CN106441916A

CN106441916A - Exhaust apparatus for exhaust simulation test of exhaust nozzle of supersonic engine

Info

Publication number: CN106441916A
Application number: CN201610786167.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周培好; 赵聚均; 王文彬; 孙建
Original assignee: Beijing Aerospace Sanfa High Tech Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Aerospace Sanfa High Tech Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-31
Filing date: 2016-08-31
Publication date: 2017-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-31
Also published as: CN106441916B

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust apparatus for an exhaust simulation test of an exhaust nozzle of a supersonic engine. The exhaust apparatus comprises a tail chamber and an ejector, the tail chamber comprises a fixed large tail chamber and a replaceable small tail chamber, the fixed large tail chamber comprises a tail chamber convergence segment, a tail chamber equal-diameter segment, and a tail chamber expansion segment, the replaceable small tail chamber comprises a small tail chamber flange and a small tail chamber cylinder body, the small tail chamber cylinder body is arranged in the tail chamber convergence segment, the fixed large tail chamber is provided with a circulating cooling water device and a cooling water spraying device, the ejector comprises a low-pressure chamber, a transition segment, a blending convergence segment, a blending equal-diameter segment and a blending expansion segment, the inner part of the low-pressure chamber is fixedly connected with a circular ring diversion and guiding device, an ejection airflow conveying pipeline, an ejection airflow convergence segment and an ejection airflow expansion segment, and cross sections of an outlet of the low-pressure chamber and an outlet of the ejection airflow expansion segment are located in the same vertical plane. According to the exhaust apparatus, test requirements for simulating high-altitude flight states of different supersonic engines on the ground can be met.

Description

A kind of supersonic speed nozzle is vented the exhaust apparatus of simulated test

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of exhaust apparatus, especially a kind of exhaust of supersonic speed nozzle exhaust simulated test Device.

Background technology

When in ground simulation supersonic speed engine high-altitude flight state, generally first engine is arranged on altitude simulation cabin Interior, residing height when stratochamber being carried out be evacuated pressure and the engine high-altitude flight making in altitude simulation cabin using air-extractor The environmental pressure of degree is identical, then carries out engine ignition, carries out high-altitude flight simulated test, will remain in process of the test Pressure in altitude simulation cabin is identical with the environmental pressure of residing height during engine high-altitude flight, and this is accomplished by immediately by Supersonic The gas that fast engine is discharged discharges altitude simulation cabin, in prior art, is generally evacuated using injector or vacuum tank, and Altitude simulation pressure out of my cabin is usually 0.11MPa, and the environmental pressure of supersonic speed engine flight height is then only atmospheric pressure 0.1 times of power, or even 0.01 times, the pressure ratio of gas extraction system will reach 10 to 100, and the flow of corresponding gas extraction system import is every Second then up to more than ten kilograms even up to a hundred kilograms, so big pressure ratio and by draught jet capacity, only lean on the supercharging of injector it is necessary to Three arrive level Four series connection, if adopting vacuum tank, the volume of vacuum tank up to go up ten thousand stere it can be seen that, no matter individually Using injector or vacuum tank as air-extractor, it is required to huge structure, not only inefficiency, expense is also sufficiently expensive； Secondly, engine testsand generally need to carry out high-altitude flight simulation to various engines, and different engines, the chi of engine Very little, nozzle size, engine export flow are all different, using a set of air-extractor it is impossible to meet various engines Test requirements document；In prior art, generally it is evacuated using injector, injector is with higher pressure injection airflow injection low pressure (or no press) by injection air-flow, complete the device that the suction of injection air-flow is carried out by injection air-flow blending injection or conveying, due to Injector without motion part, using reliability, is widely used in engine testsand gas extraction system；And offer injection air-flow is drawn Penetrating portion and the geometry in blending portion of blending injection, position relationship is the key factor determining injector performance, and prior art In for engine testsand gas extraction system injector, do not form ripe, rational injection portion and blending portion each other Geometry, position relationship, lead to the injection degraded performance of injector, reduce the efficiency of test, increased experimentation cost simultaneously； Additionally, the gas discharged of the engine of high-altitude flight is high-temperature gas, its temperature generally more than 350 DEG C, as engine row In metallic conduit internal flow, due to the attribute of metal heat-expansion shrinkage, pipeline axial expansion to the high-temperature gas going out can occur, when After high-temperature medium flows over, recover normal temperature with metallic conduit, metallic conduit can shorten to original length, and existing support of pipelines is no Method absorbs the axial length change that metallic conduit causes due to expanding with heat and contract with cold, and then leads to support of pipelines deformation even to be ruptured, Pipeline also can deform with altitude simulation cabin fixed connection place or even rupture simultaneously.

Content of the invention

The invention aims to overcoming the defect of above-mentioned prior art presence and providing a kind of supersonic speed engine Jet pipe is vented the exhaust apparatus of simulated test to meet the examination in ground simulation high-altitude flight state for the different supersonic speed engines Test requirement.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of supersonic speed nozzle is vented the exhaust apparatus of simulated test, according to nozzle exiting exhaust gas Flow direction, described exhaust apparatus includes the tail room being coaxially fixedly connected sequentially and injector；Described tail room includes fixing big tail Room and replaceable little tail room, according to nozzle exiting exhaust gas flow direction, the big tail room of described fixation include coaxial successively The tail room converging portion being fixedly connected by flange, the straight section such as tail room and tail room expansion segment, described replaceable little tail room includes coaxially The little tail room flange being fixedly connected and little tail room cylinder, what described little tail room cylinder was coaxial with described tail room converging portion is arranged on institute State in the converging portion of tail room, the flange of described little tail room flange and described tail room converging portion entrance connects；The big tail room of described fixation with The tail room support being arranged in altitude simulation cabin is fixedly connected, the straight section outlet(discharge) flange such as described tail room with expand bellows one end Flange connects, and the described other end expanding bellows is fixedly connected with altitude simulation cabin；Described tail room converging portion, tail room etc. are straight Section, tail room expansion segment and replaceable little tail room are hollow revolving body；There is the engine of nozzle and described tail room Converging portion is arranged in altitude simulation cabin, and described engine is supersonic speed engine；Described tail room converging portion, the straight section such as tail room and Tail room expansion segment is equipped with recirculated cooling water device and cooling water water injector；According to by the flow direction of injection air-flow, described Injector includes the low-pressure chamber being sequentially coaxially fixedly connected, changeover portion, blends converging portion, the straight section such as blending, blends expansion segment, institute State low-pressure chamber and include low pressure room housing and the flange being fixedly connected with low pressure room housing two ends, described low pressure interior is according to by injection The flow direction of air-flow is sequentially coaxially fixedly connected with annulus shunting guiding device, injection airflow pipeline, and injection air-flow is received Hold back section, injection air-flow expansion segment, described annulus shunting guiding device entrance is fixedly connected with injection air-flow inlet manifold, outlet and The entrance of injection airflow pipeline is fixedly connected, described low pressure room housing, changeover portion, blends converging portion, the straight section such as blending, mixes Mixed expansion segment, injection airflow pipeline, injection air-flow converging portion, injection air-flow expansion segment is hollow revolving body, described draws The center line penetrating airflow pipeline is overlapped with the center line of described low pressure room housing, and described low-pressure chamber exports and described injection gas In same vertical plane, described low-pressure chamber is connected with injector fixed support for the outlet of stream expansion segment, the straight section such as described blending It is connected with injector travel(l)ing rest；The outlet of described tail room expansion segment is fixedly connected with the entrance of low-pressure chamber, and described blending is expanded Section is arranged on altitude simulation out of my cabin.

Further, described annulus shunting guiding device one end is fixedly connected with deflection cone, the center line of described deflection cone The center line shunting guiding device with described annulus overlaps, and the summit of described deflection cone is on described low-pressure chamber entrance section.

Further, described tail room converging portion includes tail room converging portion recirculated water and enters water ring, and tail room converging portion recirculated water is arranged Water ring, tail room converging portion circulates water ring, tail room converging portion water ring, tail room converging portion inner core, tail room converging portion outer tube；Described tail It is fixedly connected by axially arranged tail room converging portion reinforcing bar between room converging portion inner core and tail room converging portion outer tube, described tail room Converging portion recirculated water enters the flange that water ring one end exported with tail room converging portion and is fixedly connected, and the other end is solid with tail room converging portion outer tube Fixed connect, described tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring one end is fixedly connected with the flange of tail room converging portion import, the other end and Tail room converging portion outer tube is fixedly connected, and described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters between water ring and tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring It is provided with tail room converging portion circulation water ring and tail room converging portion water ring, described tail room converging portion circulation water ring and tail room converging portion Water ring is arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, is provided with nozzle, described nozzle sequentially passes through in the converging portion water ring of described tail room Tail room converging portion outer tube and described tail room converging portion inner core, described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters water ring and the circulation of tail room converging portion On the circumference that water draining ring is located, tail room converging portion outer tube is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, circulation Water passes through described recirculated water inlet opening and enters the interlayer between described tail room converging portion inner core and tail room converging portion outer tube and pass through Interlayer enters tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring and by described recirculated water draining after converging portion circulation water circulation in tail room moves Hole is discharged；Described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters water ring, and tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring is provided with circulating water pipe joint, Cooling water spray pipe joint is provided with the converging portion water ring of described tail room.

The straight sections such as described tail room include the straight section recirculated water such as tail room and enter water ring, the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as tail room, tail room Circulate water ring, the straight section water ring such as tail room, the straight section inner core such as tail room, the straight section outer tube such as tail room Deng straight section；The straight sections such as described tail room It is fixedly connected by straight section reinforcing bars such as axially arranged tail rooms between the straight section outer tube such as inner core and tail room, the straight section such as described tail room follows Ring water is entered water ring one end and is fixedly connected with the flange of the straight section imports such as tail room, and the other end is fixedly connected with straight section outer tube such as tail rooms, The flange that the straight section recirculated water draining ring one end such as described tail room is exported with straight sections such as tail rooms is fixedly connected, and the other end and tail room etc. are straight Section outer tube is fixedly connected, and the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room enters and is provided with tail between the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as water ring and tail room The straight sections such as room circulate the straight section water ring such as water ring and tail room, and the straight section such as the described tail room circulation straight section water ring such as water ring and tail room exists It is arranged alternately successively in axial direction, in the straight section water ring such as described tail room, is provided with nozzle, it is straight that described nozzle sequentially passes through tail room etc. The section straight section inner core such as outer tube and described tail room, the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room enters the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as water ring and tail room On the circumference being located, the straight section outer tube such as tail room is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, and recirculated water passes through institute State the interlayer between the straight section outer tube such as straight section inner core and tail room such as the recirculated water inlet opening described tail room of entrance and pass through interlayer in tail The straight sections such as room circulation water circulation is entered the straight section recirculated water draining rings such as tail room and is discharged by described recirculated water osculum after moving；Institute State the straight section recirculated water such as tail room and enter water ring, the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as tail room is provided with circulating water pipe joint, described tail room Deng cooling water spray pipe joint is provided with straight section water ring.

Described tail room expansion segment includes tail room expansion segment recirculated water and enters water ring, tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring, tail room Expansion segment circulates water ring, tail room expansion segment water ring, tail room expansion segment inner core, tail room expansion segment outer tube；Described tail room expansion segment It is fixedly connected by axially arranged tail room expansion segment reinforcing bar between inner core and tail room expansion segment outer tube, described tail room expansion segment follows Ring water is entered water ring one end and is fixedly connected with the flange of tail room expansion segment import, and the other end is fixedly connected with tail room expansion segment outer tube, The flange that described tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring one end is exported with tail room expansion segment is fixedly connected, and the other end is expanded with tail room Section outer tube is fixedly connected, and described tail room expansion segment recirculated water enters and is provided with tail between water ring and tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring Room expansion segment circulation water ring and tail room expansion segment water ring, described tail room expansion segment circulation water ring and tail room expansion segment water ring exist It is arranged alternately successively in axial direction, in the expansion segment water ring of described tail room, is provided with nozzle, described nozzle sequentially passes through the expansion of tail room Section outer tube and described tail room expansion segment inner core, described tail room expansion segment recirculated water enters water ring and tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring On the circumference being located, tail room expansion segment outer tube is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, and recirculated water passes through institute State the interlayer between recirculated water inlet opening entrance described tail room expansion segment inner core and tail room expansion segment outer tube and pass through interlayer in tail Room expansion segment circulation water circulation is entered tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring after moving and is discharged by described recirculated water osculum；Institute State tail room expansion segment recirculated water and enter water ring, tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring is provided with circulating water pipe joint, described tail room Cooling water spray pipe joint is provided with expansion segment water ring.

Further, described tail room support includes tail room bracket holder, tail room scaffold bracket, tail room support guide holder, Tail room support base plate, tail room support upper roller guide plate, tail room support bottom roller guide plate, tail room support roll wheel assembly, tail room Support fixed support；Described tail room bracket holder is fixedly connected with described tail room scaffold bracket, described tail room bracket holder It is provided with the through hole corresponding with the flange hole of the straight section entrances such as described tail room；The described tail room bracket holder being fixedly connected and Tail room scaffold bracket lower end is fixedly connected with tail room support base plate, and described tail room support plate upper surface is fixedly installed tail room and props up Frame guide holder, described tail room support guide holder is 2, each described tail room support guide holder is provided with pin-and-hole, alignment pin divides Chuan Guo 2 described tail room support guide holders not connected the pin-and-hole on 2 described tail room support guide holders；Described tail room support bottom Plate lower surface is provided with tail room support upper roller guide plate, and described tail room support fixed support bottom is fixedly installed on altitude simulation In cabin, described tail room support fixed support upper surface is fixedly connected with described tail room support bottom roller guide plate lower surface；Described Tail room support roll wheel assembly is arranged between described tail room support upper roller guide plate and described tail room support bottom roller guide plate, Described tail room support roll wheel assembly includes tail room support roller and tail room Support frame, and described tail room support roller is arranged on tail room In Support frame, set between the described tail room bracket holder being fixedly connected and tail room scaffold bracket and described tail room support base plate It is equipped with tail room support reinforcement.

Described injector travel(l)ing rest includes injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket, injector travel(l)ing rest base plate, injector Travel(l)ing rest upper roller guide plate, injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate, injector travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly, injector Travel(l)ing rest lower carriage；Described injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket is fixedly connected with straight sections such as blending, described injector activity Frame plate upper surface is fixedly connected with injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket；Described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate lower surface is provided with Injector travel(l)ing rest upper roller guide plate, described injector travel(l)ing rest fixed support upper surface and described injector activity Frame bottom roller guide plate lower surface is fixedly connected；Described injector travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly is arranged on described injector activity Between frame upper roller guide plate and described injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate, described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate and drawing It is fixedly connected by turnbuckle between emitter travel(l)ing rest lower carriage；Described injector travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly includes injection Device travel(l)ing rest roller and injector travel(l)ing rest framework, described injector travel(l)ing rest roller is arranged on injector travel(l)ing rest In framework；It is provided with reinforcement between described injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket and described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate；Described Injector travel(l)ing rest fixed support bottom is fixed with ground by foundation bolt.

Further, a diameter of D of described tail room converging portion entrance_w, convergency is α_wr；The diameter of the straight sections such as described tail room D_wkp, length is L_wkp；A diameter of D of described tail room expansion segment outlet_wc, the angle of flare is α_wc；Described D_w, D_wkp, L_wkpMeet following Equation group：

L_wkp=4D_wkp(7)；

In above-mentioned equation group：M_w：Tail room converging portion entrance Mach number；k：Specific heat ratio；π(M_w)：Tail room converging portion entrance Mach The corresponding static pressure of number and stagnation pressure ratio；P_w：The corresponding static pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number, unit is pa；P_t5：Tail room is restrained The section corresponding stagnation pressure of entrance Mach number, unit is pa；D_w：The diameter of tail room converging portion entrance, unit is mm；d_4kp：Engine larynx Road diameter, unit is mm；After the corresponding normal shock wave of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number with normal shock wave before overall pressure tatio；q (M_w)：The corresponding velocity coeffficient of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number；D_wkp：The diameter of the straight sections such as tail room, unit is mm；L_wkp：Tail The length of the straight sections such as room, unit is mm；

Wherein, real environment when the corresponding static pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number and supersonic speed engine high-altitude flight Pressure is identical, the outlet Mach of the nozzle of the corresponding stagnation pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number and supersonic speed engine The corresponding stagnation pressures of number are identical, and the nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine is more than 1, the starting of supersonic speed engine Tail nozzle exit Mach number, the corresponding stagnation pressure of nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine, supersonic speed is started Real environmental pressure during machine high-altitude flight, specific heat ratio and engine throat diameter are the intrinsic known ginseng of supersonic speed engine Number, the parameter in above-mentioned equation group：M_w, k, π (M_w), P_w, P_t5, W_w, d_4kp,q(M_w), D_wkp, L_wkpIt is engine testsand In all tests engine in, the maximum corresponding parameter of engine of nozzle rate of discharge.

Described convergency meets：0 ＜ α_wr≤12°；The described angle of flare meets 0 ＜ α_wc≤12°.

Further, a diameter of D of described replaceable little tail room_wx, described D_wxMeet following equations group：

In above-mentioned equation group：M_wx：Replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number；π(M_wx)：Replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number Corresponding static pressure and stagnation pressure ratio；P_wx：The corresponding static pressure of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number, unit is pa；P_t5x：Replaceable The corresponding stagnation pressure of little tail chamber inlet Mach number, unit is pa；D_wx：Replaceable little tail chamber inlet diameter, unit is mm；d_4kpx：Send out Engine in the engine of all tests in motivation test bay, in addition to the maximum engine of nozzle rate of discharge Engine throat diameter, unit be mm；

Wherein, the corresponding static pressure of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number and real ring during supersonic speed engine high-altitude flight Border pressure is identical, the outlet of the corresponding stagnation pressure of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number and the nozzle of supersonic speed engine The corresponding stagnation pressure of Mach number is identical, and the nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine is more than 1, supersonic speed engine Nozzle exit Mach number, the corresponding stagnation pressure of nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine, supersonic speed Real environmental pressure during engine high-altitude flight, in the engine of all tests in specific heat ratio and engine testsand, removes The engine throat diameter of the engine beyond the maximum engine of nozzle rate of discharge is solid for supersonic speed engine Some known parameters, the parameter in above-mentioned equation group：M_wx, π (M_wx), P_wx, P_t5x, D_wx, d_4kpx, it is institute in engine testsand Have in the engine of test, the corresponding ginseng of supersonic speed engine in addition to the maximum engine of nozzle rate of discharge Number.

Further, the throat diameter of injection air-flow is D_akp1, a diameter of D of described injection air-flow expansion segment_a2, described D_akp1And D_a2Meet following equations group：

P_am1=P_tb1(16)

In above-mentioned equation group：D_akp1：The throat diameter of injection air-flow, unit is mm；S_akp1：The face of the venturi of injection air-flow Long-pending, unit is mm²；G_a1：The flow of injection air-flow, unit is kg/s；T_ta1：The temperature of injection air-flow, unit is K；P_takp1：Draw The stagnation pressure emanated in stream venturi, unit is Mpa；P_tam1：Injection air-flow corresponds in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number Stagnation pressure, unit be Mpa；δ₁：Injection air-flow is in the total pressure recovery coefficient of injection air-flow expansion segment；P_am1：Injection air-flow is in injection The corresponding static pressure of air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number, unit is Mpa；M_a1：Injection air-flow exports in injection air-flow expansion segment Section Mach number；π(M_a1)：Injection air-flow is in the corresponding static pressure of injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number and overall pressure tatio；k： Specific heat ratio；P_tb1：By injection air-flow stagnation pressure, unit is Mpa；G_b1：By the flow of injection air-flow, unit is kg/s；n₁：Injection system Number；D_a2：The diameter of injection air-flow expansion segment, unit is mm；S_a2：The area of injection air-flow expansion segment, unit is mm²；q(M_a1)： Injection air-flow is in the corresponding velocity coeffficient of injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number；Wherein, injection air-flow is in injection air-flow Expansion segment outlet Mach number is more than 1, and described injection air-flow is in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number by known Determine by injection air-flow stagnation pressure with by the flow of injection air-flow, described mass ratio of induced-to-inducing air is gone out in injection air-flow expansion segment by injection air-flow The stagnation temperature of mouthful section Mach number and known injection air-flow and being determined by the stagnation temperature of injection air-flow.

Further, a diameter of D of the straight section such as described blending_ckp1, length is L_ckp1；Blend a diameter of D of converging portion_c11, Convergency is α₁, length is L_c11；The described a diameter of D blending expansion segment_a2, the angle of flare is α₂, length is L_c12；Described D_ckp1, L_ckp1, D_c11, α₁₁, L_c11, D_c12, α₁₂, L_c12Meet following equations group：

S_ckp1=S_akp1×f_ackp1(22)

L_ckp1=4 × D_ckp1(23)

S_c11=1.95 × S_ckp1(25)

D_c11=D_c12(26)

In above-mentioned equation group：D_ckp1：The diameter of the straight sections such as blending, unit is mm；S_ckp1：The area of the straight sections such as blending, unit For mm²；f_ackp1：The area ratio of straight section and the venturi of injection air-flow such as blend；L_ckp1：The length of the straight sections such as blending, unit is mm； D_c11：Blend the diameter of converging portion, unit is mm；S_c11：Blend the area of converging portion, unit is mm²；D_c12：Blend expansion segment Diameter, unit is mm；L_c11：Blend the length of converging portion, unit is mm；α₁₁：Blend the convergency of converging portion, unit is ° L_c12： Blend the length of expansion segment, unit is mm；α₁₂：Blend expansion segment the angle of flare, unit be °；Wherein, straight section and the injection such as blending The area of the straight sections such as airflow injection air-flow determines in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number than by injection air-flow.

Further, the described convergency blending converging portion meets：4°≤α₁₁≤ 5 °, the described angle of flare blending expansion segment Meet：4°≤α₁₂≤5°.

Further, a diameter of D of described low pressure room housing₁, the diameter of described low pressure room housing meets equation：D₁= 1.05×D_c11, wherein, D₁Unit be mm；The length of described changeover portion is S₁, the length of described changeover portion meets equation：S₁= D₁-D_c11, wherein, S₁Unit be mm.

Setting of the present invention for the tail room of engine testsand gas extraction system after, when engine export maximum flow Test engine when being tested, the supersonic gas that nozzle outlet is discharged flow into tail room converging portion, pass through The tail cell structure of Laval nozzle shape dress, by a series of Shock Wave, is finally reduced to subsonic speed, tail room converging portion enters a kind of horse raised north of the Grean Wall Stagnation pressure P after the corresponding normal shock wave of conspicuous number_tw, the static pressure P in the corresponding altitude simulation cabin of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number_WAnd tail The pressure ratio of roomMeet formula (29)-(31)；

When test engine in addition to the test engine except engine export maximum flow is tested, engines tail The supersonic gas that nozzle exit is discharged flow in corresponding replaceable little tail room, by the tail room of class Laval nozzle shape Structure, by a series of Shock Wave, after being finally reduced to the corresponding normal shock wave of the replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number of subsonic speed Stagnation pressure P_twx, the static pressure P in the corresponding altitude simulation cabin of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number_WxAnd the pressure ratio of tail room Meet formula (32)-(35)；

Wherein,For after the corresponding normal shock wave of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number with normal shock wave before overall pressure tatio.

Compared with prior art, supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented the exhaust apparatus tool of simulated test There are following Advantageous Effects：

(1) pass through the tail room analogue technique of class Laval nozzle shape, under serial Shock Wave, by nozzle Kinetic energy stagnation is got off effectively, pressure ratio more than 1 improves follow-up air-extractor and passively flows to a mouthful static pressure, reduces follow-up pumping Pressure ratio needed for equipment, and then decrease the injector series of follow-up air-extractor or the volume of vacuum tank, reduce cost；

(2) replaceable little tail cell structure, a kind of a kind of engine little tail of corresponding replacing of nozzle size are set Room, meets the demand of sizes engine test；

(3) by way of combining using circulating cooling and water-spraying control in fixing big tail room, improve cooling effectiveness；

(4) injector in exhaust apparatus of the present invention, by arranging changeover portion, and the outlet by low-pressure chamber With the outlet of injection air-flow expansion segment in same vertical plane, specify that the diameter of the straight sections such as injection air-flow, injection gas simultaneously Stream expansion segment diameter, the straight section diameter such as blending, length；Blend converging portion diameter, convergency, length；Blend expansion segment diameter, expand Subtended angle, length；Injection air-flow expansion segment diameter, low-pressure chamber diameter, the geometrical relationship between transition section length and/or numerical value, carry The high injection performance of injector；

(5) pass through tail room travel(l)ing rest, injector travel(l)ing rest and expansion bellows that setting has roll wheel assembly, inhale Receive the axial length change that metallic conduit causes due to expanding with heat and contract with cold.

Brief description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test.

Fig. 2 is the tail chamber interior structural representation of the exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Figure.

Fig. 3 is the tail outdoor structural representation of the exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Figure.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view in Fig. 2 along A-A.

Fig. 5 is the structure of the tail room converging portion of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is the zoomed-in view in A portion in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the zoomed-in view in B portion in Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is the sectional view in Fig. 5 along B-B.

Fig. 9 is the zoomed-in view in C portion in Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is the knot of the straight sections such as the tail room of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Structure schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is the zoomed-in view in D portion in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is the zoomed-in view in E portion in Figure 10.

Figure 13 is the knot of the tail room expansion segment of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Structure schematic diagram.

Figure 14 is the zoomed-in view in F portion in Figure 13.

Figure 15 is the zoomed-in view in G portion in Figure 13.

Figure 16 is the replaceable little tail room of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Structural representation.

Figure 17 is the tail room travel(l)ing rest of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Front view.

Figure 18 is the tail room travel(l)ing rest of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Left view.

Figure 19 is the tail room travel(l)ing rest of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Tail room roll wheel assembly schematic diagram.

Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of the injector of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test.

Figure 21 is the sectional view in Figure 20 along C-C.

Figure 22 is the schematic diagram of the low-pressure chamber of exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test.

Figure 23 is the injector travel(l)ing rest of the exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Front view.

Figure 24 is the injector travel(l)ing rest of the exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test Left view.

Figure 25 is the injector travel(l)ing rest of the exhaust apparatus that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented simulated test The schematic diagram of roll wheel assembly.

Specific embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1-2 5, a kind of supersonic speed nozzle is vented the exhaust apparatus of simulated test, according to engines tail Jet pipe 3 exiting exhaust gas flow direction, described exhaust apparatus includes the tail room being coaxially fixedly connected sequentially and injector 100, described Tail room includes fixing big tail room and replaceable little tail room 50, according to nozzle 3 exiting exhaust gas flow direction, described fixation Big tail room includes coaxially passing sequentially through the tail room converging portion 20 that flange is fixedly connected, the straight section such as tail room 30 and tail room expansion segment 40, Described replaceable little tail room 50 includes the little tail room flange 52 being fixedly and coaxially connected and little tail room cylinder 51, described little tail room cylinder 51 are arranged on described tail room converging portion 20 in coaxial with described tail room converging portion 20, described little tail room flange 52 and described tail room The flange of converging portion 20 entrance connects；The big tail room of described fixation is fixing with the tail room support 70 being arranged in altitude simulation cabin 1 even Connect, straight section 30 outlet(discharge) flange such as described tail room with expand bellows 4 one end flange is connected, described expansion bellows 4 another End is fixedly connected with altitude simulation cabin 1；The straight sections 30 such as described tail room converging portion 20, tail room, tail room expansion segment 40 and replaceable little Tail room 50 is hollow revolving body；There is the engine 2 of nozzle 3 and described tail room converging portion 20 is arranged on high-altitude mould Intend in cabin 1, described engine 2 is supersonic speed engine；Described tail room converging portion 20, the straight section such as tail room 30 and tail room expansion segment 40 It is equipped with recirculated cooling water device and cooling water water injector；According to by the flow direction of injection air-flow, described injector 100 wraps Include the low-pressure chamber 110 being sequentially coaxially fixedly connected, changeover portion 120, blend converging portion 130, the straight section 140 such as blending, blend expansion Section 150, described low-pressure chamber 110 includes low pressure room housing 112 and the flange being fixedly connected with low pressure room housing 112 two ends, described Sequentially coaxially it is fixedly connected with annulus shunting guiding device 113, injection according to by the flow direction of injection air-flow in low-pressure chamber 110 Airflow pipeline 117, injection air-flow converging portion 114, injection air-flow expansion segment 115, described annulus shunting guiding device 113 enters Mouth is fixedly connected with injection air-flow inlet manifold 111, and outlet is fixedly connected with the entrance of injection airflow pipeline 117, described Low pressure room housing 112, changeover portion 120, blend converging portion 130, the straight section 140 such as blending, blend expansion segment 150, injection air-flow is defeated Send pipeline 117, injection air-flow converging portion 114, injection air-flow expansion segment 115 is hollow revolving body, described injection air-flow conveying The center line of pipeline 117 is overlapped with the center line of described low pressure room housing 112, and described low-pressure chamber 110 outlet is drawn with described Emanate the outlet flowing expansion segment 115 in same vertical plane, described low-pressure chamber 110 is connected with injector fixed support 160, institute State the straight sections such as blending 140 to be connected with injector travel(l)ing rest 170；The outlet of described tail room expansion segment 40 is entered with low-pressure chamber 110 Mouth is fixedly connected, and described blending expansion segment 150 is arranged on outside altitude simulation cabin 1,.

Preferably, described annulus shunting guiding device 113 one end is fixedly connected with deflection cone 116, described deflection cone 116 The center line that center line shunts guiding device 113 with described annulus overlaps, and the summit of described deflection cone 116 is in described low-pressure chamber On 110 entrance sections.

Preferably, described tail room converging portion 20 includes tail room converging portion recirculated water and enters water ring 21, tail room converging portion recirculated water Draining ring 22, tail room converging portion circulates water ring 23, tail room converging portion water ring 24, tail room converging portion inner core 25, tail room converging portion Outer tube 26；Pass through axially arranged tail room converging portion reinforcing bar between described tail room converging portion inner core 25 and tail room converging portion outer tube 26 27 are fixedly connected, and described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters the flange that water ring 21 one end exported with tail room converging portion 20 and is fixedly connected, The other end is fixedly connected with tail room converging portion outer tube 26, described tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring 22 one end and tail room converging portion The flange of 20 imports is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with tail room converging portion outer tube 26, and described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters It is provided with tail room converging portion circulation water ring 23 and the spray of tail room converging portion between water ring 21 and tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring 22 Water ring 24, described tail room converging portion circulation water ring 23 and tail room converging portion water ring 24 are arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, described It is provided with nozzle 60, described nozzle 60 sequentially passes through tail room converging portion outer tube 26 and described tail room in tail room converging portion water ring 24 Converging portion inner core 25, described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters the circumference that water ring 21 and tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring 22 are located On, tail room converging portion outer tube 26 is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, and recirculated water passes through described recirculated water Inlet opening is entered the interlayer between described tail room converging portion inner core 25 and tail room converging portion outer tube 26 and is received in tail room by interlayer Enter tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring 22 after holding back section circulation water ring 23 flowing and discharged by described recirculated water osculum；Institute State tail room converging portion recirculated water and enter water ring 21, tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring 22 is provided with circulating water pipe joint 5, described Cooling water spray pipe joint 6 is provided with tail room converging portion water ring 24；

The straight sections 30 such as described tail room include the straight section recirculated water such as tail room and enter water ring 31, the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as tail room 32, the straight section such as tail room circulates water ring 33, the straight section water ring such as tail room 34, the straight section inner core such as tail room 35, the straight section outer tube such as tail room 36； Pass through the straight section reinforcing bars 37 such as axially arranged tail room fixing between the straight section outer tube such as straight section inner core 35 and tail room such as described tail room 36 Connect, the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room is entered water ring 31 one end and is fixedly connected with the flange of the straight sections such as tail room 30 import, the other end It is fixedly connected with straight section outer tube 36 such as tail rooms, the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as described tail room 32 one end is exported with the straight sections such as tail room 30 Flange be fixedly connected, the other end is fixedly connected with straight section outer tube 36 such as tail rooms, and the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room enters water ring 31 It is provided with the straight sections such as the tail room circulation straight section water ring such as water ring 33 and tail room 34 and the straight section recirculated water draining ring 32 such as tail room between, The straight sections such as the described tail room circulation straight section water ring such as water ring 33 and tail room 34 is arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, and described tail room etc. is straight It is provided with nozzle 60, described nozzle 60 sequentially passes through in the straight section such as the straight section outer tube such as tail room 36 and described tail room in section water ring 34 Cylinder 35, the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room enters on the circumference at the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as water ring 31 and tail room 32 place, tail room It is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum Deng straight section outer tube 36, recirculated water is entered by described recirculated water inlet opening Enter the interlayer between the straight section outer tube such as straight section inner core 35 and tail room such as described tail room 36 and circulated in straight sections such as tail rooms by interlayer Enter the straight section recirculated water draining rings 32 such as tail room after water ring 33 flowing and discharged by described recirculated water osculum；Described tail room etc. Straight section recirculated water enters water ring 31, and the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as tail room 32 is provided with circulating water pipe joint 5, and described tail room etc. is straight Cooling water spray pipe joint 6 is provided with section water ring 34；

Described tail room expansion segment 40 includes tail room expansion segment recirculated water and enters water ring 41, tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring 42, tail room expansion segment circulates water ring 43, tail room expansion segment water ring 44, tail room expansion segment inner core 45, tail room expansion segment outer tube 46； Pass through axially arranged tail room expansion segment reinforcing bar 47 fixing between described tail room expansion segment inner core 45 and tail room expansion segment outer tube 46 Connect, described tail room expansion segment recirculated water is entered water ring 41 one end and is fixedly connected with the flange of tail room expansion segment 40 import, the other end It is fixedly connected with tail room expansion segment outer tube 46, described tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring 42 one end is exported with tail room expansion segment 40 Flange be fixedly connected, the other end is fixedly connected with tail room expansion segment outer tube 46, and described tail room expansion segment recirculated water enters water ring 41 It is provided with tail room expansion segment circulation water ring 43 and tail room expansion segment water ring 44 and tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring 42 between, Described tail room expansion segment circulation water ring 43 and tail room expansion segment water ring 44 are arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, the expansion of described tail room It is provided with nozzle 60, described nozzle 60 sequentially passes through in tail room expansion segment outer tube 46 and described tail room expansion segment in section water ring 44 Cylinder 45, described tail room expansion segment recirculated water enters on the circumference that water ring 41 and tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring 42 are located, tail room Expansion segment outer tube 46 is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, and recirculated water is entered by described recirculated water inlet opening Enter the interlayer between described tail room expansion segment inner core 45 and tail room expansion segment outer tube 46 and circulated in tail room expansion segment by interlayer Enter tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring 42 after water ring 43 flowing and discharged by described recirculated water osculum；Described tail room is expanded Open section recirculated water and enter water ring 41, tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring 42 is provided with circulating water pipe joint 5, the expansion of described tail room Cooling water spray pipe joint 6 is provided with section water ring 44.

Preferably, described tail room support 70 includes tail room bracket holder 71, tail room scaffold bracket 72, and tail room support guides Seat 73, tail room support base plate 76, tail room support upper roller guide plate 77, tail room support bottom roller guide plate 78, tail room support rolls Wheel assembly 79, tail room support fixed support 80；Described tail room bracket holder 71 is fixedly connected with described tail room scaffold bracket 72, Described tail room bracket holder 71 is provided with the through hole corresponding with the flange hole of straight section 30 entrances such as described tail room；Described fixation The tail room bracket holder 71 connecting is fixedly connected with tail room support base plate 76 with tail room scaffold bracket 72 lower end, and described tail room is propped up Frame base plate 76 upper surface is fixedly installed tail room support guide holder 73, and described tail room support guide holder 73 is 2, each described tail Pin-and-hole 74 is provided with room support guide holder 73, alignment pin 75 is each passed through the pin-and-hole on 2 described tail room support guide holders 73 2 described tail room support guide holders 73 are connected by 74；Described tail room support base plate 76 lower surface is provided with tail room support upper roller Guide plate 77, described tail room support fixed support 80 bottom is fixedly installed in altitude simulation cabin 1, fixing of described tail room support Frame 80 upper surface is fixedly connected with described tail room support bottom roller guide plate 78 lower surface；Described tail room support roll wheel assembly 79 sets Put between described tail room support upper roller guide plate 77 and described tail room support bottom roller guide plate 78, described tail room support rolls Wheel assembly 79 includes tail room support roller 81 and tail room Support frame 82, and described tail room support roller 81 is arranged on tail room stand frame In frame 82, between the described tail room bracket holder 71 being fixedly connected and tail room scaffold bracket 72 and described tail room support base plate 76 It is provided with tail room support reinforcement 83；

Described injector travel(l)ing rest 170 includes injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket 171, injector travel(l)ing rest base plate 172, injector travel(l)ing rest upper roller guide plate 173, injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate 174, injector activity Frame roll wheel assembly 175, injector travel(l)ing rest lower carriage 177；Described injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket 171 and the straight sections such as blending 140 are fixedly connected, and described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate 172 upper surface is fixedly connected with injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket 171； Described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate 172 lower surface is provided with injector travel(l)ing rest upper roller guide plate 173, described injector Travel(l)ing rest fixed support 177 upper surface is fixedly connected with described injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate 174 lower surface；Institute State injector travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly 175 and be arranged on described injector travel(l)ing rest upper roller guide plate 173 and described injection Between device travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate 174, described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate 172 and injector travel(l)ing rest lower carriage It is fixedly connected by turnbuckle 176 between 177；Described injector travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly 175 includes injector activity Frame roller 178 and injector travel(l)ing rest framework 179, described injector travel(l)ing rest roller 178 is arranged on injector activity In frame framework 179；It is provided between described injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket 171 and described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate 172 Reinforcement 180；Described injector travel(l)ing rest fixed support 177 bottom is fixed with ground by foundation bolt.

Preferably, a diameter of D of described tail room converging portion 20 entrance_w, convergency is α_wr；The straight sections 30 such as described tail room straight Footpath D_wkp, length is L_wkp；A diameter of D of described tail room expansion segment 40 outlet_wc, the angle of flare is α_wc；Described D_w, D_wkp, L_wkpMeet Following equations group：

L_wkp=4D_wkp(7)；

Wherein, real environment when the corresponding static pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number and supersonic speed engine high-altitude flight Pressure is identical, the outlet Mach of the nozzle of the corresponding stagnation pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number and supersonic speed engine The corresponding stagnation pressures of number are identical, and the nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine is more than 1, the starting of supersonic speed engine Tail nozzle exit Mach number, the corresponding stagnation pressure of nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine, supersonic speed is started Real environmental pressure during machine high-altitude flight, specific heat ratio and engine throat diameter are the intrinsic known ginseng of supersonic speed engine Number, the parameter in above-mentioned equation group：M_w, k, π (M_w), P_w, P_t5, W_w, d_4kp,q(M_w), D_wkp, L_wkpIt is engine testsand In all tests engine in, the maximum corresponding parameter of engine of nozzle rate of discharge；

Preferably, a diameter of D of described replaceable little tail room 50_wx, described D_wxMeet following equations group：

Preferably, the throat diameter of injection air-flow is D_akp1, a diameter of D of described injection air-flow expansion segment 115_a2, described D_akp1And D_a2Meet following equations group：

P_am1=P_tb1(16)

Preferably, a diameter of D of the straight section 140 such as described blending_ckp1, length is L_ckp1；Blend a diameter of of converging portion 130 D_c11, convergency is α₁, length is L_c11；The described a diameter of D blending expansion segment 150_a2, the angle of flare is α₂, length is L_c12；Institute State D_ckp1, L_ckp1, D_c11, α₁₁, L_c11, D_c12, α₁₂, L_c12Meet following equations group：

S_ckp1=S_akp1×f_ackp1(22)

L_ckp1=4 × D_ckp1(23)

S_c11=1.95 × S_ckp1(25)

D_c11=D_c12(26)

Preferably, the described convergency blending converging portion meets：4°≤α₁₁≤ 5 °, the described angle of flare blending expansion segment is completely Foot：4°≤α₁₂≤5°；Preferably, the angle of flare of the described convergency blending converging portion and blending expansion segment is 4.4 °.

Preferably, a diameter of D of described low pressure room housing 112₁, the diameter of described low pressure room housing 112 meets equation：D₁ =1.05 × D_c11, wherein, D₁Unit be mm；The length of described changeover portion 120 is S₁, the length satisfaction of described changeover portion 120 Equation：S₁=D₁-D_c11, wherein, S₁Unit be mm.

When test engine in addition to the test engine except engine export maximum flow is tested, engines tail The supersonic gas that nozzle exit is discharged flow in corresponding replaceable little tail room, by the tail room of class Laval nozzle shape Structure, by a series of Shock Wave, is finally reduced to subsonic speed, after the corresponding normal shock wave of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number Stagnation pressure P_twx, the static pressure P of the corresponding stratochamber of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number_WxAnd the pressure ratio of tail roomMeet Formula (32)-(35)；

The operation principle that supersonic speed nozzle of the present invention is vented the exhaust apparatus of simulated test is：First, Gases at high pressure in high-pressure air source enter injection air-flow input section by injection airflow pipeline, by the height in high-pressure air source Calm the anger body by the gas injection in altitude simulation cabin to simulated altitude out of my cabin so that the pressure in simulated altitude cabin reaches supersonic speed The true environment pressure of engine flight height；Then, open to be arranged on and be used for cooling down nozzle on fixing big tail room The equipment water jetting cooler of exiting exhaust gas, simultaneously by supersonic speed engine ignition, is simulated test, supersonic speed nozzle The gas discharged sequentially passes through tail room and injector thus discharging altitude simulation cabin, and the pressure ratio more than 1 improves injector and enters Mouth passively flows to a mouthful static pressure, reduces the pressure ratio of injector, and then decreases the quantity of injector；High pressure in high-pressure air source Gas enters injection air-flow input section by injection airflow pipeline, and described gases at high pressure are through class Laval nozzle shape Injection air-flow converging portion, the straight section such as injection air-flow, form supersonic speed high pressure draught after injection air-flow expansion segment, and then injection edge is led The low pressure that flow cone enters from low pressure chamber inlet by injection air-flow, the supersonic speed injection air-flow of high pressure and low pressure by injection air-flow In the blending converging portion of class Laval nozzle shape, the straight section such as blending, blend expansion segment and be sufficiently mixed, improve by injection air-flow Static pressure thus the air in simulated altitude cabin being entered muffling device, sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus or being directly discharged in air.

Finally illustrate, above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively Good embodiment has been described in detail to the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that can be to the technology of the present invention Scheme is modified and equivalent substitute, the objective without deviating from technical solution of the present invention and scope, and it all should be covered in the present invention Right in the middle of.

Claims

1. a kind of supersonic speed nozzle is vented the exhaust apparatus of simulated test it is characterised in that spraying according to engines tail Pipe (3) exiting exhaust gas flow direction, described exhaust apparatus includes the tail room being coaxially fixedly connected sequentially and injector (100), institute State tail room and include fixing big tail room and replaceable little tail room (50), according to nozzle (3) exiting exhaust gas flow direction, institute State fixing big tail room to include coaxially passing sequentially through tail room converging portion (20) that flange is fixedly connected, the straight section such as tail room (30) and tail room Expansion segment (40), described replaceable little tail room (50) includes little tail room flange (52) and the little tail room cylinder being fixedly and coaxially connected (51) what, described little tail room cylinder (51) was coaxial with described tail room converging portion (20) is arranged in described tail room converging portion (20), The flange of described little tail room flange (52) and described tail room converging portion (20) entrance connects；The big tail room of described fixation be arranged on height Tail room support (70) in empty boiler-plate (1) is fixedly connected, straight section (30) outlet(discharge) flange such as described tail room with expand bellows (4) The flange of one end connects, and the described other end expanding bellows (4) is fixedly connected with altitude simulation cabin (1)；The convergence of described tail room Straight section (30), tail room expansion segment (40) and the replaceable little tail rooms (50) such as section (20), tail room are hollow revolving body；Have and start The engine (2) of tail jet pipe (3) and described tail room converging portion (20) are arranged in altitude simulation cabin (1), described engine (2) For supersonic speed engine；It is cold that described tail room converging portion (20), the straight section such as tail room (30) and tail room expansion segment (40) are equipped with circulation But water installations and cooling water water injector；According to by the flow direction of injection air-flow, described injector (100) is included sequentially coaxially The low-pressure chamber (110) being fixedly connected, changeover portion (120), blend converging portion (130), the straight section (140) such as blending, blend expansion segment (150), described low-pressure chamber (110) includes low pressure room housing (112) and the method being fixedly connected with low pressure room housing (112) two ends Orchid, fills according to being sequentially coaxially fixedly connected with annulus shunting water conservancy diversion by the flow direction of injection air-flow in described low-pressure chamber (110) Put (113), injection airflow pipeline (117), injection air-flow converging portion (114), injection air-flow expansion segment (115), described circle Ring shunting guiding device (113) entrance is fixedly connected with injection air-flow inlet manifold (111), exports and injection airflow pipeline (117) entrance is fixedly connected, described low pressure room housing (112), changeover portion (120), blends converging portion (130), and blending etc. is straight Section (140), blends expansion segment (150), injection airflow pipeline (117), injection air-flow converging portion (114), injection air-flow expands Open section (115) and be hollow revolving body, the center line of described injection airflow pipeline (117) and described low pressure room housing (112) center line overlaps, the outlet of described low-pressure chamber (110) outlet and described injection air-flow expansion segment (115) In same vertical plane, described low-pressure chamber (110) is connected with injector fixed support (160), described blend etc. straight section (140) with draw Emitter travel(l)ing rest (170) connects；The outlet of described tail room expansion segment (40) is fixedly connected with the entrance of low-pressure chamber (110), institute State blending expansion segment (150) and be arranged on altitude simulation cabin (1) outward.

2. exhaust apparatus according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described annulus shunting guiding device (113) one end is solid Surely it is connected with deflection cone (116), the center line of described deflection cone (116) shunts the center of guiding device (113) with described annulus Line overlaps, and the summit of described deflection cone (116) is on described low-pressure chamber (110) entrance section.

3. exhaust apparatus according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described tail room converging portion (20) includes tail room converging portion Recirculated water enters water ring (21), tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring (22), tail room converging portion circulation water ring (23), tail room converging portion Water ring (24), tail room converging portion inner core (25), tail room converging portion outer tube (26)；Described tail room converging portion inner core (25) and tail room It is fixedly connected by axially arranged tail room converging portion reinforcing bar (27) between converging portion outer tube (26), described tail room converging portion circulates Water enters the flange that water ring (21) one end exported with tail room converging portion (20) and is fixedly connected, the other end and tail room converging portion outer tube (26) It is fixedly connected, described tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring (22) one end is fixing with the flange of tail room converging portion (20) import even Connect, the other end is fixedly connected with tail room converging portion outer tube (26), described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters water ring (21) and tail room is received Hold back and between section recirculated water draining ring (22), be provided with tail room converging portion circulation water ring (23) and tail room converging portion water ring (24), institute State tail room converging portion circulation water ring (23) and tail room converging portion water ring (24) is arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, described tail room is received Hold back and in a section water ring (24), be provided with nozzle (60), described nozzle (60) sequentially passes through tail room converging portion outer tube (26) and described tail Room converging portion inner core (25), described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters water ring (21) and tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring (22) institute Circumference on, tail room converging portion outer tube (26) is respectively arranged with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, and recirculated water passes through Described recirculated water inlet opening enters the interlayer between described tail room converging portion inner core (25) and tail room converging portion outer tube (26) and leads to Cross interlayer and enter tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring (22) after tail room converging portion circulation water ring (23) flowing and by described Recirculated water osculum is discharged；Described tail room converging portion recirculated water enters water ring (21), on tail room converging portion recirculated water draining ring (22) It is provided with circulating water pipe joint (5), described tail room converging portion water ring (24) is provided with cooling water spray pipe joint (6)；

The straight section such as described tail room (30) includes the straight section recirculated waters such as tail room and enters water ring (31), the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as tail room (32), the straight section such as tail room circulation water ring (33), the straight section water ring such as tail room (34), the straight section inner core such as tail room (35), tail room etc. is straight Section outer tube (36)；Pass through axially arranged tail room etc. between the straight section outer tube such as the straight section inner core such as described tail room (35) and tail room (36) Straight section reinforcing bar (37) is fixedly connected, and the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room enters water ring (31) one end and straight section (30) imports such as tail room Flange is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with straight section outer tube (36) such as tail rooms, the straight section recirculated water draining ring such as described tail room (32) flange that one end is exported with the straight sections such as tail room (30) is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixing with straight section outer tube (36) such as tail rooms even Connect, the straight section recirculated water such as described tail room enters and is provided with tail room etc. between straight section recirculated water draining ring such as water ring (31) and tail room (32) The straight section water ring (34) such as straight section circulation water ring (33) and tail room, the straight section such as the straight section such as described tail room circulation water ring (33) and tail room Water ring (34) is arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, is provided with nozzle (60) in the straight section water ring such as described tail room (34), described Nozzle (60) sequentially passes through the straight section inner core such as the straight section outer tube such as tail room (36) and described tail room (35), and the straight section such as described tail room circulates Water enters on the circumference that straight section recirculated water draining ring such as water ring (31) and tail room (32) are located, and the straight section outer tube such as tail room (36) sets respectively It is equipped with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, recirculated water passes through described recirculated water inlet opening and enters in the straight sections such as described tail room Interlayer between the cylinder straight section outer tube such as (35) and tail room (36) and by interlayer after the straight sections such as tail room circulation water ring (33) flow Enter straight sections recirculated water draining ring (32) such as tail room and discharged by described recirculated water osculum；The straight section recirculated waters such as described tail room Enter water ring (31), straight section recirculated water draining ring such as tail room (32) is provided with circulating water pipe joint (5), the straight section such as described tail room sprays Cooling water spray pipe joint (6) is provided with water ring (34)；

Described tail room expansion segment (40) includes tail room expansion segment recirculated water and enters water ring (41), tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring (42), tail room expansion segment circulation water ring (43), tail room expansion segment water ring (44), tail room expansion segment inner core (45), tail room is expanded Section outer tube (46)；Pass through axially arranged tail room between described tail room expansion segment inner core (45) and tail room expansion segment outer tube (46) to expand Open section reinforcing bar (47) to be fixedly connected, described tail room expansion segment recirculated water enters water ring (41) one end and expansion segment (40) import of tail room Flange is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with tail room expansion segment outer tube (46), described tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring (42) flange that one end is exported with tail room expansion segment (40) is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixing with tail room expansion segment outer tube (46) even Connect, described tail room expansion segment recirculated water enters to be provided with tail room between water ring (41) and tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring (42) and expands Open section circulation water ring (43) and tail room expansion segment water ring (44), described tail room expansion segment circulation water ring (43) and tail room expansion segment Water ring (44) is arranged alternately in the axial direction successively, is provided with nozzle (60) in described tail room expansion segment water ring (44), described Nozzle (60) sequentially passes through tail room expansion segment outer tube (46) and described tail room expansion segment inner core (45), and described tail room expansion segment circulates Water enters on the circumference that water ring (41) and tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring (42) are located, and tail room expansion segment outer tube (46) sets respectively It is equipped with recirculated water inlet opening and recirculated water osculum, recirculated water passes through described recirculated water inlet opening and enters in the expansion segment of described tail room Cylinder (45) and tail room expansion segment outer tube (46) between interlayer and by interlayer tail room expansion segment circulation water ring (43) flow after Enter tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring (42) and discharged by described recirculated water osculum；Described tail room expansion segment recirculated water Enter water ring (41), tail room expansion segment recirculated water draining ring (42) is provided with circulating water pipe joint (5), described tail room expansion segment sprays Cooling water spray pipe joint (6) is provided with water ring (44).

4. exhaust apparatus according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described tail room support (70) inclusion tail room support is fixed Frame (71), tail room scaffold bracket (72), tail room support guide holder (73), tail room support base plate (76), tail room support upper roller is led To plate (77), tail room support bottom roller guide plate (78), tail room support roll wheel assembly (79), tail room support fixed support (80)； Described tail room bracket holder (71) is fixedly connected with described tail room scaffold bracket (72), and described tail room bracket holder (71) sets It is equipped with the through hole corresponding with the flange hole of straight section (30) entrances such as described tail room；The described tail room bracket holder being fixedly connected (71) it is fixedly connected with tail room support base plate (76) with tail room scaffold bracket (72) lower end, described tail room support base plate (76) upper table Face is fixedly installed tail room support guide holder (73), and described tail room support guide holder (73) is 2, and each described tail room support is led Pin-and-hole (74) is provided with seat (73), alignment pin (75) is each passed through the pin-and-hole on 2 described tail rooms support guide holder (73) (74) 2 described tail rooms support guide holder (73) are connected；Described tail room support base plate (76) lower surface is provided with tail room support Upper roller guide plate (77), described tail room support fixed support (80) bottom is fixedly installed in altitude simulation cabin (1), described tail Room support fixed support (80) upper surface is fixedly connected with described tail room support bottom roller guide plate (78) lower surface；Described tail room Support roll wheel assembly (79) is arranged on described tail room support upper roller guide plate (77) and described tail room support bottom roller guide plate (78), between, described tail room support roll wheel assembly (79) includes tail room support roller (81) and tail room Support frame (82), described Tail room support roller (81) is arranged in tail room Support frame (82), described tail room bracket holder (71) being fixedly connected and tail It is provided with tail room support reinforcement (83) between room scaffold bracket (72) and described tail room support base plate (76)；

Described injector travel(l)ing rest (170) includes injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket (171), injector travel(l)ing rest base plate (172), injector travel(l)ing rest upper roller guide plate (173), injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate (174), injector Travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly (175), injector travel(l)ing rest lower carriage (177)；Described injector travel(l)ing rest upper bracket (171) It is fixedly connected with straight sections (140) such as blending, on described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate (172) upper surface and injector travel(l)ing rest Support (171) is fixedly connected；Described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate (172) lower surface is provided with injector travel(l)ing rest upper roller Guide plate (173), described injector travel(l)ing rest fixed support (177) upper surface and described injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller are led It is fixedly connected to plate (174) lower surface；Described injector travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly (175) is arranged on described injector activity Between frame upper roller guide plate (173) and described injector travel(l)ing rest bottom roller guide plate (174), described injector activity It is fixedly connected by turnbuckle (176) between frame base plate (172) and injector travel(l)ing rest lower carriage (177)；Described injection Device travel(l)ing rest roll wheel assembly (175) includes injector travel(l)ing rest roller (178) and injector travel(l)ing rest framework (179), Described injector travel(l)ing rest roller (178) is arranged in injector travel(l)ing rest framework (179)；Described injector travel(l)ing rest It is provided with reinforcement (180) between upper bracket (171) and described injector travel(l)ing rest base plate (172)；Described injector activity Support fixed support (177) bottom is fixed with ground by foundation bolt.

5. exhaust apparatus according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that a diameter of D of described tail room converging portion (20) entrance_w, Convergency is α_wr；The diameter D of the straight section such as described tail room (30)_wkp, length is L_wkp；The diameter that described tail room expansion segment (40) exports For D_wc, the angle of flare is α_wc；Described D_w, D_wkp, L_wkpMeet following equations group：

M_{w} = {[\frac{2}{k - 1} (π {(M_{w})}^{\frac{- (k - 1)}{k}} - 1)]}^{0.5} - - - (1);

π (M_{w}) = \frac{P_{w}}{P_{t 5}} - - - (2);

D_{w} = {[{(1 + \frac{k - 1}{2} M_{W}^{2})}^{\frac{k - 1}{2 (k - 1)}} / 0.5 M_{w} {(k + 1)}^{\frac{k + 1}{2 (k - 1)}}]}^{0.5} d_{4 k p} - - - (3);

{\overset{&OverBar;}{P}}_{t w s} = {[\frac{(k + 1) M_{W}^{2}}{(k - 1) M_{w}^{2} + 2}]}^{\frac{k}{k - 1}} {[\frac{k + 1}{2 {kM}_{w}^{2} - k + 1}]}^{\frac{1}{k - 1}} - - - (4);

q (M_{w}) = \frac{M_{W} {(0.5 (k + 1))}^{(k + 1) / 2 (k - 1)}}{{(1 + 0.5 (k - 1) {M_{W}}^{2})}^{(k + 1) / 2 (k - 1)}} - - - (5);

D_{w k p} = d_{4 k p} {(\frac{q (M_{w})}{{\overset{&OverBar;}{p}}_{t w s}})}^{0.5} - - - (6);

L_wkp=4D_wkp(7)；

In above-mentioned equation group：M_w：Tail room converging portion entrance Mach number；k：Specific heat ratio；π(M_w)：Tail room converging portion entrance Mach number pair The static pressure answered and stagnation pressure ratio；P_w：The corresponding static pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number, unit is pa；P_t5：Tail room converging portion enters The mouth corresponding stagnation pressure of Mach number, unit is pa；D_w：The diameter of tail room converging portion entrance, unit is mm；d_4kp：Engine venturi is straight Footpath, unit is mm；After the corresponding normal shock wave of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number with normal shock wave before overall pressure tatio；q(M_w)：Tail The corresponding velocity coeffficient of room converging portion entrance Mach number；D_wkp：The diameter of the straight sections such as tail room, unit is mm；L_wkp：The straight sections such as tail room Length, unit be mm；

Wherein, real environmental pressure when the corresponding static pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number and supersonic speed engine high-altitude flight Identical, the exit Mach number pair of the nozzle of the corresponding stagnation pressure of tail room converging portion entrance Mach number and supersonic speed engine The stagnation pressure answered is identical, and the nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine is more than 1, the engines tail of supersonic speed engine Nozzle exit Mach number, the corresponding stagnation pressure of nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine, supersonic speed engine is high Real environmental pressure during empty flight, specific heat ratio and engine throat diameter are the intrinsic known parameters of supersonic speed engine, Parameter in above-mentioned equation group：M_w, k, π (M_w), P_w, P_t5, W_w, d_4kp,q(M_w), D_wkp, L_wkpIt is in engine testsand In the engine of all tests, the maximum corresponding parameter of engine of nozzle rate of discharge；

6. exhaust apparatus according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that a diameter of D of described replaceable little tail room (50)_wx, Described D_wxMeet following equations group：

M_{w x} = {[\frac{2}{k - 1} (π {(M_{w x})}^{\frac{- (k - 1)}{k}} - 1)]}^{0.5} - - - (8);

π (M_{w x}) = \frac{P_{w x}}{P_{t 5 x}} - - - (9);

D_{w x} = {[{(1 + \frac{k - 1}{2} M_{W x}^{2})}^{\frac{k - 1}{2 (k - 1)}} / 0.5 M_{w x} {(k + 1)}^{\frac{(k + 1)}{2 (k - 1)}}]}^{0.5} d_{4 k p x} - - - (10);

In above-mentioned equation group：M_wx：Replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number；π(M_wx)：Replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number is corresponding Static pressure and stagnation pressure ratio；P_wx：The corresponding static pressure of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number, unit is pa；P_t5x：Replaceable little tail room The corresponding stagnation pressure of entrance Mach number, unit is pa；D_wx：Replaceable little tail chamber inlet diameter, unit is mm；d_4kpx：Engine tries In the engine of all tests in ride, the starting of engine in addition to the maximum engine of nozzle rate of discharge Machine throat diameter, unit is mm；

Wherein, the corresponding static pressure of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number and real environment pressure during supersonic speed engine high-altitude flight Power is identical, the outlet Mach of the corresponding stagnation pressure of replaceable little tail chamber inlet Mach number and the nozzle of supersonic speed engine The corresponding stagnation pressures of number are identical, and the nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine is more than 1, the starting of supersonic speed engine Tail nozzle exit Mach number, the corresponding stagnation pressure of nozzle exit Mach number of supersonic speed engine, supersonic speed is started Real environmental pressure during machine high-altitude flight, in the engine of all tests in specific heat ratio and engine testsand, except starting The engine throat diameter of the engine beyond the engine of tail nozzle exit maximum flow is that supersonic speed engine is intrinsic Known parameters, the parameter in above-mentioned equation group：M_wx, π (M_wx), P_wx, P_t5x, D_wx, d_4kpx, it is all examinations in engine testsand The corresponding parameter of supersonic speed engine in the engine tested, in addition to the maximum engine of nozzle rate of discharge.

7. exhaust apparatus according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the throat diameter of injection air-flow is D_akp1, described injection A diameter of D of air-flow expansion segment (115)_a2, described D_akp1And D_a2Meet following equations group：

D_{a k p 1} = \sqrt{\frac{4 S_{a k p 1}}{3.14}} - - - (11)

S_{a k p 1} = \frac{G_{a 1} \times \sqrt{T_{t a 1}}}{0.0404 \times P_{t a k p 1}} - - - (12)

P_{t a k p 1} = \frac{P_{t a m 1}}{δ_{1}} - - - (13)

P_{t a m 1} = \frac{P_{a m 1}}{π (M_{a 1})} - - - (14)

π (M_{a 1}) = {(1 + \frac{k - 1}{2} {M_{a 1}}^{2})}^{- \frac{k}{k - 1}} - - - (15)

P_am1=P_tb1(16)

G_{a 1} = \frac{G_{b 1}}{n_{1}} - - - (17)

D_{a 2} = \sqrt{\frac{4 S_{a 2}}{3.14}} - - - (18)

S_{a 2} = \frac{S_{a k p 1}}{δ_{1} * q (M_{a 1})} - - - (19)

q (M_{a 1}) = \frac{M_{a 1} {(0.5 (k + 1))}^{(k + 1) / 2 (k - 1)}}{{(1 + 0.5 (k - 1) {M_{a 1}}^{2})}^{(k + 1) / 2 (k - 1)}} - - - (20)

In above-mentioned equation group：D_akp1：The throat diameter of injection air-flow, unit is mm；S_akp1：The area of the venturi of injection air-flow, single Position is mm²；G_a1：The flow of injection air-flow, unit is kg/s；T_ta1：The temperature of injection air-flow, unit is K；P_takp1：Injection air-flow Stagnation pressure in venturi, unit is Mpa；P_tam1：Injection air-flow in the corresponding stagnation pressure of injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number, Unit is Mpa；δ₁：Injection air-flow is in the total pressure recovery coefficient of injection air-flow expansion segment；P_am1：Injection air-flow expands in injection air-flow Open the corresponding static pressure of section outlet Mach number, unit is Mpa；M_a1：Injection air-flow is in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet horse Conspicuous number；π(M_a1)：Injection air-flow is in the corresponding static pressure of injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number and overall pressure tatio；k：Specific heat ratio； P_tb1：By injection air-flow stagnation pressure, unit is Mpa；G_b1：By the flow of injection air-flow, unit is kg/s；n₁：Mass ratio of induced-to-inducing air；D_a2：Draw Emanate and flow the diameter of expansion segment, unit is mm；S_a2：The area of injection air-flow expansion segment, unit is mm²；q(M_a1)：Injection air-flow In the corresponding velocity coeffficient of injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number；Wherein, injection air-flow goes out in injection air-flow expansion segment Mouthful section Mach number is more than 1, described injection air-flow in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number by known by injection gas Flow stagnation pressure and determined by the flow of injection air-flow, described mass ratio of induced-to-inducing air is by injection air-flow in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet horse The stagnation temperature of conspicuous number and known injection air-flow and being determined by the stagnation temperature of injection air-flow, by the stagnation pressure of injection air-flow, flow, stagnation temperature with The stagnation pressure that tail room expansion segment (40) exports, flow, stagnation temperature is identical.

8. exhaust apparatus according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that a diameter of D of the straight section such as described blending (140)_ckp1, Length is L_ckp1；Blend a diameter of D of converging portion (130)_c11, convergency is α₁, length is L_c11；Described blending expansion segment (150) A diameter of D_a2, the angle of flare is α₂, length is L_c12；Described D_ckp1, L_ckp1, D_c11, α₁₁, L_c11, D_c12, α₁₂, L_c12Meet following side Journey group：

D_{c k p 1} = \sqrt{\frac{4 S_{c k p 1}}{3.14}} - - - (21)

S_ckp1=S_akp1×f_ackp1(22)

L_ckp1=4 × D_ckp1(23)

D_{c 11} = \sqrt{\frac{4 S_{c 11}}{3.14}} - - - (24)

S_c11=1.95 × S_ckp1(25)

D_c11=D_c12(26)

L_{c 11} = \frac{\frac{1}{2} (D_{c 11} - D_{c k p 1})}{\tan \frac{α_{11}}{2}} - - - (27)

L_{c 12} = \frac{\frac{1}{2} (D_{c 12} - D_{c k p 1})}{\tan \frac{α_{12}}{2}} - - - (28)

In above-mentioned equation group：D_ckp1：The diameter of the straight sections such as blending, unit is mm；S_ckp1：The area of straight section such as blend, unit is mm²；f_ackp1：The area ratio of straight section and the venturi of injection air-flow such as blend；L_ckp1：The length of the straight sections such as blending, unit is mm； D_c11：Blend the diameter of converging portion, unit is mm；S_c11：Blend the area of converging portion, unit is mm²；D_c12：Blend expansion segment Diameter, unit is mm；L_c11：Blend the length of converging portion, unit is mm；α₁₁：Blend the convergency of converging portion, unit is ° L_c12： Blend the length of expansion segment, unit is mm；α₁₂：Blend expansion segment the angle of flare, unit be °；Wherein, straight section and the injection such as blending The area of the straight sections such as airflow injection air-flow determines in injection air-flow expansion segment outlet Mach number than by injection air-flow.

9. exhaust apparatus according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that the convergency of described blending converging portion meets：4°≤ α₁₁≤ 5 °, the described angle of flare blending expansion segment meets：4°≤α₁₂≤5°.

10. exhaust apparatus according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that a diameter of D of described low pressure room housing (112)₁, institute The diameter stating low pressure room housing (112) meets equation：D₁=1.05 × D_c11, wherein, D₁Unit be mm；Described changeover portion (120) length is S₁, the length of described changeover portion (120) meets equation：S₁=D₁-D_c11, wherein, S₁Unit be mm.