CN106481323B - Wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device and method - Google Patents
Wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device and a method, wherein the device comprises a flow-limiting hedging tee joint, an upper ring box, a water phase ring box, a steam branch pipe, a single-phase steam flow measurement device and a mixer, wherein the water phase ring box is positioned below the upper ring box, the upper ring box and the water phase ring box are mutually communicated through a sedimentation pipe, the upper ring box is connected with a main pipeline through the flow-limiting hedging tee joint at a front loop of the upper ring box, then is connected with the steam branch pipe with a rotational flow device through a four-way joint at a rear loop of the upper ring box, the steam branch pipe is connected with the single-phase steam flow measurement device through an upper steam bent pipe on one hand, and is connected with the small water tank on the other hand, the small water tank is connected with the sedimentation pipe through the four-way joint again, the single-phase steam flow measurement device is connected with the mixer backwards, the water phase ring box is connected with the water phase branch pipe through a special-shaped four-way joint, and then the water phase branch pipe is connected with the mixer. The invention realizes the distribution and regulation of the flow dryness of the steam injected into the oil field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to wet steam flow dryness distribution, in particular to a wet steam flow dryness distribution regulating and controlling device and a wet steam flow dryness distribution regulating and controlling method.
Background
The thick oil reserves in China are quite rich, and the exploitation of the thick oil by steam injection is an important method for thermal oil extraction, wherein the flow and dryness of the steam injection plays an important role in increasing the yield of the oil well and improving the economic benefit. Generally, the oilfield ground wet steam distribution pipe network commonly adopts a common T-shaped tee joint and a hedging tee joint. The common T-shaped and opposite-flow tee joint is convenient to apply, but because the two branch structures are asymmetric, the distribution pressure and the flow of each well are large in difference, so that deviation exists in dryness distribution effect, and the adjustment of steam injection flow is influenced in turn.
Currently, there are mainly radial dispensers from Texaco and split-phase dispensers. The radial distributor adopts the radial distribution of the branch pipes in space distribution, the positions of the branch pipes in the distributor are completely symmetrical, and when the wet steam flows into the distributor, the opportunities for entering the branch pipes are basically equal due to the symmetrical structure, so that a better quality distribution result can be obtained, and the radial distributor is referred to patent CN101097104A. The split-phase split-flow splitter is used for separating wet steam into dry steam and water by utilizing the phase separation phenomenon of a tee joint or a four-way joint, and then recombining the dry steam and the water to achieve the aim of equal dryness distribution. The domestic steam dryness distribution is mainly based on the two schemes, and related patent products are developed. When the back pressure difference of each well is large, the radial distribution effect is poor, and the difficulty of dryness distribution when the steam injection pressure difference of each well is large in the oilfield site can not be met. When the flow speed variation range of the distributor adopting the split-flow phase separation principle is large, the steam path is provided with water, and the phase separation effect of the steam path cannot be ensured. In addition, the distributor does not adopt an effective steam flow and dryness regulation and control device when the dryness is distributed, and on one hand, the dryness distribution effect and the pipe network regulation and control difficulty are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wet steam flow dryness distribution regulating and controlling device and method, wherein a steam phase and a water phase are respectively subjected to single-phase distribution and regulation through each phase branch, so that the purpose of regulating and controlling dryness is achieved, then steam and water of each branch are mixed according to requirements, and the purpose of controlling the wet steam flow of each branch is achieved through a critical flow nozzle, so that the flow and dryness of each branch are ensured to be injected according to design, and the flow dryness distribution and regulation of the steam injection wet steam of an oil field are realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device comprises a flow-limiting hedging tee joint, an upper ring box, an aqueous phase ring box, a steam branch pipe, a single-phase steam flow measurement device and a mixer, wherein the aqueous phase ring box is positioned below the upper ring box and is mutually communicated with the aqueous phase ring box through a settling tube, the upper ring box is connected with a main pipeline through the flow-limiting hedging tee joint at a front loop of the upper ring box, then is connected with the steam branch pipe with a rotational flow device through a four-way joint at a rear loop of the upper ring box, the steam branch pipe is connected with the single-phase steam flow measurement device through an upper steam bent pipe on one hand, and is connected with a small water tank on the side, and is connected with the settling tube through the four-way joint again, the single-phase steam flow measurement device is continuously connected with the mixer backwards, and is also connected with the aqueous phase branch pipe through a special-shaped four-way joint, and then the aqueous phase branch pipe is connected with the mixer, and the aqueous phase regulating valve is arranged between the aqueous phase branch pipe and the mixer.
The rear end of the mixer is continuously connected with a measurement and control device and a steam constant flow device in sequence, and a control valve is arranged between the mixer and the measurement and control device.
The steam constant flow device is provided with a critical flow nozzle.
The steam branch pipe is internally provided with a cyclone separation device which is a spiral cyclone blade
The flow-limiting opposite-flushing tee joint is provided with pore plates or nozzles on the inner walls of two opposite-flushing pipelines.
The orifice plates or nozzles in the two opposite flushing pipelines are symmetrical to each other.
In order to achieve the other purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control method comprises the steps of firstly, primarily distributing the flow and dryness of each branch of wet steam entering a device through a flow-limiting hedging tee joint, then, primarily separating the wet steam by using an upper annular box and a sedimentation pipe, then, separating the carried water in the steam again by using a cyclone separation device with blades through a steam branch pipe, improving the dryness and the blending precision of the steam, gathering the separated steam, then, carrying out vapor phase branch flow measurement through a single-phase steam flow measurement device, and then, mixing with a water phase branch through a steam mixer, and controlling the dryness of each branch by adjusting the opening degree of a water phase regulating valve at the moment; the steam phase and the water phase of each branch are mixed and then enter each steam branch through a constant flow device with a critical flow nozzle, at the moment, the flow of each branch is controlled through the critical flow nozzle, and then the steam flow, the dryness, the temperature and the pressure are displayed and stored by a measurement and control device with a temperature, a pressure and an industrial control computing system.
The position, the number, the length and the outer diameter of the sedimentation pipes between the upper annular box and the water phase annular box are optimally designed, the phase separation characteristic of the three-way vertical pipe is utilized to strengthen the separation of steam and water, the separated water enters the water phase annular box, and then water phase branch flow measurement is carried out through an orifice plate or a nozzle flowmeter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device utilizes the pressure matching method and the characteristics of controllable and adjustable unidirectional steam and water, the steam phase and the water phase are respectively distributed and regulated in a single phase through each phase branch, the purpose of regulating and controlling dryness is achieved, then the steam and the water of each branch are mixed according to requirements, and the purpose of controlling the flow of the wet steam of each branch is achieved through the critical flow nozzle, so that the flow and the dryness of each branch are ensured to be injected according to the design, and the flow dryness distribution and regulation of the steam injection wet steam of the oil field are achieved.
When the flow-limiting opposite-flushing three-way device with orifice plates or nozzles and other throttling devices realize that wet steam entering from the main pipeline flows out from two branches, the dryness of each branch is kept the same as that of the main pipeline, the distribution, regulation and control capability and stability of the symmetrical ring boxes are ensured, and the principle is that the carrying capability of the steam to water in the distribution process is improved, and the kinetic energy of the water is reduced as much as possible. The adopted measure is to add an orifice plate or a nozzle in a branch of the impact tee joint (with a circular section).
The T-shaped tee joint is arranged vertically upwards or vertically downwards, and the pipe diameter and the length are designed reasonably, so that the steam and water two-phase fluid can be separated in the element, namely, the situation that all branch pipes are single-phase steam or water occurs. This phase separation characteristic of a tee can be utilized as a preseparation means. Then through the cyclone device with the blade structure, the water in the gas can be further separated out by utilizing the centrifugal force and the gravity principle, and the complete separation of steam and water is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wet steam flow dryness distribution control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a configuration of a bladed cyclonic separating apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flow restricting hedging tee of a perforated plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow-restricting hedging tee with a nozzle;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a steam constant flow device with critical flow nozzles.
In the figure: 1-a main pipeline; 2-a flow-limiting hedging tee joint; 3-upper ring box; 4-settling legs; 5-an aqueous phase ring box; 6-a steam branch pipe; 7-a small water tank; 8-upper steam elbow; 9-single-phase steam flow measuring device; 10-special-shaped four-way joint; 11-water phase branching pipe; 12-orifice plate or nozzle flow meter; 13-an aqueous phase regulating valve; 14-a mixer; 15-a control valve; 16-a measurement and control device; 17-steam constant flow device.
Detailed Description
The detailed description and technical content of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided for reference and description only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
According to fig. 1-5, example 1: the utility model provides a wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device, includes restriction hedging tee bend 2, upper portion ring case 3, aqueous phase ring case 5, steam branch pipe 6, single-phase steam flow measuring device 9, blender 14, the aqueous phase ring case is located the below of upper portion ring case and communicates each other through settling tube 4 between upper portion ring case and the aqueous phase ring case, upper portion ring case passes through restriction hedging tee bend at self preceding loop and connects trunk line 1, then is connected with the steam branch pipe 6 that has the whirl device through the cross at self back loop, the steam branch pipe is on the one hand connected single-phase steam flow measuring device through upper portion steam return bend 8 on the self upper end, and on the other hand is connected a little water tank 7 in the side, little water tank rethread cross connection is to the settling tube, single-phase steam flow measuring device backward continues to connect blender 14, the aqueous phase ring case still is connected with aqueous phase branch pipe 11 through special-shaped cross 10, then aqueous phase branch pipe and blender are connected, wherein set up aqueous phase governing valve 13 between aqueous phase branch pipe and blender.
Example 2: on the basis of the embodiment 1, the rear end of the mixer is continuously connected with a measurement and control device 16 and a steam constant-current device 17 in sequence, and a control valve 15 is arranged between the mixer and the measurement and control device. The steam constant flow device is provided with a critical flow nozzle. The steam branch pipe is internally provided with a cyclone separation device which is a spiral cyclone blade. The flow-limiting opposite-flushing tee joint is provided with pore plates or nozzles on the inner walls of two opposite-flushing pipelines. The orifice plates or nozzles in the two opposite flushing pipelines are symmetrical to each other.
The downstream of the main pipeline 1 is connected with a flow-limiting hedging tee joint 2 with orifice plates or nozzles and other throttling devices, two sides of the hedging tee joint are connected with an upper steam and water ring box 3, the upper water ring box 3 is connected with a lower water phase ring box 5 through a tee joint and sedimentation pipes 4, water settled from the upper water ring box to a plurality of sedimentation pipes is collected, the upper water ring box 3 is connected with a steam branch pipe 6 with a cyclone device through a four-way joint, at least two steam branch pipes 6 are arranged, the number of the steam branch pipes 6 is 3, the number of the steam branch pipes can be set according to actual conditions, water phases further separated by the steam branch pipes 6 are collected in a small water tank 7, and the lower water phase ring box is settled from each branch pipe and the four-way sedimentation pipes 4. The steam separated from the steam branch is measured by a single-phase steam flow measuring device 9 consisting of an upper steam bent pipe 8 and an orifice plate or venturi nozzle, and then mixed with water by a mixer 14 of steam and water. Similarly, the water phase ring box 5 is connected with a water phase branch pipe 11 through a special-shaped four-way joint 10, then is connected with a water phase regulating valve 13 through a pore plate or a nozzle flowmeter 12, achieves the purpose of controlling water phase flow and dryness of each branch through the regulating valve 13, is mixed with steam through a steam and water mixer 14, enters a steam branch control valve 15, and controls each branch switch. The control valve 15 is connected with a measurement and control device 16 with a temperature, pressure and industrial control computing system at the back, and the temperature, pressure, flow and dryness of the wet steam of each branch are controlled, displayed and stored by a singlechip. The back of the measurement and control device 16 is connected with an adjustable or fixed wet steam constant flow device 17 with a critical flow nozzle structure, so as to fulfill the aim of controlling the flow and dryness of different steam injection branches by a set of steam injection pipe network.
The device utilizes the characteristics of pressure matching method, unidirectional steam and controllable and adjustable water, firstly, the wet steam entering the device is subjected to primary distribution of flow and dryness of each branch through a hedging tee joint with a flow limiting device and a flow blocking element, then, the wet steam is subjected to primary phase separation by utilizing an upper header and a specially arranged vertical pipe, then, the carried water in the steam is subjected to secondary separation by adopting a cyclone device with blades, the dryness and the blending precision of the steam are improved, the separated steam is gathered, then, the steam of each water phase branch is measured through a pore plate or a nozzle, the steam is mixed with the water phase branch after flowing through a steam mixer, and at the moment, the dryness of each branch is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of a water phase regulating valve. The position, the number, the length and the outer diameter of the sedimentation pipes between the upper header and the lower header are optimally designed, the phase separation characteristic of the three-way vertical pipe is utilized to strengthen the separation of steam and water, the separated water enters the water phase header, and after summarizing, the water enters each water phase branch through the pore plate or the nozzle to carry out water phase flow measurement. The steam phase and the water phase of each branch are mixed and then enter each steam branch through a constant flow device with a critical flow nozzle, at the moment, the flow of each branch is controlled through the critical flow nozzle, and then the steam flow, the dryness, the temperature and the pressure are displayed and stored by a measurement and control device with a temperature, a pressure and an industrial control computing system.
The steam phase and the water phase are respectively subjected to single-phase distribution and regulation and control through each phase branch, the purpose of regulating and controlling dryness is achieved, then the steam and the water of each branch are mixed according to requirements, and the purpose of controlling the flow of the wet steam of each branch is achieved through a critical flow nozzle, so that the flow and the dryness of each branch are ensured to be injected according to the design, and the flow dryness distribution and regulation and control of the steam and the wet steam injected into the oil field are achieved.
The principle of the important device in this invention is explained as follows:
when the flow-limiting opposite-flushing three-way device with orifice plates or nozzles and other throttling devices realize that wet steam entering from the main pipeline flows out from two branches, the dryness of each branch is kept the same as that of the main pipeline, the distribution, regulation and control capability and stability of the symmetrical ring boxes are ensured, and the principle is that the carrying capability of the steam to water in the distribution process is improved, and the kinetic energy of the water is reduced as much as possible. The adopted measure is to add an orifice plate or a nozzle in a branch of the impact tee joint (with a circular section). The structure is shown in fig. 3 and 4.
The T-shaped tee joint is arranged vertically upwards or vertically downwards, and the pipe diameter and the length are designed reasonably, so that the steam and water two-phase fluid can be separated in the element, namely, the situation that all branch pipes are single-phase steam or water occurs. This phase separation characteristic of a tee can be utilized as a preseparation means. Then through the cyclone device with the blade structure, the water in the gas can be further separated out by utilizing the centrifugal force and the gravity principle, and the complete separation of steam and water is realized. The schematic structure is shown in figure 2.
The mass flow M of steam can be measured directly by means of an orifice plate or venturi nozzle of steam and water, respectively G Mass flow rate M of water L By summing the mass flow M of steam G Mass flow rate M of water L The total mass M of wet steam can be known. And for steam-water two-phase mixtures, the fraction of the two-phase mass flow that is taken up by the steam phase mass flow is called dryness. Based on this, the dryness X can be expressed as:
M＝M L +M G
or (b)
Thus, the total mass M and dryness X of the wet steam can be obtained; then realizing real-time data of the temperature, the pressure, the flow and the dryness of the wet steam through a sensing system with the temperature and the pressure and a measurement and control device
The wet steam constant flow device is a control device designed by the principle of a critical flow nozzle, and when the flow speed of the throat reaches the sonic speed, the flow rate is only related to the upstream pressure and the throat aperture (is not related to the downstream pressure). Thereby realizing constant flow. Its theoretical mass flow rate q mi The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: a-the inner cross-sectional area of the throat of the nozzle; r-gas constant; c (C) i -critical flow function under ideal conditions; p (P) 0 -gas stagnation pressure before nozzle; t (T) 0 -stagnation temperature of the gas in front of the mouth.
The schematic structure of the constant flow device with the critical flow nozzle is shown in fig. 5.
Finally, the invention can achieve the following effects that 1, the adjustable steam flow ranges from 0t/h to 48t/h, and the dryness is 0 to 100 percent; 2. the pressure is 0-22MPa; 3. the temperature is 0-375 ℃; 4. the flow and dryness errors of the two branches are less than 5%.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to limit the scope of the invention to the equivalents of the claims to which the invention pertains.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device, its characterized in that includes restriction hedging tee bend, upper portion ring case, aqueous phase ring case, steam branch pipe, single-phase steam flow measuring device, blender, the aqueous phase ring case is located the below of upper portion ring case and communicates each other through the sedimentation tube between upper portion ring case and the aqueous phase ring case, upper portion ring case is at the preceding loop of self through restriction hedging tee bend connection trunk line, then is connected with the steam branch pipe that has the whirl device through the cross at the back loop of self, the steam branch pipe is on one hand connected single-phase steam flow measuring device through upper portion steam return bend on the other hand is connected a little water tank, little water tank is again connected to the sedimentation tube through the cross, single-phase steam flow measuring device continues to connect the blender backward, the aqueous phase ring case still is connected with the aqueous phase branch pipe through special-shaped, then aqueous phase branch pipe and blender, wherein set up the aqueous phase governing valve between aqueous phase branch pipe and blender;
the rear end of the mixer is continuously and sequentially connected with a measurement and control device and a steam constant-flow device, a control valve is arranged between the mixer and the measurement and control device, and the steam constant-flow device is provided with a critical flow nozzle;
the inside of the steam branch pipe is provided with a cyclone separation device which is a spiral cyclone blade;
the flow-limiting opposite-punching tee joint is characterized in that pore plates or nozzles are arranged on the inner walls of two opposite-punching pipelines, and the pore plates or nozzles in the two opposite-punching pipelines are mutually symmetrical.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the wet steam flow dryness distribution regulating and controlling device according to claim 1, wherein the wet steam entering the device is firstly distributed for the first time by the flow and dryness of each branch through a flow limiting hedging tee joint, then the wet steam is primarily separated by an upper annular box and a sedimentation pipe, then the carried water in the steam is separated again by a steam branch pipe by a cyclone separation device with blades, the dryness and the blending precision of the steam are improved, the separated steam is summarized, then the flow of the vapor phase branch is measured by a single-phase steam flow measuring device, and then the steam flows through a mixer to be mixed with the water phase branch, and at the moment, the dryness of each branch is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the water phase regulating valve; the steam phase and the water phase of each branch are mixed and then enter each steam branch through a steam constant flow device with a critical flow nozzle, at the moment, the flow rate of each branch is controlled through the critical flow nozzle, and then the steam flow rate, the dryness, the temperature and the pressure are displayed and stored by a measurement and control device with a temperature, a pressure and an industrial control computing system; the position, the number, the length and the outer diameter of the sedimentation pipes between the upper annular box and the water phase annular box are optimally designed, the phase separation characteristic of the three-way vertical pipe is utilized to strengthen the separation of steam and water, and the separated water enters the water phase annular box and then is subjected to water phase branch flow metering through a pore plate or a nozzle flowmeter.
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| CN201510554721.1A CN106481323B (en) | 2015-09-02 | 2015-09-02 | Wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device and method |
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| CN201510554721.1A CN106481323B (en) | 2015-09-02 | 2015-09-02 | Wet steam flow dryness distribution regulation and control device and method |
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| CN106481323B true CN106481323B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110984935B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2024-06-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Intelligent regulation and control device for steam of ground steam injection pipe network of oil field |
| CN111119790B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-11-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Equal-dryness separate injection valve for segmented steam injection of thermal recovery horizontal well |
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| CN2479208Y (en) * | 2001-04-29 | 2002-02-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Boiler steam equal dryness distributor |
| CN201857948U (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-06-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Steam distributing, metering and regulating device of steam-injection branch well |
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| CN203626833U (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-06-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Steam sampling system |
| CN205243487U (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-05-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Wet steam flow mass dryness fraction distribution regulation and control device |
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| US5810032A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1998-09-22 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling the distribution of two-phase fluids flowing through impacting pipe tees |
| CN2479208Y (en) * | 2001-04-29 | 2002-02-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Boiler steam equal dryness distributor |
| CN201857948U (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-06-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Steam distributing, metering and regulating device of steam-injection branch well |
| CN203308390U (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-11-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Iso-dryness distribution tee joint |
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