CN106443874B - Stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber - Google Patents

Stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber Download PDF

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CN106443874B
CN106443874B CN201610845759.9A CN201610845759A CN106443874B CN 106443874 B CN106443874 B CN 106443874B CN 201610845759 A CN201610845759 A CN 201610845759A CN 106443874 B CN106443874 B CN 106443874B
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stress
diameter
fiber
thermal expansion
beta
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CN106443874A (en
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苏武
赵霞
张丽娟
文雁平
冯术娟
黄本华
徐丹
徐律
石飞飞
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Jiangsu Fasten Optoelectronics Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/024Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a stress channel optimized and stress-applied enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining optical fiber, which comprises a fiber core (101) wrapped in the center of a cladding (104), and is characterized in that: the outer layer of the fiber core (101) is provided with a stress channel ring (102), and the stress application area (103) and the stress channel ring (102) are covered by a part of area. The invention generates larger stress birefringence effect in the area of smaller end surface area; and the stress birefringence performance of the thin-diameter panda type polarization-maintaining optical fiber can be flexibly adjusted through the adjustment of the thermal expansion coefficients and the structural parameters of the geometric dimensions of the stress application channel and the stress application area, so that proper polarization-maintaining optical fiber product designs are provided for the fields of different application requirements, and the application of the panda type polarization-maintaining optical fiber is expanded in the fields of small-sized optical fiber gyroscopes, optical fiber hydrophones, optical fiber amplifiers and the like.

Description

Stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber
Technical Field
The invention relates to a panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber, in particular to a high-birefringence small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber with stress enhancement applied to a core region, which improves the stress application effect and improves the birefringence parameter, and belongs to the technical field of optical fibers.
Background
Polarization maintaining optical fiber, namely polarization maintaining optical fiber, is used for transmitting linear polarized light, is widely used in various fields of national economy such as aerospace, aviation, navigation, industrial manufacturing technology and communication, and in an interference type optical fiber sensor based on optical coherent detection, the linear polarization direction can be kept unchanged by using the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the coherent signal to noise ratio is improved so as to realize high-precision measurement of physical quantity; the polarization maintaining fiber is used as a special fiber, is mainly applied to sensors such as fiber current transformers, fiber optic gyroscopes, fiber optic hydrophones and the like and fiber optic communication systems such as DWDM, EDFA and the like, and is a special fiber type with wide application value.
In a common communication optical fiber, due to the circularly symmetric structure, after the incident linearly polarized light is transmitted for a certain distance, due to the coupling of different polarization modes, energy exchange can be realized, and the incident linearly polarized light becomes elliptical or circularly polarized light and cannot keep a linear polarization state; when a linear polarized light is coupled into the polarization maintaining fiber, if the polarization direction of the linear polarized light is coincident with the polarization main axis of the polarization maintaining fiber, the linear polarized light can maintain the linear polarization direction until leaving the polarization maintaining fiber in the transmission process, namely, the birefringence phenomenon of the polarization maintaining fiber. The birefringence phenomenon of the optical fiber is caused by a plurality of reasons, and the birefringence can be introduced by various geometrical and stress non-uniformities, and the stress birefringence polarization-maintaining optical fiber mainly comprises a butterfly-junction polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a panda polarization-maintaining optical fiber and an elliptical cladding polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Among them, the panda type polarization maintaining fiber is most widely used, and its structure includes a fiber core, a stress region and a cladding portion, wherein the fiber core is located at the center portion of the cladding, and two cylindrical stress regions are distributed at both sides of the fiber core. The core is typically germanium fluorine co-doped silica glass, the stress region is typically boron doped silica glass, and the cladding is typically a pure silica glass material. Since the boron quartz glass has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than that of pure quartz glass, when the optical fiber preform is rapidly drawn from a high temperature region of 2000 ℃ to a room temperature of 20 ℃ in a drawing furnace, the stress region is rapidly contracted by a quenching process, and the different thermal expansion coefficient materials cause asymmetric contraction stress to be applied to the core region of the optical fiber, thereby generating so-called stress birefringence to enable the polarization maintaining fiber to have linear polarization maintaining performance.
With the trend toward miniaturization of the sensor device, the diameter of the optical fiber is also gradually reduced from 125 μm to 80 μm or less, and in the range of the reduced optical fiber diameter, large stress birefringence cannot be achieved by increasing the area of the stress region. In chinese patent 201010184969.0, a panda-type polarization maintaining fiber with a depressed inner cladding structure is described, but the concept of stress channel ring is not designed, and at the same time, the relationship of thermal expansion coefficients of the fiber core region, the stress application region and the stress channel ring is not described, and the depressed inner cladding adopts a design of doping fluorine element and germanium element, and finally, the improved and optimized condition of stress application of the panda-type polarization maintaining fiber with a small diameter is not illustrated. In chinese patent 201519462. X, a bending-resistant panda-type polarization maintaining fiber is described, in which the thermal expansion coefficient of the stress applying portion is required, but the thermal expansion coefficient and the material structure of the core region and the inner cladding layer are not described, focusing mainly on the description of the refractive index, and the optimization of the stress birefringence performance of the panda-type polarization maintaining fiber of 80 μm or less in fiber diameter is not described. In chinese patent 201510005831.2, a thin panda-type polarization maintaining fiber is described, in which refractive index and diameter parameters are described in detail, and a stress region structure designed by graded refractive index is adopted, and the case of enhancing a stress applying effect by optimizing a stress applying channel is not described. In chinese patent 201516879. X, a panda-shaped polarization maintaining fiber with air holes is described, and in the case of the air holes, the difficulty of controlling the drawing process and controlling the geometric roundness of the fiber is greatly increased, and the air holes become risk factors for the reliability of the polarization maintaining fiber. In the design of the small-diameter panda-type polarization maintaining optical fiber, the structural design of the optical fiber needs to be optimized due to the reduction of the whole end surface area, a stress application channel is established, and the maximum stress application is realized by using a smaller stress area, so that a stronger stress birefringence effect is generated, and the application requirement is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber, which can realize that a large stress birefringence effect is generated in a small end surface area region of the thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber; and the stress birefringence performance of the thin-diameter panda type polarization-maintaining optical fiber can be flexibly adjusted through the adjustment of the thermal expansion coefficients and the structural parameters of the geometric dimensions of the stress application channel and the stress application area, so that proper polarization-maintaining optical fiber product designs are provided for the fields of different application requirements, and the application of the panda type polarization-maintaining optical fiber is expanded in the fields of small-sized optical fiber gyroscopes, optical fiber hydrophones, optical fiber amplifiers and the like.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the optical fiber comprises a fiber core wrapped in the center of a cladding, and stress channel rings around the fiber core, wherein the cladding is also provided with stress application areas which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fiber core, and the stress application areas need to cover the stress channel rings in a crossing manner. The material stress of the stress application region can be more effectively conducted to the fiber core region through the stress channel ring; by adjusting the thermal expansion coefficients and the geometric structures of the fiber core region, the stress channel ring and the stress application region, the stress birefringence coefficient acting on the fiber core region can be optimized, so that the use requirement is met.
The invention relates to a stress channel optimized and stress-applied enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber, which comprises a fiber core region, a stress channel ring, a cladding region and a cladding region, wherein the fiber core region has a diameter D1 epsilon (3 mu m and 9 mu m), the stress channel ring has a diameter D2 epsilon (4 mu m and 30 mu m), the stress-applied region has a diameter D3 epsilon (10 mu m and 35 mu m), and the cladding region has a diameter D4 epsilon (58 mu m and 83 mu m).
The invention relates to a stress channel optimized stress-applied enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber, wherein the fiber core region is made of quartz glass doped with Ge and F elements, and adopts a homogeneous doping design, and the thermal expansion coefficient is beta 101 E (20X 10-7, 100X 10-7); the stress channel ring is made of quartz glass doped with B and F elements, adopts homogeneous doping design, and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 102 E (15X 10-7, 50X 10-7); the stress application region is made of quartz glass doped with Ge and B elements, adopts homogeneous doping design, and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 103 ∈(50×10-7,500×10-7)。
The invention relates to a stress channel optimized stress application enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber, which is characterized in that the distance D31E between the outer circumferential boundary of a stress application area and the outer circumferential boundary of a fiber core area ((D1)/4, (D2-D1)).
The invention relates to a stress channel optimized stress-applied enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization-maintaining optical fiber, wherein the relative refractive index difference delta 1 epsilon (0.6 percent, 1.2 percent) of a fiber core layer and a pure quartz glass material, the relative refractive index difference delta 3 epsilon (-0.6 percent, minus 1.8 percent) of a stress-applied region and the pure quartz glass material, and the relative refractive index difference delta 2 epsilon (-0.5 percent, minus 0.9 percent) of a stress channel ring and the pure quartz glass material.
The invention relates to a stress channel optimized and stress-applied enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber, which comprises a fiber core region, a stress channel ring and a stress-applied region, wherein the fiber core region, the stress channel ring and the stress-applied region have thermal expansion coefficients beta respectively 102、 β 101、 β 103 The following relationships are satisfied: beta 102101103
A stress optimization method of a thin panda polarization-maintaining optical fiber aims at an optical fiber with a fiber core diameter D1 epsilon (3 mu m,9 mu m), a stress application area and a stress channel ring are arranged on a cladding wrapped on the outer layer of the fiber core, and the stress application area and the stress channel ring are covered in a cross mode in part area; the material composition of the fiber core region is quartz glass doped with Ge and F elements, and the thermal expansion coefficient beta 101 E (20X 10-7, 100X 10-7); the material composition of the stress channel ring is quartz glass doped with B and F elements, and the thermal expansion coefficient beta of the quartz glass 102 E (15X 10-7, 50X 10-7); the stress application region is made of quartz glass doped with Ge and B elements and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 103 E (50X 10-7, 500X 10-7); the respective thermal expansion coefficients beta of the core region, the stress channel ring and the stress application region 102、 β 101、 β 103 The following relationships are satisfied: beta 102101103
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a stress channel ring is designed between the stress application area and the fiber core area, and the shrinkage stress of the stress application area under the condition of rapid cooling in the wire drawing process can be transmitted to the core area to the greatest extent through the optimization design of the thermal expansion coefficients of the fiber core area, the stress channel ring and the stress application area; meanwhile, the core region can generate larger stress birefringence under the condition of stress application;
2. the stress application area covers part of the area of the stress channel ring, so that the stress is applied through the channel, and is more effectively conducted to the core area, and the effect and efficiency of stress application are improved;
3. in the design of the small-diameter panda-type polarization-maintaining optical fiber with reduced end surface area, the limited area space can be utilized, the stress application space is utilized as effectively as possible while the optical performance of the optical fiber is ensured, the stress birefringence performance of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber is improved, and the use requirement is met; and can also provide design reference for the superfine panda-shaped polarization maintaining fiber with further reduced diameter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing a refractive index distribution of the polarization maintaining fiber of fig. 1 in an x-axis direction.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing a refractive index distribution of the polarization maintaining fiber of fig. 1 in a y-axis direction.
Wherein:
the fiber core 101, the stress channel ring 102, the stress application region 103, the cladding region 104, and the shrinkage stress 105.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the stress channel optimized and stress applied enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber comprises a fiber core 101 wrapped in the center of a cladding 104, wherein the cladding 104 is further provided with stress applying areas 103, the stress applying areas 103 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fiber core 101, the outer layer of the fiber core is provided with stress channel rings 102, and the stress applying areas 103 and the stress channel rings 102 are covered by partial areas; the diameter D1E (3 μm,9 μm) of the core 101, the diameter D2E (4 μm,30 μm) of the stress tunnel ring 102, the diameter D4E (58 μm,83 μm) of the cladding 104, and the diameter D3E (10 μm,35 μm) of the stress application region 103;
meanwhile, the relative refractive index difference Delta1E (0.6%, 1.2%) between the fiber core 101 and the pure quartz glass material;
refractive index n2=1.457 of pure quartz glass material
The relative refractive index difference Δ2 e (-0.5%, -0.9%) of the stress tunnel ring 102 and the pure quartz glass material.
Specifically, the material composition of the core region 101 is quartz glass doped with Ge and F elements, and the homogeneous doping design is adopted to ensure the thermal expansion coefficient beta 101 E (20X 10-7, 100X 10-7); the stress channel ring 102 is made of quartz glass doped with B and F elements, adopts homogeneous doping design, and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 102 E (15X 10-7, 50X 10-7); the stress applying region 103 is made of quartz glass doped with Ge and B elements, adopts homogeneous doping design, and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 103 E (50X 10-7, 500X 10-7), the respective coefficients of thermal expansion beta of the core region, the stress tunnel ring, and the stress application region 101 、β 102 、β 103 The relation needs to be satisfied: beta 102101103
The following describes the stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber of the patent by combining specific experimental data:
table 1:
optical fiber parameters Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Diameter of stress channel ring D2 (μm) 6 25 15 10 20
Coefficient of thermal expansion beta of stress channel ring 102 (×10 -7 15 20 30 40 50
Diameter of stress applying region D3 (μm) 20 25 16 12 28
Coefficient of thermal expansion beta in stress application zone 103 (×10 -7 200 300 350 500 400
Core diameter D1 (μm) 4 4.5 3 3 5
Core thermal expansion coefficient beta 101 (×10 -7 20 30 80 100 90
Cladding diameter D4 (μm) 80 80 70 60 80
Optical fiber crosstalk (dB, 1 km) -26 -29 -31 -30 -32
Optical fiber beat length (mm, 630 nm) 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8
The stress channel optimization and stress application enhancement type thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining optical fibers with five different structural designs are shown in the table 1, the geometric structures of the optical fibers and the diameters and the thermal expansion coefficients of stress channel rings, stress application areas and fiber cores are different, and the result shows that polarization crosstalk of 5 optical fibers reaches more than-26 dB/km, and the beat length is less than 2.3mm. Meanwhile, the high stress birefringence performance can be realized for panda type polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different diameters (60 mu m, 70 mu m, 80 mu m and the like). 5 optical fibers with the length of 500m are loosened into an optical fiber ring with the diameter of 20mm, and the normal-temperature crosstalk and the crosstalk variation performance of the optical fiber ring under the temperature variation test can meet the application of the medium-precision optical fiber gyroscope and meet the use requirement of a system.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and all technical solutions that are formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a stress channel optimizes, stress applys thin diameter panda polarization maintaining optical fiber of enhancement mode, optic fibre is including wrapping up in fiber core (101) at covering (104) center, covering (104) still are provided with stress application district (103), and stress application district (103) symmetry set up in the both sides of fiber core (101), its characterized in that: the outer layer of the fiber core (101) is provided with a stress channel ring (102), and the stress application area (103) and the stress channel ring (102) are covered by a part of area;
the diameter D1E (3 mu m,9 mu m) of the fiber core (101), the diameter D2E (4 mu m,30 mu m) of the stress channel ring (102), the diameter D4E (58 mu m,83 mu m) of the cladding (104), the diameter D3E (10 mu m,35 mu m) of the stress application region (103), and the distance D31E ((D1)/4, (D2-D1)) between the outer circumferential boundary of the stress application region (103) and the outer circumferential boundary of the fiber core (101);
the material composition of the fiber core (101) is quartz glass doped with Ge and F elements, and adopts homogeneous doping design, and the thermal expansion coefficient beta of the fiber core is 101 ∈(20×10-7,100×10-7);
The stress channel ring (102) is made of quartz glass doped with B and F elements, adopts homogeneous doping design, and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 102 ∈(15×10-7,50×10-7);
The stress applying region (103) is made of quartz glass doped with Ge and B elements, adopts homogeneous doping design, and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 103 ∈(50×10-7,500×10-7);
Coefficient of thermal expansion beta of stress channel ring 102、 Coefficient of thermal expansion beta of the core region 101、 Coefficient of thermal expansion beta in stress application zone 103 The following relationships are satisfied: beta 102101103
2. The stress tunnel optimized, stress-imposed enhanced thin-diameter panda polarization maintaining fiber of claim 1, wherein: the relative refractive index difference Delta1 epsilon (0.6%, 1.2%) of the core (101) and the pure quartz glass material, the relative refractive index difference Delta2 epsilon (-0.5%, -0.9%) of the stress tunnel ring (102) and the pure quartz glass material, and the relative refractive index difference Delta3 epsilon (-0.6%, -1.8%) of the stress application region (103) and the pure quartz glass material.
3. A stress optimization method of a thin panda polarization maintaining fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: for the fiber with the diameter D1 epsilon (3 mu m,9 mu m), a stress application area and a stress channel ring are arranged on a cladding layer wrapped on the outer layer of the fiber core, and the stress application area and the stress channel ring are covered in a part of area in a crossing way; the material composition of the fiber core region is quartz glass doped with Ge and F elements, and the thermal expansion coefficient beta 101 E (20X 10-7, 100X 10-7); the material composition of the stress channel ring is quartz glass doped with B and F elements, and the thermal expansion coefficient beta of the quartz glass 102 E (15X 10-7, 50X 10-7); the stress application region is made of quartz glass doped with Ge and B elements and has a thermal expansion coefficient beta 103 E (50X 10-7, 500X 10-7); the respective thermal expansion coefficients beta of the core region, the stress channel ring and the stress application region 102、 β 101、 β 103 The following relationships are satisfied: beta 102101103
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CN107807267B (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-11-12 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司 A kind of all-fiber current transformator for extra-high voltage direct-current field
CN108508529B (en) * 2018-04-04 2019-12-24 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 Zero dispersion displacement polarization maintaining optical fiber

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61185703A (en) * 1985-02-14 1986-08-19 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Constant polarizing optical fiber
US4913521A (en) * 1987-12-04 1990-04-03 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Single-polarization optical fiber
JP2001326404A (en) * 2000-05-16 2001-11-22 Fujikura Ltd Rare earth element doped optical fiber
CN104932052A (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-23 株式会社藤仓 Polarization-maintaining optical fiber

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61185703A (en) * 1985-02-14 1986-08-19 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Constant polarizing optical fiber
US4913521A (en) * 1987-12-04 1990-04-03 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Single-polarization optical fiber
JP2001326404A (en) * 2000-05-16 2001-11-22 Fujikura Ltd Rare earth element doped optical fiber
CN104932052A (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-23 株式会社藤仓 Polarization-maintaining optical fiber

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