CN106437633A - Shale gas mining device and method with combination of lasers and water jet technologies - Google Patents
Shale gas mining device and method with combination of lasers and water jet technologies Download PDFInfo
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- CN106437633A CN106437633A CN201611069019.7A CN201611069019A CN106437633A CN 106437633 A CN106437633 A CN 106437633A CN 201611069019 A CN201611069019 A CN 201611069019A CN 106437633 A CN106437633 A CN 106437633A
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- Prior art keywords
- laser
- shale
- water jet
- shale gas
- liquid
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
Abstract
The invention discloses a shale gas mining device and method with combination of laser and water jet technologies. The device mainly comprises a laser head, a water jet gun head and others. The laser head can emit controllable energy lasers, the water jet gun head jets active liquid to the surface of shale, the lasers are utilized for heating the active liquid to generate local temperature rise and thermal reaction liquid, an explosive chemical reaction is carried out in the liquid to generate high pressure to crash the shale, shale particles are smaller, and more shale gas is released. In this way, the shale is crashed rapidly, and the shale gas is efficiently obtained. The method can replace a hydraulic fracturing shale crashing mode used in the prior art, in this way, working efficiency can be substantially improved, and the shale gas can be efficiently mined. The active liquid for usage does not contain a chemical reinforcing agent and other contamination reagents, and will not cause water pollution, chemical pollution, methane pollution and other environmental problems.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shale gas exploitation technical field, is related to a kind of shale gas exploitation device and method, and in particular to one
Plant the exploitation shale gas device and method for combining using laser and water-jet technology.
Background technology
Consideration with the increasingly in short supply of petroleum resources and for energy security, shale gas this can effectively alleviate the world
The unconventional gas resource of Pressure on Energy, is pursued by countries in the world, it has also become one of focus of world energy sources research,
Its development and utilization is increasingly being the attention of countries in the world.Shale gas are valuable resource, the energy of high-quality and chemical industry
Raw material, can take over the energy or the supplementary energy as conventional gas.World's shale gas resource is very abundant, but there is presently no wide
General ground exploration and development, its basic reason is shale matrix permeability very low (generally less than 1mD), exploration and development technical requirements
Height, difficulty is big.
Shale gas are natural gas of the preservation in dark-coloured mud shale layer or high-carbon mud shale layer, it can be created on organic become
In each stage various of cause, a natural gas part is present in rammell crack, rammell hole with phase (about 50%) of dissociating
And other reservoir spaces, another part is present in kerogen, clay particle and clay hole table with adsorbed state (about 50%)
Face.
The whole world is still in early stage to the exploitation of shale gas, and the U.S. has built up fairly large shale gas production capacity,
China is used as one of most country of global shale gas, but shale gas exploitation not yet starts to walk, and China's shale gas are generally buried relatively
Deep, further increase development difficulty.
Being mainly for existing shale gas exploitation relies on its own desorbing, and after gas production for a period of time, the yield of shale gas is drastically
Reduce, the effect of shale gas exploitation is undesirable, yield poorly, yield unstable, it is impossible to reach commercial development standard.Shale gas exploitation
The reason for gas production is low is mainly：Compared with conventional gas, the storing mode of shale gas is based on adsorbing, reservoir energy is low
(pressure is low), poor permeability, the output process of shale gas is first desorbing, then seepage flow in pore media.Only rely on itself solution
Inhale the very high gas production of more difficult acquisition and recovery ratio, it is necessary to find and research improves exploitation rate (or daily output tolerance) and recovery ratio
New method.
In order to the recovery ratio of shale gas is improved, yield can be opened less than commercial development standard (1000 cubes of individual well in shale gas
Rice/day) when, take well stimulation.Existing well stimulation mainly carries out reservoir reconstruction using fracturing.Fracturing skill
Art, including riverfrac treatment technology, multistage fracturing technique, synchronous fracturing technique, multiple fracturing technique etc., is currently the only can to open
The JINYAOSHI of shale gas mineral reserve is opened, makes shale gas yield have the growth that advances by leaps and bounds.It is mainly using the water containing sand, wherein sand
As proppant, in addition with 2% or less chemical intensifier.Its principle is, by ground pump truck, fracturing fluid is pumped into well
Bottom, after highly pressurised liquid injects drilling well and so that rock stratum is split, the proppant in highly pressurised liquid can maintain crack so as to become
The high-speed osmotic passage of oil gas steerable drilling.On the one hand the purification of circulation fracturing fluid is improper is likely to result in serious environment and asks
Topic, because hydraulic fracturing technology is applied to industry, it is well known that using a large amount of water and can cause water pollution problems, chemical contamination,
Methane pollution etc..On the other hand, although this method increased seepage channel, flows out the shale gas of part desorbing, but does not have
Fundamentally accelerate the desorbing of ADSORPTION STATE shale gas, effect of increasing production is limited.Meanwhile, most of shale gas are buried relatively deeply, using water
Power Splitting Method needs to provide sufficiently large pressure.Cause that equipment investment is big, operating cost is high, limit which and extensively apply.
Additionally, a kind of also method for increasing for shale gas：CO2Absorption method, the method is to utilize CO2Have than methane
(CH4) high adsorptivity, CO is injected to rammell2, squeeze methane or change its characterization of adsorption.This method must also be suitably
Blood pressure lowering, CH in pressure reduction4Desorbing, CO2CH is occupied with strong adsorptivity4Position so that CH4Keep free state.
Detailed process is：Producing well opens shale gas well blood pressure lowering, and injection well injects CO2, CH after blood pressure lowering4Desorbing is free state, CO2Absorption.
Then injection pressure, CH are increased4Along rammell flow of pore from gas well output.According to the method described above after production a period of time, then
Secondary blood pressure lowering, carries out injection and the output of next circulation.But as pressure reduction is in producing well, and CO2It is to inject in injection well,
Cause CH4With CO2Competition occur when may be different, additionally, due to boosting and the iterative cycles of blood pressure lowering, shorten shale gas production
Effective time, daily output tolerance therefore can not be significantly increased very much.And this method for increasing equipment complexity, preparation cost pole
Height, also makes which only stay in the laboratory research stage.
Content of the invention
Object of the present invention is to provide the new method for exploiting shale gas that a kind of laser and water-jet technology combine,
Give full play to the advantage of laser technology and water-jet technology, solve exploitation shale gas efficiency low, exploitation shale gas during produce
Raw environmental pollution, shaft bottom energy is not enough and the low difficult problem of the mining depth that causes, it is achieved that efficient, the cleaning life of shale gas
Produce, ensure national energy strategic security.
The technical scheme adopted by assembly of the invention is：The exploitation shale gas that a kind of laser and water-jet technology combine
Device, it is characterised in that：Including energy light pricker, side by side junction button, water jet pipette tips, laser head retainer, laser head, water jet
Pipette tips retainer；
The energy light pricker is connected with laser head, by energy light pricker transmission laser energy to laser head, laser head conduct
The delivery outlet of laser beam；The laser head retainer is arranged between energy light pricker and laser head；
The water jet pipette tips retainer is arranged in the water jet pipette tips, for projecting active liquid；
The water jet pipette tips retainer and laser head retainer are linked together side by side by junction button side by side, realize water
Jet and laser collaboration ordered operation.
Preferably, be provided with the water jet pipette tips retainer searchlight, gas sensor, temperature sensor and
Minisize pick-up head.
The technical scheme adopted by the method for the present invention is：The exploitation shale gas that a kind of laser and water-jet technology combine
Method, it is characterised in that：Active liquid is projected by water jet pipette tips, so that active liquid is covered on rammell；Produced by laser instrument
The controlled superlaser of life, transmits to laser head through energy light pricker, and after focusing on through laser head, laser beam is acted on active liquid,
Make active liquid that local heating and thermal response liquid is produced, produce explosive chemical reaction in a liquid, produce high pressure to crush
Rock, the rock particles crushed by which is thinner, and broken rock speed is fast, and the amount for discharging shale gas is bigger；While using high rate activated liquid
Fractured rock is removed, high speed broken rock is realized, shale gas exploitation efficiency is substantially improved.
Preferably, the active liquid is neutral active liquid, environmentally safe, belong to clean type liquid.
Preferably, the laser instrument is using femto-second laser, picosecond laser or nanosecond laser, and energy output can
Control.
Super-sensitive gas sensor is installed in the water jet pipette tips of the present invention, temperature sensor, minisize pick-up head,
Searchlight etc.；Why in water jet pipette tips rather than on laser head retainer, its reason is that laser head retainer exists
During laser work, temperature is higher, it is impossible to ensure the normal work of gas sensor, temperature sensor, minisize pick-up head, searchlight etc.
Make.
The gas sensor that installs in the water jet pipette tips of the present invention is used for perceiving the power of shale gas in rock, to seek
Laser rock breaking by water jet is carried out where looking for shale gas concentration higher and take gas；The temperature sensor that installs in the water jet pipette tips
It is used for detecting the temperature in broken rock region, this temperature setting is the optimum temperature of shale flow of air, and when temperature is too high, laser beam subtracts
Little output, reduces temperature；When the temperature is low, strengthen laser power, elevate the temperature, remain the temperature in broken rock area
Degree；The minisize pick-up head that installs in water jet pipette tips is used for the feelings during real-time monitored laser water jet blasting excavation shale gas
Condition；The searchlight that installs in water jet pipette tips enables minisize pick-up head to see laser water jet clearly for providing certain light source
Real-time condition in rock break-off process.
With the continuous maturation of femtosecond laser, picosecond laser, success that nanosecond laser is developed and technology, reliability and stable
Property can be ensured, controllability is further enhanced, and cost performance is substantially improved well.Meanwhile, with MEMS
The development of (MEMS, Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology, the volume of laser instrument can be increasingly miniaturized, this
The exploitation that laser is applied to shale gas is all potentially promoted a bit.
The present invention proposes a kind of new method of the exploitation shale gas that laser and water-jet technology combine, two methods advantage
Complementation, by laser action active liquid, produces explosive chemical reaction to reach the broken shale of quick, large area in a liquid
Purpose, greatly improves the production efficiency of shale gas.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is to this
Bright it is described in further detail, it will be appreciated that enforcement example described herein is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is asked for an interview, the exploitation shale device of air that a kind of laser of present invention offer and water-jet technology combine, including energy
Amount light pricker 1, side by side junction button 2, water jet pipette tips 4, laser head retainer 5, laser head 6, searchlight 7, gas sensor 8, work
Property liquid 9, temperature sensor 10, minisize pick-up head 11, laser beam 12, water jet pipette tips retainer 13.Energy light pricker 1 and laser
6 are connected, and laser head retainer 5 is arranged between energy light pricker 1 and laser head 6.Laser energy is transmitted extremely by energy light pricker 1
Laser head 6, laser head 6 is used as the delivery outlet of laser beam 12.Searchlight 7 is installed on water jet pipette tips retainer 13, gas is passed
Sensor 8, temperature sensor 10 and minisize pick-up head 11；Water jet pipette tips retainer 13 and laser head retainer 5 are by side by side
Junction button 2 is linked together side by side, realizes water jet and laser collaboration ordered operation.Gas sensor 8 is used for detecting in shale 3
The concentration of discharged shale gas, carry out laser water jet local explosion where searching shale gas concentration is higher to take
Gas, greatly improves accuracy and the efficiency of exploitation shale gas；Temperature sensor 10 is used for monitoring the temperature in institute 3 region of broken shale, warm
Degree is set to the optimum temperature of shale flow of air, and when temperature is too high, laser beam 12 stops output；When temperature is low, strengthen
12 output of laser beam, keeps stablizing for broken rock area temperature；Minisize pick-up head 11 is used for real-time monitored laser water jet explosion
Situation during exploitation shale gas, to carry out real-time control；Searchlight 7 enables minisize pick-up head 11 for providing light source
Clearly observation laser water jet blasting excavation shale gas during situation.
Water jet pipette tips 4 project active liquid 9, so that active liquid 9 is covered on 3 surface of shale；Laser instrument produces controlled
Superlaser, transmits to laser head 6 through energy light pricker 1, and superlaser is acted on active liquid 9 after the focusing of laser head 6, made
Active liquid produces local heating and thermal response liquid, produces explosive chemical reaction in a liquid, produces high pressure to crush page
Rock 3, makes shale 3 become the tiny rubble of granule, so as to discharge the shale gas for wherein being contained, the height that water jet pipette tips 4 are projected
Fast active liquid 9 will produce pressure by blast and broken shale rubble is removed, and realize high speed broken rock, efficient gas production.Through temperature
Sensor 10 is detected, water jet pipette tips 4 spray active liquid 9, laser head 6 focus on after act on active liquid 9, shale 3 explode,
The circulation such as shale gas is obtained, repeating above step carries out the exploitation of shale gas.Why not straight the method applied in the present invention is
The heat effect heating rock 3 using laser being connect, heating power destruction being carried out to rock 3, reason is thermodynamics destruction to be carried out to shale
While, chemical change and physical change that in shale 3, shale gas occur may be accompanied by, so as to shale gas can be substantially reduced
Production efficiency.With high rate activated liquid 9 will broken shale 3 be removed by blast generation pressure, high-velocity detonation shale is realized
3, shale gas exploitation efficiency is substantially improved.
The present invention solves that the mining depth that shale gas exploitation efficiency is low, shaft bottom energy not enough and causes is low, opens because of tradition
The problems such as environmental pollution that adopts shale gas and cause.The effect of high-pressure fluid is not needed, without the stream doped with chemical substance
Body.
It should be appreciated that the part that this specification is not elaborated belongs to prior art.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, therefore can not be considered to this
The restriction of invention patent protection scope, one of ordinary skill in the art is being weighed without departing from the present invention under the enlightenment of the present invention
Profit is required under protected ambit, can also be made replacement or be deformed, each fall within protection scope of the present invention, this
Bright scope is claimed should be defined by claims.
Claims (5)
1. the exploitation shale device of air that a kind of laser and water-jet technology combine, it is characterised in that：Including energy light pricker（1）、
Junction button side by side（2）, water jet pipette tips（4）, laser head retainer（5）, laser head（6）, water jet pipette tips retainer（13）；
The energy light pricker（1）With laser head（6）It is connected, by energy light pricker（1）Transmission laser energy is to laser head（6）, swash
Shaven head（6）As laser beam（12）Delivery outlet；The laser head retainer（5）Installed in energy light pricker（1）And laser head（6）
Between；
The water jet pipette tips retainer（13）Installed in the water jet pipette tips（4）On, for projecting active liquid（9）；
The water jet pipette tips retainer（13）With laser head retainer（5）By junction button side by side（2）Link together side by side,
Realize water jet and laser collaboration ordered operation.
2. the exploitation shale device of air that laser according to claim 1 and water-jet technology combine, it is characterised in that：Institute
State water jet pipette tips retainer（13）On be provided with searchlight（7）, gas sensor（8）, temperature sensor（10）And it is miniature
Photographic head（11）.
3. the exploitation shale gas method that a kind of laser and water-jet technology combine, it is characterised in that：By water jet pipette tips（4）Penetrate
Go out active liquid（9）, make active liquid（9）Cover in shale（3）On；Controlled superlaser is produced by laser instrument, through energy
Light pricker（1）Transmit to laser head（6）, through laser head（6）Laser beam after focusing（12）Act on active liquid（9）On, make activity
Liquid（9）Local heating and thermal response liquid is produced, produces explosive chemical reaction in a liquid, produce high pressure and carry out cataclasite
Stone, the rock particles crushed by which is thinner, and broken rock speed is fast, and the amount for discharging shale gas is bigger；While using high rate activated liquid（9）
Fractured rock is removed, high speed broken rock is realized, shale gas exploitation efficiency is substantially improved.
4. the exploitation shale gas method that laser according to claim 2 and water-jet technology combine, it is characterised in that：Institute
Active liquid is stated for neutral active liquid, environmentally safe, belong to clean type liquid.
5. the exploitation shale gas method that laser according to claim 2 and water-jet technology combine, it is characterised in that：Institute
Laser instrument is stated using femto-second laser, picosecond laser or nanosecond laser, and energy output is controlled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611069019.7A CN106437633B (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | The exploitation shale gas device and method that a kind of laser and water-jet technology are combined |
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| CN201611069019.7A CN106437633B (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | The exploitation shale gas device and method that a kind of laser and water-jet technology are combined |
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| CN106437633B CN106437633B (en) | 2017-06-27 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107339084A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-10 | 武汉大学 | A kind of controllable and mobilizable double laser beam exploitation shale gas device and method |
| CN107448174A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 武汉大学 | The exploitation shale gas device and method that a kind of laser and water jet are combined |
| CN107725100A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of liquid nitrogen combines laser alternating hot and cold mash gas extraction system and method |
| CN111219189A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-02 | 北京明睿光谱科技有限公司 | Mining drill bit with femtosecond laser cutter and diamond cutter combined and mining method thereof |
| CN112096401A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Spiral laser drilling reaming process method |
| WO2022226292A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | Brown Charles J | Laser-based gasification of carbonaceous materials, and related systems and methods |
| WO2022241194A1 (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-17 | Brown Charles J | Depositing materials in a gaseous state using a laser-based applicator, and related methods, apparatuses, and systems |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107339084A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-10 | 武汉大学 | A kind of controllable and mobilizable double laser beam exploitation shale gas device and method |
| CN107448174A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 武汉大学 | The exploitation shale gas device and method that a kind of laser and water jet are combined |
| CN107725100A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of liquid nitrogen combines laser alternating hot and cold mash gas extraction system and method |
| CN111219189A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-02 | 北京明睿光谱科技有限公司 | Mining drill bit with femtosecond laser cutter and diamond cutter combined and mining method thereof |
| CN111219189B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-05-25 | 北京明睿光谱科技有限公司 | Mining drill bit with femtosecond laser cutter and diamond cutter combined and mining method thereof |
| CN112096401A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Spiral laser drilling reaming process method |
| WO2022226292A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | Brown Charles J | Laser-based gasification of carbonaceous materials, and related systems and methods |
| WO2022241194A1 (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-17 | Brown Charles J | Depositing materials in a gaseous state using a laser-based applicator, and related methods, apparatuses, and systems |
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