CN106483067A - Critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device and method - Google Patents
Critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106483067A CN106483067A CN201611058345.8A CN201611058345A CN106483067A CN 106483067 A CN106483067 A CN 106483067A CN 201611058345 A CN201611058345 A CN 201611058345A CN 106483067 A CN106483067 A CN 106483067A
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- rolling friction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device and method, belong to measuring instrument technical field.The present invention includes base, and base has hinged-support and adjusting bracket；Workbench is hinged with hinged-support, in the test zone of workbench, is embedded with flat tested sample II, tested sample II is placed with tested sample I, tested sample I is cylindrical metal part；Below tested sample II, electric magnet is installed；Lift adjustment screw is had on adjusting bracket, there is central pit hole the upper end of lift adjustment screw, and central pit hole has been located smooth sphere, and smooth sphere is contacted with described workbench；Also include the dial indicator holder splitting, lift adjustment screw determines definite value y with the axial line distance of jointed shaft.The mensure problem of coefficient of friction is converted to range measurement problem by the present invention, convenient directly perceived；Load applying is transformed to electromagnetic force apply, easy and simple to handle, error is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of friction coefficient measuring apparatus, belong to measuring instrument technical field.
Background technology
When measure two articles between coefficient of rolling friction when, existing method be two articles are positioned over an inclination angle simultaneously can
So that, on the inclined-plane of change, an object is placed on another object.Following object is fixed on inclined-plane, and object above makes
Become cylindric, freely can roll on following body surface.As shown in Figure 5.
Situation during tested sample 1 setting in motion is analyzed according to Newton's second law.When inclination angle is little, tested
Sample 1 remains static with respect to tested sample 2.At this moment, there is the dynamic balance of following formula：
N–mgcosθ=0 (1)
mgsinθ-f= 0 (2)
（1）In formula,NIt is applied to the reaction of bearing in tested sample 1 for tested sample 2；（2）In formula,fFor frictional force.Gradually increase
GreatlyθAngle（Can be by changing distancexRealize）Arriveθ=θ 0When, tested sample 1 starts to roll just, and at this moment frictional force is designated asf r,f r
=u 0 N, nowu 0Referred to as critical coefficient of rolling friction, is also present invention physical quantity to be measured.This formula is updated to（1）、
（2）In formula, can obtain
u 0= tanθ 0 =x 0/y (3)
Under the conditions of different materials, different surface roughness, different use environment, between two articlesu 0Difference, therefore need instrument to set
The standby mensure carrying out coefficient of friction in specific circumstances；The size of another normal pressure does not interfere with theoryu 0Size, but in work
In Cheng Yingyong, because the microscopic appearance of two friction material contact surfaces is different（Especially metal material rubs to nonmetallic materials
Wipe）, normal pressure change can lead tou 0Change within the specific limits, therefore under different normal pressure size applyings effectu 0Essence
Really measure, be also the problem needing in engineer applied to solve.
Through document Investigation and patent retrieval, it is currently used for measuring coefficient of rolling friction（As M-2000 Multifunctional friction-abrasion
Experimental machine）Method And Principle can be attributed to inclined-plane dolly method, tested sample 1 will make car wheel, tested sample 2 is made flat
Plate, applies Different Weight to measure the coefficient of rolling friction of two storerooms to dolly.The method needs to assemble on sample to be tested
Rolling bearing, car wheel to be made rolls it is necessary to first overcome the frictional force between rolling bearing roller and retainer, therefore exists certain
Measurement error.Additionally, Chinese patent ZL99251092.9《Frictionmeter》It is to be obtained by observationθ 0 Angle is calculatingu 0
, precision is relatively low, and cannot change normal pressure, pertains only to confficient of static friction and measures, and is not related to coefficient of rolling friction and measures category.
Content of the invention
Part in order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of critical coefficient of rolling friction to measure device
And method, can arbitrarily change normal pressure size, accurately measure coefficient of rolling frictionu 0, the mensure problem of coefficient of friction is converted to
Range measurement problem, convenient directly perceived.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device, and it includes bottom
Seat, one end of submounts is fixed with hinged-support, and the other end of submounts is fixed with adjusting bracket；
On described hinged-support, workbench is hinged with by jointed shaft, workbench is parallel with described base in initial position, described work
There is test zone at the middle part of station, is embedded with flat tested sample II in test zone, tested sample II is placed with by
Test specimens I, tested sample I is cylindrical metal part；It is provided with below described tested sample II and provide pressure to tested sample I
Electric magnet, the winding coil of electric magnet is electrically connected with adjustable direct voltage source；
Described adjusting bracket is located at below described workbench, and described adjusting bracket has lift adjustment screw, lift adjustment screw
It is arranged in described adjusting bracket by screw thread pair, described lift adjustment screw is perpendicular with described base, described lift adjustment
The lower end of screw is adjustment handle, and the upper end of described lift adjustment screw makes central pit hole, and central pit hole has been located light
Sliding spheroid, the top of smooth sphere is contacted with described workbench point；
Also include the dial indicator holder splitting, equipped with the dial gauge for measuring described workbench rising height, institute on dial indicator holder
State and positioning pit is had on workbench, the gauge head of dial gauge embeds described positioning pit, described positioning pit is located at described rising-falling tone
On the axis of section screw, described lift adjustment screw is definite value y with the axial line distance of jointed shaft, and the precision of definite value y is 0.01mm.
Described tested sample I is fabricated to thin ends and thick middle step circular shaft shape, and tested sample I is static equal with when rolling
Constitute closed magnetic path with described electric magnet.
The two ends extreme position of the test zone of described workbench is provided with block.
Multiple adjusting screws are provided with the lower surface of described base.
The iron core of described electric magnet is " u "-shaped, and described electric magnet is fixed on described workbench by clip and bolt assembly
Below.
The upper plane of described tested sample II and the upper planes align of described workbench or upper flat less than described workbench
Face.
Described workbench has gusset near one end of jointed shaft, has ribs between the both sides of described hinged-support and base
Plate.
Described adjusting bracket is bracket of right angle type, and the vertical section of bracket of right angle type is fixed on described base, and square props up
The horizontal segment of frame installs described lift adjustment screw.
A kind of coefficient of rolling friction assay method of employing described device,
Comprise the steps：
The first step, by base and the horizontal centering of workbench, dial gauge returns to zero, and the gauge head of dial gauge embeds positioning pit, rising-falling tone
Section screw has determined that definite value y with the axial line distance of jointed shaft when making, and the precision of definite value y is 0.01mm；
Second step, tested sample I is placed in tested sample II standing, the rotating direction of tested sample I is towards described hinged-support；
3rd step, slow rotation and lifting adjusting screw, lift workbench by smooth sphere, and the distance lifted is direct by dial gauge
Read；
4th step, when tested sample I occurs to roll just in tested sample II, experiment terminates, and record now lifts distance
Readingx 0 ,According tou 0= tanθ 0 =x 0/y, obtain coefficient of rolling frictionu 0Value；
5th step, regulation adjustable direct voltage source, change the size of DC current I, apply different size of suction, repeat above-mentioned
Test, when measuring different size normal pressure, the change of coefficient of rolling friction value.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1st, the mensure problem of coefficient of friction is converted to range measurement problem by the present invention, convenient directly perceived；Load applying is transformed to
Electromagnetic force applies, and easy and simple to handle, error is little.
2nd, the present invention more existing measuring method certainty of measurement is accurate.DistancexMensure by dial gauge measure read, precision
Can reach 0.01mm, precision is higher；DistanceyEnsured by manufacturing, precision also can reach 0.01mm, and precision is higher.
3rd, normal pressure of the present invention is applied through electromagnetic attraction device and realizes, and just can be changed by changing the size of DC current
Pressure size, the coefficient of rolling friction of two storerooms under the different normal pressure of measurement；
4th, measurement structure of the present invention is simple, operation is convenient it is easy to practice and extension.
Brief description
Below according to drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is front view of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the A-A view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is principle of the invention figure.
In figure, 1, workbench, 1-1, gusset, 1-2, positioning pit, 2, block, 3, tested sample I, 4, tested sample II, 5, electricity
Magnet, 5-1, winding coil, 5-2, adjustable direct voltage source, 6, clip, 7, dial indicator holder, 8, smooth sphere, 9, lift adjustment
Screw, 9-1, central pit hole, 10, adjusting bracket, 11, adjusting screw, 12, base, 13, hinged-support, 13-1, deep floor, 14,
Jointed shaft.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
A kind of critical coefficient of rolling friction as shown in accompanying drawing Fig. 1-Fig. 4 measures device, and it includes base 12, on base 12
The one end in face is fixed with hinged-support 13, and the other end above base 12 is fixed with adjusting bracket 10；
On described hinged-support 13, workbench 1 is hinged with by jointed shaft 14, workbench 1 is flat with described base 12 in initial position
OK, there is test zone at the middle part of described workbench 1, is embedded with flat tested sample II 4, tested sample II in test zone
It is placed with tested sample I 3, tested sample I 3 is cylindrical metal part on 4；It is provided with to tested below described tested sample II 4
Sample I 3 provides the electric magnet 5 of pressure, and the winding coil 5-1 of electric magnet 5 is electrically connected with adjustable direct voltage source 5-2；
Described adjusting bracket 10 is located at below described workbench 1, and described adjusting bracket 10 has lift adjustment screw 9, rising-falling tone
Section screw 9 is arranged in described adjusting bracket 10 by screw thread pair, and described lift adjustment screw 9 is perpendicular with described base 12,
The lower end of described lift adjustment screw 9 is adjustment handle, and the upper end of described lift adjustment screw 9 makes central pit hole 9-1, in
Smooth sphere 8 is located on heart shrinkage pool 9-1, the top of smooth sphere 8 is contacted with described workbench at 1 point；
Also include the dial indicator holder 7 splitting, equipped with the dial gauge for measuring described workbench 1 rising height on dial indicator holder 7,
Positioning pit 1-2 is had on described workbench 1, the gauge head of dial gauge embeds described positioning pit 1-2, described positioning pit 1-2 position
On the axis of described lift adjustment screw 9, described lift adjustment screw 9 is definite value y with the axial line distance of jointed shaft 14, definite value
The precision of y is 0.01mm.
Described tested sample I 3 is fabricated to thin ends and thick middle step circular shaft shape, tested sample I 3 static and roll when
All constitute closed magnetic path with described electric magnet 5.
The two ends extreme position of the test zone of described workbench 1 is provided with block 2.
Multiple adjusting screws 11 are provided with the lower surface of described base 12.
The iron core of described electric magnet 5 is " u "-shaped, and described electric magnet 5 is fixed on described work by clip 6 and bolt assembly
Below platform 1.
The upper planes align of the upper plane of described tested sample II 4 and described workbench 1 or upper less than described workbench 1
Plane.
Described workbench 1 has gusset 1-1 near one end of jointed shaft, between the both sides of described hinged-support 13 and base 12
There is deep floor 13-1.
Described adjusting bracket 10 is bracket of right angle type, and the vertical section of bracket of right angle type is fixed on described base 12, right angle
The horizontal segment of shape support installs described lift adjustment screw 9.
A kind of coefficient of rolling friction assay method of employing described device,
Instrument of the present invention first carries out electromagnetic force demarcation before dispatching from the factory：Due to electromagnetic force size and direct current electrical current proportional example line
Sexual intercourse, therefore when need to determine applying standard unit's normal pressure, required DC current size.
Because normal pressure bringing device of the present invention need to constitute closing electromagnetic circuit, therefore tested sample I 3 is necessary for metal leads
Body；Simultaneously as invention device requires tested sample I 3 to roll in tested sample II 4, therefore tested sample I 3 must do established practice
Fixed cylindric specification；Tested sample II 4 is fabricated to standard specificationss flat board, is arranged in invention device.
With reference to Fig. 5, comprise the steps：
The first step, by base 12 and the horizontal centering of workbench 1, dial gauge returns to zero, and the gauge head of dial gauge embeds positioning pit 1-2,
Lift adjustment screw 9 has determined that definite value y with the axial line distance of jointed shaft 14 when making, and the precision of definite value y is 0.01mm；
Second step, tested sample I 3 is placed in tested sample II 4 standing, the rotating direction of tested sample I 3 is towards described hinged
Seat 13；
3rd step, slow rotation and lifting adjusting screw 9, lift workbench 1 by smooth sphere 8, and the distance lifted is by dial gauge
Directly read；
4th step, when tested sample I 3 occurs to roll just in tested sample II 4, experiment terminates, record now lift away from
From readingx 0 ,According tou 0= tanθ 0 =x 0/y, obtain coefficient of rolling frictionu 0Value；
5th step, regulation adjustable direct voltage source 5-2, change the size of DC current I, apply different size of suction, repeat
Above-mentioned test, when measuring different size normal pressure, the change of coefficient of rolling friction value.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of critical coefficient of rolling friction measure device it is characterised in that：It includes base（12）, base（12）One above
End is fixed with hinged-support（13）, base（12）The other end above is fixed with adjusting bracket（10）；
Described hinged-support（13）Above pass through jointed shaft（14）It is hinged with workbench（1）, workbench（1）At initial position and described bottom
Seat（12）Parallel, described workbench（1）Middle part have test zone, be embedded with flat tested sample II in test zone
（4）, tested sample II（4）On be placed with tested sample I（3）, tested sample I（3）It is cylindrical metal part；Described tested sample
Ⅱ（4）Lower section is provided with to tested sample I（3）The electric magnet of pressure is provided（5）, electric magnet（5）Winding coil（5-1）It is electrically connected
It is connected to adjustable direct voltage source（5-2）；
Described adjusting bracket（10）Positioned at described workbench（1）Lower section, described adjusting bracket（10）On have lift adjustment screw
（9）, lift adjustment screw（9）Described adjusting bracket is arranged on by screw thread pair（10）On, described lift adjustment screw（9）With institute
State base（12）Perpendicular, described lift adjustment screw（9）Lower end be adjustment handle, described lift adjustment screw（9）Upper
End making has central pit hole（9-1）, central pit hole（9-1）On be located smooth sphere（8）, smooth sphere（8）Top and institute
State workbench（1）Point contact；
Also include the dial indicator holder splitting（7）, dial indicator holder（7）On equipped with for measuring described workbench（1）Rising height
Dial gauge, described workbench（1）On have positioning pit（1-2）, the gauge head of dial gauge embeds described positioning pit（1-2）, described
Positioning pit（1-2）Positioned at described lift adjustment screw（9）Axis on, described lift adjustment screw（9）With jointed shaft（14）
Axial line distance be definite value y, the precision of definite value y is 0.01mm.
2. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described tested sample I（3）
It is fabricated to thin ends and thick middle step circular shaft shape, tested sample I（3）Static and roll when all with described electric magnet（5）Structure
Become closed magnetic path.
3. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described workbench（1）'s
The two ends extreme position of test zone is provided with block（2）.
4. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described base（12）Under
Multiple adjusting screws are provided with end face（11）.
5. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described electric magnet（5）'s
Iron core is " u "-shaped, described electric magnet（5）By clip（6）It is fixed on described workbench with bolt assembly（1）Below.
6. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described tested sample II
（4）Upper plane and described workbench（1）Upper planes align or be less than described workbench（1）Upper plane.
7. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described workbench（1）Lean on
One end of nearly jointed shaft has gusset（1-1）, described hinged-support（13）Both sides and base（12）Between have deep floor（13-
1）.
8. critical coefficient of rolling friction according to claim 1 measure device it is characterised in that：Described adjusting bracket（10）
It is bracket of right angle type, the vertical section of bracket of right angle type is fixed on described base（12）On, the horizontal segment of bracket of right angle type installs institute
The lift adjustment screw stated（9）.
9. a kind of coefficient of rolling friction assay method of employing claim 1 described device it is characterised in that：
Comprise the steps：
The first step, by base（12）And workbench（1）Horizontal centering, dial gauge returns to zero, and the gauge head of dial gauge embeds positioning pit
（1-2）, lift adjustment screw（9）With jointed shaft（14）Axial line distance make when determined that definite value y, the precision of definite value y
For 0.01mm；
Second step, by tested sample I（3）It is placed in tested sample II（4）Upper standing, tested sample I（3）Rotating direction towards institute
State hinged-support（13）；
3rd step, slow rotation and lifting adjusting screw（9）, by smooth sphere（8）Lift workbench（1）, the distance lifted by
Dial gauge directly reads；
4th step, when tested sample I（3）Just in tested sample II（4）When upper generation rolls, experiment terminates, and record is now lifted
Play range readingx 0 ,According tou 0= tanθ 0 =x 0/y, obtain coefficient of rolling frictionu 0Value；
5th step, regulation adjustable direct voltage source（5-2）, change the size of DC current I, apply different size of suction, weight
Multiple above-mentioned test, when measuring different size normal pressure, the change of coefficient of rolling friction value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611058345.8A CN106483067A (en) | 2016-11-27 | 2016-11-27 | Critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611058345.8A CN106483067A (en) | 2016-11-27 | 2016-11-27 | Critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106483067A true CN106483067A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
Family
ID=58274575
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611058345.8A Withdrawn CN106483067A (en) | 2016-11-27 | 2016-11-27 | Critical coefficient of rolling friction measures device and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106483067A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108444905A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-24 | 广东华路交通科技有限公司 | The calibration method of smooth piece of positive static pressure in swinging friction coefficient measuring apparatus |
| CN113804616A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-17 | 清华大学 | Rolling friction testing device and method based on energy dissipation |
-
2016
- 2016-11-27 CN CN201611058345.8A patent/CN106483067A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108444905A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-24 | 广东华路交通科技有限公司 | The calibration method of smooth piece of positive static pressure in swinging friction coefficient measuring apparatus |
| CN113804616A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-17 | 清华大学 | Rolling friction testing device and method based on energy dissipation |
| CN113804616B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-06-24 | 清华大学 | Rolling friction testing device and method based on energy dissipation |
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Application publication date: 20170308 |