CN106437209A - 体育场活动顶棚及其蓄电式太阳能空调系统 - Google Patents

体育场活动顶棚及其蓄电式太阳能空调系统 Download PDF

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CN106437209A
CN106437209A CN201610340598.8A CN201610340598A CN106437209A CN 106437209 A CN106437209 A CN 106437209A CN 201610340598 A CN201610340598 A CN 201610340598A CN 106437209 A CN106437209 A CN 106437209A
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    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
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Abstract

体育场活动顶棚及其(梯级蓄电式)太阳能空调系统，是指在现实露天体育场的基础上加装既能够“封顶”，又能够“露天”的活动顶棚，并利用梯级蓄电式太阳能及其空调系统装置，以实现体育场(含其中心足球场及周边田径跑道)冬“暖”夏“凉”的实用效果的发明创新技术形式。该技术分别通过活动顶棚的制作与安装，梯级式太阳能蓄电设备以及相应的空调系统的设立和安装而使其技术功能得以实现。该技术的推广和使用，不仅能彻底改变人类现实社会过程各级各类露天体育场“冬冷夏热”的不宜环境，并由此而大大提高体育场的使用效益，而且能因体育场自身的太阳能及其蓄电式空调系统的循环动能客观自助性而具有长远而恒定的绿色环保意义。

Description

体育场活动顶棚及其蓄电式太阳能空调系统
技术领域：体育场活动顶棚及其(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统，是指在现实露天体育场的基础上加装既能够“封顶”，又能够“露天”的活动顶棚，并利用蓄电式太阳能及其空调系统装置，以实现体育场(含其中心足球场及其周边田径跑道)冬“暖”夏“凉”的实用效果的创新技术形式。
该技术的推广和使用，不仅能彻底改变人类现实社会过程各级各类(露天)体育场“冬冷夏热”的不宜环境，并由此而大大提高体育场的使用效益，而且能因体育场自身的太阳能及其蓄电式空调系统的循环动能的客观自助性而具有长远而恒定的绿色环保意义。
背景技术：1.在中国和世界范围的人类现实社会过程，绝大部分的体育场(含其中心足球场及其周边田径道)均是没有封顶的“露天”形式，俗称“露天球场”；极少部分的体育场(主要是足球场且主要是在欧洲)实现了建筑形式的全封顶。全封顶的足球场有的叫足球馆，有的仍叫足球场——我们可把它叫做“封顶球场”。
露天球场的优越性主要在于与“天”相联相通，无论是“采光”还是“空气”，都自然而清新；在春-秋两个“宜人”的季节里，这种优越性尤其明显。
封顶球场的优越性主要在于与“天”相隔相离，不受自然气候的干扰和影响；在夏-冬两个“不宜人”的季节里，这种优越性尤其明显。
反之，露天球场的最大弊端，则在于诸如下雨、炎热、寒冷等自然气候的干扰和影响，不仅球场的使用效益要大幅度降低甚至无法使用，而且难以用人工方式予以改善；在夏(热)-冬(冷)的两个“不宜人”的季节里，这种弊端尤其明显。
封顶球场的最大弊端，则在于不仅不能利用或最大程度地利用“阳光”和“空气”等自然资源，而且必然大量耗费传统人工非环保能源——即使是安装了太阳能空调系统，这种“耗费”和“浪费”也无法避免；在春(不热)-秋(不冷)的两个“宜人”的季节里，这种弊端尤其明显。
因此，要克服以上“弊端”并充分发挥其“优越性”，安装“活动顶棚”，无疑是最好的选择。
2.现实社会过程的一切“露天球场”都几乎无法安装空调，更无法改变其“冬冷夏热”的根本状况；即使局部安装了一些独立的空调器，其作用效果也极为有限。反之，如果将“露天球场”改造为既能够“露天”，又能够“封顶”的活动顶棚式封闭球场，则其不仅可安装空调，而且可以根据需要而灵活使用空调器。
3.现实社会过程的一切“封顶球场”都必须安装空调器，但其绝大部分封顶球场的空调器的电源都来自常规的人工电源；即使少部分球场安装了太阳能电源系统，也因其传统的太阳能电源不具有规模化的蓄电功能而使其空调系统的工作状态不仅不能恒定，而且不能优良。反之，如果使用了(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统，则其不仅电能充足而恒定，而且其工作状态能够优良。
发明内容：体育场活动顶棚及其(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统：
1.体育场活动顶棚：体育场活动顶棚主要由如下四个部分所组成：
1)顶棚天窗柜架：用轻体金属为材料，以镶嵌块状棚窗瓦为形式及功能目的，并根据需要而构成结实、稳固及镶嵌自如且平面积大、小不等的框架。
2)顶棚天窗瓦：一般可用透明玻璃钢或其他不透明的木塑材质为材料，分别镶嵌于相应的顶棚架之中，并成为可独立使用及与其他顶棚窗瓦合拼成型的顶棚窗。其大小可根据实际需要及可能而制作；一般为5m×3m左右。
3)封顶平滑轨道支架：用轻体坚固金属为材料，以滑动方式使顶棚天窗“分-合”自如，以达到使体育场既能“封顶”，又能“露天”以及“封”多少“顶”或“露”多少“天”的目的。
4)推(拉)顶棚天窗的动力装置：小型电机及推(拉)装置(因该项装置系常见通用技术，故对其说明在此暂略)。
2.(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统：体育场(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统，主要由如下三个系统所构成：
1)太阳能光伏(热能)系统：该系统将传统光伏太阳能电池板与体育场的棚顶及外墙相结合，形成一个完整而独立且日夜吸收和转换太阳能的热能系统。
2)太阳能(梯级)蓄电系统：该系统与其他太阳能系统的根本区别，在于不仅能“蓄电”，而且是“梯级式”蓄电，从而能最大程度地保证体育场冬“暖”夏“凉”的特定需求。具体地说，在春天不需要太阳能的时候，可分别将春天里的各个时间段所吸收的太阳能分级递增式储存起来，以保证夏天太阳能“制凉”不足时添加使用；同理，在秋天不需要太阳能的时候，也可将秋天里各个时间段所吸收的太阳能分级递增式储存起来，以保证冬天太阳能“供暖”不足时添加使用。
3)体育场空调系统：该系统主要分别由球场地面空调系统、球场及观众席空中空调系统以及观众座席空调系统三个部分所组成。其中，观众坐席空调系统又分别由坐席、扶手和靠背三个“精准”空调部位所构成。
综上，体育场活动顶棚及其(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统的发明创新技术得以成立。
具体实施方式：1.体育场活动顶棚的具体实施方式：第一步，使露天体育场的固定顶棚的面积达到或接近全顶面的3/5左右；即“封顶”和“露天”各占60％与40％左右的面积。例如：北京国家体育场(鸟巢)的原设计方案是“全封顶”，后因经济等原因改成了现在的半封顶半露天的形式，其“封顶”及“露天”的比例大致约为60％和40％，最适合做“活动顶棚”。
第二步：在工厂做好封顶“天窗”的预制件(预制件可做整件也可做散件，其窗瓦可透明也可不透明)。
第三步：在体育场的固定顶棚的顶面安装平滑轨道支架及推(拉)顶棚天窗的动力装置(其装置呈东、西、南、北四面“合围”的状态，其“天窗”可做一层，也可做“透明”和“不透明”的两层)。
第四步：安装活动顶棚并投入使用。
2.体育场太阳能(梯级)蓄电系统：
第一步：在体育场的顶棚(含固定顶棚和活动顶棚)及其外墙部位安装太阳能电池板(电池板可带一定的装饰性)。
第二步：在体育场观众席的顶层之上或顶层之后及顶棚之下的位置安装梯级式蓄电装置。一号蓄电池或蓄电池或组与二号蓄电池或蓄电池组相联接，三号与二号，四号与三号......直至N号与N-1号蓄电池或蓄电池组相联接；其中，上一级蓄电池(组)是下一级蓄电池(组)的电源，下一级蓄电池(组)是上一级蓄电池(组)的(虚拟)用电器......，直至终端蓄电池(组)与体育场空调器等(实际)用电器相联接的实用过程。
3.体育场(太阳能)空调系统：
第一步，在体育场地面周边的看台底部安装球场地面(独体)空调器；每间隔1.00-1.50m距离安装一台(其散热管道由看台底座内空间外接)。
第二步，在体育场观众看台上空位置安装独体或中央空调分流式空调器。
第三步，在体育场观众座席安装中央空调分流式定点——座垫、扶手、靠背——送(冷、暖)气空调系统。
第四步，将以上系统与体育场太阳能蓄电系统相联接。
4.体育场活动顶棚及其(梯级)蓄电式太阳能空调系统的工作状态：
第一步，分别检验以上各系统是否能够进入工作状态。
第二步，将以上各系统予以联接并测试其工作效果。
第三步，投入使用。

Claims (1)

1.体育场活动顶棚及其梯级蓄电式太阳能空调系统，是在现实露天体育场的基础上加装既能够“封顶”，又能够“露天”的活动顶棚，并利用梯级式太阳能蓄电设备及其空调系统，以实现体育场“冬暖夏凉”的实用效果的发明创新技术形式。
其核心价值分别在于——
1.体育场的活动顶棚。
2.体育场的梯级蓄电式太阳能设备系统。
3.体育场的空调设备系统——其中，主要在于向观众座席、扶手和靠背定点、定量、定时输送“冷-暖”气的空调分流系统。
CN201610340598.8A 2016-05-23 2016-05-23 体育场活动顶棚及其蓄电式太阳能空调系统 Pending CN106437209A (zh)

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AU676244B2 (en) * 1993-02-22 1997-03-06 Thomas, Donald S Improvements in and relating to the roofing of stadium structures and the like
JPH09228483A (ja) * 1996-02-23 1997-09-02 Shimizu Corp 構造物への屋根の架設方法および構造物
WO2012105134A1 (ja) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-09 Hayashi Toru 地中熱と太陽熱を利用した空調システム
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