CN106441796A - Pneumatic optical effect simulation device - Google Patents

Pneumatic optical effect simulation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106441796A
CN106441796A CN201610876371.5A CN201610876371A CN106441796A CN 106441796 A CN106441796 A CN 106441796A CN 201610876371 A CN201610876371 A CN 201610876371A CN 106441796 A CN106441796 A CN 106441796A
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China
Prior art keywords
fan
optical effect
opening
layer
analogue means
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Granted
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CN201610876371.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106441796B (en
Inventor
赵烟桥
于博洋
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201810422333.1A priority Critical patent/CN108827586A/en
Priority to CN201810422330.8A priority patent/CN108507755A/en
Priority to CN201810421662.4A priority patent/CN108387362B/en
Priority to CN201610876371.5A priority patent/CN106441796B/en
Publication of CN106441796A publication Critical patent/CN106441796A/en
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Publication of CN106441796B publication Critical patent/CN106441796B/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/08Aerodynamic models
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/06Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
    • G01M9/065Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/08Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/08Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
    • G09B23/12Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of liquids or gases

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a pneumatic optical effect simulation device, and belongs to the technical field of pneumatic optics. The pneumatic optical effect simulation device comprises a black body of which the opening is upward and a pot body which is arranged on the black body with the opening downwardly arranged. The opening of the black body and the opening of the pot body are connected through a telescopic structure. The telescopic structure is internally provided with double layer fans. The telescopic structure comprises an internal telescopic tube, a heat insulation layer and an external telescopic tube which are arranged from inside to outside in turn. The internal telescopic tube comprises a non-telescopic end which is arranged in the middle and telescopic tubes which are connected with the two ends of the non-telescopic end. An iris diaphragm structure is installed on the non-telescopic end. The double layer fans comprise a first fan and a second fan which are vertically arranged. The first fan and the second fan are different in the number of blades, different in rotating speed and different in rotating direction. All the blades of the first fan and the second fan are different in width. The characteristic that cold and hot air forms strong convection is utilized to directly generate airflow generating the pneumatic optical effect so that the objective of direction simulation of the pneumatic optical effect can be realized.

Description

A kind of aero-optical effect analogue means
Technical field
A kind of aero-optical effect analogue means belongs to Pneumatic optical technical field.
Background technology
Aircraft when atmosphere high speed flight, due to its optical dome and between origin stream produce actual gas effect Should, SHOCK WAVE INDUCED boundary layer separation, interfering without viscosity flow and boundary layer, thus produce because of current density change, temperature The complex flowfield that change, constituent change and gas molecule ionization etc. cause, infrared imaging detection system is caused heat, heat by this Radiation and image transmitting interference, cause target offset, shake, obscure, and this effect is referred to as aero-optical effect.
Aero-optical effect brings adverse effect to infrared image terminal guidance, make target seeker to the detection of target, follow the tracks of with Recognition capability declines, and then affects terminal guidance precision.Due to flow field density change, change the original of the light propagated wherein Path, produces deviation and phase place change, causes the skew causing image on imaging plane, fuzzy, shake and energy loss.As Fruit can explore Pneumatic optical degeneration mechanism, it becomes possible to correction Pneumatic optical degeneration image, reduces aberration, improves optical imagery matter Amount.Visible, exploring Pneumatic optical degeneration mechanism is to improve the committed step of picture quality.
Explore Pneumatic optical degeneration mechanism, need to simulate aero-optical effect.At present, a lot of aero-optical effects simulation dress Putting is all optical analog device, for example the patent of invention of Application No. 201410456264.8《Pneumatic light based on distorted image Learn effect analog device》, and algorithm simulation, the such as patent of invention of Application No. 201310193486.0《A kind of simulation is pneumatic The method and system of optical effect》, these analogue means or method all do not directly generate produce aero-optical effect air-flow, Being consequently belonging to indirect analog, and being not belonging to directly simulate, therefore the aero-optical effect of distance reality is also had any different.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention discloses a kind of aero-optical effect analogue means, this analogue means utilizes Cold and hot gas forms the characteristic of strong convection, directly generates the air-flow producing aero-optical effect, it is achieved aero-optical effect is straight Connect the purpose of simulation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of aero-optical effect analogue means, including the black matrix of opening upwards, is arranged on the downward tank body of black matrix upper opening, Being connected by stretching structure between the opening of black matrix and the opening of tank body, described stretching structure is internally provided with double-deck fan;
Described black matrix includes ceramic layer, intermediate layer, cooling layer and shell from inside to outside successively;It is provided with in the middle of described intermediate layer Resistance wire, inwall is provided with temperature sensor, described cooling layer water-filling;
Described tank body top is provided with opening, and opening is provided with lid;
Described stretching structure includes internal layer telescoping tube, heat-insulation layer and outer layer telescoping tube, described internal layer telescoping tube from inside to outside successively Including be arranged on the non-telescoping end of centre and the telescoping tube composition being connected to non-god contracting end two ends, non-god's contracting end installs bilayer Fan;
Described double-deck fan includes the first fan setting up and down and the second fan, the blade of described first fan and the second fan Quantity is different, and rotating speed is different, turns to difference, and each the blade width in the first fan and the second fan is different.
Above-mentioned vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means, also includes water tank and water pump, and described cooling layer top and bottom are each Having an outlet, the water in water tank is pumped into cooling layer outlet at bottom by water pump, and water is from cooling layer top exit reflow tank.
Above-mentioned vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means, described lid is stove coil structures, including multiple diameter is different, phase successively Set, cross section are the annular ring of hierarchic structure.
Above-mentioned vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means, described tank body is stretching structure.
Above vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means, also includes optical imaging system, and described optical imaging system includes Light source, pin hole, collimation lens, grating, object lens and imageing sensor;The light beam that light source sends, forms spot light through needle passing hole, then Forming collimated light beam after collimation lens collimation, illuminating grating, described grating and imageing sensor are separately positioned on object lens Thing side and image space;Wherein, light source, pin hole, collimation lens and grating are arranged on inside black matrix, and imageing sensor is arranged in tank body Portion, object lens are arranged on black matrix inside or tank interior.
Described grating can in its place plane 90-degree rotation.
Beneficial effect:
Firstth, owing to using the mode that black matrix is relative with tank body opening to arrange, therefore, it is possible to it is strongly right to utilize cold and hot gas to be formed The characteristic of stream, directly generates the air-flow producing aero-optical effect, it is achieved the purpose that aero-optical effect is directly simulated;
Secondth, owing to being connected by stretching structure between the opening of black matrix and the opening of tank body, the length of regulation stretching structure, energy The convection current enough changing cold and hot gas is strong, and then changes gas turbulence parameter, therefore, it is possible to change aero-optical effect simulation effect Really, and then increase the simulation context of aero-optical effect analogue means of the present invention;
The the 3rd, owing to being provided with double-deck fan, and described double-deck fan includes the first fan setting up and down and the second fan, described The blade quantity of the first fan and the second fan is different, and rotating speed is different, turns to difference, each in the first fan and the second fan Blade width is different;This blade quantity is different, and rotating speed is different, turns to difference, and the different design of each blade width can be true Protect the randomness of turbulent flow, it is to avoid turbulent flow simulation has local period characteristic, the problem of emulation distortion.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of aero-optical effect analogue means of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of black matrix.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of stretching structure.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of black matrix in specific embodiment two.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of lid.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of optical imaging system in aero-optical effect analogue means of the present invention.
In figure:1 black matrix, 11 ceramic layers, 12 intermediate layers, 13 cooling layers, 14 shells, 2 tank bodies, 3 stretching structures, 31 internal layers are stretched The draw, 32 heat-insulation layers, 33 outer layer telescoping tubes, 4 double-deck fans, 41 first fans, 42 second fans, 5 lids, 6 water tanks, 7 water pumps, 8 Optical imaging system, 81 light sources, 82 pin holes, 83 collimation lenses, 84 gratings, 85 object lens, 86 imageing sensors.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.
Specific embodiment one
The aero-optical effect analogue means of the present embodiment, structural representation is as shown in Figure 1.This aero-optical effect analogue means Including the black matrix 1 of opening upwards, be arranged on the downward tank body 2 of black matrix 1 upper opening, the opening of the opening of black matrix 1 and tank body 2 it Between connected by stretching structure 3, described stretching structure 3 is internally provided with double-deck fan 4;
Described black matrix 1 includes ceramic layer 11, intermediate layer 12, cooling layer 13 and shell 14 from inside to outside successively;Described intermediate layer Being provided with resistance wire in the middle of 12, inwall is provided with temperature sensor, described cooling layer 13 water-filling;The structural representation of black matrix 1 is such as Shown in Fig. 2;
Described tank body 2 top is provided with opening, and opening is provided with lid 5;
Described stretching structure 3 includes internal layer telescoping tube 31, heat-insulation layer 32 and outer layer telescoping tube 33, described internal layer from inside to outside successively Telescoping tube 31 includes the non-telescoping end being arranged on centre and is connected to the telescoping tube composition at non-god contracting end two ends, on non-god's contracting end Double-deck fan 4 is installed;The structural representation of stretching structure 3 is as shown in Figure 3;
Described double-deck fan 4 includes the first fan 41 setting up and down and the second fan 42, described first fan 41 and the second wind The blade quantity of fan 42 is different, and rotating speed is different, turns to difference, and each the blade width in the first fan 41 and the second fan 42 is not With.
Specific embodiment two
The vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means of the present embodiment, on the basis of specific embodiment one, limits further and also wraps Including water tank 6 and water pump 7, described cooling layer 13 top and bottom are respectively arranged with an outlet, and the water in water tank 6 is pumped into cooling by water pump 7 Layer 13 outlet at bottom, water is from cooling layer 13 top exit reflow tank, as shown in Figure 4.
This structure designs, and utilizes the slow thermal conductivity of water, had both achieved the insulation to ceramic layer 11 and intermediate layer 12, it is ensured that The stability of the simulated aero-optical effect of aero-optical effect analogue means, achieves again the cooling to shell 14, it is ensured that real Test safety.
Specific embodiment three
The vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means of the present embodiment, on the basis of specific embodiment one, limits described further Lid 5 is stove coil structures, including the annular ring that multiple diameter is different, be nested successively, cross section is hierarchic structure, as it is shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 That shows is that three annular rings are superimposed and the schematic diagram of stove coil structures after superposition.
This structure designs, can be by adjusting the quantity of annular ring, it is achieved adjust the openings of sizes of lid 5, and then not On the premise of changing other structures, parameter and technical indicator, change aero-optical effect simulation effect, and then increase gas of the present invention The simulation context of dynamic optical effect analogue means.
Specific embodiment four
The vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means of the present embodiment, on the basis of specific embodiment one, limits described further Tank body 2 is stretching structure.
This structure designs, can be by adjusting the length of tank body 2, it is achieved do not changing other structures, parameter and technology On the premise of index, change aero-optical effect simulation effect, and then increase the mould of aero-optical effect analogue means of the present invention Plan scope.
In specific embodiment three and specific embodiment four, the length of openings of sizes or change tank body 2 by changing lid 5 is come Change aero-optical effect simulation effect, and then the simulation context of increase aero-optical effect analogue means of the present invention, be to use Air-flow carries out aero-optical effect and directly simulates the characteristic just having, and this characteristic does not only illustrate in the prior art, and Also the cognition beyond those skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment five
Above vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means, also includes optical imaging system 8, described optical imaging system such as Fig. 6 institute Show, including light source 81, pin hole 82, collimation lens 83, grating 84, object lens 85 and imageing sensor 86;The light beam that light source 81 sends, Form spot light through needle passing hole 82, then form collimated light beam after collimation lens 83 collimation, illuminate grating 84, described grating 84 It is separately positioned on thing side and the image space of object lens 85 with imageing sensor 86;Wherein, light source 81, pin hole 82, collimation lens 83 and light It is internal that grid 84 are arranged on black matrix 1, and it is internal that imageing sensor 86 is arranged on tank body 2, and object lens 85 are arranged on black matrix 1 inside or tank body 2 Internal.
This structure designs, and can be monitored Pneumatic optical simulation effect, utilize the figure that imageing sensor 86 obtains As entering the calculating of line raster 84 contrast decay, control resistance wire the threshold value adjusting temperature sensor according to result of calculation, real Existing whole system closed-loop control, is conducive to improving the accuracy of aero-optical effect simulation.
Specific embodiment six
The vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means of the present embodiment, on the basis of specific embodiment five, limits described further Grating 84 can in its place plane 90-degree rotation.
It has been investigated that, use air-flow carry out the direct analog form of aero-optical effect and use optical analog and algorithm mould Intend essential difference is in that of indirect analog mode, at two-dimensional directional, air-flow can occur that optical analog and algorithm simulation can control Difference, such difference is using air-flow to carry out cannot accurately controlling when aero-optical effect is directly simulated, and this characteristic is not only Do not illustrate in the prior art, and beyond the cognition of those skilled in the art, it is therefore necessary to two-dimensional directional all It is monitored.And this structure qualification of the present embodiment, it is capable of monitoring in the two-dimensional direction the contrast change of grating 84 Rule, is prevented effectively from single direction and realizes simulating, and the problem that other direction is not up to standard, be conducive to improving aero-optical effect mould The accuracy intended.
It should be noted that in the embodiment above, as long as reconcilable technical scheme can carry out permutation and combination, this Skilled person can be possible to according to the mathematical knowledge limit of permutation and combination, and therefore, the present invention is no longer to permutation and combination After technical scheme illustrate one by one, but it is understood that presently disclosed for the technical scheme after permutation and combination.

Claims (6)

1. an aero-optical effect analogue means, it is characterised in that include the black matrix of opening upwards(1), it is arranged on black matrix(1) The downward tank body of upper opening(2), black matrix(1)Opening and tank body(2)Opening between pass through stretching structure(3)Connect, institute State stretching structure(3)It is internally provided with double-deck fan(4);
Described black matrix(1)Include ceramic layer from inside to outside successively(11), intermediate layer(12), cooling layer(13)And shell(14); Described intermediate layer(12)Centre is provided with resistance wire, and inwall is provided with temperature sensor, described cooling layer(13)Water-filling;
Described tank body(2)Top is provided with opening, and opening is provided with lid(5);
Described stretching structure(3)Include internal layer telescoping tube from inside to outside successively(31), heat-insulation layer(32)With outer layer telescoping tube(33), Described internal layer telescoping tube(31)Including be arranged on the non-telescoping end of centre and the telescoping tube composition being connected to non-god contracting end two ends, On non-god's contracting end, double-deck fan is installed(4);
Described double-deck fan(4)Including the first fan setting up and down(41)With the second fan(42), described first fan(41) With the second fan(42)Blade quantity different, rotating speed is different, turns to difference, the first fan(41)With the second fan(42)In Each blade width is different.
2. vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include water tank(6)With Water pump(7), described cooling layer(13)Top and bottom are respectively arranged with an outlet, water pump(7)By water tank(6)In water pump into cooling layer (13)Outlet at bottom, water is from cooling layer(13)Top exit reflow tank.
3. vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lid(5)For stove circle Structure, including the annular ring that multiple diameter is different, be nested successively, cross section is hierarchic structure.
4. vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described tank body(2)For stretching Shrinking structure.
5. the vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means according to claim the 1st, the 2nd, 3 or 4, it is characterised in that also include light Learn imaging system(8), described optical imaging system(8)Including light source(81), pin hole(82), collimation lens(83), grating(84), Object lens(85)And imageing sensor(86);Light source(81)The light beam sending, through needle passing hole(82)Form spot light, then through collimation Lens(83)Form collimated light beam after collimation, illuminate grating(84), described grating(84)With imageing sensor(86)It is respectively provided with At object lens(85)Thing side and image space;Wherein, light source(81), pin hole(82), collimation lens(83)And grating(84)It is arranged on black Body(1)Inside, imageing sensor(86)It is arranged on tank body(2)Inside, object lens(85)It is arranged on black matrix(1)Inside or tank body(2) Internal.
6. vertical pneumatic optical effect analogue means according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described grating(84)Can 90-degree rotation in its place plane.
CN201610876371.5A 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 A kind of aero-optical effect simulator Expired - Fee Related CN106441796B (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810422333.1A CN108827586A (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 Aero-optical effect simulator
CN201810422330.8A CN108507755A (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 Turbulence effect simulator
CN201810421662.4A CN108387362B (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 A kind of aero-optical effect simulator
CN201610876371.5A CN106441796B (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 A kind of aero-optical effect simulator

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CN201610876371.5A CN106441796B (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 A kind of aero-optical effect simulator

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CN201810422330.8A Division CN108507755A (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 Turbulence effect simulator
CN201810422333.1A Division CN108827586A (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 Aero-optical effect simulator
CN201810421662.4A Division CN108387362B (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 A kind of aero-optical effect simulator

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CN106441796B CN106441796B (en) 2018-09-11

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CN201610876371.5A Expired - Fee Related CN106441796B (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 A kind of aero-optical effect simulator
CN201810422330.8A Pending CN108507755A (en) 2016-10-08 2016-10-08 Turbulence effect simulator

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CN106441796B (en) 2018-09-11
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CN108387362B (en) 2019-10-11
CN108507755A (en) 2018-09-07

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