CN106467329A - A kind of rotary aerator and its machinery and the compression integrated aeration method of air - Google Patents
A kind of rotary aerator and its machinery and the compression integrated aeration method of air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106467329A CN106467329A CN201610810296.2A CN201610810296A CN106467329A CN 106467329 A CN106467329 A CN 106467329A CN 201610810296 A CN201610810296 A CN 201610810296A CN 106467329 A CN106467329 A CN 106467329A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aeration
- aeration element
- water
- breach
- runing rest
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rotary aerator and its machinery and the compression integrated aeration method of air, device includes aeration element, runing rest, aeration cell body and driving equipment, described driving equipment and the central rotating shaft drive connection of runing rest, described runing rest is erected on aeration cell body, and described aeration element is uniformly distributed on the connection end being fixed on runing rest.Apparatus of the present invention and method possess that economy is high, run efficiently and stable, structure is simple, operation and maintenance is convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aeration process field of sewage disposal, be particularly suited for rural area and small town sewage process with
And the aeration of industrial wastewater.
Background technology
Aeration is to fill into reactor as an important process link of sewage aerobic biochemical treatment system, its effect
Oxygen is it is ensured that microbial biochemical acts on required dissolved oxygen, and keeps microorganism in reactor, substrate, dissolved oxygen, i.e. mud, water, gas
Three is sufficiently mixed, and provides favourable biochemical reaction condition for microbial degradation Organic substance.Meanwhile, aeration is also sewage aerobic
Running expense highest process procedure in biochemical treatment system, aeration aerating power consumption typically constitute from total output consumption 60%～
70%, therefore preferably less energy consumption, low cost aerator significant.
Two methods of conventional aeration method predominantly organic tool aeration and blast aeration.Mechanical aeration refers to by by machine
Tool equipment (as blade, impeller etc.) makes waste water and mud in activated sludge process Aeration tank be sufficiently mixed, and makes mixed liquor liquid level not
Disconnected renewal and air contact, the method to increase the dissolved oxygen in water.Aerator widely used at present mainly has surface aeration
Machine and immersion turbine aerator two class.This aeration method equipment is simple, and maintenance management is convenient, is usually used in less aeration
Pond.Blast aeration is to utilize connecting conveying pipe road by having the aerator of certain air quantity and pressure, and air is passed through aerator
Pressure is added in cesspool, so that sewage and air in pond is fully contacted.Blast aeration has efficiency high, but up-front investment cost
Higher, aerator easily blocks, and updates and safeguard complexity.
The present invention provides a kind of aeration method, in conjunction with mechanical aeration cost of investment is low and the efficiency height of blast aeration etc. is excellent
Point, has higher using value.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provide a kind of rotary aerator and
Its mechanical and compression integrated aeration method of air, economy is high, runs efficiently and stablizes, structure is simple, operation and maintenance side
Just.
Technical scheme：For achieving the above object, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of rotary aerator, including aeration element, runing rest, aeration cell body and driving equipment, described driving
Equipment and the central rotating shaft drive connection of runing rest, described runing rest is erected on aeration cell body, and described aeration element is equal
Even distribution is fixed on the connection end of runing rest.
Further, described runing rest includes support frame structure, fixed structure and rotating shaft, and support frame as described above structure includes
Some are uniformly distributed the support bar being connected in rotating shaft, and described fixed structure is annular frame, with equally distributed support bar
It is fixedly connected.
Further, described aeration element is with the cylinder-like structure running through bar v notch v, is located with runing rest and puts down
Face is vertical.
Further, described aeration element also can adopt other structures.
Further, the central angle corresponding to the breach of described aeration elementFor 5～40 °.
Further, the opening direction of the breach of described aeration element and central angle θ folded by corresponding support bar be 90～
125°.
Further, the two ends of the breach of described aeration element, distribution along its length is provided with laciniation.
Further, the lateral wall of described aeration element has some thin seam grooves, described thin seam along circular arc direction
It is mutually perpendicular between groove and bar v notch v.
A kind of machinery of rotary aerator and the compression integrated aeration method of air, specific as follows：
In one rotation period, aeration element is internal first to fill water, and is carried over water with the rotation of runing rest
Face, the opening direction due to the breach of aeration element is immobilized with central angle θ folded by support bar, and rotation process breach exposes relatively
In gas element, the water surface constantly reduces, and the inside of aeration element carries water constantly from breach overflow；
Breach is laciniation, overflow water can be cut into some thin current, and the thin current of a part are in falling process
Interrupt several tiny drops that complete, drop obtains oxygenation in falling process；The thin current of another part are due to runing rest
There is slower velocity of rotation, the thin seam groove flowing with breach vertical connection, extends it in air along outside aeration element
In open-assembly time, meanwhile, thread carefully stitches groove flowing along outside, and thin current are further cut thinner water
Stream, and finally drops to the water surface, and in falling process, break the fall drop of formation of thin current obtains oxygenation；
Runing rest constantly rotates, aeration element carry water overflow complete after, be full of air, subsequently quilt inside aeration element
Below band upstream face；
Constantly rise with the water level in aeration element, lead to air in aeration element constantly to be compressed, air and water exist
Two phase-contact surface oxygen transfer speed are accelerated；
When the breach of aeration element rotates to compressed air edge, air starts constantly to overflow, the sawtooth through breach two ends
Form several tiny bubbles after the cutting of shape structure, bubble continuous mass transfer with water in uphill process, countless rose meanwhile
In journey, bubble constantly becomes big, and aeration pool inner water obtains and stirs to a certain extent；
After aeration element compressed air drains, its inner filling water, now, close to the water surface, one is complete for aeration element
Rotation period terminate.
Beneficial effect：(1) present invention provides a kind of rotary aerator and its machinery and the compression integrated aeration of air
Method, aeration element during Periodic Rotating, by water from Aeration tank carries to aeration element, aeration element breach with
The fixing angle of strut ensures that in rotation process, water energy flows out from aeration element breach, and the broached-tooth design of breach ensures overflow
Water is cut into some threads, and cut thread has larger current specific surface area, obtains oxygenation by drop, except this
Outside, slow velocity of rotation makes remaining thread along the thin seam groove flowing on aeration element surface, extends it in air
In open-assembly time, furthermore, the thread through saw cut is cut further by the thin seam in aeration element surface, and current specific surface area is entered
One step increases, and improves the oxygenation capacity of water.(2), after aeration element carries water overflow is complete, inside aeration element, it is full of air, this portion
It is brought in Aeration tank after dividing air rotated.With the continuation of rotation, in aeration element, air is constantly compressed, pressure
Increase and promote oxygen in compressed air to accelerate in two phase-contact surface mass transfer velocities with entering the water in aeration element.With further
Rotation, when aeration element breach turns to compressed air edge, compressed air starts to overflow from indentation, there, the zigzag knot of breach
Air is cut into some tiny bubbles by structure, enhances the mass transfer effect of bubble and water, and meanwhile, the bubble constantly rising makes
Obtain aeration pool inner water further to be stirred.(3) rotary aerating system periodically rotates, and ensure that aeration pool inner water
It is sufficiently stirred for, is conducive to water oxygen fully to be spread, improved aeration effect.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing 1 is the aerating system front view in the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the aerating system side view in the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 3 is the aeration element sectional view in the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 4 is the aeration element breach enlarged drawing in the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 5 is aeration element expanded view and profile in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
As attached Fig. 1 and 2, a kind of rotary aerator, including aeration element 1, runing rest, aeration cell body 4 and driving
The central rotating shaft drive connection of equipment, described driving equipment and runing rest, described runing rest is erected on aeration cell body 4,
Described aeration element 1 is uniformly distributed on the connection end being fixed on runing rest.Specifically, described runing rest includes bracing frame knot
Structure 2, fixed structure 3 and rotating shaft 10, support frame as described above structure includes some and is uniformly distributed the support bar being connected in rotating shaft 10,
Described fixed structure 3 is annular frame, is fixedly connected with equally distributed support bar, central angle phase folded by adjacent aeration element 1
Deng being evenly distributed on the connection end of support bar.Described driving equipment includes motor 9 and drive mechanism 8, and described motor 9 leads to
Crossing drive mechanism 8 and rotating shaft 10 drive connection, driving runing rest rotation, thus driving aeration element 1 with rotating shaft 10 as the center of circle
Rotation.Wherein, black box 7 ensures that rotating shaft 10 and aeration cell body 4 have good sealing.
As accompanying drawing 3, described aeration element 1 is with the cylinder-like structure running through bar v notch v, also can adopt other shapes
Structure, vertical with runing rest place plane.The corresponding central angle of breach of described aeration element 1Need to control in certain limit
Interior, central angleToo big, carry the water yield and air supply is limited, affect aeration and mixing effect, central angleToo little, water is not
Easily enter aeration element it is impossible to complete to carry water function from breach, affect aeration effect.Circle in the present invention, corresponding to breach
Heart angleFor 5～40 °.Aeration element 1 opening direction is immobilized with central angle θ folded by corresponding support bar, not with aeration main body
Rotation and change, and θ should control within the specific limits, and θ is too big and too little all leads to carry the water yield and air supply is limited, shadow
Ring aeration and mixing effect.In the present invention, the opening direction of breach is 90～125 ° with central angle θ folded by support bar.
The two ends of the breach of described aeration element 1, distribution along its length is provided with laciniation.Breach two ends are amplified
As shown in figure 4, the laciniation at two ends, when aeration element 1 turns in the air, laciniation can be by aeration element 1
Inside carries Water Cutting and becomes some thin current, improves aeration effect；When aeration element 1 turns to underwater, laciniation
Compressed air within aeration element 1 can be cut to several tiny bubbles, strengthen the oxygen transfer effect of water and compressed air
Really.
The lateral wall of described aeration element 1 has some thin seam grooves, described thin seam groove and bar along circular arc direction
It is mutually perpendicular between v notch v.Launch and section is as shown in figure 5, the slow rotary speed of runing rest ensure that a part is overflow
Flowing water stitches groove flowing along aeration element 1 outside is thin, extends its aerial open-assembly time, cuts through broached-tooth design meanwhile
The thread cutting carefully is stitched groove by aeration element 1 surface and cuts further, and current specific surface area increases further, improves the oxygenation of water
Amount.
A kind of machinery of rotary aerator and the compression integrated aeration method of air, specific as follows：
In one rotation period, aeration element 1 is internal first to fill water, and is carried over water with the rotation of runing rest
Face, the opening direction due to the breach of aeration element 1 is immobilized with central angle θ folded by support bar, and rotation process breach is relatively
In aeration element 1, the water surface constantly reduces, and the inside of aeration element 1 carries water constantly from breach overflow；
Breach is laciniation, overflow water can be cut into some thin current, and the thin current of a part are in falling process
Interrupt several tiny drops 6 that complete, drop 6 obtains oxygenation in falling process；The thin current of another part are due to rotation
Frame has slower velocity of rotation, along the thin seam groove flowing in aeration element 1 outside and breach vertical connection, extends it in sky
Open-assembly time in gas, meanwhile, thread carefully stitches groove flowing along outside, and thin current are further cut thinner water
Stream, and finally drops to the water surface, and in falling process, break the fall drop 6 of formation of thin current obtains oxygenation；
Runing rest constantly rotates, aeration element 1 carry water overflow complete after, aeration element 1 is internal to be full of air, subsequently
It is brought into below the water surface；
Constantly rise with the water level in aeration element 1, lead to air in aeration element 1 constantly to be compressed, air and water
Accelerate in two phase-contact surface oxygen transfer speed；
When the breach of aeration element 1 rotates to compressed air edge, air starts constantly to overflow, the sawtooth through breach two ends
Form several tiny bubbles 5 after the cutting of shape structure, bubble 5 continuous mass transfer with water in uphill process, meanwhile, countless risings
During bubble 5 constantly become greatly, aeration pool inner water obtains and stirs to a certain extent；
After aeration element 1 compressed air drains, its inner filling water, now, close to the water surface, one is complete for aeration element 1
Whole rotation period terminates.
Rotary aerator in the present invention and its machinery and the compression integrated aeration method of air, are applicable to water body
Oxygenation, rural area and small town sanitary sewage biology aerobic process aerated portion and industrial wastewater biology aerobic processes aeration portion
Point, according to processing the water yield and Inlet and outlet water dissolved oxygen value, determine Aeration tank size, the radius of aeration main body runing rest, aeration unit
Some technical parameters such as part radius and quantity, set blast aeration of the present invention and surface aeration advantage, need not arrange Ventilator Room and
Agitator, initial investment is little, stable and oxidation effect is good, is provided simultaneously with the low some advantages of maintenance cost, be conducive to into
One step is promoted, and has broad application prospects.
The above be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it should be pointed out that：Ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of rotary aerator it is characterised in that：Including aeration element (1), runing rest, aeration cell body (4) and drive
The central rotating shaft drive connection of dynamic equipment, described driving equipment and runing rest, described runing rest is erected at aeration cell body (4)
On, described aeration element (1) is uniformly distributed on the connection end being fixed on runing rest.
2. a kind of rotary aerator according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described runing rest includes bracing frame
Structure (2), fixed structure (3) and rotating shaft (10), support frame as described above structure includes some and is uniformly distributed being connected to rotating shaft (10)
On support bar, described fixed structure (3) be annular frame, be fixedly connected with equally distributed support bar.
3. a kind of rotary aerator according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described aeration element (1) be with
Run through the cylinder-like structure of bar v notch v, vertical with runing rest place plane.
4. a kind of rotary aerator according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：The breach of described aeration element (1)
Corresponding central angleFor 5～40 °.
5. a kind of rotary aerator according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that：Described aeration element (1) lack
The opening direction of mouth is 90～125 ° with central angle θ folded by corresponding support bar.
6. a kind of rotary aerator according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：The breach of described aeration element (1)
Two ends, along its length distribution be provided with laciniation.
7. a kind of rotary aerator according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：The outside of described aeration element (1)
Wall has some thin seam grooves along circular arc direction, is mutually perpendicular between described thin seam groove and bar v notch v.
8. a kind of machinery of rotary aerator and the compression integrated aeration method of air are it is characterised in that specific as follows：
In one rotation period, aeration element (1) is internal first to fill water, and is carried over water with the rotation of runing rest
Face, the opening direction due to the breach of aeration element (1) is immobilized with central angle θ folded by support bar, rotation process breach phase
To aeration element (1), the interior water surface constantly reduces, and the inside of aeration element (1) carries water constantly from breach overflow；
Breach is laciniation, overflow water can be cut into some thin current, and the thin current of a part interrupt in falling process
Complete several tiny drops (6), and drop (6) obtains oxygenation in falling process；The thin current of another part are due to rotation
Frame has slower velocity of rotation, the thin seam groove flowing with breach vertical connection along outside aeration element (1), extend its
The open-assembly time of in the air, meanwhile, thread carefully stitches groove flowing along outside, and thin current are further cut thinner
Current, and finally drop to the water surface, in falling process, break the fall drop (6) of formation of thin current obtains oxygenation；
Runing rest constantly rotates, aeration element (1) carry water overflow complete after, be full of air inside aeration element (1), subsequently
It is brought into below the water surface；
Constantly rise with the water level in aeration element (1), lead to the interior air of aeration element (1) constantly to be compressed, air and water
Accelerate in two phase-contact surface oxygen transfer speed；
When the breach of aeration element (1) rotates to compressed air edge, air starts constantly to overflow, the zigzag through breach two ends
Form several tiny bubbles (5) after structure cutting, bubble (5) continuous mass transfer with water in uphill process, meanwhile, countless on
During rising, bubble (5) constantly becomes big, and aeration pool inner water obtains and stirs to a certain extent；
After aeration element (1) compressed air drains, its inner filling water, now, close to the water surface, one is complete for aeration element (1)
Whole rotation period terminates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610810296.2A CN106467329B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | A kind of rotary aerator and its mechanical and compression integrated aeration method of air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610810296.2A CN106467329B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | A kind of rotary aerator and its mechanical and compression integrated aeration method of air |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106467329A true CN106467329A (en) | 2017-03-01 |
| CN106467329B CN106467329B (en) | 2019-10-18 |
Family
ID=58230196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610810296.2A Active CN106467329B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | A kind of rotary aerator and its mechanical and compression integrated aeration method of air |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106467329B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108569760A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-25 | 陆林娣 | A kind of rotary disturbance aerator and its method of sewage disposal |
| CN108862915A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 崔云华 | A kind of sewage disposal system and its sewage water treatment method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2376471Y (en) * | 1999-05-15 | 2000-05-03 | 宜兴市高塍玻璃钢化工设备厂 | Improved microporous aerator |
| CN103011393A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 北京安力斯环境科技有限公司 | Circular biofilm disc and self-aeration biological rotary wheel structure using same |
| CN105000687A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽星元环保科技有限公司 | Mechanical and air-blast dual-purpose aeration equipment for sewage treatment |
-
2016
- 2016-09-08 CN CN201610810296.2A patent/CN106467329B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2376471Y (en) * | 1999-05-15 | 2000-05-03 | 宜兴市高塍玻璃钢化工设备厂 | Improved microporous aerator |
| CN103011393A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 北京安力斯环境科技有限公司 | Circular biofilm disc and self-aeration biological rotary wheel structure using same |
| CN105000687A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽星元环保科技有限公司 | Mechanical and air-blast dual-purpose aeration equipment for sewage treatment |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108569760A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-25 | 陆林娣 | A kind of rotary disturbance aerator and its method of sewage disposal |
| CN108862915A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 崔云华 | A kind of sewage disposal system and its sewage water treatment method |
| CN108862915B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-03-09 | 通化鑫鸿新材料有限公司 | Sewage treatment system and sewage treatment method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106467329B (en) | 2019-10-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100544808C (en) | A kind of method and apparatus of shooting flow film-bioreactor | |
| CN101514049B (en) | Rotary type hollow fiber porous membrane foamless oxygen charging device and method | |
| AU5256699A (en) | Device for agitating a liquid in a reactor and for injecting a gas into this liquid | |
| CN109516578B (en) | Efficient aeration oxygenation method and device for bubble suspension and bubble refinement | |
| CN106430551B (en) | A kind of rotary compound bio type sewage-treatment plant and method | |
| CN105399200A (en) | Molecule-refining oxygen-dissolution aeration device | |
| CN108178492B (en) | Municipal domestic sludge air flotation concentration treatment equipment and method | |
| CN103011390A (en) | Novel diving jet-type biological aerated filter | |
| CN207918536U (en) | A kind of aerobic tank aeration cover | |
| CN101935137B (en) | Method and device for separating silt in feed solution for methane fermentation | |
| CN106467329A (en) | A kind of rotary aerator and its machinery and the compression integrated aeration method of air | |
| CN107698025B (en) | Integrated sewage denitrification and dephosphorization device | |
| CN206375737U (en) | One kind centrifugation supercharging plugflow aeration machine | |
| CN209276218U (en) | Recycle current flow fixed bed aerobic biofilter | |
| CN109368772B (en) | Circulation flow fixed bed aerobic biological filter | |
| CN107651753B (en) | Sewage denitrification and dephosphorization device | |
| CN207891135U (en) | A kind of ecological running water equipment in situ | |
| CN207684990U (en) | A kind of Efficient micropore aeration device | |
| CN205856099U (en) | The high oxygen that passes does not blocks aeration cylinder | |
| CN207276362U (en) | A kind of special water remediation integrated machine equipment of river and lake water harnessing | |
| CN207016569U (en) | A kind of mushroom head for being used to fluidize cyclic aeration device | |
| CN207016545U (en) | A kind of flow deflector for being used to fluidize cyclic aeration device | |
| CN2780752Y (en) | Orygen enriched aeration device | |
| CN2526315Y (en) | Integrated membrane bioreactor | |
| CN206735888U (en) | A kind of aeration device for treating sewage |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |