CN106453109A - Network-on-chip communication method and network-on-chip router - Google Patents
Network-on-chip communication method and network-on-chip router Download PDFInfo
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- CN106453109A CN106453109A CN201610971499.XA CN201610971499A CN106453109A CN 106453109 A CN106453109 A CN 106453109A CN 201610971499 A CN201610971499 A CN 201610971499A CN 106453109 A CN106453109 A CN 106453109A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/60—Router architectures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
- G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
- G06F15/163—Interprocessor communication
- G06F15/173—Interprocessor communication using an interconnection network, e.g. matrix, shuffle, pyramid, star, snowflake
- G06F15/17306—Intercommunication techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
- G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
- G06F15/163—Interprocessor communication
- G06F15/173—Interprocessor communication using an interconnection network, e.g. matrix, shuffle, pyramid, star, snowflake
- G06F15/17306—Intercommunication techniques
- G06F15/17312—Routing techniques specific to parallel machines, e.g. wormhole, store and forward, shortest path problem congestion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
- H04L45/745—Address table lookup; Address filtering
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Abstract
The invention relates to a network-on-chip communication method and a network-on-chip router. The method comprises: any local router of a network-on-chip unit receives a microchip sent by an upstream router and downstream virtual channel information and congestion information that are fed back by a downstream router; an output direction of arriving at the downstream router by the microchip is calculated based on the congestion information; the virtual channel information fed back by the downstream router is recorded; virtual channel information and congestion information are fed back to the upstream router; an output request of the microchip is arbitrated by combining the virtual channel state of the downstream router; for microchips having authorization, a to-be-sent microchip is formed by combining the virtual channel information and output direction of arriving at the downstream router; and the microchip is outputted to the downstream router through an output port designated by the output direction. The method provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the design complexity of the router is reduced; and the network-on-chip communication efficiency and performance are improved during the data transmission process by using a special request shielding technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to on-chip multi-processor and system-on-chip technology field, mainly for the method for designing of network-on-chip,
The more particularly to a kind of network-on-chip communication means of low delay and router.
Background technology
The progress of semiconductor technology is caused can be with integrated more IP on single SoC.However, this interconnection to IP in piece
Cause new problem.Traditional interconnection mode based on shared bus form lacks motility when in the face of large-scale ip interconnection
And extensibility.In order to alleviate these restrictions, the concept of network-on-chip (NoC) is suggested.Data processing is led to by NoC with data
Letter part keeps apart, and also supports the modularized design of enhanced scalability, and this causes it to become multi-processor core and other modules
Between a kind of very promising interconnection structure.Similar with computer network system, NoC be also required for router managing and
Distribution data flow.Therefore, the major function of a NoC router is exactly the packet for receiving to be sent to suitable output lead to
Road.
Functionally, the data processing in NoC router generally requires 4 stages：
Stage 1：Router-level topology
Route computing unit selects a suitable output port according to the routing algorithm for adopting for packet.The step is only
First microplate (the head microplate of packet) is had to need to execute this stage.As long as the subsequent microplate for being subordinated to the packet is simple
The port for inheriting selection just.
Stage 2：Virtual Channel distributes
Virtual Channel allocation unit needs to solve multiple data microplates while same empty logical in output port selected by contention
The problem in road, the available Virtual Channel of each output port is distributed to the microplate for waiting in router input-buffer for it.With route
Calculation stages identical is that the step also only needs a microplate to complete.
Stage 3：Cross bar switch distributes
Once a microplate has been assigned to output port and output Virtual Channel, it just has an opportunity to participate in cross bar switch distribution.
Cross bar switch allocation unit act as switching the responsibility of scheduler, send out the microplate for being buffered in router input to timesharing
Go.In the process, cross bar switch allocation unit needs to solve multiple microplates while the conflict of the same output port of contention.
Stage 4：Switch traversal
After the response for obtaining cross bar switch allocation unit, corresponding data microplate just can pass through in next cycle
Cross bar switch reaches output port, and continues to complete transmitting procedure in a network.
From structure, NoC router generally by input port and routing calculation module, Virtual Channel allotter, intersect out
Close allotter and cross bar switch and output port composition.
Input port is buffered in input Virtual Channel for receiving microplate, then transmit a request to allocation unit.Root
According to the routing algorithm for adopting, routing calculation module determines the outbound course of the microplate.After router-level topology is completed, due to
Virtual Channel allotter is transmit a request to, Virtual Channel allotter can distribute an idle Virtual Channel to the microplate.If be distributed into
Work(, another request can be sent to cross bar switch allotter.After the response for obtaining cross bar switch allotter, cross bar switch meeting
Configuration is carried out automatically so that specifying microplate to be transferred to target port.In order to transmit a request to allocation unit, it is necessary to understand next stage
The Virtual Channel state of router.Therefore, there is an enumerator that can track output Virtual Channel buffer status in output port module.
Virtual Channel allotter is made up of two instance arbitration device, and in first order arbitration phase, arbitration is used for from specified downstream port
In select an output Virtual Channel in available Virtual Channel list.Its arbitration result is that each input in each input port is empty
Request of the passage to single output Virtual Channel, so multiple input Virtual Channels may ask same output Virtual Channel simultaneously.The
Each moderator of two grades of moderators selects an input Virtual Channel empty logical using the downstream according to the result of first order moderator
Road.Consideration has P port, and there is V Virtual Channel each port, then first order arbitration needs P × V V:1 moderator, second
Level arbitration needs P × V PV:1 moderator.So, the complexity of this Virtual Channel moderator is very high, and is highly dependent on
The port of router and Virtual Channel number.
Cross bar switch allotter is also made up of two instance arbitration device, and first order moderator includes P V:1 moderator, the second level
Moderator includes P P:1 moderator.Each moderator in first order moderator receives V Virtual Channel in the input block
Request, select Virtual Channel from V Virtual Channel using the input port of cross bar switch.Each in the moderator of the second level
Moderator is responsible for from the multiple requests for asking same output port, select a use defeated according to the arbitration result of the first order
Exit port.
Data transfer between router typically adopts fiduciary flow-control mechanism, and each o controller is comprising V
Credit enumerator.Remaining space in each credit counter records downstream Virtual Channel internal inner ring.Logical to the void every time
When road sends a data microplate, enumerator subtracts 1.After o controller receives the credit of return, enumerator adds 1.Meter
When number device is zero, forbid sending data microplate.
As described above, packet needs four clock cycle when conventional router, internetwork jumping figure is added, this meeting
Cause communication delay.And the key modules that allotter is designed as whole NoC, performance and the resource expenditure of router is determined,
Especially Virtual Channel allotter, its circuit structure complexity, with higher critical path time delay.In addition, logical using traditional void
Road allotter, although the multiple Virtual Channels that can distribute in single downstream input port within a clock cycle simultaneously, but
A data microplate can only be had to export to an output port, this means that while distributing the distribution side of multiple downstream Virtual Channels
Formula does not have any lifting to the performance of system.
In Virtual Channel use, the defect of traditional design is that a Virtual Channel can only be stored and is subordinated to same data
The microplate of bag, that is to say, that as long as being stored with data microplate in certain Virtual Channel of router, even if which also has vacant storage
Space can not receive new packet microplate, unique situation that Virtual Channel can be used be exactly when it is entirely empty.
So, this can cause caching utilization rate low so that under high load condition, communication delay increases.It is another that conventional router design is present
One defect is：As long as having data microplate in Virtual Channel will initiate output request, as the request does not account for downstream road
By the Virtual Channel situation of device, even if be finally obtained output authority being also possible to because downstream router Virtual Channel is occupied and nothing
Method output data, causes request failure, so as to waste system resource, increased system delay.Therefore, how to reduce microplate warp
The delay of individual router is crossed, optimizes router storage resource, the performance for improving network is that those skilled in the art extremely pay close attention to
Technical problem.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of network-on-chip communication means of low delay and router, solve existing route
The shortcoming that device transmission delay is longer, Virtual Channel utilization rate is low, while the design complexities of router are reduced, specifically by with lower section
Case is realized：
The communication means of the network-on-chip router, including：Arbitrary local router of network-on-chip is received from upper
The microplate of trip router transmission and downstream Virtual Channel information and the congestion information of downstream router feedback, using the congestion information meter
The outbound course that microplate reaches downstream router is calculated, the Virtual Channel information of the downstream router to feeding back is recorded, while
The Virtual Channel information of itself and congestion information are fed back to upstream router, and the Virtual Channel state with reference to downstream router, right
Microplate output request is arbitrated, and the microplate for winning mandate combines the Virtual Channel information and outbound course shape for reaching downstream router
Become microplate to be sent, output port of the microplate specified by outbound course is exported to downstream router.
As methods described, a kind of network-on-chip router is provided, including:
The individual Virtual Channel module of P (quantity of P can be configured according to network topology structure), each Virtual Channel module is received to be come
Virtual Channel number that microplate, microplate from upstream router is stored, microplate reach downstream router after outbound course, downstream void
Channel number and output request response signal, microplate is temporarily stored into the corresponding Virtual Channel of Virtual Channel module according to local Virtual Channel number
In, and according to the output request response signal for being received, read the microplate for meeting output condition and with downstream outbound course, downstream
Virtual Channel number restructuring constitutes new microplate to be sent.
P input port module, each input port module is corresponding with a Virtual Channel module, receives and parses through from upper
The microplate of trip router, the local Virtual Channel number in microplate, downstream Virtual Channel number and downstream outbound course are sent to corresponding
Virtual Channel module, sends Virtual Channel state more new signal, microplate destination address, current outbound course, microplate output request signal
With corresponding request output port, output request response signal, downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel status information, root is received
Microplate output request is differentiated according to the downstream Virtual Channel status information for receiving, shielding is unsatisfactory for the output request of output condition, root
The corresponding Virtual Channel of Virtual Channel module is authorized to send microplate according to the request response for receiving.
P advanced routing calculation module, each advanced routing calculation module is corresponding with an input port module, receives
Congestion letter from the destination address information, outbound course information and downstream router feedback of corresponding input port module transmission
Breath, calculates outbound course of the microplate in downstream router in conjunction with above- mentioned information and sends the outbound course to input port
Module.
1 output Virtual Channel block of state, reception downstream router Virtual Channel information and each input port module send
Virtual Channel state updating information, is updated to the Virtual Channel state of downstream router and by the downstream Virtual Channel state after renewal
Input port module is fed back to, while downstream congestion is generated according to each input port Virtual Channel state of the downstream router that detects
Feedback of the information is to upstream router.
1 cross bar switch distribute module, microplate output request signal and request output that receives input port module sends
Port information, arbitrates to each output request, sends output request and responds to obtain the input port for authorizing, while will output
Port assignment information is sent to cross switch module.
1 cross bar switch, connects downstream router with P output port, receives cross bar switch distribute module and is sent
Output port distribution information, and corresponding input, output port are connected according to the information.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, (quantity of V can root comprising V for each Virtual Channel module
Limit according to router performance and hardware spending and configured) individual Virtual Channel and 1 microplate recombination module, microplate recombination module receives
By downstream outbound course and the downstream Virtual Channel number of corresponding input port module transmission, when microplate obtains output request response,
The microplate for obtaining output mandate is reconstituted one with reference to downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel information by microplate recombination module
Individual new microplate to be sent.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the input port module includes 1 microplate parsing
Module, V (quantity of V is consistent with the Virtual Channel quantity in Virtual Channel module) individual microplate output control module and V request shielding
Module, the microplate parsing module receives the microplate of upstream router transmission and the microplate is parsed, and obtains comprising local
Virtual Channel number, microplate mark, the parsing information of microplate destination address and outbound course, and local Virtual Channel number is sent to correspondence
Virtual Channel module, local Virtual Channel number, microplate head, tail tag are known and the parsing information of outbound course is sent to corresponding microplate output
Control module, the parsing information of microplate destination address and outbound course is sent routing calculation module advanced to correspondence, Mei Yiwei
Piece output control module also receives the downstream outbound course information that the advanced routing calculation module of correspondence sends, microplate output control mould
Block sends downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel number to corresponding Virtual Channel module, when router has microplate to transmit, needs to defeated
Go out Virtual Channel block of state and downstream Virtual Channel state updating information is sent, upstream router sends Virtual Channel information, request screen
Cover module to screen microplate output request according to the downstream Virtual Channel state fed back by output Virtual Channel block of state, to not
The microplate output request for meeting condition is shielded, and the microplate to meeting output condition exports request and then distributes mould to cross bar switch
Block sends output request signal and corresponding output port, and cross bar switch distribute module please by output after arbitrating to output request
Response signal is asked to feed back to microplate output control module.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the input port module includes microplate output control
Module, output information selecting module and request shroud module, the microplate output control module receives upstream router transmission
Microplate is simultaneously processed to the microplate, obtains Virtual Channel number, the destination address of microplate and outbound course, and Virtual Channel state is updated
Signal is sent to output Virtual Channel block of state, output Virtual Channel block of state by the downstream Virtual Channel state after renewal send to
Microplate output control module and formed requesting state information be transferred to ask shroud module, request shroud module according to current downstream
Virtual Channel state differentiates, the microplate to being unsatisfactory for condition exports request and shields, to meeting to the output request of microplate
The microplate of output condition to cross bar switch distribute module send output request and output port information, cross bar switch distribute module to
The feedback microplate output request response of microplate output control module, output information selecting module receives one group of downstream outbound course
With downstream Virtual Channel number, and single downstream outbound course is decomposed into and downstream Virtual Channel number is sent to corresponding Virtual Channel module and enters
Row microplate is recombinated.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the output Virtual Channel block of state is included at state
Reason module, output Virtual Channel state detection module and state output module, the state detection module receives downstream Virtual Channel letter
Cease and as local input port microplate sends caused downstream Virtual Channel state updating information, the void of downstream router is led to
Road state is updated and output Virtual Channel state is sent respectively to status processing module and state output module, state processing
Module processes the Virtual Channel state updating information formation state selection signal for receiving first and is sent to state output module, then
Virtual Channel status information to receiving is carried out integrating and generates congestion information, and transmits this information to upstream router, state
Output module produces one group of downstream router Virtual Channel according to the downstream Virtual Channel status information for receiving and state selection signal
Status information.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the output Virtual Channel block of state is included at state
Reason and distribution module, congestion information processing module and output Virtual Channel state detection module, the output Virtual Channel state-detection
The downstream Virtual Channel state that module causes after receiving downstream router Virtual Channel information and the transmission of local input port microplate updates
Information, is updated and will update later group output Virtual Channel state and give state processing to the Virtual Channel state of downstream router
With distribution module, state processing is with distribution module while receive the downstream Virtual Channel shape for causing after local input port microplate sends
State fresh information, produces downstream router Virtual Channel status information and local congestion information, and congestion information is at congestion information
Reason module, congestion information is fed back to upstream, and Virtual Channel status information is sent to input port to ask as shielding microplate output
The discrimination standard that asks.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the advanced routing calculation module, including local road
By device address module, downstream router address calculation module and self adaptation routing calculation module, local router address mould
Block provides local router address, the downstream router provided by downstream router address calculation module with reference to input port module
Outbound course information, calculates the address that microplate is sent to downstream router, and the address is sent to self adaptation router-level topology mould
Block, microplate destination address and downstream router address that self adaptation routing calculation module is sent according to input port module, meter
The optional output port that microplate reaches downstream router is calculated, and with downstream congestion information alternatively standard, determines that microplate is arrived
Reach the outbound course of downstream router.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the advanced routing calculation module, including route meter
Module, local router address module and congestion information selecting module is calculated, the congestion information selecting module receives downstream route
The downstream congestion information that device sends, and send after the information is processed to routing calculation module, routing calculation module also connects
Receive microplate outbound course and mesh that the local router address of local router address module transmission and input port module send
Address information, calculate microplate reach downstream router after optimal outbound course.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the cross bar switch distribute module is included by P V:1
Moderator composition first order arbitration unit and by P P-1:The second level arbitration unit of 1 moderator composition, first order arbitration is single
The output request sent to the microplate in V Virtual Channel in each input port module by unit is arbitrated, and is authorized excellent
Victory Virtual Channel temporarily obtains the authority of output, as these winning Virtual Channels may ask same output port simultaneously, therefore
The request of these winning Virtual Channels will be arbitrated again as the input of second level arbitration unit request, and arbitration obtains final excellent
Victory request channel, the result feeds back to as output request response signal and obtains finally winning that input port module and right
The Virtual Channel module that answers.
The design further of described network-on-chip router is, the cross bar switch is by P P-1:1 multi-path choice
Device constitutes, and cross bar switch gates a certain road in MUX, by input port and output port according to port assignment signal
Connect.
Advantages of the present invention
The network-on-chip router of the present invention only needs two clock cycle just can complete data transfer, to input port
Module, advanced routing calculation module, output Virtual Channel block of state, cross bar switch distribute module and cross bar switch are set respectively
Meter and delay Optimization, solve the shortcoming that existing route device transmission delay is longer, Virtual Channel utilization rate is low, while reducing route
The design complexities of device, improve the communication efficiency of network-on-chip in data transmission procedure using special request shield technology
And performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the frame diagram of router.
Fig. 2 is the frame diagram of router (another way embodiment).
Fig. 3 is router top-level schematic.
Fig. 4 is the communication scheme of two routers.
Fig. 5 is multiple router communication schematic diagrams.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of Virtual Channel module.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of Virtual Channel module (another embodiment).
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of input port module.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of input port module (another embodiment).
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for exporting Virtual Channel block of state.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram for exporting Virtual Channel block of state (another embodiment).
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of advanced routing calculation module.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of advanced routing calculation module (another embodiment).
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of cross bar switch distribute module.
Figure 15 is microplate form schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
The communication means of the network-on-chip router of the present embodiment, including：Arbitrary local router of network-on-chip is received
The downstream Virtual Channel information and congestion information of the microplate for sending from upstream router and downstream router feedback, using the congestion
Information calculates the outbound course that microplate reaches downstream router, and the Virtual Channel information of the downstream router to feeding back is remembered
Record, while the Virtual Channel information of itself and congestion information are fed back to upstream router, and the Virtual Channel with reference to downstream router
State, arbitrates to microplate output request, and the microplate for winning mandate combines the Virtual Channel information of downstream router and defeated of reaching
Outgoing direction forms microplate to be sent, and output port of the microplate specified by outbound course is exported to downstream router.
According to said method, the present embodiment provides a kind of network-on-chip router, including:
The individual Virtual Channel module of P (quantity of P can be configured according to network topology structure), each Virtual Channel module is received to be come
The local Virtual Channel number of microplate, microplate from upstream router, microplate reach outbound course signal, downstream void after downstream router
Microplate is temporarily stored into the corresponding empty logical of Virtual Channel module according to local Virtual Channel number by channel number and microplate output request response signal
In road, and according to microplate export request response signal, read meet output condition microplate and with downstream outbound course, downstream void
Channel number restructuring constitutes new microplate to be sent.
P input port module, each input port module is corresponding with a Virtual Channel module, receives and parses through from upper
The microplate of trip router, the local Virtual Channel number in microplate, downstream Virtual Channel number and downstream outbound course are sent to corresponding
Virtual Channel module, sends Virtual Channel state updating information, microplate destination address, current outbound course, microplate output request and phase
The output request port that answers, receives output request response signal, downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel status information, according to connecing
The downstream Virtual Channel status information for receiving differentiates microplate output request, and shielding is unsatisfactory for the output request of output condition, according to connecing
The request response for receiving authorizes the corresponding Virtual Channel of Virtual Channel module to send microplate.
P advanced routing calculation module, each advanced routing calculation module is corresponding with an input port module, receives
Congestion letter from the destination address information, outbound course information and downstream router feedback of corresponding input port module transmission
Breath, calculates outbound course of the microplate in downstream router in conjunction with above- mentioned information and sends the outbound course to input port
Module.
1 output Virtual Channel block of state, reception downstream router Virtual Channel information and each input port module send
Virtual Channel state updating information, is updated to the Virtual Channel state of downstream router and by the downstream Virtual Channel state after renewal
Input port module is fed back to, while downstream congestion is generated according to each input port Virtual Channel state of the downstream router that detects
Feedback of the information is to upstream router.
1 cross bar switch distribute module, the microplate output request signal that receives input port module sends is defeated with request
Exit port information, arbitrates to each output request, sends output request and responds to obtain the input port for authorizing, while will be defeated
Exit port distribution information is sent to cross switch module.
1 cross bar switch, connects downstream router with P output port, receives cross bar switch distribute module and is sent
Output port distribution information, and corresponding input/output port is connected according to the information.
The packet for transmitting in network is made up of multiple microplates, and microplate has three types：Head microplate, load microplate and tail are micro-
Piece, referring to Figure 15.One packet is made up of 1 head microplate, multiple data payload microplates and 1 tail microplate, microplate form with
In the port number of router, the internal Virtual Channel number for arranging and network, the total quantity of router is relevant.Wherein head microplate is by 5 kinds
The field composition of type, is respectively used to represent microplate type (head, tail tag are known), Virtual Channel number, outbound course, source, destination node
Address (X, Y) and unused field；Data microplate and tail microplate are made up of the field of 3 types, are respectively used to represent：Microplate
Type (head, tail tag are known), the load of Virtual Channel data.Wherein, the bit wide of microplate type field is that representing should 2, when taking 10
Microplate is head microplate；When taking 01, represent the microplate for tail microplate；When taking 00, represent the microplate for data microplate.Virtual Channel
Number bit wide is consistent with the Virtual Channel number (V) of router；Outbound course bit wide is logarithm value of the router port number (P) with 2 as bottom,
And round into one when logarithm value is non-whole.The X-direction bit wide and Y-direction bit wide of source router address is depending on two-dimentional network-on-chip
Scale, for example, network-on-chip scale be M × N, then X-direction bit wide be log2M, and round into one when logarithm value is non-whole；Y
Direction bit wide is log2N, and round into one when logarithm value is non-whole.Purpose router address X-direction bit wide and Y-direction bit wide
Obtaining value method is respectively with source router address X-direction bit wide and Y-direction bit wide.Data payload bit wide is variable, is typically set to 32.
In head microplate, the bit wide of unused field deducts outbound course bit wide, source router address X-direction bit wide and Y-direction position for 32
Wide and purpose router address X-direction bit wide and Y-direction bit wide.For example, port number be 5, Virtual Channel number be 4 router shape
Become a two dimension 5x5 (having 25 routers) network-on-chip when, microplate form is as shown in figure 15.In example of the present invention, number
According to 1 potential head flag, 1 tail flag and 4 Virtual Channel positions for 32, are added, the digit of microplate is 38 altogether.Three kinds micro-
In piece, it is Virtual Channel field that highest 2 is microplate type identification position, ensuing 4.Remaining 32, data microplate
It is all data payload position with tail microplate；And 32 of head microplate are main by outbound course field, purpose node address field and source
Node address field constitutes.Port number due to router in the present embodiment is 5, therefore only needs to 3 data bit and represents output
Direction；As network-on-chip X-direction and Y-direction have 5 routers respectively, then each address only needs to 3 data bit；Remaining
17 the present embodiment do not use.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the communication scheme of respectively single, two and multiple routers.Following emphasis knot
Close Fig. 5 to illustrate in microplate transmitting procedure, the co-ordination of data and control signal：Router 3 sends a microplate to route
Device 4, router 4 reads the outbound course of Virtual Channel information in the microplate and microplate in router 4 after the microplate is received
Information, is first according to this Virtual Channel information and microplate is stored in the corresponding Virtual Channel in router 4.
Microplate may proceed to downstream router transmission after being stored in Virtual Channel.Assume the output side for reading just now
To information (outbound course in Fig. 1) for transmitting eastwards, i.e., microplate is transmitted to router 5 after router 4.Before being transmitted,
As the present invention uses advanced route computing method, that is to say, that before the microplate is sent to router 5, i.e., in route
The outbound course (the downstream outbound course signal in Fig. 1) after microplate reaches router 5 is calculated in device 4.On the other hand, carry out
Advanced router-level topology, it is to be understood that congestion state (the i.e. router of 5 periphery of router (router 2, router 6, router 8)
The remaining situation of interior Virtual Channel), this is accomplished by router 5 and the congestion information in these three directions is passed to forward upstream router 4
(namely the congestion information in Fig. 1 is exported to stream signal).
In router 5 output Virtual Channel block of state be exactly for detecting the Virtual Channel state of neighboring router.Citing：
Output Virtual Channel block of state inside router 5 is detecting the Virtual Channel service condition in router 6；When router 5 is past
Router 6 send a microplate when, the Virtual Channel in router 6 will an occupied buffer unit, at this moment in router 5
Output Virtual Channel block of state will upgrade in time this change, this state update be exactly by the Virtual Channel state in Fig. 1
More new signal is completed；Equally, when the microplate for being stored in 6 certain Virtual Channel of router continues to pass downwards, it should also send one
The individual output Virtual Channel block of state for feeding back signal in router 5, for informing in the moment router 6 of router 5 there is one
Individual Virtual Channel buffer unit is released, and the signal is Virtual Channel information output in Fig. 1 to stream signal.
In addition, the microplate being stored in router 4 wants to continue to be sent to router 5, in addition it is also necessary to understand in router 5
Virtual Channel service condition.Virtual Channel only in router 5 is available, and such microplate could be preserved after obtaining output authority
In router 5.Due to the output Virtual Channel block of state in each router can the void of real-time monitoring neighboring router lead to
Road service condition, so router 4 also will appreciate that 5 interior-deficiency channel statuses of router by this module, then exports Virtual Channel
The state (the Virtual Channel status signal in Fig. 1) can be fed back to other modules and use by block of state.
Input port in Virtual Channel module has respective Virtual Channel as shown in Figure 6, includes v in Virtual Channel module
Virtual buffer queue and 1 microplate recombination module.Virtual Channel module on the one hand after the microplate that upstream router is sent is received,
Microplate is put into by corresponding virtual buffer queue according to the Virtual Channel number that input port module is produced；On the other hand opened according to intersection
The microplate that the output request response signal that pass distribute module is sended over is read out in corresponding virtual buffer queue, and it is sent to microplate
Recombination module, the downstream outbound course that sends with input port module and downstream Virtual Channel number constitute one new to be sent micro-
Piece.
The present embodiment additionally provides another embodiment as shown in fig. 7, replacing using the storage queue of FIFO empty
Intend buffer queue, its design principle is identical with the first embodiment, repeats no more.
Such as Fig. 8, each input port module includes 1 Virtual Channel module, 1 microplate parsing module, 1 microplate weight
Group module, V microplate output control module and V request shroud module.Input port module is received and is sent from upstream router
After the microplate for coming over, this microplate is delivered to microplate parsing module and Virtual Channel module respectively.If this microplate is head microplate, by micro-
The readable microplate type that takes out in microplate of piece parsing module, Virtual Channel number, outbound course and destination address information.The microplate according to
Virtual Channel number is put into microplate in corresponding Virtual Channel.Destination address and outbound course are directly output to advanced router-level topology mould
Block.Then, Virtual Channel number, leader are known by microplate parsing module, tail tag knows and outbound course is sent to microplate output control module.If
Microplate is data microplate or tail microplate, then microplate parsing module only parses Virtual Channel number therein.Microplate output control module root
The situation of local corresponding Virtual Channel is taken according to input information record microplate, as long as Virtual Channel such as has at the microplate to be output, is issued by
One microplate request to request shroud module.Meanwhile, microplate output control module send a Virtual Channel state more new signal to
Output Virtual Channel block of state, it is desirable to export Virtual Channel block of state and the Virtual Channel status information after renewal is supplied to request screen
Cover module and microplate output control module.Request shroud module determines whether shielding request according to this information, if not shielding request,
An output request signal and a request output port are then sent to rear class cross bar switch distribute module；If request is shielded,
Then the microplate continues to be buffered in current Virtual Channel.Cross bar switch distribute module arbitration output request signal, and by arbitration result,
Request response signal is exported, feed back to Virtual Channel module and microplate output control module.After obtaining output request response signal,
The microplate for caching in Virtual Channel is sent to microplate recombination module；Meanwhile, microplate output control module send downstream outbound course and
Downstream Virtual Channel number arrives microplate recombination module, and the two signals and microplate collectively form new microplate to be sent；In addition, microplate is defeated
Going out control module needs to be sent to upstream to be updated Virtual Channel state in time Virtual Channel information.If not obtaining after arbitration
Request response signal must be exported, then the microplate also continues to be buffered in current Virtual Channel.For being buffered in this input port which
Microplate in his Virtual Channel, needs also exist for proceeding as described above.
The present embodiment additionally provides another embodiment as shown in figure 9, the input port module includes microplate output control
Molding block, output information selecting module and request shroud module, microplate output control module receives the micro- of upstream router transmission
Piece is simultaneously processed to the microplate, obtains Virtual Channel number, microplate destination address and outbound course, by Virtual Channel state more new signal
Send to output Virtual Channel block of state, output Virtual Channel block of state sends the downstream Virtual Channel state after renewal to microplate
Output control module is simultaneously formed requesting state information and is transferred to ask shroud module, and request shroud module is empty logical according to current downstream
Road state differentiates, the microplate to being unsatisfactory for condition exports request and shields, to meeting output bars to microplate output request
The microplate of part sends output request and output port information to cross bar switch distribute module, and cross bar switch distribute module is defeated to microplate
Go out control module feedback microplate output request response, output information selecting module receives one group of downstream outbound course and downstream is empty logical
Taoist monastic name, and it is decomposed into single downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel number is sent to corresponding Virtual Channel module and carries out microplate weight
Group.
As Figure 10, output Virtual Channel block of state is by 1 status processing module, 1 output Virtual Channel state detection module
Constitute with 1 state output module.First output Virtual Channel state detection module according to the downstream Virtual Channel information for receiving with
The Virtual Channel state of local input port module updates the current state of Virtual Channel in signal record downstream router；Then should
State is separately sent to status processing module and state output module as output Virtual Channel state.Status processing module is according to connecing
The Virtual Channel state more new signal for receiving and output Virtual Channel status signal produce one group of state for being sent to state output module
The congestion information of selection signal and one group of output in congestion information, i.e. Figure 10 of upstream router is exported to stream signal.Examine
Consider when realizing the adaptive routing algorithm module of local advanced routing calculation module and its inside, each router in network
It is required for the congestion condition of neighboring router is collected, and each router in network needs to pass the congestion information that collects again
Defeated realize interconnection resources required for advanced router-level topology, save area cost to reduce to neighboring router, the present invention is carried
A kind of collection as the congestion information for judging outbound course standard and transmission strategy is gone out by the use of congestion information.By local first
Relatively except other port Virtual Channel congestion situations of receiving port in downstream router, using result of the comparison as on be sent to
The final congestion information of trip router, so as to reduce the quantity for needing the congestion signal for being transferred to upstream, reduces line.
Virtual Channel state is returned to this according to state selection signal and output Virtual Channel status signal by state output module
Ground input port module, so that request shroud module therein judges whether shielding request.
The present embodiment additionally provides another embodiment as shown in figure 11, and the output Virtual Channel block of state includes state
Process and distribution module, congestion information processing module and output Virtual Channel state detection module, state detection module receives downstream
The downstream Virtual Channel state updating information that router Virtual Channel information and local input port microplate cause after sending, to downstream road
Be updated by the Virtual Channel state of device and by the downstream router Virtual Channel status information after renewal be sent to state processing with
Distribution module, state processing is received the downstream Virtual Channel state for being sent due to local port caused by microplate and updates with distribution module
Information simultaneously produces downstream router Virtual Channel status information and local congestion information, and congestion information is through congestion information processing module
After feed back to upstream router, Virtual Channel state send to input port using as shielding microplate output request discrimination standard.
As Figure 12, advanced routing calculation module is mainly by downstream router address calculation module and self adaptation router-level topology mould
Block constitutes.Wherein, downstream router address calculation module is according to local router address with local input port module from input
The microplate outbound course for parsing in microplate, calculates the address that the microplate is sent to downstream router, and this is calculated
Address is sent to self adaptation routing calculation module.Self adaptation routing calculation module is receiving the downstream router ground that microplate is sent to
After location, downstream congestion information and destination address, the optional output port that microplate reaches downstream router being calculated first, finally will
The standard of the downstream congestion information for receiving alternatively optimum output port, the optimum port is microplate and reaches downstream route
The outbound course of device.Meanwhile, the outbound course for calculating can be sent to the microplate recombination module in input port module, microplate
Downstream router is together exported after packing.
The present embodiment additionally provides another embodiment as shown in figure 13, and advanced routing calculation module includes router-level topology
Module, local router address module and congestion information selecting module.Congestion information selecting module receives downstream router transmission
Downstream congestion information, and send to routing calculation module after the information is processed.Routing calculation module is also received locally
The local router address information that router address module sends and the microplate outbound course that input port module sends and purpose
Address information, calculates the optimal outbound course after microplate reaches downstream router.
As Figure 14, the major function of cross bar switch distribute module is exactly to arbitrate the output request from each input port module
Signal, has output authority with the microplate that determines which input port module.Conventional referee method have fixed priority moderator,
Poll moderator, fast arbiter and matrix moderator etc..The present invention considers low latency requirements, employs fast arbiter reality
The cross bar switch distribute module being made up of two instance arbitration is showed, as shown in figure 14, the first order is arbitrated by P V:1 moderator constitutes,
The second level is by P P-1:1 moderator constitutes.The output that the first order is initiated to microplate in V Virtual Channel in each input port please
Ask and arbitrated, select the output port asked by winning passage.Then using these winning request output ports as
The input signal of two grades of arbitrations, arbitration result sends back each input port module as output request response signal.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, appoints
What those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its this
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, is all included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of communication means of network-on-chip router, it is characterised in that：Arbitrary local router of network-on-chip is received and
The downstream Virtual Channel information and congestion information of the microplate for sending from upstream router and downstream router feedback, using the congestion letter
Breath calculates the outbound course that microplate reaches downstream router, and the Virtual Channel information of the downstream router to feeding back is recorded,
While the Virtual Channel information of itself and congestion information are fed back to upstream router, and the Virtual Channel shape with reference to downstream router
State, arbitrates to microplate output request, and the microplate for winning mandate combines the Virtual Channel information and output for reaching downstream router
Direction forms microplate to be sent, and output port of the microplate specified by outbound course is exported to downstream router.
2. the network-on-chip router of method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Arbitrary local router of network-on-chip
Including:
The individual Virtual Channel module of P (quantity of P can be configured according to network topology structure), each Virtual Channel module is received from upper
The trip microplate of router, the local Virtual Channel number of microplate, microplate reach outbound course after downstream router, downstream Virtual Channel number and
Microplate exports request response signal, according to local Virtual Channel number, microplate is temporarily stored in the corresponding Virtual Channel of Virtual Channel module, and
According to microplate export request response signal, read meet output condition microplate and with downstream outbound course, downstream Virtual Channel number
Restructuring constitutes new microplate to be sent.
P input port module, each input port module is corresponding with a Virtual Channel module, receives and parses through from upstream road
By the microplate of device, the local Virtual Channel number in microplate, downstream Virtual Channel number and downstream outbound course are sent logical to corresponding void
Road module, sends Virtual Channel state updating information, microplate destination address, current outbound course, microplate output request signal and phase
The request output port that answers, receives output request response signal, downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel status information, according to connecing
The downstream Virtual Channel status information for receiving differentiates microplate output request, and shielding is unsatisfactory for the output request of output condition, according to connecing
The request response for receiving authorizes the corresponding Virtual Channel of Virtual Channel module to send microplate.
The advanced routing calculation module of P, each advanced routing calculation module is corresponding with an input port module, receive from
The congestion information of the destination address information, outbound course information and downstream router feedback of corresponding input port module transmission,
Outbound course of the microplate in downstream router being calculated in conjunction with above- mentioned information and the outbound course is sent to input port mould
Block.
1 output Virtual Channel block of state, the void for receiving downstream router Virtual Channel information and the transmission of each input port module is led to
Road state updating information, is updated to the Virtual Channel state of downstream router and by the downstream Virtual Channel feedback of status after renewal
To input port module, while generating downstream congestion information according to each input port Virtual Channel state of the downstream router that detects
Feed back to upstream router.
1 cross bar switch distribute module, microplate output request signal and request output port that receives input port module sends
Information, arbitrates to each output request, sends output request and responds to obtain the input port for authorizing, while by output port
Distribution information is sent to cross switch module.
1 cross bar switch, connects downstream router with P output port, and it is defeated that reception cross bar switch distribute module is sent
Exit port distributes information, and connects corresponding input/output port according to the information.
3. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Each Virtual Channel module includes the V (number of V
Amount can be limited according to router performance and hardware spending and be configured) individual virtual buffer queue and 1 microplate recombination module, microplate
Recombination module is received by downstream outbound course and the downstream Virtual Channel information of corresponding input port module transmission, when microplate is obtained
During output request response, the microplate that acquisition output is authorized is combined downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel number by microplate recombination module
Information reconstitutes a new microplate to be sent.
4. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The input port module include 1 micro-
Piece parsing module, V (quantity of V is consistent with the Virtual Channel quantity in Virtual Channel module) individual microplate output control module and V please
Shroud module is sought, the microplate parsing module receives the microplate of upstream router transmission and the microplate is parsed, and is wrapped
Containing local Virtual Channel number, microplate mark, microplate destination address and outbound course parsing information, and Virtual Channel number is sent to right
Virtual Channel module is answered, Virtual Channel number, microplate head, tail tag is known and the parsing information of outbound course is sent to corresponding microplate output control
Molding block, the parsing information of microplate destination address and outbound course is sent routing calculation module advanced to correspondence, each microplate
Output control module also receives the downstream outbound course information that the advanced routing calculation module of correspondence sends, microplate output control module
Downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel information are sent to corresponding Virtual Channel module, when router has microplate to transmit, need to
Output Virtual Channel block of state sends downstream Virtual Channel state updating information, and upstream router sends Virtual Channel information, request
Shroud module is screened to microplate output request according to the Virtual Channel state fed back by output Virtual Channel block of state, to discontented
The microplate output request of sufficient condition is shielded, and the microplate to meeting output condition exports request then to cross bar switch distribute module
The output port information of output request signal and respective request is sent, cross bar switch distribute module will after arbitrating to output request
Output request response signal feeds back to microplate output control module.
5. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The input port module includes that microplate is defeated
Go out control module, output information selecting module and request shroud module, the microplate output control module receives upstream router
The microplate of transmission is simultaneously processed to the microplate, obtains Virtual Channel number, microplate destination address and outbound course, by Virtual Channel state
More new signal is sent to output Virtual Channel block of state, and the downstream Virtual Channel state after renewal is sent out by output Virtual Channel block of state
Deliver to microplate output control module and form requesting state information signal transmission to asking shroud module, request shroud module according to
Current downstream Virtual Channel state differentiates, the microplate to being unsatisfactory for condition exports request and shields to microplate output request,
To cross bar switch distribute module, output request and output port information are sent to the microplate for meeting output condition, cross bar switch distributes
Module is to the feedback microplate output request response of microplate output control module, and it is defeated that output information selecting module receives one group of downstream
Outgoing direction and downstream Virtual Channel number, and it is decomposed into single downstream outbound course and downstream Virtual Channel number is sent to corresponding Virtual Channel
Module carries out microplate restructuring.
6. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The output Virtual Channel block of state includes
Status processing module, output Virtual Channel state detection module and state output module, the state detection module receives downstream void
Channel information and as local input port microplate sends caused downstream Virtual Channel state updating information, to downstream router
Virtual Channel state be updated and by output Virtual Channel state be sent respectively to status processing module and state output module, shape
State processing module processes the Virtual Channel state updating information formation state selection signal for receiving first and is sent to State- output mould
Block, then the Virtual Channel status information to receiving carry out integrate generate congestion information, and transmit this information to upstream route
Device, state output module produces one group of downstream route according to the downstream Virtual Channel status information for receiving and state selection signal
Device Virtual Channel status information.
7. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The output Virtual Channel block of state includes
State processing and distribution module, congestion information processing module and output Virtual Channel state detection module, the output Virtual Channel shape
The downstream Virtual Channel shape that state detection module causes after receiving downstream router Virtual Channel information and the transmission of local input port microplate
State fresh information, is updated and will update later group output Virtual Channel state and give shape to the Virtual Channel state of downstream router
State is processed and distribution module, and state processing is with distribution module while receive the downstream void for causing after local input port microplate sends
Channel statuses fresh information, produces downstream router Virtual Channel status information and local congestion information, and congestion information is through congestion
Message processing module, congestion information is fed back to upstream, and Virtual Channel status information is sent to input port using as shielding microplate
The discrimination standard of output request.
8. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The advanced routing calculation module, including
Local router address module, downstream router address calculation module and self adaptation routing calculation module, the local router
Address module provides local router address, the downstream provided by downstream router address calculation module with reference to input port module
Router outbound course information, calculates the address that microplate is sent to downstream router, and the address is sent to self adaptation route
Computing module, microplate destination address and downstream router ground that self adaptation routing calculation module is sent according to input port module
Location, calculates the optional output port that microplate reaches downstream router, and with downstream congestion information alternatively standard, determines micro-
Piece reaches the outbound course of downstream router.
9. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The advanced routing calculation module, including
Routing calculation module, local router address module and congestion information selecting module, under the congestion information selecting module is received
The downstream congestion information of trip router transmission, and send after the information is processed to routing calculation module, router-level topology mould
Block also receives the local router address information of local router address module transmission and the microplate of input port module transmission is defeated
Outgoing direction and destination address information, calculate the optimal outbound course after microplate reaches downstream router.
10. network-on-chip router according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The cross bar switch distribute module includes
By P V:1 moderator composition first order arbitration unit and by P P-1:The second level arbitration unit of 1 moderator composition, first
The output request sent to the microplate in V Virtual Channel in each input port module by level arbitration unit is arbitrated,
And the authority that winning Virtual Channel temporarily obtains output is authorized, as these winning Virtual Channels may ask same outfan simultaneously
Mouthful, the input request as second level arbitration unit is arbitrated by the therefore request of these winning Virtual Channels again, and arbitration is obtained
Final winning request channel, the result feeds back to as output request response signal and obtains that finally winning input port
Module and corresponding Virtual Channel module.
11. according to the network-on-chip router described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The cross bar switch is by P P-1:1 many
Road selector composition, cross bar switch gates a certain road in MUX according to port assignment signal, by input port with defeated
Exit port is connected.
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