CN113970785A

CN113970785A - Method and system for predicting development of underground river crack, storage medium and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113970785A
Application number: CN202010711343.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕慧; 唐金良; 梁志强; 曹辉兰; 刘婵娟
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-07-22
Filing date: 2020-07-22
Publication date: 2022-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-22
Also published as: CN113970785B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a system, a storage medium and electronic equipment for predicting the development of underground river cracks, which relate to the technical field of geological exploration and comprise the following steps: performing curvelet transformation on the stacked seismic data to obtain a plurality of seismic data volumes in a preset direction; and performing seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volumes in the multiple preset directions to obtain a fracture development density data volume and a fracture development direction data volume, and extracting a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data volume and the fracture development direction data volume, so that the distribution condition of the small-scale fractures in the underground river region is analyzed by utilizing the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the development conditions of the small-scale cracks in various regions of the underground river can be intuitively known, so that data basis is provided for subsequent drilling setting.

Description

Method and system for predicting development of underground river crack, storage medium and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a method and a system for predicting underground river crack development, a storage medium and electronic equipment.

Background

The formation of the ancient underground river is related to a fracture zone, the water of soluble atmosphere enters a carbonate rock stratum through fracture, the formed fracture system is subjected to corrosion transformation, and finally a pipeline-shaped water flow channel is formed. The fracture and its associated cracks increase the contact area and erosion range of surface water and groundwater with the carbonate rock, thereby improving the seepage effect of the carbonate rock. The fractures and the associated fracture zones are dense zones for the development of cracks and karsts, wherein the fractures are used as main migration channels, so that on one hand, the lateral migration of underground water can be realized, and on the other hand, conditions are provided for the vertical migration of surface fresh water, so that the karsts are generated nearby the fracture zones.

Therefore, the fracture and the crack have an important control effect on the development of the karst, and the development of the crack with different scales has different degrees of influence and improvement effect on the ancient and underground river reservoir. Therefore, the method capable of accurately analyzing the influence of the cracks with different scales on the ancient underground river is established, and the method has important significance for predicting the beneficial reservoir body development area of the ancient underground river.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method, a system, a storage medium and electronic equipment for predicting underground river fracture development based on the technical problem that the fracture development with different scales has different degrees of influence and improvement on ancient underground river reservoirs.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting development of a river fissure, including:

acquiring post-stack seismic data of a river area;

respectively carrying out curvelet transformation in a plurality of preset directions on the stacked seismic data to obtain seismic data volumes in a plurality of preset directions;

respectively carrying out seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volume in each preset direction to obtain a coherence volume in each preset direction;

acquiring a crack development density data body and a crack development direction data body of the underground river area according to the coherent bodies in each preset direction;

acquiring a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to a target rock stratum according to the fracture development density data volume; and

acquiring a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to a target rock stratum according to the fracture development direction data volume;

and overlapping and displaying the plane attribute of the crack development density and the plane attribute of the crack development direction with a corresponding underground river spread chart of the underground river area to obtain a first overlapped spread chart, and analyzing the development condition of the small-scale crack in the underground river area according to the first overlapped spread chart.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

extracting ant body attributes of the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data body to obtain fracture density ant bodies of the target rock stratum;

and overlapping and displaying the crack density ant body and a corresponding underground river spread chart of the underground river area to obtain a second overlapped spread chart, and analyzing the development condition of the large-scale cracks in the underground river area according to the second overlapped spread chart.

Optionally, after the ant body attribute of the target rock formation is extracted from the fracture development density data volume and the fracture density ant body of the target rock formation is obtained, the method further includes:

and overlapping and displaying the crack density ant body and the first overlapped spreading diagram to obtain a third overlapped spreading diagram, and analyzing the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the underground river region according to the third overlapped spreading diagram.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

acquiring a karst cave distribution map of the underground river region;

and superposing and displaying the karst cave distribution map and the third superposed layout map to obtain a fourth superposed layout map, and analyzing the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the karst caves of the underground river region according to the fourth superposed layout map.

Optionally, acquiring a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the fracture development density data volume; and

acquiring a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to a target rock stratum according to the fracture development direction data body, wherein the fracture development direction plane attribute comprises the following steps:

extracting the stratal seismic attributes related to the fracture on the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data body so as to obtain the fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the stratal seismic attributes; and

and extracting the seismic attribute of the target rock stratum along the layer related to the fracture from the fracture development direction data volume, and obtaining the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the seismic attribute along the layer.

Optionally, the preset direction includes at least one direction of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for predicting development of a fissure in a river, including:

the acquisition unit is used for acquiring post-stack seismic data of a river area;

the curvelet transform module is used for respectively carrying out curvelet transform in a plurality of preset directions on the stacked seismic data so as to obtain seismic data volumes in a plurality of preset directions;

the coherent processing module is used for respectively carrying out seismic coherent processing on the seismic data volume in each preset direction so as to obtain a coherent volume in each preset direction;

the fracture data acquisition module is used for acquiring the fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the fracture development density data volume; and

the fracture development direction data volume is used for acquiring the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum;

and the superposition display module is used for superposing and displaying the crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute with a corresponding underground river spread chart of the underground river area to obtain a first superposition spread chart, so as to analyze the development condition of the small-scale crack in the underground river area according to the first superposition spread chart.

Optionally, the system further comprises:

the ant body extraction module is used for extracting the ant body attribute of the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data body to obtain the fracture density ant body of the target rock stratum;

the superposition display module is also used for superposing and displaying the crack density ant body and a corresponding underground river spread chart of the underground river region to obtain a second superposition spread chart so as to analyze the development condition of the large-scale crack in the underground river region according to the second superposition spread chart.

Optionally, the superimposed display module is further configured to superimpose and display the crack density ant body and the first superimposed layout drawing to obtain a third superimposed layout drawing, so as to analyze the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the inland river region according to the third superimposed layout drawing.

Optionally, the obtaining module is further configured to obtain a karst cave distribution map of the underground river region;

the superposition display module is also used for superposing and displaying the karst cave distribution diagram and the third superposition distribution diagram to obtain a fourth superposition distribution diagram so as to analyze the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the karst caves of the underground river region according to the fourth superposition distribution diagram.

Optionally, the fracture data acquisition module is specifically configured to extract an edge-zone seismic attribute related to the fracture on a target rock stratum from the fracture development density data volume, and obtain a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the edge-zone seismic attribute; and

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium, where the storage medium stores program code, and when the program code is executed by a processor, the method for predicting the development of a underground river fracture is implemented as in any one of the above embodiments.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores program code that is executable on the processor, and when the program code is executed by the processor, the method for predicting the development of a underground river fracture as described in any one of the above embodiments is implemented.

According to the method for predicting the underground river crack development, the seismic data bodies in a plurality of preset directions are obtained by performing curvelet transformation on the stacked seismic data in the underground river area in a plurality of preset directions; and performing seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volumes in the plurality of preset directions respectively to obtain a fracture development density data volume and a fracture development direction data volume of the underground river area, and extracting a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data volume and the fracture development direction data volume respectively, so as to analyze the distribution condition of the small-scale fractures in the underground river area by using the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum. By displaying the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and the underground river spread pattern of the underground river region in an overlapping mode, the development conditions of the small-scale fractures in all regions of the underground river can be intuitively known, and data basis is provided for subsequent drilling setting.

Drawings

The scope of the present disclosure may be better understood by reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein the included drawings are:

fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for predicting underground river fissure development according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first lay-up layout according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting underground river fissure development according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second lay-up layout according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for predicting underground river fissure development according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a superposition graph of crack growth density plane attributes, crack growth direction plane attributes, and crack density ant body superposition display according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth lay-up layout according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a fracture seismic prediction for well logging in a work area.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail an implementation method of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that how to apply technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Example one

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for predicting underground river fissure development is provided, fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting underground river fissure development provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for predicting underground river fissure development may include: step 110 to step 170.

In step 110, post-stack seismic data for the river region is acquired.

Here, the seismic wave signals are acquired by using acquisition equipment to obtain a seismic data volume, and then the seismic data volume is subjected to superposition processing to obtain post-stack seismic data. By processing the post-stack seismic data, data reflecting seismic attributes can be extracted therefrom, which are special measures relating to the geometry, kinematic features, kinetic features and statistical properties of the seismic waves.

The seismic wave signal is influenced by factors such as formation lithology, physical properties and the like in the process of underground formation propagation and can generate corresponding changes, and the seismic wave signal is a complex reflection of comprehensive characteristics of an underground reservoir. The spatial variation of the rock physics and other properties of the underground stratum inevitably causes the variation of the characteristics of earthquake reflection waves, thereby influencing the earthquake property. Particularly, when the reservoir contains oil gas, the seismic response characteristics of the reservoir can be correspondingly changed, and the corresponding seismic attributes can be reflected. The theoretical basis of the seismic attribute technology for predicting oil and gas is as follows: the seismic attributes carry information about the subsurface formations, and there must be some form of intrinsic relationship between the seismic attributes and the oil and gas content of the reservoir.

In step 120, curved wave transformation in a plurality of preset directions is performed on the stacked seismic data, so as to obtain seismic data volumes in a plurality of preset directions.

Here, since the development direction and the development density of the fracture have randomness, the development of the fracture direction of the same rock stratum also has randomness. And respectively carrying out curvelet transformation in a plurality of preset directions on the post-stack seismic data to obtain data for comprehensively describing crack development density and development direction.

The curvelet transform is a mathematical transform method which is developed after wavelet transform, ridgelet transform and the like and can provide nearly optimal sparse representation for high-dimensional signals, has the characteristics of multi-resolution, time-frequency locality, multi-directionality and anisotropy, and overcomes the limitations of wavelet transform representing edges, contours and other high-dimensional singularities. The curvelet transform is used as a multi-scale multi-direction analysis method, and the signals are analyzed according to the characteristics of the curvelet transform such as angle, direction and position, so that effective signals in the seismic signals can be effectively reserved.

Here, the preset direction includes at least one direction of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, and 135 °.

Through the curvelet transformation in the directions of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees of the post-stack seismic data in the underground river area, seismic data bodies in different angle directions can be obtained, and therefore the development density and the development direction of cracks in rock stratums are reflected through the seismic data bodies in different angle directions.

In step 130, seismic coherence processing is performed on the seismic data volume in each preset direction, so as to obtain a coherence volume in each preset direction.

Here, the coherent body is a new data body obtained by performing coherent processing on a conventional seismic data body, and coherent bodies corresponding to the seismic data body in each direction are obtained by performing coherent processing on the seismic data body in each direction.

The coherent body technology is an important seismic attribute technology, and converts a three-dimensional seismic data body into a coherent data body by calculating the similarity of waveforms of adjacent seismic channels, so that the discontinuity characteristic of the waveforms is highlighted. Therefore, the coherent body can measure the transverse change of seismic response caused by the change of factors such as structure, stratum, lithology and oil gas, thereby effectively revealing geological phenomena such as faults, cracks, lithologic body edges and unconformity and reflecting the plane spread of geological abnormal features.

Preferably, the third generation coherence algorithm may be used to perform seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volume in each preset direction, so as to perform seismic coherence processing on the seismic data obtained through curved wave transformation in different preset directions, thereby obtaining the coherence volume in each preset direction.

In step 140, a crack development density data volume and a crack development direction data volume of the underground river region are obtained according to the coherent bodies in each preset direction.

Here, the crack development density data volume of the underground river region refers to development density data of the crack in the underground river region, and the crack development direction data volume refers to development direction data of the crack in the underground river region.

After obtaining the coherent bodies in each direction, further analyzing and comparing the coherent bodies, and searching the data subvolumes with the strongest change and the corresponding directions thereof to obtain a distribution map of the crack development zone and the trend thereof.

The whole specific process for obtaining the crack development density data body and the crack development direction data body of the underground river area comprises the following steps: and performing curvelet transformation on the stacked seismic data volume to obtain seismic data volumes in multiple directions, performing coherent processing on the seismic data volumes in the multiple directions by using a coherent volume algorithm to obtain coherent volumes in all directions, and calculating crack development carrying directions and strength parameters in all the coherent volumes to respectively obtain a crack development density data volume and a crack development direction data volume.

In step 150, fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to the target rock stratum are obtained according to the fracture development density data volume.

The target formation here refers to the reservoir to be investigated, i.e. the formation in which hydrocarbons may be trapped when producing oil or gas.

The fracture development density data body comprises fracture development densities of rock strata of different depths, and fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to a target rock stratum are obtained from the fracture development density data body, so that the fracture density of a plane where the target rock stratum is located is analyzed according to the fracture development density plane attributes. The fracture development density plane attribute may be a fracture density distribution map of a plane where the target rock formation is located, and is used for reflecting the development density of the fracture in the target rock formation.

It is worth noting that the fracture development density plane attribute reflects the development density of the fracture in the target formation, i.e., the fracture density of the target formation. Fracture density is a conceptual value representing the degree of fracture development. The data used in calculation is different and is divided into line density, area density and volume density, but the calculation method is not strict in actual use, and various calculation methods are used for reflecting the development degree of cracks. Based on this conceptual value, the study area can be divided into a fissure development zone, a secondary development zone and a non-development zone.

In an optional embodiment, in step 150, obtaining a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock formation according to the fracture development density data volume includes:

and extracting the seismic attribute of the target rock stratum along the layer related to the fracture from the fracture development density data body so as to obtain the fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the seismic attribute along the layer.

The seismic attributes of the bedding are extracted by opening a time window along the target layer based on the interpreted layer, and performing statistical characteristic analysis such as autocorrelation and autoregressive on records in the time window, and mainly comprise the bedding structure attributes such as amplitude, dip angle analysis, azimuth analysis, edge detection and difference detection, and the lithology such as frequency and wave impedance. The down-horizon seismic attribute is an attribute that is to be used to quantitatively describe seismic instructions for more than one bee or valley contained within a time window.

And extracting the seismic attribute of the boundary layer related to the fracture on the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data body, and then using the seismic attribute of the boundary layer to describe the fracture development density of the target rock stratum so as to obtain the fracture development density plane attribute of the target rock stratum, namely obtaining the development density condition of the fracture on the target rock stratum.

It is worth noting that only the development of fractures in the region of the underground river is studied here, and therefore, the seismic attributes along the layer related to the fractures on the target rock stratum are extracted, thereby reducing the amount of calculation.

In step 160, a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum is obtained according to the fracture development direction data volume.

The fracture development density data body comprises fracture development direction plane attributes of rock strata of different depths, and fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to a target rock stratum are obtained from the fracture development density data body, so that the fracture direction of a plane where the target rock stratum is located is analyzed according to the fracture development direction plane attributes. The fracture development density plane attribute may be a fracture direction deployment map of a plane where the target rock formation is located, and is used for reflecting the development direction of the fracture of the target rock formation.

It should be understood that the fractured gas reservoir fractures are the main seepage channels of natural gas, and the direction and density of development of the fractures determine the capacity of the gas well. By analyzing the fracture development density and the fracture development direction of the target rock stratum, the fracture development condition of the target rock stratum can be obtained, and a basis is provided for the setting of a subsequent exploratory well.

The fracture development direction plane attribute reflects the development direction of the fracture in the target rock stratum, namely the fracture development direction of the target rock stratum.

In an optional embodiment, in step 160, obtaining a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock formation according to the fracture development direction data volume includes:

Here, the general explanation of the seismic attributes along the layer has been described in detail in the above embodiments, and is not described in detail here.

And extracting the seismic attribute of the stratums on the target rock stratum, which is related to the fractures, from the fracture development direction data volume, and then using the seismic attribute of the stratums to describe the fracture development direction of the target rock stratum so as to obtain the fracture development direction plane attribute of the target rock stratum, namely obtaining the development direction condition of the fractures in the target rock stratum.

It should be noted that, the

steps

150 and 160 may not be executed in a sequential order, and the

steps

150 and 160 may be executed simultaneously.

In step 170, the crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute are displayed in an overlapping manner with a corresponding underground river spread chart of the underground river area to obtain a first overlapping spread chart, so as to analyze the development condition of the small-scale crack in the underground river area according to the first overlapping spread chart.

Here, the fracture is divided by scale and may be divided into micro-fracture, small-scale fracture, and large-scale fracture.

The microcracks are fractures observed on the core slice, and are generally micron-sized fractures, and the number of the microcracks in the reservoir is large, and the microcracks are usually associated with a matrix, so that the microcracks are actually part of the matrix.

Small scale fractures generally refer to fractures that can be observed in cores and imaging logs, and are typically tens of centimeters to tens of meters in length. The height of the small scale fractures is seen on the imaging log and the core. The small-scale cracks are interwoven into a net in a three-dimensional space to form an oil-gas seepage channel. Fracture density, fracture opening, fracture length and fracture azimuth variation degree are key factors for determining fracture permeability.

Large scale fractures generally refer to fractures at the seismic level, typically ranging from tens of meters to kilometers in length. The large-scale fracture has large transverse extension length, deep vertical cutting layer position and large opening degree, and has very high permeability, the small-scale fracture provides the permeability of the oil deposit in the oil deposit, and the large-scale fracture determines the heterogeneity of the oil deposit.

The underground river spread chart corresponding to the underground river area refers to a spread chart of the underground river in the area, and can be obtained through seismic data.

In step 170, seismic predictions for small scale fractures may be made by fracture development density plane attributes and fracture development direction plane attributes. And displaying the crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute in an overlapping manner with a corresponding underground river spread pattern of the underground river area to obtain a first overlapped spread pattern, and analyzing the small-scale cracks according to the first overlapped spread pattern.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a first overlay layout according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that small-scale cracks develop around the developing area of the underground river. For example, in the corner of the underground river area, the development density of small-scale cracks is high, and the small-scale cracks play a certain role in redirecting the underground river.

In the embodiment, the seismic data volumes in a plurality of preset directions are obtained by performing curvelet transformation on the post-stack seismic data in the underground river area; and performing seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volumes in the plurality of preset directions respectively to obtain a fracture development density data volume and a fracture development direction data volume of the underground river area, and extracting a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data volume and the fracture development direction data volume respectively, so as to analyze the distribution condition of the small-scale fractures in the underground river area by using the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum. By displaying the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and the underground river spread pattern of the underground river region in an overlapping mode, the development conditions of the small-scale fractures in all regions of the underground river can be intuitively known, and data basis is provided for subsequent drilling setting.

Example two

On the basis of the above embodiment, the second embodiment of the present invention may further provide a method for predicting the development of a fissure in a river. Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting underground river fracture development according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the method for predicting underground river fracture development may include: step 210 to step 260.

In step 210, post-stack seismic data for the river region is acquired.

In step 220, curvelet transformation in a plurality of preset directions is performed on the post-stack seismic data, so as to obtain seismic data volumes in a plurality of preset directions.

In step 230, seismic coherence processing is performed on the seismic data volume in each preset direction, so as to obtain a coherence volume in each preset direction.

In this embodiment, a third generation coherence algorithm may be used to perform seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volume in each preset direction, so as to perform seismic coherence processing on the seismic data obtained through curved wave transformation in different preset directions, thereby obtaining a coherence volume in each preset direction.

In step 240, a crack development density data volume and a crack development direction data volume of the underground river region are obtained according to the coherent bodies in each preset direction.

In step 250, the ant body attributes of the target rock formation are extracted from the fracture development density data body, and the fracture density ant body of the target rock formation is obtained.

The ant tracking technology is a bionic algorithm for simulating ant colony to search food, can highlight discontinuity of seismic data, is a new attribute for reinforcing fracture characteristics, can quickly know development and spreading conditions of faults in a region, can improve explanation progress of the faults, and enables details of geological structures to be displayed as comprehensively as possible.

The basic principle is to generate earthquake ant attribute body on the basis of preprocessing earthquake data body and automatically extract a set of earthquake attribute body which reflects discontinuous fragments in detail. Spreading ant seed points on the seismic attribute body, defining offset of ant foraging line, ant search step length, legal and illegal fixed range and search termination threshold value to obtain the final ant attribute body

The crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute obtained based on multidirectional curvelet transformation reflect the development condition of the small-scale cracks of the underground river. The crack development density data body is linearly enhanced, the attribute of the ant body is extracted, and parameters in different directions are adjusted to obtain a crack density ant body, and the crack density ant body can reflect the development condition of large-scale cracks in a dark river area, so that data support is provided for a developer to set drilling wells in a storage layer of the dark river.

In step 260, the crack density ant bodies and the corresponding underground river spread map of the underground river region are displayed in an overlapping mode to obtain a second overlapped spread map, and the development condition of the large-scale cracks in the underground river region is analyzed according to the second overlapped spread map.

The development condition of the large-scale cracks in the dark river can be reflected, the crack density ant bodies and the underground river spread graph corresponding to the underground river area are displayed in an overlapped mode, a second overlapped spread graph is obtained, developers can visually know the development condition of the large-scale cracks in the underground river area according to the second overlapped spread graph, and therefore data support is provided for the developers to set drilling wells.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second overlay layout pattern according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that the trend of the underground river has a correlation with the direction of the large-scale cracks. In fig. 4, the development direction of the large-scale crack mainly has two directions, the first development direction is the northwest direction, and the second development direction is the northeast direction. From fig. 4, the direction of the spread of the river along the two crack development directions can be seen, indicating that large scale cracks have a significant effect on the redirection of the river.

EXAMPLE III

On the basis of the above embodiment, the second embodiment of the present invention may further provide a method for predicting the development of a fissure in a river. Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting underground river fracture development according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the method for predicting underground river fracture development may include: step 310 to step 390.

In step 310, post-stack seismic data for the river region is acquired.

In step 320, curved wave transformation in a plurality of preset directions is performed on the post-stack seismic data, so as to obtain seismic data volumes in a plurality of preset directions.

It should be noted that the operation of performing the curvelet transform on the post-stack seismic data has been described in the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.

In step 330, seismic coherence processing is performed on the seismic data volume in each preset direction, so as to obtain a coherence volume in each preset direction.

In step 340, a crack development density data volume and a crack development direction data volume of the underground river region are obtained according to the coherent bodies in each preset direction.

It should be noted that the detailed steps of how to obtain the data volume of the crack development density and the data volume of the crack development direction in the underground river area according to the coherent bodies in each preset direction have been described in detail in the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In step 350, fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to the target rock stratum are obtained according to the fracture development density data volume.

It is worth noting that the fracture development density plane attribute reflects the development density of the fracture in the target formation, i.e., the fracture density of the target formation. Fracture density is a conceptual value representing the degree of fracture development. The data used in calculation is different and is divided into line density, area density and volume density, but the calculation method is not strict in actual use, and various calculation methods are used for reflecting the development degree of cracks. According to the conceptual value, the research area can be divided into a crack development zone, a secondary development zone and a non-development zone.

In step 360, a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum is obtained according to the fracture development direction data volume.

It should be noted that, the

steps

350 and 360 may not be executed in a sequential order, and the

steps

350 and 360 may be executed simultaneously.

In step 370, the crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute are displayed in an overlapping manner with the corresponding underground river spread chart of the underground river area to obtain a first overlapping spread chart, so as to analyze the development condition of the small-scale crack in the underground river area according to the first overlapping spread chart.

Therein, in step 370, the seismic prediction for the small-scale fracture may be performed by fracture development density plane attributes and fracture development direction plane attributes. And displaying the crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute in an overlapping manner with a corresponding underground river spread pattern of the underground river area to obtain a first overlapped spread pattern, and analyzing the small-scale cracks according to the first overlapped spread pattern.

In step 380, the ant body attributes of the target rock formation are extracted from the fracture development density data body, and the fracture density ant body of the target rock formation is obtained.

Here, the ant tracing technology is a bionic algorithm simulating an ant colony to search for food, can highlight discontinuity of seismic data, is a new attribute for reinforcing fracture characteristics, can quickly know development and distribution conditions of faults in a region, can improve explanation progress of the faults, and enables details of a geological structure to be displayed as comprehensively as possible.

The crack development density plane attribute obtained based on multidirectional curvelet transformation reflects the development condition of the small-scale cracks of the underground river. The crack development density data body is linearly enhanced, the attribute of the ant body is extracted, and parameters in different directions are adjusted to obtain a crack density ant body, and the crack density ant body can reflect the development condition of large-scale cracks in a dark river area, so that data support is provided for a developer to set drilling wells in a storage layer of the dark river.

In step 390, the crack density ant body and the first overlay layout are overlaid and displayed to obtain a third overlay layout, so as to analyze the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the river region according to the third overlay layout.

Here, a third overlay layout is obtained by overlaying and displaying the crack density ant body and the first overlay layout, so as to analyze the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the underground river region according to the third overlay layout, and the development conditions of the cracks with different sizes in the underground river region can be analyzed according to the third overlay layout. The crack development density plane attribute and the crack development direction plane attribute obtained based on multidirectional curvelet transformation reflect the development condition of the small-scale cracks of the underground river. And linearly enhancing the crack development density data body, extracting the attribute of the ant body, and adjusting parameters in different directions to obtain the crack density ant body, wherein the crack density ant body can reflect the development condition of large-scale cracks in the dark river area. Thus, the relationship of different scale fractures to the development of the river can be demonstrated by this third overlay layout.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an overlay of the planar attribute of crack growth density, the planar attribute of crack growth direction, and the superimposed image of the ant body of crack density according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, it can be seen that, in the case of large-scale crack growth at the edge of the development of the underground river, the trend of the underground river is closely related to the direction of the large-scale crack. This is related to the edge stress release of the development of the underground river, and surface water and underground water enter the carbonate reservoir along the crack development zone to form a pipeline-shaped underground river, thereby affecting the development condition of the underground river. Therefore, the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the dark river area can be intuitively analyzed through the third superposed layout.

In an optional embodiment, the method may further comprise:

acquiring a karst cave distribution map of the underground river region;

Here, the cavern distribution map of the underground river region refers to a cavern distribution map in the underground river region. The karst cave distribution map can be obtained from seismic data, which is the prior art and is not described herein.

And obtaining a fourth superposed development layout by superposing and displaying the karst cave distribution diagram and the third superposed development layout, analyzing the development conditions of the small-scale cracks and the large-scale cracks in the karst caves of the underground river region according to the fourth superposed development layout, and comprehensively displaying the distribution conditions of the cracks, the underground river and the karst caves in one image so as to comprehensively analyze the influence among the cracks, the karst caves and the underground river.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth overlay layout pattern according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that in the development situation of a water-falling cave at the periphery of a river, due to the stress release at the periphery of the river, the development density of small-scale cracks at the periphery of the karst cave is large, and the small-scale cracks tend to appear in a circle shape in the diagram. Therefore, in the fourth overlay layout, not only the influence of small-scale cracks and large-scale cracks on the development of the underground river can be seen, but also the development conditions of cracks with different scales on the periphery of the karst cave can be visually seen.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a seismic prediction of a fracture for well logging in a certain work area, as shown in fig. 8, wherein a diagram a is a fourth overlay layout of a river region of a certain work area, and as can be seen from the diagram a, the small-scale fracture development direction is NNE directions. FIG. B is a log image of a well log in a work area, and it can be seen from the log interpretation and the image log of the well that it shows that the horizontal maximum principal stress orientation of the well is NNE-SSW direction, about 22-37 deg. or 202-. As can be seen, the seismic prediction result of the fourth superposition and development pattern is matched with the well logging imaging interpretation result, which explains the reliability of the fracture prediction method based on the earthquake.

Example four

According to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, there may also be provided a underground river fracture development prediction system, including:

Optionally, the system further comprises:

Optionally, the fracture data acquisition module is specifically configured to extract an edge-zone seismic attribute related to the fracture on the target rock formation from the fracture development density data volume, so as to obtain a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock formation according to the edge-zone seismic attribute; and

EXAMPLE five

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a storage medium having program code stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the development of a underground river fracture as described in any one of the above embodiments.

EXAMPLE six

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores program code executable on the processor, and when the program code is executed by the processor, the electronic device implements the method for predicting the development of a fissure in a river as described in any one of the above embodiments.

The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and considering that in the related art, the crack development based on different scales has different degrees of influence and improvement effect on the ancient underground river reservoir, in the prior art, the crack development condition of the region is basically determined by logging, and only the crack development condition of a partial region can be reflected by the logging mode, so that the crack development condition of the whole underground river region cannot be analyzed. The invention provides a method, a system, a storage medium and electronic equipment for predicting underground river crack development, which are used for carrying out curvelet transformation in a plurality of preset directions on stacked seismic data in an underground river area so as to obtain seismic data volumes in the plurality of preset directions; and performing seismic coherence processing on the seismic data volumes in the plurality of preset directions respectively to obtain a fracture development density data volume and a fracture development direction data volume of the underground river area, and extracting a fracture development density plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and a fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data volume and the fracture development direction data volume respectively, so as to analyze the distribution condition of the small-scale fractures in the underground river area by using the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum. By displaying the fracture development density plane attribute and the fracture development direction plane attribute corresponding to the target rock stratum and the underground river spread pattern of the underground river region in an overlapping mode, the development conditions of the small-scale fractures in all regions of the underground river can be intuitively known, and data basis is provided for subsequent drilling setting.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.

Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing an electronic device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the development of underground river cracks is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring post-stack seismic data of a river area;

2. The method of predicting underground river fissure development according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein after the ant body attributes of the target rock formation are extracted from the fracture development density data volume and the fracture density ant body of the target rock formation is obtained, the method further comprises:

4. The method of predicting underground river fissure development according to claim 3, further comprising:

acquiring a karst cave distribution map of the underground river region;

5. The method for predicting the development of the underground river fractures according to claim 1, wherein fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to a target rock stratum are obtained according to the fracture development density data body; and

extracting the stratal seismic attributes related to the fractures on the target rock stratum from the fracture development density data body, and obtaining fracture development density plane attributes corresponding to the target rock stratum according to the stratal seismic attributes; and

6. The method of predicting underground river fracture development according to claim 1, wherein the preset directions comprise at least one of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °.

7. A system for predicting underground river fracture development, comprising:

8. The underground river fracture development prediction system of claim 7, further comprising:

9. A storage medium having program code stored thereon, wherein the program code, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting development of a underground river fracture according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. An electronic device, comprising a memory having stored thereon program code executable on the processor, the program code implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by the processor.