution graph.
Next just can be according to map execution step S470, analytical procedure, quantitative analysis fault activities situation.
Step S471 is first carried out in step S470, evens up step, it would be desirable to which the tectonic epochs of concrete analysis is corresponding
The top surface of uppermost unconformable ground layer lineage correspond to the both sides of fault activities to be analyzed carry out evening up operation with
The superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs are produced after elimination tectonic epochs.Then execution step
S472, turn-off even up calculation procedure, and calculating needs the corresponding geological stratification of the tectonic epochs of concrete analysis after evening up operation
The turn-off of system；Last execution step S473, fault activities quantitative analysis.
Specifically, when becoming figure by stages, even up a certain key constructs interface and be actually a cancellation later structural pair
Its impact, the key constructs interface that evens up are older, can more analyze the activity of early fracture, therefore this
It is the basic map for being ruptured by stages that three sets construct map by stages.Two disk opposite joining relation figures provide the entirety of fracture
Feature, is visually observed that the series of strata of two disks development and the series of strata of disappearance.Turn-off across pitch variation diagram and turn-off
Probability distribution graph is the extension further of two disk opposite joining relation figures, and turn-off across pitch variation diagram can obtain tripe systems
The turn-off size that the stage of making causes, the turn-off across pitch of same tectonic epochs should be with uniformity, if differed
Explanation fracture is caused to there is Polyphase activity.Turn-off probability distribution graph equally also reflects the not same period time Activity of Faults,
Aspect with identical turn-off Probability Characteristics is to be formed the same phase, is exactly otherwise to cause many phases.Pass through
This three sets of maps can parse fracture to be come into play in which earliest phase, is to terminate in which again phase, is opening
The problems such as beginning with the activity during terminating how.
To sum up, compared with prior art, the method according to the invention can obtain more accurate fault activities feelings
Condition.Next the implementation process of the present invention is described with a specific example application.It is fractured into Tarim Basin
Example.The fault development reaches earth's surface in the Bachu uplift of Tarim Basin and from substrate is disconnected.Dividing based on prior art
Analysis, fracture are formed in most late period tectonic movement stage-Himalayan, but whether this breaks at Eopaleozoic
There is activity, because being difficult to differentiate after structural feature superposition of the early stage structural feature by most late period.
The method according to the invention can then solve the above problems, and the following is the concrete analysis launched by fracture
Journey.
About 71.44 kilometers of fracture direction length, the construction data to walking 10 location points upwards at which are carried out
Statistics (first row in table 1), walks secondary series and the 3rd row in the coordinate such as table 1 of 10 location points upwards
Shown.
Table 1
It should be strongly noted that the 4th row show that the aspect of statistics is lower Cambrian top surface in table 1, represent meter
Draw to lower Cambrian top surface carry out construct data sampling aspect, in real work will also to Sinian system bottom surface,
Sinian system top surface, middle Cambrian system top surface, upper Cambrian system top surface, middle top ordovician, the good Li Tage of the upper Ordovician system
Group top surface, upper top ordovician, lower Silurian top surface and Silurian top surface carry out construction data sampling, specifically
10 excel files need to be prepared name with above-mentioned 10 aspects when enforcement respectively.5th row are research
Process needs the numbering mark to rupturing made.
From in terms of the background of Tarim Basin Eopaleozoic structural evolution, experienced in such a very long stage by
The stretching, extension of early stage to the evolutionary process of the extruding in late period, extensional fault substantially take place in the early stage of Eopaleozoic and its
Before, and compressional structure occur Eopaleozoic mid-term and late period.For the internal Compressive fault in basin,
The region formed between the middle Ordovician system, the Ordovician system and Silurian and superstratum that the protuberance that extruding is produced is caused
Property unconformity more can effectively reflect the stage of structural evolution, these three unconformable interfaces be respectively in Middle Ordovician
End, latest Ordovician and lower the caused inevitable outcome of Silurian Period end regionality extrusion stress effect.
Therefore, in order to reach the division of fault activities phase time and the purpose of Proper Match turn-off and tectonic episodes,
When Tarim Basin Eopaleozoic fracture map by stages is worked out, point Recent Structural, Silurian top surface are evened up
The paleostructure in period, top ordovician even up the ancient structure that the paleostructure in period and Middle Ordovician series top surface even up period
Make, altogether four construction phase establishments.
Construct two disk stratum opposite joining relation figures (Fig. 5 a-5d) respectively, break for the establishment of aforementioned four construction phase
Away from across pitch variation diagram (Fig. 6 a-6d) and turn-off probability distribution graph (Fig. 7 a-7d).As Fig. 5 a-5d, Fig. 6 a-6d
And shown in Fig. 7 a-7d, in Fig. 5 a-5d, Fig. 6 a-6d and Fig. 7 a-7d, T6 0、T6 2、T7 0、T7 2、
T7 4、T8 0、T8 1、T8 3、T9 0、Td(dotted line and solid line represent difference to respectively different ground layer lineages respectively
Two disk stratum), wherein：
T8 3Corresponding lower Cambrian top surface, TdCorresponding Sinian system bottom surface, T9 0Corresponding Sinian system top surface, T8 1In correspondence
Cambrian system top surface, T8 0Cambrian system top surface, T in correspondence7 4Top ordovician, T in correspondence7 2In correspondence, the Ordovician system is good
Li Tage group top surface, T7 0Top ordovician, T in correspondence7 2Corresponding lower Silurian top surface and T6 0Corresponding will is stayed
It is top surface.
Fig. 5 a, Fig. 6 a and Fig. 7 a corresponding for formation conditions now；Fig. 5 b, Fig. 6 b and Fig. 7 b couple
Answer for T6 0Aspect even up after formation conditions；Fig. 5 c, Fig. 6 c and Fig. 7 c corresponding for T7 0Aspect is drawn
Formation conditions after flat；Fig. 5 d, Fig. 6 d and Fig. 7 d corresponding for T7 4Aspect even up after formation conditions；.
It is analyzed as follows based on Fig. 5 a-5d, Fig. 6 a-6d and Fig. 7 a-7d：
(1) activity of the earliest period that ruptures：Eopaleozoic early stage
Referring to middle top ordovician (T7 4) three sets of maps (Fig. 5 d, Fig. 6 d, Fig. 7 d) for evening up, in turn-off
On across pitch variation diagram, turn-off is respectively less than 500m, although the turn-off across pitch form of every aspect is in north and south two
Section is substantially uniform, but very not consistent in interlude, and turn-off probability distribution graph also reflects the difference of different aspects turn-off
The opposite sex.
(2) activity of end of middle Ordovician Period：Overall active
According to middle top ordovician (T7 4) upper Cambrian system top surface (T when evening up8 1) aspect turn-off across pitch change spy
Levy, most location turn-offs are in more than 250m.
(3) activity of latest Ordovician：Overall active
Away from top ordovician (T7 0) upper Ordovician system well compactness top surface (T when evening up7 2) change of across pitch turn-off
Change feature, turn-off is averagely in more than 200m.
(4) activity at Silurian Period end：The overall inertia of fracture, southern section have faint activity
Silurian top surface (T6 0) each aspect turn-off across pitch variation characteristic and top ordovician (T when evening up7 0)
Basically identical when evening up, simply there is small increase feature in southern section, illustrate that southern section has faint activity.
May certify that based on above-mentioned analysis result, compared with prior art, the method according to the invention can be obtained
More accurate fault activities situation.
While it is disclosed that embodiment as above, but described content is only to facilitate understand the present invention
And the embodiment for adopting, it is not limited to the present invention.Method of the present invention can also have other multiple realities
Apply example.Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art work as and can be made according to the present invention
Go out various corresponding changes or deformation, but these corresponding changes or deformation should all belong to the claim of the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for obtaining fault activities situation, it is characterised in that based on fault activities to be analyzed
The turn-off quantitative analysis of generation obtains the concrete condition of the fault activities, and methods described is comprised the steps of：
Different tectonic epochs are divided as boundary based on build time order with unconformable ground layer lineage；
With fault activities to be analyzed described in the corresponding turn-off quantitative analysis of ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs right
The active situation of the tectonic epochs that answers, wherein, the corresponding turn-off of ground layer lineage in the tectonic epochs is described
The superposition of the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs are produced after tectonic epochs and the tectonic epochs.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that with the size of the occurrence of the turn-off
The size of the fault activities intensity is characterized, wherein, for arbitrary tectonic epochs, the ground in the tectonic epochs
After the size of the occurrence of the corresponding turn-off of matter series of strata is characterized as the tectonic epochs and the tectonic epochs
The superposition of the fault activities intensity in all of tectonic epochs.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that for arbitrary tectonic epochs, by institute
State the corresponding fault activities to be analyzed of top surface of the uppermost unconformable ground layer lineage of tectonic epochs
Both sides carry out evening up and operate to eliminate the turn-off that the fault activities of all of tectonic epochs after the tectonic epochs are produced
Superposition, wherein, to even up the corresponding ground layer lineage of tectonic epochs described in operation overall with the tectonic epochs described
The top surface of uppermost unconformable ground layer lineage is moved integrally accordingly.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that with the structure that evens up after operation
Described in the value quantitative analysis of the turn-off for making arbitrary ground layer lineage of phase, fault activities to be analyzed are in corresponding institute
The active situation of tectonic epochs is stated, wherein, when through the arbitrary geological stratification for evening up the tectonic epochs after operating
The turn-off of the system fault activities to be analyzed inertia in tectonic epochs when being zero.
5. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that with the structure that evens up after operation
Described in the value quantitative analysis of the turn-off for making arbitrary ground layer lineage of phase, fault activities to be analyzed are in corresponding institute
State the activity intensity of tectonic epochs.
6. the method according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that with the turn-off quantitation
During analyzing the active situation of the fault activities to be analyzed：
Statistics obtains the construction data on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum；
The construction data are pre-processed to obtain the ground related to the turn-off of the fault activities to be analyzed
Prime number evidence；
The geologic data of the turn-off correlation based on the fracture to be analyzed carries out quantitative analysis to obtain to the turn-off
Take the concrete condition of the fault activities.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the fault activities both sides ground to be analyzed
The construction data of layer include the paired construction absolute elevation value in the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum, in statistics
During obtaining the construction data on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum：
Construction face absolute elevation construction data volume is switched to text data volume；
Data processing is carried out to the text data volume to extract the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum
Paired construction absolute elevation value.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that pre- place is being carried out to the construction data
During reason：
Counting statistics point walks position upwards in the fault activities to be analyzed；
Calculate the paleostructure on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum and ancient normal throw.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that quantitative analysis is being carried out to the turn-off
During, the map related to the turn-off is made, based on fault activities feelings described in the map quantitative analysis
Condition, wherein, the map includes：
The stratum opposite joining relation figure on the fault activities both sides to be analyzed stratum,
The turn-off of the fault activities to be analyzed is along the turn-off variation diagram of the fault activities trend to be analyzed
And/or the turn-off size probability distribution graph of the turn-off of the fault activities to be analyzed.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the map also includes each tectonic epochs
The stratum opposite joining relation figure, the turn-off variation diagram and/or the turn-off size probability distribution graph.
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