CN106460615B - Method for carrying out functional test at least one PTC- heating element - Google Patents
Method for carrying out functional test at least one PTC- heating element Download PDFInfo
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- CN106460615B CN106460615B CN201580029694.4A CN201580029694A CN106460615B CN 106460615 B CN106460615 B CN 106460615B CN 201580029694 A CN201580029694 A CN 201580029694A CN 106460615 B CN106460615 B CN 106460615B
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- ptc
- heating element
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- liquid additive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/05—Systems for adding substances into exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
- F01N2610/105—Control thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1811—Temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for carrying out functional test at least one PTC- heating element (1), the PTC- heating element is mounted in the device for providing liquid additive (3) (2), and wherein at least one PTC- heating element (1) is connect by electric lead (4) with power supply (5).In the method, in step a), the turn-on current (6) with the first numerical value (7) is provided in the case where predetermined operating voltage (8).Then the monitoring in step b): the turn-on current (6) with the first numerical value (7) whether is provided in minimum duration (9), wherein the numerical value of the minimum duration (9) minimum 5 seconds.The method is particularly for carrying out onboard diagnostics to the device for being used to provide liquid additive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for carrying out functional test at least one PTC- heating element, the PTC- adds
Thermal element is in the device for providing liquid additive.
Background technique
Device for providing liquid additive is used for example in automotive field, so as to for the internal combustion to motor vehicle
The emission-control equipment that the exhaust gas of machine is purified conveys liquid additive.Emission-control equipment --- it is filled in the exhaust-gas treatment
Set and middle exhaust gas purified using liquid additive --- it is widely popularized.Especially often in this kind of emission-control equipment
The method for treating exhaust gas of execution is selective catalytic reduction (SCR method；SCR=Selective Catalytic Reduction).
In this approach, the nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas is restored by means of reducing agent.Ammonia is typically used herein as reducing agent.It is useless
Flash Gas Compression Skid System typically has SCR catalyst, and the nitrogen oxides in the SCR catalyst in exhaust gas is restored by means of ammonia.
Ammonia is not stored directly in motor vehicle usually, but is stored in the form of reducing agent precursor solution.The reducing agent forerunner
Liquid solution is the additive of liquid.The reducing agent precursor solution being especially commonly used is aqueous solution of urea.Percentage composition is
32.5 aqueous solution of urea is with trade nameTo obtain.
Problematic when this device operates beginning: the liquid additive can freeze at low temperature.It is situated between above
The aqueous solution of urea to continue such as icing at -11 DEG C.This low temperature can especially go out during the prolonged stationary state of motor vehicle
It is existing.Can occur after prolonged stationary state: the liquid additive in described device freezes completely.Then described device is most
Liquid additive will not be just provided.It is known that the device for providing liquid additive has heating system, so that knot
The liquid additive of ice melts, so as to provide the additive of liquid when manipulating and starting as early as possible.
Especially suggest PTC- heating element (PTC=Positive as the heating mechanism for this kind of device
Temperature Coefficient positive temperature coefficient).PTC- heating element is electrical heating elements, which passes through
The electric current that flows through heats.The PTC- heating element has the additional property that the resistance for electric current increases when the temperature rises
Greatly.Then it is achieved that the electric current reduces automatically when temperature is higher.Heating function is also reduced by the reduction of the electric current
Rate.This point is formd to the automatic protection of PTC- heating element to prevent overheat.
In this device with PTC- heating element, heat is deficiently exported from the PTC- heating element is
Problematic, because PTC- heating element is heated to higher temperature in a relatively short period of time and next can also only pass
Lead lesser electric current.Thus heating power by self-interacting type limits in a relatively short period of time, thus only also in lesser model
It encloses and interior meets desired heating function.
Summary of the invention
Therefore it thus sets out here it is an object of the present invention to solve or at least alleviate in conjunction with described by the prior art
The technical issues of.Particularly, to suggest a kind of for carrying out the particularly advantageous of functional test at least one PTC- heating element
Method.
The purpose according to the method for following characteristics by realizing.The feature individually enumerated in the claims can be with
The fact that arbitrarily technically significant mode is bonded to each other and can be by described in specification is supplemented, wherein opening up
Other implementation modifications of the invention are shown.
For carrying out functional test according to the method for the present invention at least one PTC- heating element --- it is wherein, described
At least one PTC- heating element connects in the device for providing liquid additive and through electric lead and power supply
Connect --- include at least following step:
The connection electricity for having the first numerical value (x amperes) a) is provided in the case where predetermined operating voltage (y volts)
Stream；And then
B) it monitors and whether provides the connection electricity with the first numerical value (x amperes) in minimum duration (z s [second])
Stream, wherein the minimum duration (z) minimum 5 seconds, it is 10 seconds preferably minimum.
Particularly, the PTC- heating element in described device is connected on conductive structure with heat conduction, to add from PTC-
Thermal element starts to carry out heat distribution to liquid additive via the conductive structure.The PTC- heating element adds liquid
The heating function of agent is directly related with the export of heat from PTC- heating element herein.Deficiently export heat will lead to:
PTC- heating element reaches higher temperature in a relatively short period of time, thus heating power self-interacting type in a relatively short period of time
It is restricted and only can also meet desired heating function to small degree.
PTC- heating element is quick refrigerator of electric heating resistance (Heizleiter), which is also referred to as positive temperature coefficient electricity
It hinders (Kaltleiter).For PTC- heating element, resistance is obviously smaller than in the case of a high temperature at low temperatures.Then it leads
Electric energy power is considerably higher at low temperatures.Title " posive temperature coefficient thermistor " also therefore.Preferably, resistance is low
Near constant in warm situation, hereafter significantly increases from nominal temperature.Hereafter resistance is constant higher again from final temperature
Level on.
PTC- heating element preferably carrys out work with such as 12 volts or 24 volts fixedly previously given of heating voltage
Make.Due to the temperature dependency of resistance, in the case where heating voltage is fixedly previously given and the case where temperature increases
Lower adjust automatically flows through the electric current of PTC- heating element.Thus the heating power of PTC- heating element is also reduced, thus no longer
Appearance is further heated to situation about also wanting in higher temperature.Thus PTC- heating element is in relatively narrow temperature range
Self-regulation.The PTC- heating element of device for providing liquid additive is preferably within the temperature range of narrow restriction
Self-regulation.The temperature range of at least one PTC- heating element is preferably between 10 DEG C [degree Celsius] and 80 DEG C.10 DEG C and 80
DEG C temperature instruction define herein temperature range the maximum upper limit and the smallest lower limit.In PTC- heating element appropriate
In, the temperature range is for example between 20 DEG C and 30 DEG C or between 30 DEG C and 50 DEG C or between 50 DEG C and 60 DEG C.
From about 10 DEG C, the liquid additive for having tied ice can effectively melt.From about 80 DEG C, the liquid additive exists
The danger of chemical change occurs, so that the temperature higher than 80 DEG C should be avoided.In 10 DEG C and 80 DEG C of boundary, higher temperature
The liquid additive that may be implemented to have tied ice particularly rapid melts, because generated heat is especially rapid when temperature is higher
Ground enters in the liquid additive for having tied ice.The liquid additive that low temperature may be implemented to have tied ice particularly evenly melts, because
To occur lesser local temperature peak when temperature is lower.Simultaneously can with lower temperature come avoid melt when energy
Loss.
Particularly, in step a), turn-on current is provided in the case where predetermined operating voltage (y volts)；Its
In in the step b) monitoring: the turn-on current whether at least up to (or being more than) the first numerical value (x amperes) and whether
At least the first numerical value (i.e. x amperes or higher) is provided with minimum duration.
Particularly, the method is suitable for the first operation in motor vehicle and/or suitable for the dress
It sets and carries out functional test after having carried out assembly.But the method can also be after the cold start of internal combustion engine (in motor vehicle
Conventional operation in) execute.Such as the method can also the internal combustion engine of motor vehicle every time bring into operation in execute.By
This, can during production described device or motor vehicle or during motor vehicle is using the time (such as cold start it
When being checked afterwards or in the range of Vehicle inspection) check PTC- heating element heating function.In PTC- heating element
On to conductive structure and/or storage freezes/shell of the additive of liquid on thermally conductive connection when there is not defect, heat
By can it is predetermined in a manner of export from PTC- heating element.By PTC- heating element then in previously given minimum time
Interior consumption turn-on current and it is at least partly converted into heat, and PTC- heating element is not up to following high temperature
Degree: current drain numerical value to less than turn-on current are limited since the resistance of PTC- heating element increases at such a temperature.
Due to the monitoring to electric current, then (can also installed in motor vehicle itself or at assembled device
Before in motor vehicle) carry out OBD (onboard diagnostics).It is not needed herein using other sensors.Particularly, it does not need to execute
Individual test method.It according to the method for the present invention especially can be in the range of the conventional operation of described device (i.e. to be directed to
It is common operation and previously given parameter) Lai Zhihang.
The method is particularly advantageous in the following cases: at least one PTC- heating is determined according to step b)
The functional defect (Fehlfunktion) of element.If the turn-on current is during the minimum duration lower than described the
Then there is the functional defect in one numerical value.
If there are multiple PTC- heating elements in described device, especially can be true by the monitoring in step b)
Fixed: whether all PTC- heating elements (such as defined) of described device are all working.
Parameters described below can be used for example:
First x:10 amperes of numerical value, especially between 5 amperes and 15 amperes；
Y:12 volts, 24 volts or 48 volts of operating voltage, especially between 12 volts and 48 volts；
Minimum duration z:5 seconds, especially between 10 seconds and 30 seconds.
It is advantageously improved scheme according to one kind, the method includes at least the additional step after step b):
C) check whether continuously provided electric current during the testing time since step a)；And then
D) check the testing time (a second) according to step a) process later whether provide at least one second
The operating current of numerical value (at least b amperes), wherein being applicable in: the testing time (a) > minimum duration (z).
Particularly advantageously, when the operating current is lower than the second value, according to step d) conclude it is described at least
The heat derives of one PTC- heating element are defective.
In another implementation modification of the method, when the operating current is less than b amperes of second value,
At least one in following defects in described device is concluded according to step d):
The defective thermally conductive connection of at least one PTC- heating element of-described device；
The defective thermally conductive connection of at least one conductive structure of-described device；With
- in the conductive structure of described device or crackle in shell.
This is to the non-poor of " by heat not fully the derived possible reason from least one PTC- heating element "
It enumerates to the greatest extent.It can be interrupted by the crackle in the conductive structure or shell or hinder through the conductive structure or lead to
The export that shell carries out heat is crossed, because being interrupted by the shell or by the hot-fluid of the conductive structure.Due to
The defective connection of the conductive structure or at least one PTC- heating element, can be since in described component, (PTC- adds
Thermal element, conductive structure or shell) between thermal transfer surface on hot-fluid interruption and damage heat from least one PTC-
It is exported at heating element.
Step c) and d) be extension functional test.Herein check: whether also after the longer duration to
Generated heat has carried out sufficient export in PTC- heating element.Here, the precondition about step d) is according to step
It is rapid c) to check and determine: continuously to consume one (in the case where since step a) without interrupting) by PTC- heating element
(> 0 ampere of electric current；Especially > b amperes).For step d), a testing time is determined, wherein being applicable in: the testing time > most
The small duration.The testing time starts according to step a) with the offer of the turn-on current.In the testing time
Process after, determine the operating current that is consumed by PTC- heating element, and itself and previously given second value are carried out
Compare.The second value of the operating current is indicated with " b " herein.If the work during testing time
Electric current is b amperes minimum, then between PTC- heating element and conductive structure or PTC- heating element and shell --- institute
State tied ice/additive of liquid is stored in the shell --- between thermally conductive connection just meet the function of defined
Can, wherein the function of defined is especially effective herein and enduringly exports heat.In order to meet the function, it is especially desirable to appropriate
Ground design is connected to by the connection that conductive structure is connected at least one PTC- heating element and/or by the shell of described device
On at least one PTC- heating element or the connection that is connected on conductive structure.When the function is obtained such as defined
When meeting, there is no need to the component is repaired or replaced.
Such as parameters described below can be used for step c) and d):
Testing time a: between 100 seconds and 480 seconds, especially 300 seconds；
Operating current b: between 4 amperes and 10 amperes, especially 6 amperes.
Special provision: for the method, acquisition and/or the previously given reference value for identified parameter,
Thus can be in a simple manner to described device (also in motor vehicle in terms of the heating function of at least one PTC- heating element
Outside, i.e., in the inside of experimental provision) checked.First number of the current strength of the parameter especially turn-on current
Minimum duration, testing time, the operating current of value, operating voltage, the consumption turn-on current.
Particularly, in the method at least one of for step b) and d) for consider described device at least one
Running parameter, wherein described device includes following running parameters:
The temperature of (having tied ice) liquid additive；
The environment temperature of described device；
The temperature of at least one PTC- heating element；
(electric current consumed after connecting the pump by the pump, the electric current make it possible to push away the starting current of pump
It is disconnected go out additive --- i.e. such as liquid or the additive of having tied ice --- states of matter)；
It the use of the numerical value of the fluid level of liquid additive determined by final in tank (Tank) and is connecing
Lead to and continuously runs at least one PTC- heating element later to the heating energy provided by least one PTC- heating element
Measure the determination of [joule].
Can especially continuously or respectively at least step b) and d) before or obtain the work ginseng at the same time
Several numerical value.The temperature of the liquid additive is especially determined in the inside of the tank of described device.The environment temperature is to institute
State the influential environment of device temperature (temperature i.e. in following regions of motor vehicle, described device arrange in this region；
The temperature of the environment arranges device used to perform the method in this context；Deng).The PTC- heating element
Temperature can determine directly on PTC- heating element or indirectly by conductive structure or current drain.
Particularly, using being capable of providing power supply of the maximum electric power less than 200 watts.Preferably, electric current source of supply is most
Big electrical power is between 72 watts and 144 watts.This corresponds in the case where available voltage is 12 volts at 6 amperes
And the maximum available electric current between 12 amperes.At least one PTC- heating element is preferably designed in this way, and allows to benefit
Introduced method is executed with the power supply with given maximum electric power.
Especially it is possible that: at least one of numerical value x, y, z, a and b for being previously mentioned are adjusted according to the temperature.This
Outside, at least one of the numerical value x, y, z, a and b can be adjusted according to environment temperature.Furthermore, it is possible to according at least one
The temperature of PTC- heating element adjusts at least one of the numerical value x, y, z, a and b.
It is further recommended that a kind of for providing the device of liquid additive, which has at least one PTC- heating unit
Part, the PTC- heating element are arranged for making the liquid additive for having tied ice in described device to melt, wherein described device
It is connect with monitoring unit, which is suitable for carrying out method according to the present invention.
The particular advantage and design feature described in conjunction with the method introduced can be used in a similar way and be covered
It uses on introduced device.It is special that same situation is suitable for described particular advantage and design below described device
Sign, the particular advantage and design feature of described device, which can be used in a similar way and be covered, to be used in introduced method.
Described device is preferably as assembly unit in tank.Described device preferably has shell and is arranged in the tank
Pot bottom at.Described device especially has suction position, can extract liquid additive from the tank at the suction position
(especially aqueous solution of urea).In addition to this, described device preferably has pipe joint, and use can be connected on the pipe joint
In the feeding pipe of offer liquid additive.In general, channel extends to pipe joint by described device from the suction position.
It is disposed with pump in the channel, the liquid additive can be conveyed using the pump.Described device is heated with multiple PTC-
Element.The PTC- heating element is connected on the shell of described device using the conductive structure.Described in the tank
The liquid additive has an initial volume around device.The PTC- heating element is arranged for through described device
Shell melts the liquid additive in initial volume.The conductive structure preferably sticks on the shell in large area thus
On, so as to effectively be heated to the liquid in tank by means of at least one PTC- heating element.The PTC- heating
Element (and usually there are also the pumps of described device) supplies electric current and voltage by electric lead by the power supply of described device.It is surrounding
A filter is optionally also arranged in the outside of the shell, which limits the initial volume between the filter and shell
And the suction position is covered, to carry out using the filter to it when extracting liquid additive at the tank
Filter.Another coarse filter is arranged in the outside around the shell and optionally in the outside of the filter, the coarse filtration
Device can prevent the damage caused by filter.Liquid additive inside tank (outside coarse filter) has a temperature.
The temperature is the running parameter of described device, which can take in when implementing the method.
For the method introduced and the device introduced particularly importantly by described device at least one
PTC- heating element is connected on the conductive structure of described device.This connection can be in particular by means of the step for the method introduced
It is rapid d) extremely efficient to check.
It is further recommended that a kind of motor vehicle, which has internal combustion engine, is purified for the exhaust gas to internal combustion engine
Emission-control equipment and according to the present invention for for the emission-control equipment providing the device of liquid additive.
It is preferably arranged with SCR- catalyst converter in the emission-control equipment, can implement to select using the SCR- catalyst converter
Property catalytic reduction method.The device introduced is preferably attached on feeding pipe.The feeding pipe leads to feedway, utilizes the confession
Liquid additive can be conveyed to emission-control equipment to device.The feedway preferably has nozzle and/or spray thus
Emitter, wherein the nozzle (when necessary by means of pressure medium, such as air) makes liquid additive quilt in emission-control equipment
Subtly atomisation can distribute the dosage of liquid additive using the injector.The injector for example can be electricity
The valve of opening and closing.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention and technological accumulation and inheritance are elaborated by attached drawing below.Attached drawing shows particularly preferred embodiment,
But the present invention is not limited to these particularly preferred embodiments.Particularly, it is noted that attached drawing and especially institute
The size ratio shown is only schematical.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the motor vehicle with described device,
Fig. 2 shows the tanks with described device, and
Fig. 3 shows current/voltage chart and time chart.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows motor vehicle 16, which has internal combustion engine 17, purifies for the exhaust gas 19 to internal combustion engine 17
Emission-control equipment 18.SCR- catalyst converter is provided in the emission-control equipment 18 as waste gas purification element 21.?
It is disposed with feedway (Zugabevorrichtung) 20 at the emission-control equipment 18, can be incited somebody to action using the feedway
Liquid additive 3 is conveyed to waste gas purification element 21.The feedway 20 by described device 2 via feeding pipe 22 provide Lai
From the liquid additive 3 of tank 23.The liquid additive 3 has a temperature 34, which is for example marked on the tank herein
In 23.Described device 2 is arranged in an environment (such as near tank for gaseous or liquid substances of motor vehicle), wherein the environment has a ring
Border temperature 35, the environment temperature are for example marked in the outside of the tank 23 herein.Furthermore PTC- is disposed in described device 2 to add
Thermal element (is not shown here), which is connected by electric lead 4 with power supply 5.Described device 2 and monitoring unit
15 are connected.
Fig. 2 shows tank 23 in side view, and described device 2 is as assembly unit in the tank.Described device 2 has
There is a shell 26 and is arranged at the pot bottom 27 of the tank 23.Described device 2 has suction position 29, in the suction position
Place can extract liquid additive 3 (especially aqueous solution of urea) from the tank 23.In addition to this, described device 2 has pipeline
Connector 28 can connect on the pipe joint for providing the feeding pipe 22 of liquid additive 3.Channel 36 is from the suction
Position 29 extends to pipe joint 28 by described device 2.It is disposed with pump 25 in the channel 36, can be conveyed using the pump
The liquid additive 3.Described device 2 has multiple PTC- heating elements 1.The PTC- heating element 1 utilizes described thermally conductive
Structure 24 is connected on the shell 26 of described device 2.The liquid additive 3 has around described device 2 in the tank 23
There is an initial volume.The PTC- heating element 1 is arranged for making the liquid in initial volume by the shell 26 of described device 2
State additive 3 melts.The PTC- heating element 1 (and described pump 25) is supplied by the power supply 5 of described device 2 by electric lead 4
Electric current 10 and voltage 31.A filter 30 is optionally also arranged in the outside around the shell 26, described in which limits
Initial volume between filter 30 and shell 26 and the suction position 29 is covered, thus from extracting solution at the tank 23
It is filtered using the filter 30 when state additive 3.In the outside around the shell 26 and in the filtering
The outside of device 30 optionally arranges that another coarse filter 32, the coarse filter can be prevented to damage caused by filter 30.?
The liquid additive 3 of 23 inside (outside coarse filter 32) of tank has a temperature 34.The temperature 34 is the work of described device 2
Parameter 14, the running parameter can take in when implementing the method.
Fig. 3 shows current/voltage chart and time chart.Electric current 10 and voltage 31 are depicted on longitudinal axis, in horizontal axis
On depict the time 33.Added by power supply 5 to PTC- in the case where operating voltage 8 (for example, 12 volts) at the time of determining
Thermal element 1 provides the turn-on current 6 (step a)) with the first numerical value 7 (such as 10 amperes).According to for PTC- heating unit
Whether part 1 carries out the step b) monitoring of the method for functional test: providing in the minimum duration 9 of z seconds (such as 10 seconds)
Turn-on current 6.If it is not the case, then there may be the connection defects on PTC- heating element 1 to conductive structure 24.In
It is described device 2 to be checked or be repaired.But in current chart it has been more than the minimum duration 9, then
It is considered that between the PTC- heating element 1 and conductive structure 24 or described device 2 shell 26 and conductive structure
There is the thermally conductive connection for giving full play to function between 24.
It is checked according to the step c) of the method: whether continuously being provided since providing turn-on current 6 (step a))
Electric current 10.If it is the case, then checking in the step d): after the process of testing time 11 (such as 300 seconds it
Afterwards, calculated from the turn-on current 6 is provided), if it provides with 37 operating current 12 of at least one second value, this
Two numerical value are at least b amperes (such as 6 amperes).I.e. if after continuous current drain (step c)) and in the testing time
The operating current 12 less than b amperes is consumed by PTC- heating element after 11 process, then it is same to can consider: PTC- heating
There may be defects for connection on element 1 to conductive structure 24.Also in this case, added by conductive structure 24 from PTC-
It is also insufficient that thermal element 1, which exports heat to liquid additive 3, so that the temperature 34 of PTC- heating element 1 rises rapidly
It is high.But with the raising of the temperature of PTC- heating element 1 34, resistance also increases, so that being consumed by PTC- heating element
Electric current 10 reduce.But in current chart, PTC- heating element 1 consumes greatly after the process of testing time 11
In b amperes of operating current 12, so as to think: between the PTC- heating element 1 and conductive structure 24 or in institute
State the thermally conductive connection for existing between the shell 26 of device 2 and conductive structure 24 and giving full play to function.
It can particularly advantageously run for providing the device of liquid additive through the invention.Particularly, it is led described
Functional test can be carried out to the thermally conductive connection of PTC- heating element 1 at heat structure 24 and/or shell 26.It is possible thereby to determine:
Subsequent improvement or repairing (may also replace to described device) whether are needed when necessary.
List of numerals:
1 PTC- heating element
2 devices
3 liquid additives
4 electric leads
5 power supplys
6 turn-on currents
7 first numerical value
8 operating voltages
9 minimum durations
10 electric currents
11 testing times
12 operating currents
14 running parameters
15 monitoring units
16 motor vehicles
17 internal combustion engines
18 emission-control equipments
19 exhaust gas
20 feedways
21 waste gas purification elements
22 feeding pipes
23 tanks
24 conductive structures
25 pumps
26 shells
27 pot bottoms
28 pipe joints
29 suction positions
30 filters
31 voltages
32 coarse filters
33 times
34 temperature
35 environment temperatures
36 channels
37 second values
Claims (8)
1. method of the one kind for carrying out functional test at least one PTC- heating element (1), the PTC- heating element peace
In the device (2) for providing liquid additive (3), wherein at least one described PTC- heating element (1) passes through conductance
Line (4) is connect with power supply (5), and the method includes at least following step:
The turn-on current (6) for having the first numerical value (7) a) is provided in the case where predetermined operating voltage (8)；And so
Afterwards
B) whether monitoring provides the turn-on current (6) with the first numerical value (7) in minimum duration (9), wherein described
Minimum duration (9) minimum 5 seconds.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, being wherein lower than during the turn-on current (6) is in minimum duration (9)
When the first numerical value (7), the functional defect of at least one PTC- heating element (1) is determined according to step b).
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, the method includes at least the additional step after step b)
It is rapid:
C) check whether continuously provided electric current (10) during testing time (11) since step a)；And so
Afterwards
D) check whether provide after the process of the testing time (11) according to step a) at least one second value
(37) operating current (12), wherein being applicable in: the testing time (11) > minimum duration (9).
4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein, when the operating current (12) are lower than the second value, according to
Step d) concludes that the heat derives of at least one PTC- heating element (1) are defective.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein, when the operating current (12) are lower than the second value (37),
At least one in following defects in described device (2) is concluded according to step d):
The defective thermally conductive connection of at least one PTC- heating element (1) of-described device (2)；
The defective thermally conductive connection of at least one conductive structure (24) of-described device (2)；With
- in the conductive structure (24) of described device (2) or crackle in shell (26).
6. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein, at least one of for the step b) and d) for, it is contemplated that it is described
At least one running parameter (14) of device (2), wherein described device (2) has following running parameters (14):
The temperature (34) of the liquid additive (3)；
The environment temperature (35) of described device (2)；
The temperature (34) of at least one PTC- heating element (1).
7. for providing the device (2) of liquid additive (3), which has at least one PTC- heating element (1), the PTC-
Heating element is arranged for making the liquid additive (3) of the icing in described device (2) to melt, wherein described device (2) with
Monitoring unit (15) connection, the monitoring unit are suitable for carrying out method according to any of the preceding claims.
8. motor vehicle (16), which has internal combustion engine (17), for what is purified to the exhaust gas (19) of internal combustion engine (17)
Emission-control equipment (18) and it is according to claim 7 for for the emission-control equipment (18) provide liquid addition
The device (2) of agent (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014107863.2A DE102014107863A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2014-06-04 | Method for functional testing of at least one PTC heating element |
| DE102014107863.2 | 2014-06-04 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/062291 WO2015185569A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-06-02 | Method for checking the function of at least one ptc heating element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106460615A CN106460615A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106460615B true CN106460615B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
Family
ID=53398060
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580029693.XA Pending CN106460614A (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-06-02 | Device for providing a liquid additive |
| CN201580029694.4A Active CN106460615B (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-06-02 | Method for carrying out functional test at least one PTC- heating element |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580029693.XA Pending CN106460614A (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-06-02 | Device for providing a liquid additive |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US10590821B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP3152423B1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP2017523337A (en) |
| KR (2) | KR20160145736A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN106460614A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014107863A1 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2015185568A1 (en) |
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| KR101647959B1 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-08-23 | 현담산업 주식회사 | Heating structure, manufacturing method thereof and pump module having the same |
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| DE102016209832B4 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2022-09-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and control unit for checking a dosing system for an additive that solidifies at low ambient temperatures, in particular for the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine |
| KR101770376B1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-09-05 | 주식회사 코아비스 | Urea solution pump module |
| DE102016121684A1 (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-05-17 | Dbk David + Baader Gmbh | Heating module for a melting tank, and melting tank with the heating module |
| DE102017217819A1 (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-11 | Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Liquid container for a motor vehicle |
| CN111512028B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2022-06-03 | 全耐塑料高级创新研究公司 | Vehicle suction system |
| DE102018216929A1 (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Heating device for installation in a vehicle tank for reducing agent and vehicle tank |
| IT201900001745A1 (en) * | 2019-02-06 | 2020-08-06 | Eltek Spa | Semi-finished product of electric heater device, electric heater device, and methods of realization |
| CN111894703A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | System for unfreezing exhaust gas treatment fluid of engine and liquid level monitoring method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015185568A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
| KR20160145736A (en) | 2016-12-20 |
| CN106460614A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| US20170191392A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
| KR20160140946A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| DE102014107863A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
| JP2017516948A (en) | 2017-06-22 |
| JP2017523337A (en) | 2017-08-17 |
| EP3152423A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| EP3152422A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| JP6239158B2 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
| KR101902673B1 (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN106460615A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| US10590821B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 |
| US20170107881A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
| EP3152423B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
| WO2015185569A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
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