CN106440669A - Normal-pressure and negative-pressure combined drying equipment using self-produced superheated steam and material drying method thereof - Google Patents
Normal-pressure and negative-pressure combined drying equipment using self-produced superheated steam and material drying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106440669A CN106440669A CN201611083480.8A CN201611083480A CN106440669A CN 106440669 A CN106440669 A CN 106440669A CN 201611083480 A CN201611083480 A CN 201611083480A CN 106440669 A CN106440669 A CN 106440669A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
- F26B23/06—Heating arrangements using electric heating resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
- F26B25/225—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects by repeated or continuous weighing of the material or a sample thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses normal-pressure and negative-pressure combined drying equipment using self-produced superheated steam. The equipment comprises a normal-pressure self-produced superheated steam drying system and a communicated negative-pressure drying system; the normal-pressure self-produced superheated steam drying system includes a normal-pressure drying chamber, a first material tray frame, an automatic temperature control fan heating unit and a first weighing unit; and the negative-pressure drying system includes a negative-pressure drying chamber, a second material tray frame, a steam heat exchanger, an automatic temperature control radio-frequency source heating unit, a vacuum unit, a condensation steam collecting unit and a second weighing unit. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a material drying method adopting the drying equipment. The drying equipment is scientific and reasonable in structural design, high in normal-pressure operation safety, low in equipment material requirements, short in drying time, simple in operation and continuous in drying operation, effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption, long time and high cost in traditional material drying, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in the material drying industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material drying device and drying meanss, specifically utilize the normal pressure of self-produced superheated steam
Method with negative pressure combined drying equipment and its dried material.
Background technology
Drying can be prevented effectively from microorganism in surface of material Reproduction, thus extending Food Shelf-life.But research report
Show that high energy consumption is current drying industry common problem, not only increase the cost of enterprise, cause to country simultaneously
Certain financial burden.In countries such as Germany, Denmark, the energy that industry consumption is dried accounts for the 20-25% of national gross energy, and
The U.S., Canada, Britain and France, energy consumption for drying has also accounted for 10-15%.These survey datas fully show：High energy consumption
Problem have become as the whole world and be dried in industry and be difficult to the technical bottleneck that overcomes and solve.
At present, China in industry commonly used hot air drying is dried, that is, with hot-air as medium, by the moisture in material
(or solvent) gasifies to surface, then from surface of material from the diffusion inside of material, thus reaching dry purpose.Hot air drying work
Skill is simple, relatively low to equipment requirements, but to there is temperature of a relatively high for dry run, and product quality is not good, thermal sensitivity thing
Matter is easily destroyed, and time-consuming, the low series of problems of high energy consumption, efficiency.In recent years, with scientific and technical progress, some
New drying method constantly emerges in large numbers, such as vacuum drying, lyophilization, microwave drying etc., but these drying modes still by
The problem of high energy consumption in dry run and be difficult to large-scale promotion application.
Superheat steam drying, as the representative of novel dried technology, is as dried medium, convection drying using superheated steam
Material, the method removing moisture removal using the psychrometric difference between superheated steam and wet stock and temperature difference.Because its energy-saving effect shows
Write, drying quality is good, heat and mass efficiency high, no catch fire and the features such as explosion danger, be particularly well-suited to the product dryings such as food.
The world is dried association chairman A.S.Mujumdar superheat steam drying is become will have great potential and development prospect in future
New technique is dried.However, at this stage, in industry, the technology of utilization and extention superheat steam drying material also owes maturation relatively, commonly
The superheat steam drying equipment using there is problems：(1) when being dried, interior is dried and is continuously in high pressure conditions, to setting
Standby structure and equipment material therefor require higher, manufacturing expense height；(2) need vapor-recovery system, cause whole equipment extremely
Complicated；(3) superheat steam drying rear end temperature higher (>=120 DEG C), cause material to burn and local heating and destroy nutrient
Matter, and produce and the abnormal flavour such as be charred, product quality is not good；(4), in overheating steam drying process, in material, the moisture latent heat of vaporization still may be used
As heating medium, the material of relative low temperature is heated, but because the latent heat of vaporization produces certain condensed water to the cold, because
This reduces the drying effect of early stage, etc..Problem above directly limit the large-scale promotion application of this technology.Thus may be used
See, also need in industry to continue research and development more preferably superheat steam drying equipment, the drying especially reaching energy-efficient effect sets
Standby, this will be of great significance to the development of dry materials industry tool.
Content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam and negative pressure combined drying equipment, with
Solve the problems, such as that existing design of drying equipment is unreasonable, Steam Recovery utilization rate is low.
The second object of the present invention is a kind of method providing normal pressure and negative pressure combined drying equipment dried material, to solve
Existing dry materials method has that energy consumption is higher, time-consuming longer, relatively costly and product quality is not good.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam and negative pressure
Combined drying equipment, including the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure and negative pressure drying system；
The self-produced superheat steam drying system of described normal pressure include atmospheric-compartment drier, be arranged on described constant pressure and dry indoor the
First title of one material tray frame, the automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit that heat energy is provided for dry materials and weighing weight of material
Weight unit；
Described negative pressure drying system includes negative pressure drying room, is arranged on the indoor second material tray rack of described negative pressure drying
With vapor heat exchanger, for dry materials provide heat energy automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit, to described negative pressure drying interior system
Make the vacuum unit of subnormal ambient, collect the condensed steam collector unit of condensed water and weighing material in described vapor heat exchanger
Second weighing unit of weight；
The atmospheric-compartment drier of the self-produced superheat steam drying system of described normal pressure is indoor with negative pressure drying in negative pressure drying system
Vapor heat exchanger be connected by steam conveying pipe, the port of export of described vapor heat exchanger and described condensed steam are collected single
Unit is connected.
Described automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit include blower fan, heater, be arranged on deflector in front of heater, first
Temperature controller and the thermocouple of temperature sensor, described heater, the first temperature controller and thermocouple electrical connection；Described thermocouple and water conservancy diversion
Plate is arranged on the inside of atmospheric-compartment drier；Described heater is circumferentially positioned at the outside of described blower fan or shrouds in described blower fan
Outside.
It is additionally provided with for real-time monitoring in the described self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure and described negative pressure drying system
The temperature monitoring unit of indoor temperature is dried, described temperature monitoring unit include for temperature sense probe, Temperature sampler and
Temperature indicator.
Described first weighing unit and the second weighing unit all include weight sensor, the line of induction and weight display.
Described automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit includes radio frequency source heater, import system device, the second temperature controller and light
Fine detector, one end of described optic fibre detector is arranged on described negative pressure drying interior, the other end and described second temperature controller electricity
Connect, described second temperature controller is electrically connected with described radio frequency source heater, and described radio frequency source heater is connected with import system device；
Described radio frequency source heater is microwave applicator or infrared heater.
Described vacuum unit includes vacuum pump and steam condenser, described vacuum pump pass through described steam condenser with described
Negative pressure drying room is connected.
Described condensed steam collector unit includes water collector and the adjustable pressure fan being connected with described water collector, described collection
Hydrophone is connected with the port of export of described vapor heat exchanger by pipeline.
Described vapor heat exchanger is shell and tube vapor heat exchanger, include multiple tubulation layers, and each tubulation layer is uniform side by side
Tubulation forms, and tubulation layer is arranged alternately with the pallet layer on second material tray rack, so that vapor heat exchanger is done with being more uniformly distributed
Material on dry pallet.
The chamber body outer wall of described atmospheric-compartment drier and negative pressure drying room is equipped with heat-insulation layer, and this can reduce unnecessary heat energy
Loss.
Present invention also offers the method for described normal pressure and negative pressure combined drying equipment dried material, in the self-produced mistake of normal pressure
In vapourss drying system, the part moisture in dried material is because by thermosetting superheated steam, described superheated steam passes through to steam
Vapour conveyance conduit enters in the indoor vapor heat exchanger of negative pressure drying, and superheated steam enters one as thermal source in negative pressure drying system
Step dried material；
Specifically include following steps：The automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating opened in the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure is single
Unit, when atmospheric-compartment drier reaches setting baking temperature, material to be dried is placed in the first material pallet of atmospheric-compartment drier
On frame, airtight atmospheric-compartment drier, start dried material, the moisture in the material of constant pressure and dry interior is heated vaporization at a set temperature
Form normal pressure overheat steam, under the detection of the first weighing unit, when dry materials arrive predetermined weight, take out material, put into
Next group material to be dried, and the material of taking-up is transferred on the indoor second material tray rack of described negative pressure drying；With this
Meanwhile, constant pressure and dry interior formation superheated steam and interior temperature stabilization when, open in condensed steam collector unit can
Regulating fan, the indoor self-produced superheated steam of its constant pressure and dry is introduced in the indoor steaming of negative pressure drying by steam conveying pipe
In vapour heat exchanger, open the automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit in negative pressure drying system and vacuum unit, in the heating setting
Continue dried material, the condensed water being formed in vapor heat exchanger in dry run is drained into condensed steam at temperature and vacuum
In the water collector of collector unit, under the detection of the second weighing unit, when the dry materials that are dried to predetermined weight require, take
Go out dried material；Subsequently next batch materials dried for atmospheric-compartment drier are transferred to the indoor second material of described negative pressure drying
Proceed drying, so circulation can complete dry materials on tray rack.
Compared with prior art, its Heterosis exists the present invention：
(1) equipment that the present invention provides avoids separately setting superheated steam producer in superheat steam drying system, utilizes
Material itself moisture is heated vaporization as vapour source, saves equipment production cost, reduces energy expenditure；
(2) equipment that the present invention provides and the working condition of drying meanss are normal pressure, it is to avoid traditional superheat steam drying
The working condition of equipment continuous high-pressure, thus reducing the requirement to device structure and material, and then reduces device fabrication cost
Danger coefficient with production operation；
(3) the latent heat high efficiente callback of superheated steam can be utilized by the equipment that the present invention provides, and reaches the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction；
(4), in dry run, material is short in the indoor process time of constant pressure and dry, to material for the equipment that the present invention provides
Quality no affects substantially；Negative pressure drying interior is provided with automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit, improves drying efficiency, and dried
Cheng Wendu is relatively low, it is to avoid the breakoff phenomenon to heat-sensitive substance for the high temperature, remain to greatest extent the nutritional labeling of product and color,
Fragrant, taste, substantially increases value-added content of product；
(5) equipment that the present invention provides can carry out continuous drying operation, it is to avoid after being dried, hothouse needs to cool down,
The problem of the energy waste caused by reheating；
(6) equipment that the present invention provides is provided with automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating list in the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure
Unit, be provided with automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit in negative pressure drying system temperature control system, this can precisely adjust and control dry
Dry indoor temperature, improve capacity usage ratio, be simultaneously provided with LOAD CELLS, can real-time monitoring dry materials degree, can be fine
Ground controls the degree of drying of product, it also avoid energy dissipation.
In sum, the innovative point of the present invention is to be situated between for being dried with material in the indoor self-produced superheated steam of constant pressure and dry
Constant pressure and dry and negative pressure drying are dexterously combined by matter, and high efficiente callback make use of the latent heat in the self-produced superheated steam of normal pressure, real
Show the moisture removing equal in quality, its energy consumption saves the energy-saving effect of 25-40%.The drying equipment structure that the present invention provides sets
Meter is scientific and reasonable, and normal pressure operational security is high, equipment and materials is required low, is dried time-consuming short, simple to operate, can seriality be dried
Operation, efficiently solves the high energy consumption that existing dried material exists, time-consuming, the problem of high cost, is very suitable for doing in material
Large-scale promotion application in dry industry.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of normal pressure of the present invention and negative pressure combined drying equipment.
In figure：1st, the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure, 2, negative pressure drying system, 3, steam conveying pipe, 4, insulation
Layer, 5, weight display, 6, the line of induction, the 7, second weight sensor, the 10, first temperature controller, 11, atmospheric-compartment drier, 12, first
Material tray frame, 13, blower fan, 14, heater, 15, deflector, the 16, first weight sensor, 17, thermocouple, 18, temperature adopts
Storage, 19, temperature sense probe, 20, temperature indicator, 21, negative pressure drying room, 22, second material tray rack, 23, steam changes
Hot device, 24, optic fibre detector, the 25, second temperature controller, 26, radio frequency source heater, 27, import system device, 28, steam condenser,
29th, vacuum pump, 30, adjustable pressure fan, 31, water collector.
Specific embodiment
Example below is used for further describing the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the normal pressure of the self-produced superheated steam of utilization of present invention offer and negative pressure combined drying equipment, including often
Press self-produced superheat steam drying system 1 and negative pressure drying system 2, the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure 1 and negative pressure drying system
System 2 is connected by steam conveying pipe 3, passes through to steam to realize the superheated steam in the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure 1
Vapour conveyance conduit 3 is transported in negative pressure drying system 2 and its latent heat is recycled.
Wherein the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure 1 includes atmospheric-compartment drier 11, is arranged in atmospheric-compartment drier 11
First material tray rack 12, for dry materials provide heat energy automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit, weigh weight of material first
Weighing unit and the first temperature monitoring unit for temperature in real-time monitoring atmospheric-compartment drier 11.Its automatic temperature-controlled blower fan adds
Hot cell includes blower fan 13, heater 14, is arranged on deflector 15 in front of heater, the first temperature controller 10 and temperature sensor
Thermocouple 17, its heater 14 collar in the outside of blower fan 13 or is shrouded in the outside of blower fan 13, its heater 14, the first temperature control
Device 10, thermocouple 17 electrically connect；Its blower fan 13, heater 14 and the first temperature controller 10 can be arranged in atmospheric-compartment drier 11,
May also be arranged on outside atmospheric-compartment drier 11, its thermocouple 17 and deflector 15 are arranged in atmospheric-compartment drier 11.It first is weighed
Unit includes the first weight sensor 16, the line of induction 6 and weight display 5, and the first weight sensor 16 and weight display 5 are led to
Cross the line of induction 6 to be connected, the first weight sensor 16 is arranged on the lower section of first material tray rack 12.Its first temperature monitoring list
Unit includes temperature sense probe 19, Temperature sampler 18 and temperature indicator 20, temperature sense probe 19, Temperature sampler 18 and
Temperature indicator 20 passes through electrical connection, observes the temperature variations in atmospheric-compartment drier 11 for real-time detection.
Wherein negative pressure drying system 2 includes negative pressure drying room 21, the second material pallet being arranged in negative pressure drying room 21
Frame 22 and vapor heat exchanger 23, provide the automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit of heat energy for dry materials, to negative pressure drying room 21
The condensed steam collector unit of condensed water, weighing material in the interior vacuum unit manufacturing subnormal ambient, collection negative pressure drying room 21
Second weighing unit of weight and the second temperature monitoring means for temperature in real-time monitoring negative pressure drying room 21.Its steam
Heat exchanger 23 is shell and tube vapor heat exchanger, and including multiple tubulation layers, each tubulation layer is formed side by side by some tubulations, its row
Tube layer is arranged alternately with the pallet layer on second material tray rack 22, so that vapor heat exchanger 23 is dried the second thing with being more uniformly distributed
Material on material torr plate rail 22.Its automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit is arranged on outside negative pressure drying room 21, mainly includes radio frequency
Source heater 26, import system device 27, the second temperature controller 25 and optic fibre detector 24, one end of optic fibre detector 24 is arranged on negative
Pressure hothouse 21 is interior, the other end is electrically connected with the second temperature controller 25, and the second temperature controller 25 is electrically connected with radio frequency source heater 26, penetrates
Frequency source heater 26 is connected with import system device 27, and the heat energy that import system device 27 is responsible for producing radio frequency source heater 26 imports
To in negative pressure drying room 21；Its radio frequency source heater 26 is microwave applicator or infrared heater.Its vacuum unit is arranged on negative
Outside pressure hothouse 21, including vacuum pump 29 and steam condenser 28, this vacuum pump 29 passes through steam condenser 28 and negative pressure drying
Room 21 is connected.Its condensed steam collector unit includes water collector 31 and the adjustable pressure fan 30 being connected with water collector 31, collection
Hydrophone 31 is connected with the port of export of vapor heat exchanger 23, when using, using adjustable pressure fan 30 by vapor heat exchanger 23
The condensed water producing is pumped in water collector 31, thus completing the recovery of condensed water.Its second weighing unit includes the second weight
Sensor 7, the line of induction 6 and weight display 5, the second weight sensor 7 is connected by the line of induction 6 with weight display 5, the
Two weight sensors 7 are arranged on the lower section of second material tray rack 22；The weighing number of the first weighing unit and the second weighing unit
To show according to by weight display 5.Its second temperature monitoring means is identical with the part setting of the first Temperature-control Monitoring unit, with
Sample is used for real-time detection and observes the temperature variations in negative pressure drying room 21.
The atmospheric-compartment drier 11 of wherein one end of steam conveying pipe 3 superheat steam drying system 1 self-produced with normal pressure is connected
Logical, the other end is connected with the vapor heat exchanger 23 in negative pressure drying system 2.
For avoiding energy loss, the chamber body outer wall of atmospheric-compartment drier 11 and negative pressure drying room 21 is equipped with heat-insulation layer 4.
Embodiment 2
Normal pressure using embodiment 1 preparation is referred to the method for negative pressure combined drying equipment dried material：Self-produced in normal pressure
In superheat steam drying system 1, the part moisture in dried material is because by thermosetting superheated steam, this superheated steam passes through to steam
Vapour conveyance conduit 3 enters in the vapor heat exchanger 23 of negative pressure drying interior 21, and superheated steam is as thermal source in negative pressure drying system 1
Middle continuation dried material；Specifically include following steps：
Open the automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit in the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure 1, treat atmospheric-compartment drier 11
When reaching setting baking temperature, material to be dried is placed on the first material tray rack 12 of atmospheric-compartment drier 11, airtight normal
Pressure hothouse 11, starts dried material, and the moisture in material in atmospheric-compartment drier 11 is often heated vaporization formation at a set temperature
Press through vapourss, under the detection of the first weighing unit, when dry materials arrive predetermined weight, take out material, put into next group
Material to be dried, and the material of taking-up is transferred on the second material tray rack 22 in described negative pressure drying room 21；Same with this
When, when forming superheated steam and indoor temperature in atmospheric-compartment drier 11 and stablizing, open adjustable in condensed steam collector unit
Pressure fan 30, in its atmospheric-compartment drier 11, self-produced superheated steam is introduced in negative pressure drying room 21 by steam conveying pipe 3
In interior vapor heat exchanger 23, open the automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit in negative pressure drying system 2 and vacuum unit, setting
Continue dried material, the condensed water being formed in vapor heat exchanger 23 in dry run is drained into cold at fixed temperature and vacuum
In the water collector 31 of solidifying steam collector unit, under the detection of the second weighing unit, the dry materials being dried are to predetermined weight
During requirement, take out dried material；Subsequently next batch materials dried for atmospheric-compartment drier 11 are transferred in negative pressure drying room 21
Second material tray rack 22 on proceed drying, so circulation can complete dry materials.
Embodiment 3
With fresh white turnip as raw material, prepare white turnip slice product.
Concrete drying meanss are as follows：
(1) pretreatment of raw material：Fresh white turnip (moisture is 95.8%) is cleaned up, (thickness is for section
0.44cm；A diameter of 4.4cm), obtain 1.5kg white turnip piece.
(2) the self-produced superheat steam drying of first stage normal pressure：Open automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit, set the wind of blower fan
Speed is 3.0m/s, and under the work of heater and blower fan, constant pressure and dry Indoor Temperature degree is increased to 135 DEG C, by first 0.75kg
Above-mentioned fresh white turnip piece is put on first material tray rack, opens the first weighing unit and the first temperature detecting unit simultaneously, control
The indoor baking temperature of constant pressure and dry processed is 130 ± 2 DEG C, the data of Real Time Observation weight display and constant pressure and dry Indoor Temperature degree
Situation of change, when dry materials temperature stabilization, open the adjustable pressure fan in condensed steam collector unit, wind speed setting is
1.5m/s, indoor for constant pressure and dry self-produced superheated steam is incorporated into the indoor steam of negative pressure drying by steam conveying pipe and changes
In hot device, continue drying, until observing that the Radix Raphani gross weight showing on first material tray rack in weight display reduces 50%
When, take out dried low humidity Radix Raphani sheet material；And fresh for second batch 0.75kg white turnip sheet material is supplemented to first material support
On plate rail, it is dried using same method；
(3) the second stage negative pressure drying stage：Open negative pressure drying room, the low humidity white turnip piece that atmospheric-compartment drier is taken out
Material is positioned on second material tray rack in negative pressure drying room, opens the vacuum pump of vacuum unit, automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source adds
Second temperature controller of hot cell, the second weighing unit and second temperature monitoring means, set vacuum as 0.03MPa, setting
Temperature is 65 DEG C, when the data that the weight display of Real Time Observation second weighing unit shows is constant, opens automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency
The microwave applicator of source heating unit, is dried, and when the 4% about of white turnip drying to its original weight, closes vacuum list
The pressure-adjustable wind of the vacuum pump, the microwave applicator of automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit and condensed steam collector unit of unit
Machine, takes out dried white turnip material；Again indoor for constant pressure and dry dried second batch low humidity white turnip sheet material is transferred to
On the second material tray rack of negative pressure drying room, aforesaid operations are repeated using same method, finish to drying, obtain white turnip slice
Product.
Comparative example 1
From material to be dried identical with the white turnip piece after the process of embodiment 3, drying meanss are：Normal pressure hot air drying
Dry, baking temperature is 130 ± 2 DEG C, and white turnip piece drying, to the 4% about of its original weight, is taken out.
Calculate the same energy input of white turnip material of drying and comparative analysiss drying time are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 normal pressure self-produced superheated steam joint negative pressure drying and hot-air drying process energy consumption analysis
Discovery is compared by table 1,1.5kg white turnip piece is being dried, the energy consumption that present device is consumed is 1.67kwh, with
Common hot air drying is compared, and removes the moisture of same amount, and energy consumption saves 33%, and the organoleptic quality of its dry products is significantly excellent
In comparative example.
Embodiment 4
With fresh bamboo Radix Crotalariae szemoensis as raw material, prepare Caulis Bambusae Germinatus dry productss.
Concrete drying meanss are as follows：
(1) pretreatment of raw material：Fresh Caulis Bambusae Germinatus (moisture is 91.8%) are cleaned up, (thickness is for section
0.5cm), obtain 1.0kg Caulis Bambusae Germinatus piece.
(2) the self-produced superheat steam drying of first stage normal pressure：Open automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit, set the wind of blower fan
Speed is 1.5m/s, and under the work of heater and blower fan, constant pressure and dry Indoor Temperature degree is increased to 125 DEG C, by first 0.5kg
State fresh bamboo Radix Crotalariae szemoensis piece to put on first material tray rack, open the first weighing unit and the first temperature detecting unit simultaneously, control
The indoor baking temperature of constant pressure and dry processed is 110 ± 2 DEG C, the data of Real Time Observation weight display and constant pressure and dry Indoor Temperature degree
Situation of change, when dry materials temperature stabilization, open the adjustable pressure fan in condensed steam collector unit, wind speed setting is
1.0m/s, indoor for constant pressure and dry self-produced superheated steam is incorporated into the indoor steam of negative pressure drying by steam conveying pipe and changes
In hot device, continue drying, until observing that the Caulis Bambusae Germinatus gross weight showing on first material tray rack in weight display reduces
When 40%, take out dried low humidity Caulis Bambusae Germinatus sheet material；And second batch 0.5kg fresh bamboo Radix Crotalariae szemoensis sheet material is supplemented to first
On material tray frame, it is dried using same method；
(3) the second stage negative pressure drying stage：Open negative pressure drying room, the low humidity Caulis Bambusae Germinatus piece that atmospheric-compartment drier is taken out
Material is positioned on second material tray rack in negative pressure drying room, opens the vacuum pump of vacuum unit, automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source adds
Second temperature controller of hot cell, the second weighing unit and second temperature monitoring means, set vacuum as 0.01MPa, setting
Temperature is 50 DEG C, when the data that the weight display of Real Time Observation second weighing unit shows is constant, opens automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency
The microwave applicator of source heating unit, is dried, and when the 6.5% about of Caulis Bambusae Germinatus drying to its original weight, closes true
The pressure-adjustable of the vacuum pump of dummy cell, the microwave applicator of automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit and condensed steam collector unit
Blower fan, takes out dried Caulis Bambusae Germinatus material；Again indoor for constant pressure and dry dried second batch low humidity Caulis Bambusae Germinatus sheet material is turned
Move on the second material tray rack of negative pressure drying room, aforesaid operations are repeated using same method, finish to drying, obtain Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie
Dried bamboo shoots product.
Comparative example 2
From material to be dried identical with the Caulis Bambusae Germinatus piece after the process of embodiment 3, drying meanss are：Normal pressure hot air drying
Dry, baking temperature is 110 ± 2 DEG C, and Caulis Bambusae Germinatus drying, to the 6.5% about of its original weight, is taken out.
Calculate the same energy input of Caulis Bambusae Germinatus material of drying and comparative analysiss drying time are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 normal pressure self-produced superheated steam joint negative pressure drying and hot-air drying process energy consumption analysis
Discovery is compared by table 2,1.0kg Caulis Bambusae Germinatus piece is being dried, the energy consumption that present device is consumed is 1.365kwh,
Compared with common hot air drying, remove the moisture of same amount, energy consumption saves 25%, and the organoleptic quality of its dry products is notable
Better than comparative example.
Embodiment 5
With fresh tomato as raw material, prepare Fructus Lycopersici esculenti dry productss, specific implementation method is as follows：
Concrete drying meanss are as follows：
(1) pretreatment of raw material：Fresh Fructus Lycopersici esculenti (moisture is 97.8%) is cleaned up, (thickness is for section
0.9cm), obtain 3.0kg Fructus Lycopersici esculenti piece.
(2) the self-produced superheat steam drying of first stage normal pressure：Open automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit, set the wind of blower fan
Speed is 2.25m/s, and under the work of heater and blower fan, constant pressure and dry Indoor Temperature degree is increased to 165 DEG C, by first 1.5kg
Above-mentioned fresh tomato piece is put on first material tray rack, opens the first weighing unit and the first temperature detecting unit simultaneously, control
The indoor baking temperature of constant pressure and dry processed is 150 ± 2 DEG C, the data of Real Time Observation weight display and constant pressure and dry Indoor Temperature degree
Situation of change, when dry materials temperature stabilization, open the adjustable pressure fan in condensed steam collector unit, wind speed setting is
2.0m/s, indoor for constant pressure and dry self-produced superheated steam is incorporated into the indoor steam of negative pressure drying by steam conveying pipe and changes
In hot device, continue drying, until observing that the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gross weight showing on first material tray rack in weight display reduces
When 60%, take out dried low humidity Fructus Lycopersici esculenti sheet material；And second batch 1.5kg fresh tomato sheet material is supplemented to first material
On tray rack, it is dried using same method；
(3) the second stage negative pressure drying stage：Open negative pressure drying room, the low humidity Fructus Lycopersici esculenti piece thing that atmospheric-compartment drier is taken out
Material is positioned on second material tray rack in negative pressure drying room, opens vacuum pump, the heating of automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source of vacuum unit
Second temperature controller of unit, the second weighing unit and second temperature monitoring means, set vacuum as 0.05MPa, setting temperature
Spend for 80 DEG C, when the data that the weight display of Real Time Observation second weighing unit shows is constant, open automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source
The microwave applicator of heating unit, is dried, and when the 8% about of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti drying to its original weight, closes vacuum unit
Vacuum pump, the microwave applicator of automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit and condensed steam collector unit adjustable pressure fan,
Take out dried Fructus Lycopersici esculenti material；Again indoor for constant pressure and dry dried second batch low humidity Fructus Lycopersici esculenti sheet material is transferred to negative pressure to do
On the second material tray rack of dry room, aforesaid operations are repeated using same method, finish to drying, obtain Fructus Lycopersici esculenti dry productss.
Comparative example 3
From material to be dried identical with the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti piece after the process of embodiment 3, drying meanss are：Normal pressure hot air drying
Dry, baking temperature is 150 ± 2 DEG C, and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is dried to the 8% about of its original weight, takes out.
Calculate the same energy input of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti material of drying and comparative analysiss drying time are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 normal pressure self-produced superheated steam joint negative pressure drying and hot-air drying process energy consumption analysis
Discovery is compared by table 3,3.0kg Fructus Lycopersici esculenti piece is being dried, the energy consumption that present device is consumed is 2.316kWh, with
Common hot air drying is compared, and removes the moisture of same amount, and energy consumption saves 40%, and the organoleptic quality of its dry products is significantly excellent
In comparative example.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not subject to described embodiment
Limit, other any spirit without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplify,
All should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam and negative pressure combined drying equipment are it is characterised in that include the self-produced mistake of normal pressure
Vapourss drying system and negative pressure drying system；
The self-produced superheat steam drying system of described normal pressure includes atmospheric-compartment drier, is arranged on the first indoor thing of described constant pressure and dry
Material torr plate rail, the automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit of heat energy is provided for dry materials and weighs the first of weight of material and weigh list
Unit；
Described negative pressure drying system includes negative pressure drying room, is arranged on the indoor second material tray rack of described negative pressure drying and steaming
Vapour heat exchanger, for dry materials provide heat energy automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit, to described negative pressure drying interior manufacture bear
The condensed steam collector unit of condensed water and weighing weight of material in the vacuum unit in pressure ring border, the described vapor heat exchanger of collection
The second weighing unit；
The steaming indoor with negative pressure drying in negative pressure drying system of the atmospheric-compartment drier of the self-produced superheat steam drying system of described normal pressure
Vapour heat exchanger is connected by steam conveying pipe, the port of export of described vapor heat exchanger and described condensed steam collector unit phase
Connection.
2. the normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam according to claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment it is characterised in that
Described automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit include blower fan, heater, be arranged on deflector in front of heater, the first temperature controller and
The thermocouple of temperature sensor, described heater, the first temperature controller and thermocouple electrical connection；Described thermocouple and deflector are arranged on
The inside of atmospheric-compartment drier.
3. the normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam according to claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment it is characterised in that
Described automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit includes radio frequency source heater, import system device, the second temperature controller and optic fibre detector,
One end of described optic fibre detector is arranged on described negative pressure drying interior, the other end is electrically connected with described second temperature controller, described
Second temperature controller is electrically connected with described radio frequency source heater, and described radio frequency source heater is connected with import system device；Described radio frequency
Source heater is microwave applicator or infrared heater.
4. the normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam according to claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment it is characterised in that
Described vacuum unit includes vacuum pump and steam condenser, and described vacuum pump passes through described steam condenser and described negative pressure drying
Room is connected.
5. the normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam according to claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment it is characterised in that
Described condensed steam collector unit includes water collector and the adjustable pressure fan being connected with described water collector, and described water collector passes through
Pipeline is connected with the port of export of described vapor heat exchanger.
6. the normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam according to claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment it is characterised in that
Described first weighing unit and the second weighing unit all include weight sensor, the line of induction and weight display.
7. the normal pressure using self-produced superheated steam according to claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment it is characterised in that
It is additionally provided with the described self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure and described negative pressure drying system and interior is dried for real-time monitoring
The temperature monitoring unit of temperature, described temperature monitoring unit includes temperature sense probe, Temperature sampler and temperature indicator.
8. the normal pressure of the self-produced superheated steam of the utilization according to claim 1-7 and negative pressure combined drying equipment, its feature exists
In the chamber body outer wall of described atmospheric-compartment drier and negative pressure drying room is equipped with heat-insulation layer.
9. the method for the normal pressure described in a kind of claim 1 and negative pressure combined drying equipment dried material is it is characterised in that normal
Press in self-produced superheat steam drying system, the part moisture in dried material because by thermosetting superheated steam, described overheated steaming
Vapour is entered in the indoor vapor heat exchanger of negative pressure drying by steam conveying pipe, and superheated steam is as thermal source in negative pressure drying system
Material is further dried in system.
10. normal pressure according to claim 9 and the method for negative pressure combined drying equipment dried material are it is characterised in that have
Body comprises the following steps：Open the automatic temperature-controlled blower fan heating unit in the self-produced superheat steam drying system of normal pressure, treat that normal pressure is done
When dry room reaches setting baking temperature, material to be dried is placed on the first material tray rack of atmospheric-compartment drier, airtight normal
Pressure hothouse, starts dried material, and the moisture in the material of constant pressure and dry interior is heated at a set temperature to vaporize and forms normal pressure mistake
Vapourss, under the detection of the first weighing unit, when dry materials arrive predetermined weight, take out material, put into next group and wait to do
Dry material, and the material of taking-up is transferred on the indoor second material tray rack of described negative pressure drying；Meanwhile, in normal pressure
Interior formation superheated steam is dried and during the temperature stabilization of interior, opens condensed steam collector unit in negative pressure drying system
Adjustable pressure fan, the indoor self-produced superheated steam of its constant pressure and dry is introduced in negative pressure drying interior by steam conveying pipe
In vapor heat exchanger, open the automatic temperature-controlled radio frequency source heating unit in negative pressure drying system and vacuum unit, in adding of setting
Continue dried material, the condensed water being formed in vapor heat exchanger in dry run is drained into condensation and steams at hot temperature and vacuum
In the water collector of vapour collector unit, under the detection of the second weighing unit, when the dry materials that are dried to predetermined weight require,
Take out dried material；Subsequently next batch materials dried for atmospheric-compartment drier are transferred to the second indoor thing of described negative pressure drying
Proceed drying, so circulation can complete dry materials on material torr plate rail.
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| CN115574559A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-01-06 | 南京同皓干燥设备有限公司 | Vacuum low-temperature pulsation intelligent drying system based on multi-source data analysis |
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