CN106441087A - Workpiece multi-dimension multi-parameter measuring method based on image processing - Google Patents
Workpiece multi-dimension multi-parameter measuring method based on image processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106441087A CN106441087A CN201610673414.XA CN201610673414A CN106441087A CN 106441087 A CN106441087 A CN 106441087A CN 201610673414 A CN201610673414 A CN 201610673414A CN 106441087 A CN106441087 A CN 106441087A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
Abstract
The invention provides a workpiece multi-dimension multi-parameter measuring method based on image processing. Multi-dimension multi-parameter measurement of a to-be-measured object is realized at a measuring platform. The platform is formed by processing software, a scanner, a camera, a linear motor, and a motion slide rail etc. Before a batch of workpieces are measured, required parameters are input through control software and compared with preset thresholds, and different processing modules are started according to characteristics of measuring parameters. After the selection of a solution, the position of a to-be-measured area is estimated through shooting of the camera and the parameters preset by the software, the scanner is driven to scan the workpieces by the linear motor through the slide rail, and the absolute value of each parameter is calculated after obtaining of point cloud data. According to the method, the general measuring platform is established, the cost and the measuring time are reduced, and the precision requirement of measurement is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology such as image procossing, machine vision and sensor, be one kind with image procossing as core, base
Many sizes multiparameter universal measurement method in laser scanning.
Background technology
Traditional detection method mainly adopt contact type measurement, typically on fixing measuring table using sine gauge,
The instruments such as slide gauge, Centigrade scale, or the three coordinate measuring machine using touch sensor etc..Traditional measurement mode is in speed
The performance of aspect is unsatisfactory, it is difficult to meet the demand of commercial production detection at this stage.With photoelectric technology and computer technology
And the development of machine vision, the non-contacting measuring method such as photogrammetric, line laser, laser scanner obtained extensively should
With.Laser scanning methodses can obtain substantial amounts of measurement point within the extremely short time, therefore be widely applied to three-dimensional appearance
The fields such as detection, physical dimension detection, main equipment defects detection.
Based on the workpiece calibration technology of image procossing, with its have noncontact, at high speed, dynamic range is big, quantity of information is rich
Many advantages, such as rich, relative inexpensiveness, occupy more and more important effect in commercial measurement and piece test.In large-scale work
The physical dimension of workpiece in part measuring system, is adequately measured, first has to the complete image of the high-resolution of extraction workpiece.So
And the restriction of the factor such as the visual field due to measurement, shooting distance, can not be obtained by once shooting when image is obtained.Work as quilt
When surveying Workpiece length beyond video camera coverage, then require to obtain multiple image by multiple shooting, using image mosaic skill
Art synthesizes high-resolution complete image.
The method of non-cpntact measurement is more at present, but few for the unified measuring table of sizes, many kinds of parameters, this
It is innovation.While vision and laser combine, conventional combination is the position for being read laser-bounce point by vision.Ours is special
Sharp feature is：By software pre-input and utilize vision（Shoot mark to assist in identifying）Judge that the workpiece that need to measure is located big
Position is caused, is automatically controlled by linear electric motors.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above of prior art, provide based on image procossing
Workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method, specifically has two sets of plan.
First sets of plan is：A kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing, based on a kind of measurement
Platform is realized, and the measuring table composition includes：Surface is provided with the regional platform to be measured of scale, is arranged at region to be measured
Commercial measurement camera and gantry frame structure is fixed above platform, the gantry frame structure has two-dimentional slide rail, motor is fixed on two
On dimension slide rail, can slide in the XY two dimensional surface above regional platform to be measured, the motor is provided with laser scanner；Described
Measuring method is comprised the following steps：
1st step, input need the workpiece parameter of measurement；
2nd step, fixing commercial measurement camera shoot and workpiece are shot, and estimate work using the scale of regional platform to be measured
Part size and location；
The relation of the 3rd step, the workpiece length in the X-axis direction by estimation and the single sweep operation width of laser scanner, sentences
Can disconnected workpiece be completed by single pass；
If the 4th step workpiece can be completed by single pass, motor is moved to correspondence position, using laser scanner pair
Workpiece is scanned, and to scanning, acquired cloud data is processed, the workpiece parameter needed for obtaining；
If the 5th step workpiece can not be completed by single pass, [N/M] individual mark is uniformly placed in surface of the work along X-direction
Thing, wherein N are workpiece length in the X-axis direction, and M is that laser scanner single sweep operation width, workpiece is flagged in X-direction
Thing is divided into [N/M]+1 region；
6th step, using laser scanning with [N/M]+1 region of workpiece is scanned respectively, and be reference using mark
Thing splices to the cloud data for obtaining, and obtains the cloud data of workpiece, the workpiece parameter needed for obtaining after process.
Wherein, the workpiece parameter includes center of circle distance of workpiece size, opening diameter, perforate etc..
Further, on the linear electric motors, commercial measurement camera is also equipped with, for shooting to workpiece.
Further, the mark is rhombus.Preferably, the long-diagonal of rhombus is parallel with Y-axis, rhombus short
Diagonal is parallel with X-axis.
Another sets of plan is：A kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing, it is characterised in that：Base
Realize in a kind of measuring table, the measuring table composition includes：Surface is provided with the regional platform to be measured of scale, setting
Commercial measurement camera and gantry frame structure is fixed above regional platform to be measured, and the gantry frame structure has two-dimentional slide rail, electricity
Machine is fixed on two-dimentional slide rail, can be slided in the XY two dimensional surface above regional platform to be measured, and the motor is provided with industry
Measurement camera；The measuring method is comprised the following steps：
1st step, input need the surface of the work parameter information of measurement；
2nd step, fixing commercial measurement camera shoot and workpiece are shot, and estimate work using the scale of regional platform to be measured
Part size and location；
3rd step, the workpiece size for being obtained according to estimation, judge that can the commercial measurement camera being installed on motor disposably obtain
Surface of the work image；
If the 4th step surface of the work image can once be shot acquisition by the commercial measurement camera, linear electric motors are moved to
Above workpiece, by commercial measurement camera thereon, workpiece is shot, workpiece image is obtained, and goes to the 6th step；
If the 5th step surface of the work image can not once be shot acquisition by the commercial measurement camera, motor is moved to workpiece
Top, is repeatedly shot to workpiece by commercial measurement camera thereon, the image for obtaining is spliced, obtains workpiece figure
Picture, and go to the 6th step；
6th step, image procossing is carried out to workpiece image；
7th step, carry out feature extraction to image, and then obtain surface of the work parameter.
Further, in the 5th step, many sub-pictures are carried out with feature extraction, and image mosaic is carried out according to the feature that extracts.
Further, in the 6th step, first image is filtered processing and enhancement process, then passes through binary-state threshold
Segmented extraction workpiece, finally using rim detection and the boundary information of positioning confirmation workpiece.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Due to setting using complicated laser path, existing technical foundation is used
Be applied improvement, while reducing measurement cost, also reduces the difficulty of measurement, and saves the time of measurement.Due to making
It is laser scanning instrumentation, and different models can be selected according to demand, is also ensured in the precision aspect of measurement.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1-1 is measuring table top view schematic diagram.
Fig. 1-2 is measuring table side view schematic diagram.
Fig. 2-1 is the workpiece calibration flow chart in present example 1.
Fig. 2-2 is the workpiece calibration flow chart in present example 2.
Fig. 3 is that big workpiece scanning flag thing places schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
First as shown in Figure 1, construction platform framework.Gantry frame structure has two-dimentional slide rail, and linear electric motors are in two-dimensional directional
On can move.As illustrated, coming labelling linear electric motors lengthwise movement direction used here as X, Y comes labelling transverse shifting direction,
While set the length of X, Y according to the demand of platform measuring, X, Y length can meet required precision up to 3-4M.Linear electric motors
Upper with design mechanical fixings connect CCD high-definition camera（Commercial measurement camera）And laser scanner, and CCD high definition takes the photograph
Camera and laser scanner can carry out the fine setting of angle by mechanical fixings, to adapt to the measuring environment under different situations.
Secondly, regional platform to be measured is as shown in figure 1, be that linear electric motors motion layer has certain height with linear electric motors guide rail
Degree H, H must are fulfilled in the maximum height claimed range of laser scanner, and the precision for otherwise scanning can produce larger error, with
When CCD high definition camera also to be set according to the data of H accordingly.Regional platform layer surface to be measured is smooth, and its
On have obvious scale i.e. auxiliary calibration, can be also auxiliary sign thing in fixed range plus mark, auxiliary calibration and
The position of workpiece and the size of workpiece more preferably can be more easily estimated in the introducing of auxiliary sign thing, and can save one
Between timesharing.If required parameter is excessively simply single, it is also possible to below Fig. 1 X-axis two ends, H upper half area adds installs two
Photographic head is carrying out auxiliary shooting, and the information for the width of the workpiece and height can carry out auxiliary determination, when can save certain
Between, it is considered to the factor of cost and price is accepted or rejected, and is equally the high-definition camera that installs in X-axis overcentre, is not being had
On the premise of having installation above-mentioned two video camera, for aiding in shooting, the visual angle of this video camera can include measuring table.Two
Between individual aspect with support or other be attached fixing, and leave the space of transformation and upgrade.Platform is also equipped with special PC,
The hardware of PC is individually to be upgraded, in order to the hardware configuration for reaching different demands is required.Data transfer is using wired
Wireless two ways, wired data cube computation that carries out is stable, but circuit is various, and volume exclusion is more；Wireless data connection is simple,
Fast, occupy little space, have the disadvantage stability not as wire transmission.Data storage is equipped with Large Copacity solid state hard disc.
1 measuring method of embodiment：
In some cases, need to obtain workpiece parameter using laser scanning, then using the such as flow process of Fig. 2-1, carry out work
Part is measured, and is comprised the following steps：
1st step, input need the workpiece parameter of measurement, and workpiece parameter includes the center of circle distance of workpiece size, opening diameter, perforate
Deng；
2nd step, fixing commercial measurement camera shoot and workpiece are shot, and estimate work using the scale of regional platform to be measured
Part size and location；
The relation of the 3rd step, the workpiece length in the X-axis direction by estimation and the single sweep operation width of laser scanner, sentences
Can disconnected workpiece be completed by single pass；
If the 4th step workpiece can be completed by single pass, motor is moved to correspondence position, using laser scanner pair
Workpiece is scanned, and to scanning, acquired cloud data is processed, the workpiece parameter needed for obtaining；
If the 5th step workpiece can not be completed by single pass, [N/M] individual Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapae is uniformly placed in surface of the work along X-direction
Shape mark, the long-diagonal of rhombus is parallel with Y-axis, and the short diagonal of rhombus is parallel with X-axis, and wherein N is workpiece in X-direction
On length, M is that laser scanner single sweep operation width, workpiece is divided into [N/M]+1 region in the flagged thing of X-direction；
By taking Fig. 3 as an example, surface of the work is placed with 2 diamond sign things, and surface of the work is divided into 3 regions；
6th step, using laser scanning with [N/M]+1 region of workpiece is scanned respectively, and using diamond sign thing be
Object of reference splices to the cloud data for obtaining, and obtains the cloud data of workpiece, the workpiece parameter needed for obtaining after process.With
As a example by Fig. 3, workpiece is to 3 regions（Three bands）Respectively（Gradually）It is scanned, three parts of cloud datas is obtained, exists in data
Overlapped composition, after computer is transferred data to, carries out data splicing, obtains complete workpiece point cloud number
According to.
2 measuring method of embodiment：
In some cases, need to obtain workpiece parameter using taking pictures, such as：Need surface of the work image parameter information or
Person only needs to one-sided surface of the work information, then using the such as flow process of Fig. 2-2, carries out workpiece calibration, comprises the following steps：
1st step, input need the surface of the work parameter information of measurement；
2nd step, fixing commercial measurement camera shoot and workpiece are shot, and estimate work using the scale of regional platform to be measured
Part size and location；
3rd step, the workpiece size for being obtained according to estimation, judge that can the commercial measurement camera being installed on motor disposably obtain
Surface of the work image；
If the 4th step surface of the work image can once be shot acquisition by the commercial measurement camera, linear electric motors are moved to
Above workpiece, by commercial measurement camera thereon, workpiece is shot, workpiece image is obtained, and goes to the 6th step；
If the 5th step surface of the work image can not once be shot acquisition by the commercial measurement camera, motor is moved to workpiece
Top, is repeatedly shot to workpiece by commercial measurement camera thereon, the image for obtaining is spliced, obtains workpiece figure
Picture, and go to the 6th step；In this step, many sub-pictures are carried out with feature extraction, and image mosaic is carried out according to the feature that extracts；
6th step, carry out image procossing to workpiece image, image processing process is：First image is filtered processing and enhancing at
Reason, then passes through binary-state threshold segmented extraction workpiece, finally using rim detection and the boundary information of positioning confirmation workpiece；
7th step, carry out feature extraction to image, and then obtain surface of the work parameter.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.All employing equivalents or equivalent transformation shape
The technical scheme for becoming, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing, is realized based on a kind of measuring table, the survey
Amount platform composition includes：Surface is provided with the regional platform to be measured of scale, is arranged at regular worker above regional platform to be measured
Industry measurement camera and gantry frame structure, the gantry frame structure has two-dimentional slide rail, and motor is fixed on two-dimentional slide rail, can treated
Slide in the XY two dimensional surface that surveys above regional platform, the motor is provided with laser scanner；The measuring method include with
Lower step：
1st step, input need the workpiece parameter of measurement；
2nd step, fixing commercial measurement camera shoot and workpiece are shot, and estimate work using the scale of regional platform to be measured
Part size and location；
The relation of the 3rd step, the workpiece length in the X-axis direction by estimation and the single sweep operation width of laser scanner, sentences
Can disconnected workpiece be completed by single pass；
If the 4th step workpiece can be completed by single pass, motor is moved to correspondence position, using laser scanner pair
Workpiece is scanned, and to scanning, acquired cloud data is processed, the workpiece parameter needed for obtaining；
If the 5th step workpiece can not be completed by single pass, [N/M] individual mark is uniformly placed in surface of the work along X-direction
Thing, wherein N are workpiece length in the X-axis direction, and M is that laser scanner single sweep operation width, workpiece is flagged in X-direction
Thing is divided into [N/M]+1 region；
6th step, using laser scanning with [N/M]+1 region of workpiece is scanned respectively, and be reference using mark
Thing splices to the cloud data for obtaining, and obtains the cloud data of workpiece, the workpiece parameter needed for obtaining after process.
2. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The workpiece parameter includes center of circle distance of workpiece size, opening diameter, perforate etc..
3. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Commercial measurement camera is also equipped with the linear electric motors, for shooting to workpiece.
4. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The mark is rhombus.
5. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The long-diagonal of the rhombus is parallel with Y-axis, and the short diagonal of rhombus is parallel with X-axis.
6. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing, it is characterised in that：Based on a kind of measuring table
Realize, the measuring table composition includes：Surface is provided with the regional platform to be measured of scale, is arranged at regional platform to be measured
The fixing commercial measurement camera in top and gantry frame structure, the gantry frame structure has two-dimentional slide rail, and motor is fixed on two-dimentional cunning
On rail, can slide in the XY two dimensional surface above regional platform to be measured, the motor is provided with commercial measurement camera；The survey
Amount method is comprised the following steps：
1st step, input need the surface of the work parameter information of measurement；
2nd step, fixing commercial measurement camera shoot and workpiece are shot, and estimate work using the scale of regional platform to be measured
Part size and location；
3rd step, the workpiece size for being obtained according to estimation, judge that can the commercial measurement camera being installed on motor disposably obtain
Surface of the work image；
If the 4th step surface of the work image can once be shot acquisition by the commercial measurement camera, linear electric motors are moved to
Above workpiece, by commercial measurement camera thereon, workpiece is shot, workpiece image is obtained, and goes to the 6th step；
If the 5th step surface of the work image can not once be shot acquisition by the commercial measurement camera, motor is moved to workpiece
Top, is repeatedly shot to workpiece by commercial measurement camera thereon, the image for obtaining is spliced, obtains workpiece figure
Picture, and go to the 6th step；
6th step, image procossing is carried out to workpiece image；
7th step, carry out feature extraction to image, and then obtain surface of the work parameter.
7. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
In 5th step, many sub-pictures are carried out with feature extraction, and image mosaic is carried out according to the feature that extracts.
8. a kind of workpiece many sizes Multi-parameter Measurement Method based on image procossing according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
In 6th step, first image is filtered processing and enhancement process, then passes through binary-state threshold segmented extraction workpiece, last profit
With rim detection and the boundary information of positioning confirmation workpiece.
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| CN106885530A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-23 | 华南理工大学 | The three-dimensional information acquisition method and system of a kind of microstructural surfaces |
| CN107571042A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-12 | 桂林加宏汽车修理有限公司 | The method and system that a kind of Digit Control Machine Tool workpiece is installed automatically |
| CN108426529A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-08-21 | 安徽炬视科技有限公司 | High precision measuring device system based on multidirectional micro- camera and assay method |
| CN108548823A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-18 | 佛山市南海区广工大数控装备协同创新研究院 | A kind of large scale plate side surface of workpiece detection device and method |
| CN109781010A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海博明软件有限公司 | A kind of point cloud data calculation method, the device and system of broad range of data splicing |
| CN110174407A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-27 | 江南大学 | A kind of reed quality detection device based on machine vision |
| CN110321836A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-11 | 芜湖启迪睿视信息技术有限公司 | A kind of conveying material detection method based on image and laser point cloud atlas |
| CN110686750A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-14 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Water level detection method, device and system |
| CN111122583A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 苏州浚惠生物科技有限公司 | Microscopic scanning platform and working area flatness calibration method |
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| CN110174407A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-27 | 江南大学 | A kind of reed quality detection device based on machine vision |
| CN110321836A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-11 | 芜湖启迪睿视信息技术有限公司 | A kind of conveying material detection method based on image and laser point cloud atlas |
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| CN111122583A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 苏州浚惠生物科技有限公司 | Microscopic scanning platform and working area flatness calibration method |
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