CN1064610A - A kind of complex implanted false teeth and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of hydroxyapatite---tooth section metal material complex implanted false teeth and manufacture method thereof.It is with tooth section metal material as the load-bearing core, coated the hydroxyapatite material layer at metal-cored outer surface.Dental Implant is made of the separate transplanting body post of coming of age, and two parts connect to one by screw connection, and its basic geometric shape is cylindrical.The hydroxyapatite material layer can utilize the plasma spray coating process spraying to form.

Description

A kind of complex implanted false teeth and manufacture method thereof

The present invention relates to a kind of Dental Implant, relate in particular to a kind of composite Dental Implant.

Traditional artificial tooth restorative procedure is to adopt the plastics dens supporter, but has disadvantage not attractive in appearance, uncomfortable with the artificial tooth of dens supporter reparation, does not especially have the probability with the dens supporter repair to denture under its a little situations.The nearly 20 tooth-planting teeth that developed have changed traditional artificial tooth restorative procedure.The method plays the effect of root of the tooth by implant a root shape thing on jawbone, and utilizes this root shape thing to pass the post that gingiva stays in the oral cavity and carry out the artificial tooth reparation.Because the disadvantage that the method has avoided dens supporter to repair is so caused the revolution of prosthetic dentistry.The material that popular Dental Implant adopted in the world at present mainly contains Al ₂O ₃Or titanium (Ti) alloy.Al ₂O ₃Material is owing to being difficult to practicality too firmly, so the titanium alloy Dental Implant becomes main product.Though the titanium alloy Dental Implant has goodish mechanical characteristic and biocompatibility, owing to it can't form synostosis with jawbone osseous tissue on every side, so be easy to generate displacement and become flexible and influence planting effect.Hydroxyapatite [(Ca ₁₀(OH) ₂(PO ₄) ₆] be the Main Ingredients and Appearance that constitutes the body bone tissue inanimate matter, its maximum characteristics are to have excellent biological compatibility, to biological nontoxic, non-stimulated, no rejection, and can form synostosis with osseous tissue.But because hydroxyapatite material (can be called for short the HA material) is too crisp, thus can not be as the bulk load-bearing bone, generally only limit to load not or only bear the damaged reparation or the alternate material of partial pressure bone.

At Japanese sheet " International Implant " magazine Volume 2 in 1988, the 262nd page of main geometric shape and the structure of having introduced canine implant of Number 5.It is introduced that it is multiple that the geometric form of canine implant mainly contains Branemark implantation body, surperficial square thread implantation body and root of the tooth natural form list tooth root planting body etc.These plantations all are to be taken root and the hat post that carries out the corona reparation constitutes by kind.These geometric shapes and structure Design be substantially from experience or subjective understanding, lacks strict scientific basis, thereby will inevitably cause denticle mechanics skewness, and the artificial tooth after the reparation can't bear bigger power, may produce displacement or loosening even come off.

The objective of the invention is to design a kind of Dental Implant, it should satisfy the stressed requirement that is evenly distributed, and has good mechanical characteristic and biocompatibility, thereby and can form synostosis with on every side jawbone osseous tissue and avoid the displacement of Dental Implant and become flexible, come off.Yet the advantage that it combines titanium Dental Implant and hydroxyapatite Dental Implant has basically been avoided the defective of the two.

Invention main points of the present invention are to design a kind of Dental Implant of composite, and it can be made of separate implantation body (1) post (2) two parts of coming of age; This composite Dental Implant can titanium, titanium alloy, Co-Cr-Mn alloy, and tooth commonly used such as rustless steel section metal material is as Dental Implant load-bearing metal etc.; Cladding hydroxyapatite material layer (3) on implantation body's outer surface.

Implementation method of the present invention is: undertaken learning after the analysis relatively of mechanics distribution simulation by having adopted the various geometric shape of SAP IV structural analysis kind ordered pair implantation body, the geometric shape of canine implant has a direct impact its interfacial stress distribution and size, and the Dental Implant bone interface stress distribution of Cylinder form is the most even, stress value is also smaller, so the present invention has taked Cylinder as several substantially body profile of Dental Implant of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Composite Dental Implant of the present invention can be come of age by separate upright implantation body (1) and be planted (2) formation, and it is Dental Implant that two parts can firmly link into an integrated entity by helicitic texture.Top in implantation body can the garden heart be that central shaft is offered all suitable longitudinal fluting (4) of length and aperture, and the inner surface of this groove is furnished with screw thread.Can offer direction and the implantation body longitudinal axis perpendicular through hole (5) to the implantation body garden on the appropriate location between the lonely shape bottom at this longitudinal fluting (4).Hat post (2) can be gone up connecting thread post (6), and joint portion (7) and jog constitute.Connecting thread post (6) outer surface thread can with the threads engaged of longitudinal fluting (4), join by connecting thread post (6) and implantation body (1), the physical dimension of joint portion (7) can be consistent with the physical dimension of implant metal core and be positioned at the top of connecting thread post (6).Can slightly be trapezoidal from this joint portion (7) to being preced with the column top, and outer surface that can be is in this section offered one every suitable distance and is formed jog with the perpendicular horizontal groove (8) of the longitudinal axis.In operation that can be when arbitrary diametric(al) is offered one groove (9) and is beneficial to carry out artificial tooth and repairs on the Guan Yuanding.

This Dental Implant and implantation body and hat grain all can adopt various tooth section's metal materials such as titanium, titanium alloy, Co-Cr-Mn alloy, and rustless steel etc. are metal-cored as load-bearing, so have the good mechanical characteristic.Owing to cladded the hydroxyapatite material layer at metal-cored outer surface,, prevented the loosening of Dental Implant effectively and come off so Dental Implant can form synostosis with osseous tissue on every side and keep excellent biological compatibility and biological activity at the interface.Particularly the design of implantation body's through hole (5) more can be strengthened the steadiness of Dental Implant.The design of coronal depression of tooth protuberance is in order to help the bonding operation and the bond effect of corona repair materials, and the design of hat top groove (9) then is to use supporting operation tool when being convenient to the plantation operation.

Figure 1 shows that structural representation of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows that implantation body and the syndeton sketch map of being preced with post.

The manufacture method of composite plant can be illustrated by following most preferred embodiment, in this most preferred embodiment be metal-cored with titanium alloy be example, but metal-cored processing method and processing method and the metal-cored principle distinction that there is no of titanium alloy of other tooth section metal material.At first, be that the titanium alloy metal is processed into Dental Implant is metal-cored after blasting treatment makes rough surface, make titanium wicking surface cleaning and dry stand-by through ultrasonic cleaning at last.Hydroxyapatite layer is to be sprayed on the titanium core outer surface after the processing by plasma spray coating process, coating layer thickness should guarantee between hydroxyapatite sprayed layer and the titanium core enough bond strengths are arranged, generally be advisable, but can not too thickly have the fragility of pottery as the body material in order to avoid sprayed coating becomes with the tight topped titanium core of energy.Because hydroxyapatite powder granule size and coating porosity have substantial connection, the big more coating micropore of powder size is big more, particularly be beneficial to the firmly long-term of growing into of new bone and implantation body greater than having of 150 μ m micropores, therefore should carefully select the HA powder size, under guaranteeing the coating initial strength and preventing prerequisite that metal ion separates out as far as possible, suitably increase porosity.In the present embodiment, when powder size was 30～150 μ m, porosity was about 17%～43%, and interface bond strength is about 13.1MPa～19.4MPa.Metal-cored (comprise implant metal core come of age post) of the present invention can be designed to some series of values according to the jawbone anatomical features of different ethnic groups.For example for adapting to China part population characteristic, the titanium core diameter can be taken as about 3-5mm, corresponding body length can be taken as about 12mm, and hydroxyapatite coating layer thickness can be taken as about 10 μ m, and powder size is about 150 μ m.The diameter of the longitudinal fluting on implantation body top (4) can be taken as about 2/3 of implantation body's diameter, the aperture that its length is no more than 2/3 implantation body's locating hole (5) of implantation body's total length is about 1/2 of longitudinal fluting (4) aperture, its quantity can be one, is preced with the post height accordingly and can be taken as about 7mm.The groove number of offering at hat post jog can be 2, and groove width and groove depth then can be random.It is then relevant with matching used planting tool to back down the depth of groove that does not have at Guan Zhuyuan, for example can be taken as that 1mm is wide, 1.5mm is dark.

The operation of Dental Implant in this most preferred embodiment was implanted after 1～2 month, and the have an appointment lamina dura of 0.3mm of bone regeneration around implant generates; The lamina dura of implanting the 0.5mm that can have an appointment after 4 months generates; Implant more than half a year, the bone regeneration around implant os osseum is analysed with can the thick 1mm of reaching, and this moment, implantation body formed firm synostosis with the cortical bone interface, and generally the repair of corona can be carried out in implantation in back about three months.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of hydroxyapatite-tooth section metal material complex implanted false teeth, constitute by implantation body (1) post (2) of coming of age, it is characterized in that implantation body and hat post are to make with tooth section metal materials such as Ti, Ti alloy, Co-Cr-Mn alloy, rustless steels, sprayed hydroxyapatite material layer (3) at the implant metal core outer surface; Implantation body can be made of separate two parts with the hat post and can connect to one by screw connection.

2, complex implanted false teeth as claimed in claim 1, the top that it is characterized in that described implantation body (1) can the garden heart be that central shaft is offered all suitable longitudinal fluting (4) of length and aperture, this groove inner surface is furnished with screw thread, and this groove (4) can be offered direction and the vertical through hole of the longitudinal axis (5) to the appropriate location between the implantation body bottom.

3, complex implanted false teeth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described hat post (2) can be made of connecting thread post (6), joint portion (7) and jog, be threaded post (6) outer surface screw thread can with the threads engaged of longitudinal fluting (4), hat post joint portion (7) can slightly be trapezoidal and can also offer the horizontal groove perpendicular with the longitudinal axis (8) every suitable distance to being preced with the column top, and Guan Zhuyuan can offer groove (9) along arbitrary diametric(al) on the top.

4, institute's complex implanted false teeth according to claim 1 is characterized in that the basic geometric shape of described Dental Implant can be the garden cylindricality that root is the garden orphan.

5, the manufacture method of a kind of hydroxyapatite-tooth section metal material complex implanted false teeth, it is characterized in that cladding in the hydroxyapatite layer on the tooth section metal material metal outer surface is to form with the hydroxyapatite powder of plasma spray coating process suitable granularity of spraying on metal-cored.

6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the thickness of described hydroxyapatite layer can be about 100 μ m, and the hydroxyapatite powder granularity can be about 150 μ m.

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