A kind of liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to textile material technical field is and in particular to a kind of liquid metals based on air bubble spinning technology is combined
Fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Composite refers to the material being composited by two or more different materials, flying with modern technologies
Speed development, the continuing to bring out of new material, the composition of metallic composite and performance also constantly update, can have obdurability, conduction,
The functions such as heat conduction, high temperature resistant, wearability, suffer from extensive prospect in automobile, aviation and field of textiles etc..Metallic composite
According to the difference of reinforcement, it is divided into continuous lod and discontinuous fiber to strengthen, by carbon fiber in current continuous lod
Or bioactive ceramics fibre-reinforced light metal composite, high, antifatigue due to having the advantages that light weight, intensity.
At present, increasing new material, new technology and new technology are employed for field of textiles, develop the spinning of New function
Fabric, improves the frontier of new material and field of textiles.Liquid metal refers to a kind of indefinite form metal, can regard as by cation
Fluid and the mixture of free electron gas composition, refer to that fusing point is less than the general name of the metal of aluminium melt temperature, liquid metals has
There are higher thermal conductivity factor, relatively low viscosity and good specific heat and stability.Disclosed in Chinese patent CN 102296405B
A kind of compound-type fabric containing liquid metals, the woven by blend-spinning fiber that this compound-type fabric is included containing liquid metals forms, fine
Dimension can be for being filled with the tubular textile of liquid metals in the textile fabric of surface attachment liquid metals micron particles or pipe
Fiber, or for being filled with the netted bushing type textile fabric of the micro wire braiding of liquid metals, liquid in netted sleeve pipe
The Wood's metal of based alloy, Na-K alloy or indium is transferred, transferred to metal for metal.This compound-type fabric is will be mixed containing liquid metals
Spinning fibre yarn and natural fibre blended yarn weaving form single-layer fabric, then adhere to by sky in the upper and lower surface of this single-layer fabric
So the fabric of fibre blending yarn preparation, three shell fabrics are compounded to form compound-type fabric.
Metal-base composites based on liquid metals mainly has Infiltration Casting method, liquid stirring method and liquid-state extrusion method,
But the preparation method of the fibrous material based on liquid metals simultaneously few, predominantly vacuum impregnation technology, this preparation method is simple, but
Time is longer, and penetrating power is limited, therefore develops new preparation method and is particularly important.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be provide a kind of liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology and
Its preparation method, using liquid metals and macromolecular liquid as raw material, using electrostatic air bubble spinning technology, forms shell core or net
Shape micron order liquid metals composite fibre.The method is simple, and controllability is strong, be rich in the micrometer fibers of preparation liquid metals and
Macromolecular material, has multiple good characteristics.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that:
A kind of liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology, the described liquid metals based on air bubble spinning technology
Composite fibre is micrometer fibers, described comprises liquid metals, carbonization based in the liquid metals composite fibre of air bubble spinning technology
Silicon, alundum (Al2O3) and macromolecular compound, described liquid metals is one or more of zinc, copper, platinum, tin and titanium, described
Macromolecular compound is polyethylene glycol oxide and acrylic resin.
Preferred as technique scheme, the described liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology is tied for shell core
Structure or blending structure.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology, including following
Step:
(1) liquid metals powder is heated melting, add carborundum and alundum (Al2O3), heating stirring forms liquid metals
Spinning solution;
(2) polyethylene glycol oxide adds in deionized water, and heating stirring is slowly added to acrylic resin and surfactant,
Obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution;
(3) the liquid metals spinning solution preparing step (1) is placed in liquid storage pipe, is passed through nitrogen to formation toward in liquid storage pipe
Bubble, instills macromolecular liquid spinning solution prepared by step (2), and applied voltage, collects and obtains as-spun fibre;
(4) as-spun fibre preparing step (3) is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated, takes out standing, obtains based on bubble
The liquid metals composite fibre of spining technology.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), the particle diameter of liquid metals powder is 60-100 μm.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), liquid metals powder and carborundum and alundum (Al2O3)
Mass ratio be 10:2-3:1-2.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (2), surfactant is sodium chloride and phosphate.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (2), polyethylene glycol oxide, deionized water, acrylic resin and
The mass ratio of surfactant is 15-20:100:5-10:3-7.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (3), the pressure of nitrogen is 0.5-0.8MPa, gas flow
For 8-10m3/min.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (3), voltage is 15-20kV, and the distance of collection is 15-
20cm.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (4), ultrasonically treated power is 200-500W, and the time is
60-120s.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) liquid metals and high score are contained in the liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology of present invention preparation
Sub- material, liquid metals and macromolecular material are mixed with core-shell structure or blending structure, and the composite fibre therefore prepared has
Low melting point, intensity is high, good moldability, the feature of good toughness.
(2) the liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology of present invention preparation adopts the micro- of foaming technique preparation
Rice fiber, by existing direct gas-blowing foaming method is combined with electrostatic foaming technique, while foaming, in liquid metals
Surface cover a floor height Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, high molecular polymer is combined with liquid metals, through in the air solvent volatilization formation
Micrometer fibers, preparation method is simple, and controllability is strong.
(3) the liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology of present invention preparation, after forming as-spun fibre, soaks
Stain is in solidify liquid, sonicated, ultrasonically treated be conducive to liquid metals preferably and macromolecule polymer solution, reduce micro-
Porosity in rice fiber, increases the binding strength of liquid metals and high molecular polymer, and the high molecular polymerization by solidification
Liquid metals is firmly bonded to fibrous inside by thing, improves the utilization rate of composite fibre.
Specific embodiment
To describe the present invention, the illustrative examples of the here present invention and explanation below in conjunction with specific embodiment in detail
It is used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 60 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 2 parts of carborundum and 1 part of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 650 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 15 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 5 parts of acrylic resin and 3 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stirring is all
Even obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.5MPa, with 8m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 3ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 15kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 15cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 60s under 200W power, takes out standing, obtain based on gas
The liquid metals composite fibre of bubble spining technology.
Embodiment 2:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 100 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 3 parts of carborundum and 2 parts of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 700 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 20 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 10 parts of acrylic resin and 7 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stir
Uniformly obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.8MPa, with 10m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 5ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 20kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 20cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 120s under 500W power, takes out standing, be based on
The liquid metals composite fibre of air bubble spinning technology.
Embodiment 3:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 80 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 2.5 parts of carborundum and 1.5 parts of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 680 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 17 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 8 parts of acrylic resin and 5 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stirring is all
Even obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.6MPa, with 9m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 4ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 17kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 18cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 90s under 300W power, takes out standing, obtain based on gas
The liquid metals composite fibre of bubble spining technology.
Embodiment 4:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 70 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 2 parts of carborundum and 2 parts of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 700 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 18 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 6 parts of acrylic resin and 4 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stirring is all
Even obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.8MPa, with 10m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 5ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 15kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 20cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 100s under 500W power, takes out standing, be based on
The liquid metals composite fibre of air bubble spinning technology.
Embodiment 5:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 75 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 2.5 parts of carborundum and 1 part of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 700 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 20 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 6 parts of acrylic resin and 5 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stirring is all
Even obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.8MPa, with 8m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 4ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 16kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 16cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 80s under 400W power, takes out standing, obtain based on gas
The liquid metals composite fibre of bubble spining technology.
Embodiment 6:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 80 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 2.5 parts of carborundum and 1.2 parts of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 680 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 17 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 6 parts of acrylic resin and 5 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stirring is all
Even obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.6MPa, with 8m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 3ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 15kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 20cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 80s under 350W power, takes out standing, obtain based on gas
The liquid metals composite fibre of bubble spining technology.
Embodiment 7:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 7100 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 73 parts of carborundum and 1.5 parts of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 650 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 20 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 5 parts of acrylic resin and 7 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stirring is all
Even obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.7MPa, with 9m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 5ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 15kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 15cm.
(4) as-spun fibre is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 90s under 300W power, takes out standing, obtain based on gas
The liquid metals composite fibre of bubble spining technology.
Embodiment 8:
(1) in parts by mass, will be molten to the zinc of particle diameter be 100 μm 10 parts, copper, platinum, tin and the heating of titanium liquid metals powder
Melt, add 2.5 parts of carborundum and 2 parts of alundum (Al2O3), be heated to 700 DEG C, stirring forms liquid metals spinning solution.
(2) by weight, the polyethylene glycol oxide that 15 parts of relative molecular weight is 60000 is added 100 parts of deionization
In water, heating stirring, be slowly added to 10 parts of acrylic resin and 5 parts for sodium chloride and phosphate ester surfactants, stir
Uniformly obtain macromolecular liquid spinning solution.
(3) liquid metals spinning solution is placed in liquid storage pipe, then under the gas pressure of 0.5MPa, with 10m3The gas of/min
Flow is passed through nitrogen toward in liquid storage pipe and forms bubble to the surface of liquid metals spinning solution, instills high score with the speed of 5ml/min
Sub- liquid spinning dope, and apply the voltage of 158kV, obtain as-spun fibre in collection at 20cm.
(4) as-spun fibre preparing step (3) is placed in solidify liquid, ultrasonically treated 80s under 500W power, takes out quiet
Put, obtain the liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology.
After testing, embodiment 1-8 preparation the diameter of the liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology, intensity and
The result of thermal conductivity is as follows:
As seen from the above table, a diameter of micron of liquid metals composite fibre based on air bubble spinning technology of present invention preparation
Level, mechanical strength and thermal conductivity factor are good.
Above-described embodiment only principle of the illustrative present invention and its effect, not for the restriction present invention.Any ripe
The personage knowing this technology all can carry out modifications and changes without prejudice under the spirit and the scope of the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit such as
All equivalent modifications becoming or change, must be covered by the claim of the present invention.