CN106452594B - A kind of improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation that balanced device is oriented to based on radius - Google Patents
A kind of improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation that balanced device is oriented to based on radius Download PDFInfo
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- CN106452594B CN106452594B CN201611056646.7A CN201611056646A CN106452594B CN 106452594 B CN106452594 B CN 106452594B CN 201611056646 A CN201611056646 A CN 201611056646A CN 106452594 B CN106452594 B CN 106452594B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
- H04B10/2569—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to polarisation mode dispersion [PMD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/01—Equalisers
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation that balanced device is oriented to based on radius, is related to coherent fiber communication technology, including：S1. 16QAM standard planispheres are divided into three circles, calculate decision threshold th1 and th2, th1=[R1+ (1-r) R2]/2, th2=[R3+ (1+r) R2]/2, the radius squared value of three circles is respectively R1, R2 and R3,0.06≤r≤0.5；S2. it is Y (n) that radius, which is oriented to equalizer input signal vector, and tap coefficient vector is W (n), calculates output signal Z (n)；S3. basis | Z (n) |2Positioned at different circles, error function is calculated；S4. newer tap coefficient vector every time is calculated according to error function；S2 will be substituted by updated tap coefficient vector every time, different n values are increased, realize the polarization mode dispersion Continuous Compensation of output signal Z (n)；The present invention can improve compensation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coherent fiber communication technical fields, are specifically related to a kind of improved based on radius guiding balanced device
Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation.
Background technology
In high speed coherent fiber communication system, in order to improve transmission capacity and transmission range, need to be added in receiving terminal
Digital Signal Processing (DSP, Digital Signal Processing) algorithm, carrys out the various damages in compensated optical fiber.Wherein,
For optical fiber in the compensation of polarization mode dispersion, time-domain equalizer is generally used, is changed to control by calculating error function
The tap coefficient of weighing apparatus, to realize that error function is smaller, and compensation effect is better to signal polarization mode chromatic dispersion compensation.
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation algorithm generally uses transverse mode algorithm (CMA, Constant Modulus Algorithm), but
For higher order modulation formats, such as 16 rank quadrature amplitudes (16QAM, 16-aryquadrature amplitude modulation),
With multiple modulus value, if directly using CMA algorithms, error function can be made to be not zero.In order to carry out polarization mode to 16QAM signals
Dispersion compensation, it is thus proposed that actionradius is oriented to balanced device, i.e., first judge a point circle to signal, the signals of difference circle with not
It is compared with modulus value, to obtain error function, the error function obtained in this way is theoretically attributed to zero.
However actionradius is oriented to balanced device there are when polarization mode dispersion, is possible to judge by accident to amplitude judgement,
A point circle mistake is caused, to cause error function to be not zero, compensation effect is inadequate.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved equal based on radius guiding
The Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation of weighing apparatus carries out polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation to 16QAM signals, and error function is carried close to zero
High compensation effect.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention takes a kind of improved polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation that balanced device is oriented to based on radius
Method, including step：
S1. 16QAM standard planispheres are divided into three circles, calculate the two decision threshold th1 and th2, th1=[R1+ for be divided to and enclosing
(1-r) R2]/2, th2=[R3+ (1+r) R2]/2, wherein the radius squared value of three circles is respectively R1, R2 and R3, and r is control
The parameter of area size, 0.06≤r≤0.5 shared by mesosphere processed；
S2. the input signal vector of radius guiding balanced device is set as Y (n), and tap coefficient vector is W (n), output signal Z
(n)=conv { Y (n), W (n) }, wherein conv indicates that convolution algorithm, n are the integer more than or equal to 0；
S3. error function e (n) is calculated, if | Z (n) |2≤ th1, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) |2- R1；If th1<|
Z(n)|2<Th2, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) |2- R2；If | Z (n) |2>=th2, then error function e (n)=| Z (n)
|2- R3；
S4. gradient descent method is utilized, tap coefficient vector, W (n+1)=W (n)-μ Y are updated according to error function*(n)z
(n) e (n), wherein W (n+1) is that newer tap coefficient vector, μ are iteration step length, Y each time*(n) conjugation for being Y (n)；
S2 will be substituted by updated tap coefficient vector every time, different n values are increased, realize the polarization mode color of output signal Z (n)
Dissipate Continuous Compensation.
Based on the above technical solution, in the S1, according to the difference of 16QAM complex signal amplitudes point circle, r's takes
Value is related with signal-to-noise ratio, and the value of r is improved with the increase of noise.
Based on the above technical solution, in the S2, when n=0, radius is oriented to the original input signal amount of balanced device
For Y (0), initial tap coefficient values vector is W (0), and the length of W (0) is equal to tap number, then radius is oriented to the initial defeated of balanced device
Go out signal Z (0)=conv { Y (0), W (0) }.
Based on the above technical solution, the error function of Initial output signal calculates, if | Z (0) |2≤ th1, then miss
Difference function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R1；If th1<|Z(0)|2<Th2, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R2；If | Z (0)
|2>=th2, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R3.
Based on the above technical solution, after the error function of Initial output signal obtains, in the S3, gradient is utilized
Descent method updates tap coefficient, W (0+1)=W (0)-μ Y*(0) z (0) e (0), wherein μ is iteration step length, Y*(0) it is Y's (0)
Conjugation；It is transferred to S2 again, when calculating n=1, radius is oriented to the output signal of balanced device.
Based on the above technical solution, the parameter r=0.1, μ=6 × 10^ (- 6).
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：A point circle threshold value is redefined, polarization mode color is carried out to 16QAM signals
When dissipating compensation, under different state of signal-to-noise, when r takes 0.06 to 0.5, the bit error rate (BER, Bit Error Rate) compares
Small, radius is oriented to the better performances of balanced device, is oriented to equalizer algorithm relative to traditional radius, error function of the present invention is close
In zero, compensation effect is improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is point circle schematic diagram of 16QAM standards planisphere in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is point circle schematic diagram of 16QAM standard planispheres of the embodiment of the present invention；
When Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the present invention carries out polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation to 16QAM signals, under different state of signal-to-noise, r
The relation schematic diagram of value and the bit error rate.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The present invention is based on the Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensations of radius guider, specifically include step：
S1. according to the difference of 16QAM complex signal amplitudes, 16QAM standard planispheres are divided into three circles, i.e. inner ring, centre
Circle and outer ring calculate two decision thresholds th1 and th2 for being divided to circle.If the radius squared value of tri- circles of 16QAM is respectively R1, R2
And R3, then th1=[R1+ (1-r) R2]/2, th2=[R3+ (1+r) R2]/2, wherein region shared by mesosphere is big in order to control by r
The value of small parameter, r is related with signal-to-noise ratio, and when noise is larger, the value of r should improve, and r is 0.06≤r in value range
≤0.5.As shown in Figure 1, for point circle schematic diagram of 16QAM standards planisphere in the prior art, d1Between threshold value th1 and th2
Distance；As shown in Fig. 2, for point circle schematic diagram of embodiment 16QAM standard planispheres, d2Between threshold value th1 and th2 away from
From；According to the value range of r in the present embodiment, it is seen that d2More than d1。
S2. the input signal vector of radius guiding balanced device is set as Y (n), and tap coefficient vector is W (n), output signal Z
(n)=conv { Y (n), W (n) }, wherein conv indicates that convolution algorithm, n are the integer more than or equal to 0, n=0,1,2 ... n.
S3. the calculating of error function e (n)：If | Z (n) |2≤ th1, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) |2- R1；If th1
<|Z(n)|2<Th2, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) |2- R2；If | Z (n) |2>=th2, then error function e (n)=| Z (n)
|2- R3.
S4. gradient descent method is utilized, tap coefficient vector is updated according to error function：W (n+1)=W (n)-μ Y*(n)z
(n) e (n), wherein W (n+1) is that newer tap coefficient vector, μ are iteration step length, Y each time*(n) conjugation for being Y (n).
Step S2 will be substituted by updated tap coefficient vector each time, different n values will be increased, and realize that output signal Z's (n) will be inclined
Polarization mode dispersion Continuous Compensation.
In above-mentioned steps, in more detail, in n=0 when initial, step S2, radius is oriented to the original input signal of balanced device
Amount is Y (0), and initial tap coefficient values vector is W (0), and W (0) is generally set to [00 ... 010 ... 00], and the length of W (0) is equal to tap
Number, then the Initial output signal that radius is oriented to balanced device is Z (0)=conv { Y (0), W (0) }, and wherein Z (0) is initially to export
Signal.
Then in step S3, the error function e (0) of Initial output signal is calculated, if | Z (0) |2≤ th1, then error function
E (0)=| Z (0) |2- R1；If th1<|Z(0)|2<Th2, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R2；If | Z (0) |2≥
Th2, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R3.
In step S4, tap is updated using gradient descent method according to the error function e (0) of obtained Initial output signal
Coefficient, W (0+1)=W (0)-μ Y*(0) z (0) e (0), i.e.,：W (1)=W (0)-μ Y*(0)z(0)e(0).Wherein, μ is iteration step
It is long, Y*(0) conjugation for being Y (0).
Then, when being transferred to step S2, then calculating n=1, radius is oriented to the output signal of balanced device, and then obtains error letter
Number e (1), preferred parameter r=0.1, μ=6 × 10^ (- 6)；Tap coefficient is updated further according to gradient descent method, is transferred to again
S2 calculates n=2, and until calculating until n-th of output signal, in this process, polarization mode dispersion is continuously mended
It repays.
In PMD (Polarization Mode Dispersion, polarization mode dispersion) simulation model, the baud rate of signal
For 32GBaud/s, worst case, if the angle of signal state of polarization and principal state of polarization (psp) is 45 degree, the group of two principal state of polarization (psp) are considered
Delay is 10 picoseconds.The total length of data takes 2^19, and removes and start 10000 not converged data points, then calculates BER
(Bit Error Rate, the bit error rate).
As shown in figure 3, under these conditions for 16QAM signals, using the present invention is based on the polarization mode colors of radius guider
When dissipating compensation method, at different SNR (signal-to-noise ratio), the value of r and the curved line relation of BER.Wherein r=0 is existing skill
In art, radius is oriented to the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation algorithm of balanced device, and as seen from Figure 3, when r=0, BER is larger, and radius is oriented to
Equalizer performance is bad, and when r takes the present invention 0.06 to 0.5, BER is smaller, and it is preferable that radius is oriented to equalizer performance.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from
Under the premise of the principle of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation for being oriented to balanced device based on radius, which is characterized in that including step：
S1. 16QAM standard planispheres are divided into three circles, calculate the two decision threshold th1 and th2, th1=[R1+ (1- for be divided to and enclosing
R) R2]/2, th2=[R3+ (1+r) R2]/2, wherein the radius squared values of three circles are respectively R1, R2 and R3, r in order to control in
Between enclose the parameter of shared area size, 0.06≤r≤0.5；
S2. set radius be oriented to balanced device input signal vector as Y (n), tap coefficient vector be W (n), output signal Z (n)=
Conv { Y (n), W (n) }, wherein conv indicates that convolution algorithm, n are the integer more than or equal to 0；
S3. error function e (n) is calculated, if | Z (n) |2≤ th1, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) | 2-R1；If th1<|Z(n)
|2<Th2, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) |2- R2；If | Z (n) |2>=th2, then error function e (n)=| Z (n) |2- R3；
S4. gradient descent method is utilized, tap coefficient vector, W (n+1)=W (n)-μ Y are updated according to error function*(n)z(n)e
(n), wherein W (n+1) is that newer tap coefficient vector, μ are iteration step length, Y each time*(n) conjugation for being Y (n)；It will be every
Secondary updated tap coefficient vector substitutes into S2, and different n values are increased, and realizes that the polarization mode dispersion of output signal Z (n) connects
Continuous compensation.
2. the improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation for being oriented to balanced device based on radius as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the S1, according to the difference of 16QAM complex signal amplitudes point circle, the value of r is related with signal-to-noise ratio, and the value of r is with noise
Increase and improves.
3. the improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation for being oriented to balanced device based on radius as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the S2, when n=0, the original input signal amount that radius is oriented to balanced device is Y (0), and initial tap coefficient values vector is W (0), W
(0) length is equal to tap number, then radius is oriented to Initial output signal Z (0)=conv { Y (0), W (0) } of balanced device.
4. the improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation for being oriented to balanced device based on radius as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The error function of Initial output signal calculates, if | Z (0) |2≤ th1, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R1；If th1<|Z
(0)|2<Th2, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2- R2；If | Z (0) |2>=th2, then error function e (0)=| Z (0) |2
R3。
5. the improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation for being oriented to balanced device based on radius as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：
After the error function of Initial output signal obtains, in the S3, using gradient descent method, tap coefficient, W (0+1)=W are updated
(0)-μY*(0) z (0) e (0), wherein μ is iteration step length, Y*(0) conjugation for being Y (0)；It is transferred to S2 again, when calculating n=1, radius
It is oriented to the output signal of balanced device.
6. the improved Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation that balanced device is oriented to based on radius as described in any in claim 1 to 5,
It is characterized in that：The parameter r=0.1, μ=6 × 10^ (- 6).
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