CN106474640B

CN106474640B - Gauze mask

Info

Publication number: CN106474640B
Application number: CN201510542588.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李舟; 闫岭; 田静静; 王中林
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
Priority date: 2015-08-28
Filing date: 2015-08-28
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2035-08-28
Also published as: CN106474640A

Abstract

The invention provides a mask, which comprises a nano antibacterial layer made of a nano antibacterial material, and a nano power generation unit, wherein the nano power generation unit is connected with the nano antibacterial layer and is used for generating charges so as to form an electric field on the nano antibacterial layer. The mask provided by the invention also comprises a nano power generation unit which can be used as energy supply, no external power supply is needed, and the generated current can form a strongly-changed electric field between the nano antibacterial layers, so that on one hand, the dissolution effect of the nano antibacterial material is improved, and the sterilization effect is higher; on the other hand, under the action of electrostatic adsorption of an electric field, the contact probability of the antibacterial material and bacteria is increased, the sterilization effect is obvious, and meanwhile, the bacteria can be subjected to electroporation, so that the sterilization effect is further improved.

Description

Gauze mask

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical protective articles, in particular to a mask.

Background

because the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more serious, people pay more and more attention to the protection of individuals to bacteria, viruses, pollutants and the like, and the protection requirements of people cannot be met by filtering out the bacteria or the pollutants only in a filtering mode. In the prior art, a sterilization mask for killing bacteria by adding a sterilization antiviral agent on the surface layer of the mask is provided.

However, the mask needs to have a certain time-effect, the antibacterial effect is greatly reduced along with the volatilization of the antibacterial and antiviral agent, and the biological safety of the antibacterial and antiviral agent possibly has adverse effects (such as allergy and other symptoms) on the human body is uncertain. Namely, the prior art lacks a mask which has obvious sterilization effect and is harmless to human body.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems that the mask in the prior art is poor in sterilization effect and has adverse effects on a human body, the invention provides the mask, which comprises a nano antibacterial layer made of a nano antibacterial material, and a nano power generation unit, wherein the nano power generation unit is connected with the nano antibacterial layer and is used for generating charges so as to form an electric field on the nano antibacterial layer.

The mask provided by the invention adopts the nano antibacterial material as the antibacterial layer, so that compared with the traditional antibacterial material, the mask has a larger specific surface area and can be fully contacted with bacteria, thereby having a higher antibacterial effect; in addition, the mask provided by the invention also comprises a nano power generation unit which can be used as energy supply, no external power supply is needed, and the generated current can form a strongly changed electric field between the nano antibacterial layers, so that on one hand, the dissolution effect of the nano antibacterial material is improved, and the sterilization effect is higher; on the other hand, under the action of electrostatic adsorption of an electric field, the contact probability of bacteria and an antibacterial material is increased, the sterilization effect is obvious, and meanwhile, the bacteria can be subjected to electroporation, so that the sterilization effect is further improved. The mask provided by the invention has good sterilization effect and biocompatibility, is nontoxic and harmless to human bodies, and realizes safe and effective protection of human bodies.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an exemplary structure of a nano antibiotic layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 2-5 are schematic views of a mask according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

Fig. 6-8 are schematic views of masks according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 silver nanoparticle 2 zinc oxide nanowire 3 carbon cloth substrate

4 outer surface layer 5 inner surface layer 6 nano antibacterial layer

7 nm power generation unit 71 first electrode layer 72 first power generation layer

73 second electricity generation layer 74 second electrode layer 8 elastic connection member

9 breather valve 91 breather valve base 92 breather valve housing

93 breathing holes 11 elastic connection 12 fixed connection

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In order to provide a mask with good sterilization effect and no harm to human body, firstly, the mask is made of a nano antibacterial material or is used as a part of the mask, and the nano antibacterial material has a certain sterilization effect (metal (such as gold, silver, copper and the like) is in a nano state, and the sterilization effect is better due to small-size effect, quantum effect and strong specific surface area effect), so that the nano antibacterial layer made of the nano antibacterial material has a certain sterilization effect. On this basis, in order to achieve a better sterilization effect, the mask provided by the application further comprises a nanometer power generation unit, wherein the nanometer power generation unit is connected with the nanometer antibacterial layer, and the nanometer power generation unit is used for generating electric charges so as to form an electric field on the nanometer antibacterial layer. When the mask disclosed by the invention is worn for breathing, the current generated by the nano power generation unit can form a strongly-changing electric field between the nano antibacterial layers, so that on one hand, the dissolution effect of the nano antibacterial material is improved, and the sterilization effect is higher; on the other hand, under the action of electrostatic adsorption of an electric field, the contact probability of bacteria and an antibacterial material is increased, the sterilization effect is obvious, and meanwhile, the bacteria can be subjected to electroporation, so that the sterilization effect is further improved.

preferably, the nano antibacterial material may comprise, for example be made of, a one-dimensional nanomaterial. Alternatively, the nano-antimicrobial material may include any one of: the nano-antibacterial material can be made of a combination of one or more of the above nano-materials with good biocompatibility.

More preferably, fig. 1 illustrates an exemplary structure of a nano antibacterial layer according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the nano antibacterial layer is a composite material of silver nanoparticles 1/zinc oxide nanowires 2 grown on a carbon cloth substrate 3. The preparation method can be simply completed through the steps of growth, soaking, photoreduction and the like, and has the advantages of simplicity, rapidness, green synthesis and the like.

Specifically, the nano power generation unit may include a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, a first power generation layer and a second power generation layer, wherein the first electrode layer is in contact with the first power generation layer, and the second electrode layer is in contact with the second power generation layer; the first power generation layer and the second power generation layer respectively generate charges with opposite polarities to each other under the condition of friction and/or contact, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are respectively used for transferring the charges generated by the first power generation layer and the second power generation layer to the nano antibacterial layer through a conducting wire or directly.

Preferably, the first and second electricity generating layers are flexible materials having an electrostatic charge effect by friction and/or contact, and the surfaces of the first and second electricity generating layers subjected to sanding have surface roughness of nano-or micro-scale. More preferably, the first and second electricity generating layers may have a porous structure thereon, for example, the first and second electricity generating layers may have a plurality of ventilation holes thereon, so as to improve the comfort of the user when wearing the mask.

The materials of the first and second electricity generating layers need to have different electron gaining and losing abilities, and when contacting or rubbing with each other, opposite surface charges can be formed on the surfaces, so that when separated or dislocated from each other, an electric field can be formed between the first and second electrode layers.

Preferably, the first power generation layer and the second power generation layer are made of flexible materials, and can be one or more of the following materials: polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyphenylpropane carbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, polydiallyl phthalate, polyoxymethylene.

Preferably, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer may be a metal such as gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, iron, chromium, selenium, or an alloy thereof, or an indium tin metal oxide film-coated electrode layer.

Preferably, a nose clip is arranged on the outer surface layer 4 of the mask, an elastic sealing strip is arranged on the inner surface layer 5 corresponding to the nose clip, and elastic ear hooks corresponding to the two ends of the mask are arranged on the two sides of the mask respectively.

Several embodiments are provided below to illustrate the inventive concept of the present application in detail, it being understood that the embodiments provided herein are all illustrative and non-limiting examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

fig. 2 to 5 are schematic views of masks according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the masks further include an outer surface layer 4 and an inner surface layer 5 in consideration of comfort of human body, the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5 may include a non-woven fabric and/or a dense gauze layer, which are commonly used for manufacturing masks, for example, the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5 may be made of a non-woven fabric layer, or the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5 may be made of a non-woven fabric layer and/or a dense gauze layer. The nano antibacterial layer 6 is formed between the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5. It should be understood that the materials for the outer and inner skin layers may be selected and configured according to practical situations, and are not limited to the nonwoven fabric and the dense mesh gauze, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In such an embodiment, the mask may have a breather valve 9, as shown in fig. 3, the breather valve 9 being disposed on the outer skin 4. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the breather valve 9. As shown in fig. 4, the breather valve 9 may include a breather valve base 91, a breather valve housing 92, and a nano-power generation unit 7 disposed on the breather valve 9.

Fig. 5 further shows an enlarged view of the breather valve 9, and as shown in fig. 5, the first power generation layer 72 and the first electrode layer 71 constitute a spring piece of the breather valve, one end of the spring piece is fixed to the top end of the breather hole 93, and one ends of the second power generation layer 73 and the second electrode layer 74 are fixed to the top end of the breather hole at a predetermined angle, for example, the predetermined angle may be configured to be smaller than the maximum angle at which the spring piece can be sprung open, so that the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 can rub to generate charges with opposite polarities to each other, and either one of the first electrode layer 71 and the second electrode layer 74 may be connected to the nano antimicrobial layer 6 through a wire.

The specific working principle of the mask configured by adopting the embodiment is as follows:

1. When the nano power generation unit 7 is in a static state, the breathing hole 93 is sealed by the elastic sheet formed by the first power generation layer 72 and the first electrode layer 71, and the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 are not in contact with each other at this time, so that the nano power generation unit 7 is in a charge balance state;

2. When a human body exhales, the elastic sheet formed by the first power generation layer 72 and the first electrode layer 71 is blown away by airflow, at the moment, the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 are in contact and generate friction, because the electronegativity of the first power generation layer 72 and the electronegativity of the second power generation layer 73 are different, at the moment, the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 can generate charges with opposite polarities, the charges are induced by the first electrode layer 71 and the second electrode layer 74 which are correspondingly connected with the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 74 to form a current loop, the first electrode layer 71 or the second electrode layer 74 outputs electric energy to the nano antibacterial layer 6 through a lead, and when the exhalation volume is maximum, the charge amount generated by the friction is maximum;

3. When the exhalation volume is reduced, the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 are gradually separated, and as the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 are non-conductive organic thin film layers, in order to keep the electrical neutrality, equal amounts of different-sign charges can be induced in the first electrode layer 71 and the second electrode layer 74, so that electrons are driven by the potential difference to move directionally in an external circuit, the electric energy is output again, and the sterilization effect is continued;

4. When the exhalation is finished and the inhalation is started, the elastic sheet formed by the first generating layer 72 and the first electrode layer 71 is tightly contacted with the breathing hole 93 to form a seal, and the nano generating unit 7 is restored to the initial state.

With this embodiment, the nano power generation unit 7 outputs the generated alternating current to the nano antibacterial layer 6, and under the action of electrostatic adsorption, the probability of bacteria contacting the nano antibacterial layer 6 is increased, and the sterilization effect is improved. In addition, the alternating current of the nano power generation unit 7 can form a strongly-changing electric field between the nano antibacterial layers 6, and bacteria are killed through the electroporation effect, namely bacteria in the exhaled air of a human body are killed, so that a germ carrier is prevented from spreading germs into the air. The enhancement of the sterilization effect can last for several minutes or even more than tens of minutes, and the electric energy output of the respiratory frequency is enough to meet the normal sterilization effect.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a rectifying unit may be connected in series in a current loop formed by the first electrode layer 71 or the second electrode layer 74 and the nano antibacterial layer 6 through a wire, so as to rectify and uniformly output the voltages output by the first electrode layer 71 and the second electrode layer 74 to the nano antibacterial layer 6, thereby achieving the effect of enhancing the sterilization effect.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a plurality of nano-antibacterial layers 6 may be further configured, and each nano-antibacterial layer 6 may be configured with a wire connected to the first electrode layer 71 or the second electrode layer 74, respectively, to enhance the sterilization effect.

Fig. 6 to 8 are schematic views of masks according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the masks further include an outer surface layer 4 and an inner surface layer 5 in consideration of comfort of human body, the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5 may include layers of materials commonly used for making masks, such as non-woven fabric and/or dense gauze layers, for example, both the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5 may be made of non-woven fabric layers, or the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5 may be made of non-woven fabric layers and/or dense gauze layers. It should be understood that the materials for the outer and inner skin layers may be selected and configured according to practical situations, and are not limited to the nonwoven fabric and the dense mesh gauze, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

The nano antibacterial layer 6 is formed between the outer surface layer 4 and the inner surface layer 5. The nano antibacterial layer 6 comprises a first nano antibacterial layer and a second nano antibacterial layer, and the nano power generation unit 7 is arranged between the first nano antibacterial layer and the second nano antibacterial layer.

Fig. 7 to 8 further show the structure between the nano antibacterial layer 6 and the nano power generating unit 7. Wherein, the left end parts of the first electrode layer 71 and the first power generation layer 72 of the nano power generation unit 7 are elastically connected with the first nano antibacterial layer 11 (for example, connected by an elastic connection part 8), and the right end parts of the first electrode layer 71 and the first power generation layer 72 are fixedly connected with the first nano antibacterial layer; and the left end parts of the second electrode layer 74 and the second power generation layer 73 of the nano power generation unit 7 are fixedly connected 12 with the second nano antibacterial layer, and the right end parts of the second electrode layer 74 and the second power generation layer 73 are elastically connected with the second nano antibacterial layer.

1. When a human body exhales, the air pressure in the mask is higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the mask deforms and bulges outwards. Under the tension of the mask, the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 move to both sides, as shown in fig. 8, sliding friction occurs and charges are generated and then induced in the first electrode layer 71 and the second electrode layer 74, and then transferred to the nano antibacterial layer 6 directly connected thereto. At the moment, the nano antibacterial layer 6 can kill bacteria in the exhaled air of the human body so as to prevent a germ carrier from spreading germs to the air;

2. When a human body inhales, the air pressure in the mask is smaller than the atmospheric pressure, so that the mask is sunken inwards. At this time, the first power generation layer 72 and the second power generation layer 73 slide and rub inward under the elastic force of both sides to generate charges and then induce the charges in the first electrode layer 71 and the second electrode layer 74, and then are transferred to the nano antibacterial layer 6 directly connected thereto, thereby improving the sterilization effect of the nano antibacterial material layer. At this time, the nano antibacterial layer 6 can kill bacteria in the outside air, preventing the bacteria from entering the human body.

With this embodiment, the nano power generation unit 7 outputs the generated alternating current to the nano antibacterial layer 6, and under the action of electrostatic adsorption, the probability of bacteria contacting the nano antibacterial layer 6 is increased, and the sterilization effect is improved. In addition, the alternating current of the nanometer power generation unit 7 can form a strongly-changing electric field between the nanometer antibacterial layers 6, bacteria are killed through the electroporation effect, namely the bacteria in the exhaled air and inhaled air of a human body are killed, and bacteria can be prevented from entering the human body while germs are prevented from being transmitted to the air by a germ carrier. The enhancement of the sterilization effect can last for several minutes or even more than tens of minutes, and the electric energy output of the respiratory frequency is enough to meet the normal sterilization effect.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the nano-electricity generating units 7 is two, and the two nano-electricity generating units are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to both sides of the cheek of the user, as shown in fig. 6, mainly considering that the amplitude of movement of both sides of the cheek during breathing is the largest, and the elastic deformation is the largest at the position, and the generated elastic potential energy is the largest. It should be understood that those skilled in the art may also configure the number of the nano power generation units and the nano antibacterial layers 6 according to practical situations, for example, only one nano power generation unit 7 is configured, or one or more nano power generation units 7 are added at other suitable positions on the basis of the embodiment of fig. 6, or multiple layers of nano antibacterial layers 6 are added, so as to enhance the sterilization effect while ensuring the comfort of the human body, and these embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present application, and therefore the present invention is not limited thereto.

It should be understood that one skilled in the art can select any one of the above embodiments or select a combination of the above embodiments to configure the mask according to the disclosure of the present invention, and other alternative embodiments also fall within the scope of the present invention.

The mask provided by the invention adopts the nano antibacterial material as the antibacterial layer, so that compared with the traditional antibacterial material, the mask has a larger surface area and can be fully contacted with bacteria, thereby having higher bactericidal effect; in addition, the mask provided by the invention also comprises a nano power generation unit which can be used as energy supply, no external power supply is needed, and the generated current can form a strongly changed electric field between the nano antibacterial layers, so that on one hand, the dissolution effect of the nano antibacterial material is improved, and the sterilization effect is higher; on the other hand, under the action of electrostatic adsorption of an electric field, the contact probability of the antibacterial material and bacteria is increased, the sterilization effect is obvious, and meanwhile, the bacteria can be subjected to electroporation, so that the sterilization effect is further improved. The mask provided by the invention has good sterilization effect and biocompatibility, is nontoxic and harmless to human bodies, and realizes safe and effective protection of human bodies.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

in addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mask comprises a nano antibacterial layer made of nano antibacterial materials, and is characterized by further comprising a nano power generation unit, wherein the nano power generation unit is connected with the nano antibacterial layer and used for generating charges so as to form an electric field on the nano antibacterial layer, and the nano power generation unit comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, a first power generation layer and a second power generation layer, wherein the first electrode layer is in contact with the first power generation layer, and the second electrode layer is in contact with the second power generation layer; the first power generation layer and the second power generation layer respectively generate charges with opposite polarities to each other under the condition of friction and/or contact, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are respectively used for transferring the charges generated by the first power generation layer and the second power generation layer to the nano antibacterial layer through a conducting wire or directly;

The mask further comprises a breather valve, the nanometer power generation unit is arranged on the breather valve, wherein the first power generation layer and the first electrode layer form an elastic sheet of the breather valve, one end of the elastic sheet is fixed at the top end of the breather hole, the second power generation layer and one end of the second electrode layer are fixed at the top end of the breather hole at a preset angle, and any one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is connected with the nanometer antibacterial layer through a wire.

2. the mask of claim 1 further comprising an outer surface layer and an inner surface layer, said outer surface layer and said inner surface layer comprising a non-woven fabric layer and/or a dense mesh gauze layer, said nano-antimicrobial layer being formed between said outer surface layer and said inner surface layer.

3. The mask of claim 2 wherein said nano antibacterial layer comprises a first nano antibacterial layer and a second nano antibacterial layer, said nano electricity generating unit is disposed between said first nano antibacterial layer and said second nano antibacterial layer, wherein the left ends of said first electrode layer and said first electricity generating layer of said nano electricity generating unit are elastically connected with said first nano antibacterial layer, and the right ends of said first electrode layer and said first electricity generating layer are fixedly connected with said first nano antibacterial layer; and the second electrode layer of the nano power generation unit and the left end part of the second power generation layer are fixedly connected with the second nano antibacterial layer, and the right end parts of the second electrode layer and the second power generation layer are elastically connected with the second nano antibacterial layer.

4. The mask of claim 3 wherein said nano-electricity generating units are two in number, and are respectively disposed at positions corresponding to both sides of the cheek of the user.

5. The mask of claim 4 wherein said first and second charge generating layers are flexible materials having different electron accepting and losing capabilities.

6. The mask of claim 5 wherein said first and second charge generating layers have a porous structure thereon.

7. The mask of claim 6 wherein said flexible material of said first and second power generating layers is one of the following: polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyphenylpropane carbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, polydiallyl phthalate, polyoxymethylene.

8. The mask of claim 7 wherein said first electrode layer and said second electrode layer are gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, iron, chromium, selenium, or alloys thereof, or indium tin metal oxide film coated electrode layers.

9. The mask of claim 8 wherein said nano-antibacterial material comprises a one-dimensional nanomaterial.

10. The mask of claim 9 wherein said nano-antibacterial material comprises any one of the following:

Titanium dioxide nano-materials, zinc oxide nano-materials, tin oxide nano-materials, zirconium dioxide nano-materials and cadmium sulfide nano-materials.

11. The mask of claim 10 wherein said nano antibacterial layer is a silver nanoparticle/zinc oxide nanowire composite grown on a carbon cloth substrate.

12. The mask of claim 11 wherein said nano antibacterial layer is a multilayer.

13. the mask of any one of claims 1 to 12 further comprising a rectifying unit connected in series to a current loop formed by said first electrode layer or said second electrode layer and said nano antibacterial layer.