CN106427477A

CN106427477A - Temperature control systems with thermoelectric devices

Info

Publication number: CN106427477A
Application number: CN201610854588.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: T·R·巴恩哈特; M·拉纳利; M·阿戴尔丁格
Original assignee: Gentherm Inc
Current assignee: Gentherm Inc
Priority date: 2012-04-04
Filing date: 2013-03-29
Publication date: 2017-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-29
Also published as: JP6219365B2; WO2013151903A1; CN104334380A; JP2015512357A; DE112013001908T5; JP2019142502A; JP2018012498A; CN106427477B; KR20140143816A; CN104334380B

Abstract

Temperature control systems and methods can be designed for controlling the interior climate of a vehicle or other the climate of another desired region. The temperature control system for a vehicle can have a thermoelectric system providing heating and/or cooling, including supplemental heating and/or cooling. The thermoelectric system can transfer thermal energy between a working fluid, such as liquid coolant, and comfort air upon application of electric current of a selected polarity. The thermoelectric system can supplement or replace the heat provided from an internal combustion engine or other primary heat source. The thermoelectric system can also supplement or replace cold energy provided from a compressor-based refrigeration system or other primary cold energy source.

Description

There is the temperature control system of thermoelectric device

The application is to be on March 29th, 2013, invention entitled " having the temperature control system of thermoelectric device " applying date Chinese patent application 201380029235.7 (PCT/US2013/034690) divisional application.

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

This application claims the U.S. Provisional Patent Application numbering March 13 in 61/620350,2013 that on April 4th, 2012 submits to Patent application number 13/802201 and the patent application number 13/ of on March 13rd, 2013 submission that day submits to 802050 priority.The full content of each application in these applications is incorporated in this for reference and as this specification A part.

Technical field

It relates to domain of control temperature, and it is related to comprise the temperature control system of thermoelectric device and method.

Background technology

The passenger accommodation of vehicle generally passes through heating, ventilation and air adjustment (HVAC) system and is heated and cools down.HVAC system System guided its flowing by the heat exchanger of comfort air is heated or cooled before comfortable air flows into passenger accommodation.Hand in heat In parallel operation, for example, energy transmits between comfort air and the such as cooling agent of water-ethylene glycol cooling agent.Comfort air is permissible Recirculation air from surrounding air or from passenger accommodation and the mixture supply of surrounding air.For vehicle passenger accommodation heat and The energy of cooling for example generally feeds engine supply from the fuel of such as explosive motor.

Some automotive hvac frameworks include providing the positive temperature coefficient resistor of the supplementary heating of the air flowing to passenger accommodation (PTC) heater assembly.Existing vehicle PTC device HVAC framework has various shortcomings.

Content of the invention

Embodiment described herein has some features, and any one among them can not be solely responsible for their phase Hope attribute.In the case of not limiting the scope of the present invention stated as claim, will be briefly discussed now therein certain A little advantages.

Some disclosed embodiments are included for controlling the indoor climate of vehicle or other weathers of another desired region System and method.Some embodiments provide the temperature control system for vehicle, and in temperature control system, heat and power system provides Supplementary heating and/or cooling.Heat and power system can apply during electric current in working fluid (such as liquid cooling in selected polarity Agent) transmit energy and comfort air between.In a particular embodiment, heat and power system supplement or replace from explosive motor or other The heat that main heat source provides.Heat and power system supplemented with or replace from the refrigeration system based on compressor or other main cold energy sources The cold energy providing.

Some disclosed embodiments include the system and method for stopping engine or tail-off cooling.Engine Close refrigerating mode can be used for maintaining comfortable compartment to reach finite time amount in the idle engine down periods.In this pattern In, when engine is turned off, evaporimeter is idle.The cooling being provided by the thermal inertia of cooling agent and electrothermal module energy Enough allow tail-off and save fuel, still allow for passenger carriage simultaneously and be cooled.

Some disclosed embodiments include the system and method for stopping engine or tail-off heating.Engine Close heating mode can be used for maintaining comfortable compartment temperature to reach finite time amount in the idle engine down periods.By heat The compartment that the thermal inertia of the thermal inertia in the heat of electric module offer, cooling agent and engine cylinder-body allows system to heat vehicle is simultaneously Allow tail-off and save fuel.

The disclosed embodiments include for heat and cool down vehicle climate inside system.In certain embodiments, System for controlling the temperature in the passenger accommodation of vehicle includes main fluid passageway and is operably connected to main fluid passageway One or more thermoelectric devices.Thermoelectric device can include at least one thermoelectric element, and it is configured to the first polarity and applies Heat the fluid flowing in main fluid passageway during electric energy and cooling fluid during electric energy is applied with the second polarity.Thermoelectric device is permissible It is subdivided into multiple hot-zones.The plurality of hot-zone can include the first hot-zone and the second hot-zone, and the first hot-zone is coupled in Switchable first circuit between one polarity and the second polarity, the second hot-zone is connected to second circuit, and second circuit is in independence It is switchable between first polarity and the second polarity of the polarity of the first circuit.

This system can include being arranged in main fluid passageway and be thermally connected to the first of one or more thermoelectric devices Heat exchanger.As an example, main fluid passageway may be connected to single thermoelectric device, in the first hot-zone of thermoelectric device One first type surface and be arranged in main fluid passageway and be thermally connected to the second first type surface in the second hot-zone of thermoelectric device Second heat exchanger is in described single thermoelectric device.This system can include process fluid passages；It is arranged in working fluid to lead to 3rd heat exchanger in road and the first useless surface of being thermally connected in the first hot-zone of thermoelectric device；Be arranged in workflow 4th heat exchanger in body passage and the second useless surface of being thermally connected in the second hot-zone of thermoelectric device.Thermoelectric device can With transferring heat energy between the first first type surface of being configured in the first hot-zone and the first useless surface and in the second hot-zone the Transferring heat energy between two first type surfaces and the second useless surface.

This system can include controller, and it is configured is made by controlling the polarity of the first circuit and the polarity of second circuit System is run in one of multiple enabled modes.Described multiple enabled mode can include defogging mode, heating mode and Refrigerating mode.Controller can be configured when at least one thermoelectric device is run with defogging mode, independently with one or more Second polarity of multiple thermoelectric devices is run the first circuit and is run second circuit with the first polarity.

This system can include the first useless surface in the first hot-zone be thermally connected to one or more thermoelectric devices First operating fluid loop and the second operating fluid loop independent of described first operating fluid loop, the second working fluid returns The second useless surface that road is thermally connected in the second hot-zone of one or more thermoelectric devices.First operating fluid loop and Each of two operating fluid loops can be selectively connected between one or more thermoelectric devices and fin or Between one or more thermoelectric devices and thermal source.When the first circuit is switched to the first polarity chron, the first operating fluid loop May be connected to thermal source, and when the first circuit is switched to the second polarity chron, may be connected to fin.When the second electricity Road is switched to the first polarity chron, and the second operating fluid loop may be connected to thermal source, and when second circuit is switched to Second polarity chron, may be connected to fin.This system can include controller, and it is configured by switching the first circuit To the second polarity and second circuit is switched to the first polarity and this system is run with defogging mode.

In certain embodiments, using HVAC system the method for the passenger accommodation delivery temperature controlled air to vehicle include with One of multiple enabled modes runtime is to provide air stream to passenger accommodation.Described multiple enabled mode can be included in car Can the defogging mode of isolated operation, heating mode and refrigerating mode in one or more areas in.The method can include In defogging mode run duration, by directing air flow to deliver air at least one of passenger accommodation in main fluid passageway Point；Air stream in main fluid passageway is cooled down by the heat energy removing from the air stream in the first hot-zone of thermoelectric device；With And subsequently pass through the air stream interpolation energy heats air stream in the second hot-zone of thermoelectric device.The method can include adding Heat pattern run duration, by directing air flow in main fluid passageway by the air flow delivery of heating to passenger accommodation at least A part；And it is logical in main fluid to add energy heats by the air stream in first hot-zone and the second hot-zone of thermoelectric device Air stream in road.The method can include in refrigerating mode run duration, by directing air flow in main fluid passageway At least a portion by the air flow delivery of cooling to passenger accommodation；And by removing from the first hot-zone of thermoelectric device and the The heat energy of the air stream in two hot-zones is cooled in the air stream in main fluid passageway.

Conveying air can include removing from institute by circulating the first working fluid between the first hot-zone and fin State the heat energy of the first hot-zone of at least one of thermoelectric device thermoelectric device and by following between the second hot-zone and thermal source Heat energy is added in second hot-zone of ring the second working fluid thermoelectric device.Each in first working fluid and the second working fluid Individual can include liquid heat transfer fluid.For example, the first working fluid can include the aqueous solution, and the second working fluid is permissible But including the identical aqueous solution at different temperatures.

The first hot-zone offer that the air stream of conveying heating may further include thermoelectric device has the first polarity Second hot-zone of electric energy and thermoelectric device provides the electric energy with the second polarity.The electric energy being supplied to thermoelectric device can lead to Heat energy has to be transferred to air stream via thermoelectric device from least one working fluid.

In certain embodiments, the method manufacturing the system for adjusting the passenger's air in vehicle includes providing air stream Dynamic passage；One or more thermoelectric devices are operably connected to air flow passage；There is provided and one or more thermoelectricity dresses At least one process fluid passages of at least one the useless surface thermal communication put；And the first circuit is connected to thermoelectric device First hot-zone.First circuit can be configured to the first polarity or be selectively supplied with electric power with the second polarity to the first hot-zone. Method can include second circuit is connected to the second hot-zone of thermoelectric device.Second circuit can be configured to the first polarity or Electric power is selectively supplied with to the second hot-zone with the second polarity.

The method can include providing controller, and controller is configured by selecting in one or more thermoelectric devices At least part of control system of polarity of the polarity of the first circuit and second circuit.

The method can include configuring at least one process fluid passages, with least one thermoelectric device and thermal source or scattered Selectively moved heat energy between backing.

Thermoelectric device is operably connected to air flow passage and can include arranging first in air flow passage Heat exchanger；Second heat exchanger is arranged in air flow passage；First hot-zone of thermoelectric device is connected to the first heat hand over Parallel operation；And the second hot-zone of thermoelectric device is connected to second heat exchanger.First hot-zone of thermoelectric device is connected to One heat exchanger can include for the first type surface in the first hot-zone being connected to first heat exchanger, first type surface with the first hot-zone Useless surface relatively.

In certain embodiments, for control vehicle passenger accommodation at least a portion in the system of temperature include first Fluid passage；The second fluid passage being at least partially separated from by dividing plate and first fluid passage；It is operably connected to first-class Cooling air in body passage or the cooling device both operable leap first fluid passage and second fluid passage；Operable It is connected to the heater core of the hot-air in second fluid passage；It is operably connected to the second fluid in heater core downstream to lead to Road or the thermoelectric device being operably connected to the first fluid passage in cooling device downstream；Be arranged in first fluid passage with Circulation between second fluid passage to passage or is arranged in the flow control valve in first fluid passage and second fluid passage.Stream Turn to passage and can be configured cooling device cooled air in first fluid passage and be selectively diverted to second Fluid passage is so that air flows through at least one of heater core and thermoelectric device after circulation is to passage.Controller can Run at least one this kind of system to be configured at least refrigerating mode, heating mode and defogging mode.Controller can remove During mist pattern, lead to circulation, to passage, the air from first fluid passage is redirect to second fluid passage.

Circulate and can include turning to combination gates, stream steering component to passage and/or be configured at least open position and pass The flow control valve of rotation between closed position.When turning to combination gates or stream steering component is in an open position, air can be from the One fluid passage is diverted into second fluid passage.When turning to combination gates or stream steering component is in the close position, Ke Yiyun Permitted air flow and be not diverted through first fluid passage.It is arranged in first fluid passage and second fluid by selectively opened Flow control valve in passage, it is possible to achieve similar air turns to.

This system can include access road selecting device, and it is configured and draws at least a portion air entering this system Lead at least one of first fluid passage and second fluid passage.Access road selecting device can be configured air stream It is directed in second fluid passage, and thermoelectric device can be configured in heating mode run duration and transfer thermal energy to air Stream.Access road selecting device can include entrance combination gates.Entrance combination gates can be operable to primary importance, Move between all positions between two positions and first and second position.The position of entrance combination gates can be independent of steering The position of combination gates.

At least one cooling device can be from absorbed heat energy, and thermoelectric device can be in the defogging mode runtime Between transfer thermal energy to air stream.At least one cooling device can be configured from absorbed heat energy, and thermoelectric device Refrigerating mode run duration can be configured in from absorbed heat energy.

Circulate and can include the hole of formation or stream steering component in dividing plate to passage.Hole or stream steering component can be through joining Put and selectively blocked.

One or more thermoelectric devices can be subdivided into multiple hot-zones, and the plurality of hot-zone includes the first hot-zone and Two hot-zones, the first hot-zone be configured to first polarity apply electric energy when heating in second fluid passage flowing fluid and with Second polarity applies cooling fluid during electric energy, and the second hot-zone is in the first pole of the polarity independent of the electric energy putting on the first hot-zone It is switchable between property and the second polarity.

One or more heater cores can during at least heating mode with power drive system cooling agent thermal communication. In certain embodiments, heater core during at least refrigerating mode not with power drive system cooling agent thermal communication.

At least one surface of one or more thermoelectric devices may be connected to the heat exchange with air stream thermal communication Device.Cooling device can also be connected to the one or more heat exchangers with air stream thermal communication.

In certain embodiments, using HVAC system the method for the passenger accommodation delivery temperature controlled air to vehicle include with At least a portion of one of multiple enabled modes runtime is to provide air stream at least a portion of passenger accommodation.Described Multiple enabled modes can include defogging mode, heating mode and refrigerating mode.The method can include running in defogging mode Period, flow passage to passenger accommodation conveying air by directing air flow at least first fluid；With cooling device cooling the Air stream in one fluid flowing passage；Subsequently from first fluid flowing passage to second fluid flowing passage conveying air stream； And subsequently use the air that both heater core, thermoelectric device or heater core and thermoelectric device flow in passage to second fluid Stream heating.The method can be included in heating mode run duration, logical by directing air flow at least second fluid flowing By at least a portion of the air flow delivery of heating to passenger accommodation in road；And with heater core, thermoelectric device or heater core The air stream heating with both thermoelectric devices, second fluid flowed in passage.The method can be included in the refrigerating mode runtime Between, by directing air flow at least one of first fluid flowing passage and second fluid flowing passage, by cooling Air flow delivery to passenger accommodation at least a portion and by with cooling device cool down first fluid flow passage in air stream Cooling air stream, cools down, with thermoelectric device, the air stream that second fluid flows in passage, or is cooling down second with thermoelectric device Cool down, with cooling device, the air stream that first fluid flows in passage during air stream in fluid flowing passage.

During refrigerating mode, conveying air can include determining that being supplied to thermoelectric device uses thermoelectric device by sky Air-flow is cooled to the first amount of the energy of preferred temperature and whether uses cooling device by air less than being supplied to cooling device Stream is cooled to the second amount of the energy of preferred temperature, and when the first amount determining energy is less than the second amount of energy, with heat Electric installation cools down the air stream that second fluid flows in passage.

The air stream of conveying heating can include determining that whether heater core can be heated to preferred temperature by air stream；When When determining that air stream can be heated to preferred temperature by heater core, heat, with heater core, the sky that second fluid flows in passage Air-flow；And when determining that air stream can not be heated to preferred temperature by heater core, heat second fluid stream with thermoelectric device Air stream in dynamic passage.

In certain embodiments, manufacture for adjust vehicle at least a portion in passenger's air device method bag Offer is provided and is divided into the first air conduit and the air flow passage of the second air conduit at least in part；Can by cooling device It is operatively coupled to the first air conduit or cooling device is operably connected to the first air conduit and the second air conduit The two；Heater core is operably connected to the second air conduit；At least one thermoelectric device is operably connected to Two air conduits so that when air flows through described passage thermoelectric device in the downstream of heater core, or by least one thermoelectricity Device is operably connected to the first air conduit so that when air flows through described passage, thermoelectric device is in cooling device Downstream；And between the first air conduit and the second air conduit provide fluid turn to passage so that when air flow through described lead to During road, fluid turns to passage and is positioned in the downstream of cooling device and the upstream of heater core, or described in so that flowing through when air During passage, fluid turns to passage and is positioned in the downstream of cooling device, heater core and thermoelectric device, or described in flowing through when air During passage, first air conduit and the second air conduit in cooling device downstream provide flow control valve.Fluid turns to passage Can be configured and the air from the first air conduit is selectively redirect to the second air conduit.By being selectively opened cloth Put the flow control valve in the first air conduit and the second air conduit, it is possible to achieve similar air turns to.

The cooling device that is operably connected can include in first fluid passage arrangement heat exchanger and by heat exchanger It is connected to cooling device.The heater core that is operably connected can include in second fluid passage arrangement heat exchanger and by heat Exchanger is connected to heater core.The thermoelectric device that is operably connected can include arranging heat exchanger in second fluid passage And heat exchanger is connected to thermoelectric device.

The method can include providing channel selection device, and wherein said channel selection device is arranged close to the first air Conduit and the entrance of the second air conduit.

Some disclosed embodiments are related to control the temperature in the passenger accommodation of vehicle.For example, temperature control system (TCS) can To include air duct, it is configured and conveys air stream to the passenger accommodation of vehicle.TCS can include heat energy, a heat transfer Device and the thermoelectric device TED being connected to air duct.Cooling agent can be recycled to heat energy, heat-transfer arrangement by fluid circuit And/or TED.Bypass loop can bypass TED and heat energy is connected to heat-transfer arrangement.Actuator can lead to cool down with TED Agent optionally circulates in bypass loop or fluid circuit.When determining that heat energy source preparation provides heat to air stream, control dress Put and can run actuator.

Some embodiments provide the system for controlling the temperature in the passenger accommodation of vehicle, and system includes being configured to vehicle Passenger accommodation convey passenger's air stream at least one passenger's air duct, at least one heat energy, be connected to passenger's air lead to At least one heat-transfer arrangement in road, at least one thermoelectric device (TED), it is configured and cooling agent is recycled to heat energy, heat passes Delivery device and/or the fluid circuit of TED, are configured at least one bypass loop that heat energy is connected to heat-transfer arrangement, warp At least one actuator that configuration leads to cooling agent in bypass loop rather than circulates in fluid circuit, and at least one control System processed.Control system can include being configured and is connected to second bypass loop of TED, is configured and leads to cooling agent heat energy At least one actuator of circulation and at least one control system in the second bypass loop rather than fluid circuit.Control system System can be configured and run at least one actuator when determining heat energy source preparation to passenger's air stream offer heat, thus leading to cold But agent circulates at least one bypass loop rather than fluid circuit.

Additional embodiment can include being configured the pump making cooling agent circulate in fluid circuit.This system can also be wrapped Include the evaporimeter being operably connected to passenger's air duct.Heat energy can be vehicle motor, supply of vehicles engine The heater core of heat energy, the combination of gas extraction system, another suitable thermal source or source.Another embodiment can include mixing Door, it may be operably connected in passenger's air duct and be configured transmission (route) passenger's air stream fill across heat transfer Put.In certain embodiments, actuator can be the combination of flow control device, valve, adjuster or structure.

Further embodiment can include being configured the cooling fluid circuit that TED is connected to low temperature core.Low temperature core can To be the radiator being configured the dissipation of heat from fluid in surrounding air.Cooling fluid circuit can also include providing foot The pump of enough fluid motions.Whether control system can also be further configured determination system in the heating or refrigerating mode fortune OK；And when determination system is run in the cooling mode, run at least one actuator to lead to cooling agent to return in cooling fluid Circulate in road.

In certain embodiments, when heat energy reaches threshold temperature, heat energy source preparation provides heat to passenger's air stream.Control Device processed is it may also be determined that when the cooling agent cycling through heat energy reaches threshold temperature, heat energy source preparation carries to passenger's air stream Heat supply.

The method that some embodiments provide the temperature in the passenger accommodation controlling vehicle, the method includes making passenger's air stream move Move across the heat-transfer arrangement in the passenger's air duct being operably connected to vehicle；Run vehicle with the first operation mode Temperature control system, wherein thermoelectric device (TED) may include transmission heat between the fluid circuit of heat energy and heat-transfer arrangement Energy；And after temperature control system is run with the first operation mode, temperature control system is switched to the second operation mould Formula.In the second operational mode, temperature control system opens the bypass loop with heat-transfer arrangement and heat energy thermal communication.Bypass Loop be configured in not using in the case of TED between heat-transfer arrangement and heat energy transferring heat energy.

In further embodiments, when heat energy reaches threshold temperature, temperature control system is switched to second mode. Heat energy can be automobile engine.Temperature control system can be switched to second mode, other standards example based on other standards As when the fluid temperature (F.T.) in fluid circuit reaches threshold temperature, when specified time quantum past tense, when passenger's air stream Temperature reach during threshold temperature or any other specified requirements or condition combination.

Some embodiments provide and manufacture the method being used for controlling the device of temperature in the passenger accommodation of vehicle, and method includes carrying For being configured at least one the passenger's air duct conveying passenger's air stream to the passenger accommodation of vehicle, at least one heat transfer is filled Put and be operably connected to passenger's air duct, at least one heat energy is provided, at least one thermoelectric device (TED) is provided, will Fluid circuit is operably connected to heat energy, heat-transfer arrangement and/or TED, and wherein fluid circuit is configured circulating coolant, TED and/or heat-transfer arrangement are operably connected to fluid circuit, at least one bypass loop is operably connected to heat To heat-transfer arrangement, wherein at least one bypass loop is configured circulating coolant to the energy, provides to be configured and leads to cooling agent to exist In bypass loop rather than fluid circuit, at least one actuator of circulation, the second bypass loop is operably connected to heat energy To TED, the wherein second bypass loop is configured circulating coolant in source, provides to be configured and leads to cooling agent in the second bypass loop It is not at least one actuator of circulation in fluid circuit, and offer is configured when determination heat energy source preparation is to passenger's air stream At least one control device of at least one actuator is run when heat is provided.

In certain embodiments, passenger's air duct can include the first air duct and the second air duct.Second is empty Gas passage can be arranged at least in part parallel with respect to the first air duct.Passenger's air duct can also include combination gates, It is configured makes air stream be selectively diverted by the first air duct and the second air duct.Can only lead in the second air Heat-transfer arrangement is arranged in road.

In further embodiments, evaporimeter can be operatively connected to passenger's air duct.Some embodiments are also Low temperature core can be provided.Cooling fluid circuit can be operatively connected to low temperature core and TED.Cooling fluid circuit can be through Configuration circulating coolant.

According to embodiment disclosed herein, it provides during the explosive motor of vehicle starts, for heating, cooling down And/or the temperature control system of the passenger accommodation of demisting vehicle.This system includes engine coolant loop, this engine coolant Loop includes being configured in wherein conveying the engine cylinder-body coolant conduit of cooling agent.Engine cylinder body canal is interior with vehicle Burn engine thermal communication.This system further include in the comfort air passage be arranged in vehicle and with engine cylinder-body cooling agent The heater core of catheter fluid connection.This system further includes the thermoelectric device with useless surface and first type surface.Useless surface with Thermal source or fin thermal communication.This system further includes to be arranged in comfort air passage and hot with the first type surface of thermoelectric device The supplementary heat exchanger of connection.When temperature control system is run, supplementing heat exchanger can be with respect in comfort air passage Comfort air stream direction be in the downstream of heater core.This system further includes controller, and it is configured to multiple operations Mode operation temperature control system.Described plurality of operating modes includes starting heating mode, and in starting heating mode, thermoelectricity fills Put during the electric current being configured in receiving with the first polarity supply and when explosive motor runs, by by from useless surface Heat energy is delivered to first type surface heating comfort air stream.Described plurality of operating modes further includes heating mode, in heating mode In, explosive motor is configured in electric current and does not supply to thermoelectric device and when explosive motor just runs, and heats comfortable sky Air-flow.In starting heating mode, in the case of not providing heat by thermoelectric device, explosive motor can not be by comfort air When stream is heated to specified comfort temperature, thermoelectric device provides heat to comfort air stream.During starting heating mode, with cooling agent Temperature increase, the coefficient of performance of thermoelectric device increases.

In certain embodiments, start heating mode in, temperature control system be configured in when explosive motor with When the running temperature of environment temperature starts by the passenger accommodation of vehicle be heated to specific compartment temperature than in heating mode by passenger Room is heated to specific compartment temperature faster；Start heating mode to include explosive motor and be configured in thermoelectric device receiving with first Heat comfort air stream during the electric current of polarity supply；Described plurality of operating modes further includes to supplement refrigerating mode；Thermoelectricity fills Put to be delivered to useless surface and cool down by the heat energy of main surface in future when being configured in receiving the electric current with the second polarity supply and relax Suitable air stream；Described plurality of operating modes further includes to start defogging mode；Expansion core is configured cooling comfort air stream, And thermoelectric device is configured by the heat energy from useless surface being delivered to master when receiving the electric current with the first polarity supply Comfort air stream is heated on surface；Startup defogging mode includes explosive motor and is configured in thermoelectric device reception with the first polarity confession Heat comfort air stream during the electric current answered；Described plurality of operating modes further includes defogging mode；Expansion core is configured in Electric current is not supplied to cooling comfort air stream during thermoelectric device；Supplement expansion core in comfort air passage for the heat exchanger Downstream；This system further includes the heat storage devices being arranged in comfort air passage, and heat storage devices are configured storage heat Can and be to air stream transferring heat energy or from least one of absorbed heat energy；This system further includes to be arranged in easypro The expansion core of the refrigeration system of the belt drives in suitable air duct；Heat storage devices are connected to expansion core；Thermmal storage Device stores cooling capacity during being configured at least one of refrigerating mode or defogging mode pattern；Thermoelectric device is arranged In comfort air passage；The useless surface of thermoelectric device and engine cylinder-body coolant conduit thermal communication；Thermal source is battery, electronics At least one of exhaust apparatus of device, burner or vehicle；This system further includes to be connected to the useless of thermoelectric device The waste heat exchanger on surface；Waste heat exchanger is connected to the fluid circuit comprising liquid phase working fluid；Liquid phase working fluid with Thermal source or fin are in fluid communication；Fluid circuit includes the first conduit leads with the first bypass being configured in wherein conveying cooling agent Pipe, the first conduit is in fluid communication with heater core, and the first bypass manifold is configured the stream bypassing the cooling agent around the first conduit Dynamic；Startup heating mode includes restriction cooling agent to be passed through the flowing of the first conduit and directs coolant through the first bypass manifold Flowing；Fluid circuit includes the second conduit and is configured in wherein conveying the second bypass manifold of cooling agent, the second conduit and benefit Fill heat exchanger fluid connection, the second bypass manifold is configured the flowing bypassing the cooling agent around the second conduit；And/or heating Pattern includes limiting cooling agent passes through flowing and directing coolant through the flowing of the second bypass manifold of the second conduit.

According to embodiment disclosed herein, it provides during the explosive motor of vehicle starts, for controlling vehicle The method of the temperature of passenger accommodation.The method includes guiding air stream to pass through comfort air passage.The method further includes to guide Cooling agent passes through engine coolant loop, and engine coolant loop includes and the starting of the explosive motor thermal communication of vehicle Machine cylinder body coolant conduit.The method further include guide air stream by be disposed in comfort air passage and with start The heater core of machine cylinder body coolant conduit thermal communication.The method further includes to guide air stream by with thermoelectric device heat even Logical supplementary heat exchanger.When air stream just flows, supplement heat exchanger with respect to the comfort air in comfort air passage Stream direction is in the downstream of heater core.Thermoelectric device has useless surface and first type surface, and useless surface is led with engine cylinder-body cooling agent Pipe or fin thermal communication, first type surface and supplementary heat exchanger thermal communication.The method further includes in startup heating mode With the first polarity thermoelectric device provisioning electric current, for being relaxed by making thermoelectric device heat from useless surface to first type surface transferring heat energy Suitable air.In starting heating mode, in the case of not providing heat by thermoelectric device, explosive motor can not be by comfortable sky When air-flow is heated to specified comfort temperature, thermoelectric device provides heat to comfort air stream.

In certain embodiments, method further includes at and limits electric current in heating mode to thermoelectric device；Internal-combustion engine Machine is configured heating comfort air stream；In starting heating mode, temperature control system is configured when explosive motor is with ring When the running temperature of border temperature starts, by the passenger accommodation of vehicle be heated to specific compartment temperature than in heating mode by passenger accommodation It is heated to specific compartment temperature faster；The method further includes to guide air stream by being disposed in comfort air passage The expansion core of the refrigeration system of belt drives；The method further includes in supplementary refrigerating mode, with the second polarity to heat Electric installation supplies induced current, for by making thermoelectric device cool down comfort air stream from master meter towards useless surface transferring heat energy；The party Method further includes to limit the flowing that cooling agent passes through engine cylinder-body coolant conduit, is transmitted with the used heat suppressing thermoelectric device Thermal communication between surface and explosive motor；The method further includes in startup defogging mode, with the first polarity to heat Electric installation supplies induced current, for evaporimeter cooling comfort air when by from useless surface to first type surface transferring heat energy make thermoelectricity dress Put heating comfort air；The direction in comfort air passage is in expansion core with respect to comfort air stream to supplement heat exchanger Downstream；Waste heat exchanger is connected to the useless surface of thermoelectric device；Waste heat exchanger is connected to and comprises liquid phase working fluid Fluid circuit；And/or liquid phase working fluid is in fluid communication with engine cylinder-body coolant conduit or fin.

According to embodiment disclosed herein, it provides during the explosive motor of vehicle stops, for heating, cooling down And/or the temperature control system of the passenger accommodation of demisting vehicle.This system includes engine coolant loop, this engine coolant Loop includes being configured in wherein conveying the engine cylinder-body coolant conduit of cooling agent.Engine cylinder body canal is interior with vehicle Burn engine thermal communication.This system further include in the comfort air passage be arranged in vehicle and with engine cylinder-body cooling agent The heater core of catheter fluid connection.This system further includes the thermoelectric device with useless surface and first type surface.This system is entered One step includes being arranged in comfort air passage and the supplementary heat exchanger with the first type surface thermal communication of thermoelectric device.This system is entered One step includes being connected to the waste heat exchanger on the useless surface of thermoelectric device.Waste heat exchanger is connected to and comprises liquid phase workflow The fluid circuit of body.Liquid phase working fluid is in fluid communication with thermal source or fin.This system further includes controller, and it is through joining Put with plurality of operating modes running temperature control system.Described plurality of operating modes includes stopping heating mode, is stopping heating In pattern, the waste heat of explosive motor is configured in electric current and does not supply to during thermoelectric device and when explosive motor stops, Heating comfort air stream.Described plurality of operating modes further includes to stop cold heating mode, in stopping cold heating mode, heat Electric installation be configured in receive with first polarity supply electric current when and when explosive motor stops, by from useless surface to First type surface transferring heat energy heats comfort air stream.In stopping cold heating mode, in the situation not provided heat by thermoelectric device When comfort air stream can not be heated to specified comfort temperature by lower explosive motor, thermoelectric device provides heat to comfort air stream.

In certain embodiments, in stopping cold heating mode, temperature control system is configured in the passenger accommodation of vehicle It is heated to during specific compartment temperature and allow explosive motor dwell time ratio stopping stopping explosive motor in heating mode Time is longer；Stop cold heating mode and include when thermoelectric device receives the electric current with the first polarity supply, explosive motor warp Configuration heating comfort air stream；Described plurality of operating modes further includes to supplement refrigerating mode；By receiving with the second pole Property supply electric current when from master meter towards useless surface transferring heat energy, thermoelectric device be configured cooling comfort air stream；This system is entered One step includes the thermal storage being arranged in comfort air passage, and thermal storage is configured storage heat energy and is to air stream Transferring heat energy or from least one of absorbed heat energy；This system further includes to be arranged in comfort air passage The expansion core of the refrigeration system of belt drives；Thermal storage is connected to expansion core；In thermal storage is configured in When burn engine runs, storage cooling capacity during at least one of refrigerating mode or defogging mode；Described multiple operation Pattern further includes the first stopping defogging mode；Thermal storage is configured and absorbs by using the cooling capacity being stored Cool down comfort air stream from the heat energy of air stream, and thermoelectric device is configured by receiving with the electric current of the first polarity supply When from useless surface to first type surface transferring heat energy heat comfort air stream；When temperature control system is run, supplement heat exchanger phase For direction in comfort air passage for the comfort air stream in the downstream of heater core；The useless surface of thermoelectric device and engine Cylinder body coolant conduit thermal communication；Described thermal source is at least in the exhaust apparatus of battery, electronic installation, burner or vehicle Individual；Fluid circuit includes the first conduit and is configured in wherein conveying the first bypass manifold of cooling agent, the first conduit and heating Device core is in fluid communication, and the first bypass manifold is configured the flowing bypassing the cooling agent around the first conduit；Stop cold heating mode Pass through flowing and directing coolant through the flowing of the first bypass manifold of the first conduit including limiting cooling agent；Fluid circuit bag Include the second conduit and the second bypass manifold being configured in wherein conveying cooling agent, the second conduit connects with supplementing heat exchanger fluid Logical, the second bypass manifold is configured the flowing bypassing the cooling agent around the second conduit；Stop heating mode including limiting cooling Flowing and directing coolant through the flowing of the second bypass manifold of the second conduit is passed through in agent；Described plurality of operating modes is further Including the second stopping defogging mode；Thermoelectric device be configured by receive with second polarity supply electric current when from master meter towards Useless surface transferring heat energy cooling comfort air stream, and explosive motor be configured in explosive motor can be by comfort air stream It is heated to heating comfort air stream during specified comfort temperature；And/or when temperature control system is run, supplement heat exchanger It is in the upstream of heater core with respect to direction in comfort air passage for the comfort air stream.

According to embodiment disclosed herein, it provides during the explosive motor of vehicle stops, for controlling vehicle The method of the temperature of passenger accommodation.The method includes guiding air stream to pass through comfort air passage.The method further includes to guide Cooling agent passes through engine coolant loop, and engine coolant loop includes and the starting of the explosive motor thermal communication of vehicle Machine cylinder body coolant conduit.The method further include guide air stream by be arranged in comfort air passage and and engine The heater core of cylinder body coolant conduit thermal communication.The method further include guide air stream by with thermoelectric device thermal communication Supplementary heat exchanger.Thermoelectric device has first type surface and useless surface, first type surface and supplementary heat exchanger thermal communication, useless surface quilt It is connected to waste heat exchanger.Waste heat exchanger is connected to the fluid circuit comprising liquid phase working fluid.Liquid phase working fluid with Engine cylinder-body coolant conduit or fin are in fluid communication.The method further includes in the cold heating mode of stopping, with the One polarity thermoelectric device provisioning electric current, for by making to first type surface transferring heat energy from useless surface when explosive motor stops Thermoelectric device heats comfort air.In stopping cold heating mode, in the case of not providing heat by thermoelectric device, internal combustion is sent out When comfort air stream can not be heated to specified comfort temperature by motivation, thermoelectric device provides heat to comfort air stream.

In certain embodiments, when air stream just flows, supplement heat exchanger with respect to comfort air stream in comfortable sky Direction in gas passage is in the downstream of heater core；The method further includes in stopping heating mode, limits electric current and arrives Thermoelectric device；Explosive motor is configured heating comfort air stream；In stopping cold heating mode, the passenger accommodation of vehicle is being added When heat is to specific compartment temperature, temperature control system is configured and allows the dwell time ratio of explosive motor stopping heating mode The time of middle stopping explosive motor is longer；The method is additionally included in supplementary refrigerating mode, with the second polarity thermoelectric device For induced current, for by making thermoelectric device cool down comfort air stream from master meter towards useless surface transferring heat energy；The method enters one Step includes limiting cooling agent by the flowing of engine cylinder-body coolant conduit, with suppress thermoelectric device useless heat transfer surface and Thermal communication between explosive motor；The method further includes in stopping defogging mode, with the second polarity thermoelectric device For induced current, for by making thermoelectric device cool down comfort air from master meter towards useless surface transferring heat energy, and internal-combustion engine Machine is configured in explosive motor and comfort air stream can be heated to heating comfort air stream during specified comfort temperature；And/ Or when air stream just flows, the direction in comfort air passage is in heater with respect to air stream to supplement heat exchanger The upstream of core.

Brief description

Accompanying drawing and its description of association is provided to illustrate that embodiment of the disclosure, rather than in order to limit required guarantor The scope of shield.

Figure 1A illustrates the schematic architecture of the example embodiment of micro-hybrid system.

Figure 1B illustrates the schematic architecture of the example embodiment of micro-hybrid system.

The schematic diagram of the example embodiment of HVAC framework that Fig. 2 illustrates to comprise thermoelectric device.

Fig. 3 illustrates to comprise the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system of binary channels framework.

Fig. 4 is shown in the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system comprising binary channels framework in heating configuration.

Fig. 5 is shown in the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system comprising binary channels framework in cooling construction.

Fig. 6 is shown in the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of HVAC system in demisting construction comprise binary channels framework.

Fig. 7 be shown in comprise in demisting construction with reorientate or the extra binary channels framework of thermoelectric device HVAC The schematic diagram of the example embodiment of system.

Fig. 8 illustrates to comprise the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system of the binary channels framework with combination gates.

Fig. 9 illustrates to comprise the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system of the binary channels framework with combination gates.

Figure 10 illustrates to comprise the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system of the binary channels framework with stream steering component.

Figure 11 illustrates to comprise the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system of the binary channels framework with multiple valves.

Figure 12 is the chart being related to comprise the example embodiment of HVAC system of dual temperature (bithermal) thermoelectric device.

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the HVAC system comprising dual temperature thermoelectric device.

Figure 14 is the chart of the power configuration of the example embodiment being related to dual temperature thermoelectric device.

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of the temperature control system comprising dual temperature thermoelectric device.

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of dual temperature electrothermal circuit.

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of temperature control system.

Figure 18 is the flow chart being related to the embodiment of temperature control system that can bypass TED.

Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the temperature control system including cooling circuit and heating circuit.

Figure 20 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the temperature control system being related to figure 14 illustrates.

Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the temperature control system in heating mode.

Figure 22 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the temperature control system in heating mode.

Figure 23 schematically shows the embodiment of the temperature control system in heating mode.

Figure 24 schematically shows the embodiment of the temperature control system in refrigerating mode.

Figure 25 is shown in the embodiment substituting the temperature control system in refrigerating mode.

Figure 26 A is another schematic diagram of the embodiment of the temperature control system in heating mode.

Figure 26 B is another schematic diagram of the embodiment of the temperature control system in heating mode.

Figure 27 schematically shows another embodiment of the temperature control system in refrigerating mode.

Figure 28 A illustrates the example embodiment of the HVAC system in vehicle.

Figure 28 B illustrates liquid to the example embodiment of air thermoelectric device.

Figure 29 illustrates the carriage heating unit output temperature possible within a period of time for some HVAC system embodiments Curve map.

Figure 30 A-C is used for the schematic diagram of the example embodiment of running temperature control system during being shown in start-up mode.

Figure 31 A-C is used for the signal of the example embodiment of running temperature control system during being shown in beginning/stop mode Figure.

Specific embodiment

Although disclosed herein is some preferred embodiments and example, present subject matter extends beyond specifically disclosed embodiment Use and its change and equivalent to other alternate embodiments and/or the present invention.Therefore, the model of the present invention disclosed herein Enclose and be not limited to any specific embodiment described below.For example, any method disclosed herein or during, methods described Or the action of process or operation can be executed with any suitable order and may be not necessarily limited to any specifically disclosed order.

In order that the purpose that each embodiment is compared with the prior art, some aspects of these embodiments and advantage are retouched State.It is not necessarily all such aspect or advantage to realize by any specific embodiment.Thus, for example, each embodiment is permissible As taught herein to realize or to optimize an advantage or one group of advantage, and not necessarily as taught herein or suggestion realization The mode of other aspects or advantage is performed.Although some embodiments control in particular fluid loop and valve configuration, specified temp And/or discuss under the background of fluid circuit configuration but it is to be understood that the present invention can be used for other system configuration. Further, the present invention is limited in for vehicle, but can be favourable in other environment for wanting to control temperature.

As it is used herein, term " cooling agent " is used with its broad sense and its ordinary meaning, and include for example adding The fluid of transferring heat energy in heat or cooling system.As it is used herein, term " heat-transfer arrangement " contains with its broad sense and commonly Justice is used, and includes such as heat exchanger, heat transfer surface, heat transfer structure, is used for transferring heat energy between medium Other appropriate device or any combinations of this kind of device.As it is used herein, term " heat energy " and " thermal source " are with its broad sense Used with its ordinary meaning, and included such as vehicle motor, burner, electronic unit, heating element heater, battery or battery Group, exhaust system component, convert energy into the device of heat energy or any combinations of this kind of device.In some cases, term " heat energy " and " thermal source " also refers to negative heat energy, for example as condenser, evaporimeter, another cooling-part, part group Close etc..

As it is used herein, term " sufficient " and " fully " are used broadly according to its its ordinary meaning.For example, exist It is related under the abundant heating of comfort air or the background of abundant heat transfer, these term broad sense are including but not limited to passenger's air stream (or air-flow) is heated to the condition that passenger is comfortable temperature (for example, when air stream is via one or more air vent quilts When being forced into passenger accommodation) or passenger's air stream be heated to the condition of threshold temperature.

As it is used herein, term " preparation " is used broadly according to its its ordinary meaning.For example, it is ready for carrying in thermal source Under the background of heat supply, term broad sense comprises but does not limit for determining when thermal source can fully heat of passenger's air stream Or the condition that more standards are satisfied.For example, make when sky when heater core can transmit enough heat energy to air stream When air-flow is directed at passenger or is comfortable when neighbouring, thermal source can fully heat passenger's air stream.Work as air stream Be about room temperature, be equal to or to a certain degree be higher than room temperature, more than room temperature or more than or equal to suitable threshold temperature when be probably Comfortable.Suitable threshold temperature can be about 21.11 DEG C (70 °F), about 22.22 DEG C (72 °F), about 23.89 DEG C (75 °F), room temperature, the temperature depending on environment temperature or other temperature.Suitable threshold temperature (or the comfort temperature specified) can With more than or equal to about 15.56 DEG C (60 °F), about 18.33 DEG C (65 °F), about 21.11 DEG C (70 °F) or room temperature.Properly Threshold temperature (or the comfort temperature specified) can be above about -12.22 DEG C (10 °F) of environment temperature, about -6.67 DEG C (20 °F), about -1.11 DEG C (30 °F) or about 4.44 DEG C (40 °F).In certain embodiments, when thermal source can heat sky When air-flow makes passenger accommodation not receive strong cold air, thermal source prepares heating passenger accommodation.In certain embodiments, when thermal source is fully warm Warm (or heat) makes coolant temperature rise for air stream is heated to temperature comfortable as discussed herein and/or room temperature When, thermal source prepares heating passenger accommodation.

As discussed herein, term " passenger's air duct " is used broadly with its its ordinary meaning.For example, passenger's air Passage comprises the part that comfort air can flow, it include conduit, pipeline, air vent, port, connector, HVAC system, its His suitable structure or the combination of structure.

As it is used herein, term " thermoelectric device " is used broadly according to its its ordinary meaning.For example, this term broad sense Comprise any device, this device comprises thermoelectric material and is used for when applying electric energy with thermal gradient transferring heat energy or based on heat The temperature difference at electric material two ends produces electric power output.Thermoelectric device can integrated with other temperature control components or combine other temperature Control element uses, and other temperature control components described can be such as heater core, evaporimeter, electrical heating elements, heat storage Device, the combination of heat exchanger, another structure or structure.

As it is used herein, term " actuator " is used broadly according to its its ordinary meaning.For example, this term broad sense bag Containing fluid control device (such as valve, adjuster) with for controlling other suitable construction of flow of fluid or the combination of structure.

As it is used herein, term " control device " is used broadly according to its its ordinary meaning.For example, this term broad sense Comprise to be configured control fluid motion, electric energy transfer, heat energy transfer and/or data communication between one or more devices Device or system.Control device can include the Single Controller of one or more parts of control system, or it can wrap Include the more than one controller of all parts of control system.

The temperature of Vehicular occupant room is usually used heating, ventilation and air adjustment (HVAC) system and is controlled, this system Comfort air system or temperature control system can also be referred to as.When system is used for heating, vehicle motor or another suitable Device can be thermal source.Heat energy can be delivered to heat exchanger (example via coolant circuit or other fluid circuits from thermal source As heater core).Heat exchanger can pass it to cross over heat exchanger before heat energy enters the passenger accommodation of vehicle Air stream.In some configurations, the engine of vehicle or heater core certain time amount (such as a few minutes) can be spent to reach plus Hot device core can fully heat the temperature of the air being directed into Vehicular occupant room.For example, in (the such as plug-in of some type of vehicle Formula motor vehicle driven by mixed power) in, engine even can not be opened and travel certain distance 80.47 km (50 English until vehicle In)).Sufficient heat energy be delivered to passenger accommodation air stream can be made air stream to be comfortable temperature when heater core has reached When, this can be described as heater core and/or engine " preparation " heating air stream.

The refrigeration system based on compressor of the air stream that cooling can enter passenger accommodation by using cooling (includes various Part, such as evaporimeter) realizing.Vehicle motor can provide (for example, via mechanical or arrangements of electric connection) for cooling The energy of the part energy supply of system.Many parts of cooling system are often separated with the part of heating system.For example, cooling system Generally by using being connected to passenger accommodation air stream with the heat exchanger that heater core separates.

Some HVAC system provide defrosting function, and in defrosting function, during heating mode, the humidity of in the air is gone Divided by removing fog and/or prevent from being formed on the windshield condensate.In some systems, defrosting function is by forcing air First passing through evaporimeter makes air themperature drop below dew point, therefore condenses and removes moisture and be achieved.Evaporimeter can Cooled down with for example circulation being compressed by two-phase steam.After evaporimeter, air can be forced past heater with Realize the suitable temperature for passenger comfort.

Figure 1A illustrates the embodiment of micro-hybrid/mild hybrid power system, and it includes the beginning-stopping for vehicle System (or the system that loiters).Micro-hybrid system can increase the fuel efficiency of vehicle and reduce pollution.Unlike " pure " Hybrid moto vehicle, micro-hybrid motor vehicle has explosive motor, but not necessarily has for driving vehicle Electro-motor.Explosive motor can stop (temporarily ceasing) in the selected state of vehicle operating, such as being parked in friendship when vehicle When at logical lamp.In certain embodiments, vehicle can pass through AC/DC by using reversible electric machine or in " starter " pattern Converter, for being electrically coupled to the starter-alternating current generator of explosive motor, works in the pattern of loitering.

In some embodiments, can include working as vehicle using starter-alternating current generator in the pattern of loitering Itself leads to explosive motor to stop completely when stopping, and is then for example being interpreted the action of the driver restarting order Restart explosive motor afterwards.Situation about typically loitering is situation about stopping at red light.When vehicle is at red light During stopping, engine automatically stops, then when lamp turns green, detect the clutch pedal system depressed by driver or After being construed as to imply that any other action that driver intends to restart vehicle, using starter-alternating current generator again Start engine.Under some predetermined conditions, engine can be closed before vehicle stops.For example, work as predetermined condition Instruction vehicle will enter when stopping completely, sliding and/or slide under certain speed, and speed changer can be switched to sky Shelves and engine can be stopped vehicle simultaneously and continue its track.

Motor vehicles with explosive motor can have to the electric starter for explosive motor and motor vehicles The vehicle-mounted electrical system powered of other electric devices.During explosive motor starts, starting machine battery 10a can be to starting Machine 11a powers, and so starts explosive motor (for example, when switch 12b is by the corresponding starter signal closure from controller When).Start conventional 12V (or 14V) Vehicular battery that machine battery 10a can be attached to 12V (or 14V) electrical system.One In a little embodiments, cell voltage and respective electric system can be higher, and such as image height reaches 18V, up to 24V, up to 36V, is up to 48V and up to 50V.In certain embodiments, battery 10a can be high-capacity battery.When explosive motor starts, internal combustion is sent out Motivation can drive generator 13a (" alternating current generator "), and then generator 13a generates the voltage of about 14V, and by vehicle-mounted Electrical system makes voltage can be used for the various power consuming device 14a in motor vehicles.In this process, generator 13a also may be used To recharge to starting machine battery 10.

In certain embodiments, micro-hybrid vehicle can have multiple voltage electrical systems.For example, vehicle can have There is the low-voltage system for powering to the power consuming device 14a (for example, traditional electronic installation) of vehicle.Continue this to show Example, vehicle can also have the high-voltage system providing electric power to starter 11a.In certain embodiments, the low-voltage of vehicle System can also be powered to starter 11a.

In certain embodiments, starter 11a can have enough power, with first from stopping when starting explosive motor Beginning accelerating vehicle.For example, when after explosive motor stops, driver's pressure gas pedal is used for accelerating, starter can carry For from the enough torques stopping accelerating vehicle, until explosive motor starts and then accelerates and propulsion vehicle advance.

Figure 1B illustrates the embodiment of micro-hybrid/mild hybrid power system, and it is included for the car with capacitor Beginning-halt system (or the system that loiters).Micro-hybrid vehicle 2b can have via speed changer to microring array Power car 2b provides the explosive motor 5a of tractive force.Integrated starter-generator 6b can be driven by means of transmission belt 4b It is connected to one end of the bent axle of engine 5b dynamicly.It should be understood that integrated starter-generator 6b is connected drivably to The other modes of engine 5b can be used.In certain embodiments, starter motor and generator can be separate.

In an embodiment, integrated starter-generator 6b is polyphase alternating current device via multi-phase cable 7b quilt It is connected to inverter 10b.Lead 8b is controlled to be used in the two-way biography of integrated starter-between generator 6b and inverter 10b Send data, and in the case, provide the instruction integrated actuating machine-generator 6b that can be used for the rotating speed calculating engine 5b Rotating speed signal.Alternately, engine speed can directly be measured using crankshaft sensor or another sensing device further.

Capacitor bank 12b may be connected to the DC side of inverter 10b.In an embodiment, capacitor bank 12b comprises ten Individual 2.7 volts of capacitors (can be referred to as the double-layer capacitor of secondary battery unit), therefore have 27 volts of nominal terminal voltage.Should When understanding, more or fewer capacitor can be used in capacitor bank, and the voltage of shape each capacitor groups of 2.7 volts can be more or less than.In certain embodiments, high-capacity battery, high-voltage battery and/or conventional batteries can substitute Capacitor bank 12b or simultaneously work with capacitor bank 12b.

Capacitor bank 12b may be connected to DC/DC electric pressure converter 15b.DC/DC converter is via power supply lead wire 16 quilt It is connected to 12 volts of power supplys.12 volts of power supplys can include traditional electrochemical cell and for being arranged on micro-hybrid vehicle 2b On electric device power.Integrated starter-generator 6b can be typically electrically connected to recharge to capacitor.Regenerative braking System can be typically electrically connected to recharge to capacitor.In certain embodiments, vehicle can have to capacitor (and/or Battery) other kinetic energy of recharging or heat reclaiming system.If for example micro-hybrid vehicle 2 does not run several weeks and electricity Electric charge in container group 12b is not released to less than successfully starting up required predeterminated level, DC/DC converter can be used for from 12 volts of power supplys recharge to capacitor bank 12b.DC/DC converter provides voltage more than 12 volts to be used for executing and this recharge work( Energy.Alternately, the traditional startup machine being connected to 12V power supply can be used.

Capacitor controller 20 can be operably connected to inverter 10b by control line 21b, to control inverter The flowing of the electric power between 10b and capacitor bank 12b.Capacitor controller 20b continues through voltage sensor line 22b from electric capacity Device group 12b receives the signal of terminal voltage of instruction capacitor bank 12b and the letter receiving instruction engine speed via control line 21b Number.It should be understood that capacitor controller 20b can be formed as a part of inverter 10b or another kind of electric controller (example As powertrain controller).

In certain embodiments, similar stopping-starting pinciple can be applied to motor vehicle driven by mixed power and/or plug-in Motor vehicle driven by mixed power.In entire disclosure, unless otherwise stated, " hybrid power " is not only suitable for motor vehicle driven by mixed power and is applied to again Plug-in hybrid vehicle.Motor vehicle driven by mixed power can be driven by both explosive motor and electro-motor.This paper institute The temperature control system discussing can be special with conventional truck identical to provide using the thermoelectric device for motor vehicle driven by mixed power Seek peace comfortableness, realize longer engine stop number of times, to increase fuel efficiency simultaneously.In order to realize maximal efficiency, mixing Power car adopts starting/stopping strategy it is meant that during normal idling mode, the explosive motor of vehicle cuts out to preserve Energy.During this stage, the thermal comfort inside the passenger accommodation of vehicle is kept to remain important.In order in cold sky Keep compartment comfortable during gas weather, cooling agent can be circulated by heater core as discussed herein and/or thermoelectric device, To provide compartment heat.Under warm synoptic climate, some vehicles adopt electronic in the case of not running explosive motor Compressor keeps compartment cooling, the compressor driving with the conventional belt driving air handling system.However, in some situations Under, motor compressor is probably poorly efficient and undesirable.In some cases, temperature control system discussed in this article can be mended Fill or replace motor compressor, cooling is provided simultaneously.

Automotive hvac framework (conventional truck, micro-hybrid vehicle and/or motor vehicle driven by mixed power) can include supplement or Replace one or more thermoelectric devices (TED) of the one or more parts for the heating of passenger accommodation and cooling system. In certain embodiments, (for example, micro-hybrid and/or motor vehicle driven by mixed power can implement electrodynamic pump in tail-off Water pump) to provide working fluid to circulate, electrodynamic pump replaces the conventional belt pump driving or the pump replacing conventional belt driving.Pass through Thermoelectric device provides electric energy, and heat energy can be passed to passenger via one or more fluid circuits and/or heat exchanger Air stream or from passenger's air stream transmission.As independent heater, thermoelectric device can even reach in compartment and engine Still remain powered on to after preferred temperature.In the system using this kind of configuration, once vehicle motor reaches enough to heat passenger The temperature of room, the energy putting on thermoelectric device can be wasted, this is because the used heat from engine may be enough to heat Passenger accommodation.However, add thermoelectric device in heating and cooling system generally having a significant impact to HVAC system design tool, and Design can include two or more heat exchangers.Accordingly, there exist the needs improving temperature control system so as to can be quick And effectively heat and/or cooling passenger accommodation, without add heat exchanger or conventional HVAC systems design in do not use Substantial amounts of miscellaneous part.If TED can optionally provide power is heated or cooled by what other subsystems provided, and work as Wish during demisting, to allow HVAC system to rely on expansion core to air dewetting, then such system can be favourable.

Some embodiments include providing the one or more thermoelectric devices of allowance to provide dual-mode functions in single device Or the system architecture of the optimal subsystem arrangement of multi-mode function.The pattern implemented by some embodiments can include for example adding Heat pattern, refrigerating mode, defogging mode, start heating mode, stable state heating mode, start defogging mode, stable state defogging mode, Stop cold heating mode, stop the heating mode after cooling, stop warm heating mode, other useful patterns or described pattern Combination.Some embodiments have the system architecture providing optimal TE HVAC system, to overcome and evaporimeter and heater core string The TED of connection places related problem.In certain embodiments, the first and second fluid conduit systems are together with one or more combination gates Used, to optimize the position of the subsystem in comfort air stream.

In certain embodiments, TED can be configured heating and the cooling of supplementary passenger accommodation.In example arrangement, start Machine and thermoelectric device can transfer heat to the one or more heat exchangers being connected to passenger's air stream.However, in heating With in cooling system add thermoelectric device generally to HVAC system design tool have a significant impact, and design can include two or More heat exchangers.Accordingly, there exist the needs improving temperature control system so as to can quickly and efficiently heat and/or Cooling passenger accommodation, does not use substantial amounts of miscellaneous part without interpolation heat exchanger or in conventional HVAC systems design.As Fruit system can optionally provide the heating of engine and/or thermoelectric device, simultaneously also can be by being connected to passenger's air The public heat exchanger of stream provides the cooling of thermoelectric device, and such system can be favourable.

HVAC system with TED can provide defrosting function, in defrosting function, during heating mode, in the air Humidity be removed to remove fog and/or to prevent from being formed on the windshield condensate.In some systems, defrosting function leads to Cross and force air to first pass through evaporimeter to make air themperature drop below dew point, therefore condense and go moisture removal to be able to reality Existing.Evaporimeter for example can compress circulation by two-phase steam and be cooled down.After evaporimeter, air can be forced through Heater (that is, TED), to realize the suitable temperature for passenger comfort.

Referring now to Fig. 2, it illustrates the HVAC system including heater core 130, expansion core 120 and thermoelectric device (TED) 140 The example embodiment of system 100.At least some part of HVAC system 100 can be for example via heat energy conveying device (as fluid draws Conduit) it is in fluid communication.The control device of such as valve 150,160 and 170 can be used for controlling the heat energy transmission by pipeline. Controller can be configured all parts of control system 100 and its fluid communication of correlation.In the illustrated embodiment, work as valve 160 when opening, and there is the hot loop connecting heater core 130 and TED140.Air conditioner unit (for example, fan) is configured defeated Send air stream 110；Air stream and evaporimeter 120, heater core 130 and TED 140 thermal communication.TED 140 can be included when electricity When can put on one or more TE element, one or more thermoelectric elements of transferring heat energy in particular directions.When making When applying electric energy with the first polarity, TED 140 is with first direction transferring heat energy.Alternately, when applying and the first opposite polarity The electric energy of the second polarity when, TED 140 is with the second direction transferring heat energy contrary with first direction.

In certain embodiments, thermal storage 123 is coupled to HVAC system 100.As shown in Figure 2, heat storage dress Put 123 parts that can be coupled to evaporimeter 120 or evaporimeter 120.Evaporimeter 120 with thermal storage 123 " heavyweight " evaporimeter can be referred to as." lightweight " evaporation can be referred to as without the evaporimeter 120 of thermal storage 123 Device.In the case of there is the evaporimeter of lightweight, thermal storage 123 can along HVAC system 100 Anywhere, for example As the upstream of evaporimeter 120, heater core 130 and/or TED 140 or downstream are placed.HVAC system 100 can will be directed into The electric energy of HVAC system 100 is converted to heat energy and by this thermal energy storage in thermal storage 123.One or more thermoelectric devices Can be used for converting electrical energy into heat energy, but can be using any device suitably converting electrical energy into heat energy.In order to Storage heat energy, thermal storage 123 can comprise both high temperature phase change material (pcm) and low-temperature phase-change material, such as wax (high-temperature phase-change Material) and water (low-temperature phase-change material).HVAC system 101 (for example can be handed over from system with using using thermal storage 123 Stream generator, regeneration brake system generator and/or WHRS) available electrical energy, such as submit on July 19th, 2005 U.S. Patent application No.11/184742 in discussed further, the full content of this patent application is incorporated in this for ginseng Examine, and should be considered as the part of this specification.In certain embodiments, just running and to based on compression in engine 13 When the refrigeration system of machine provides energy, the refrigeration system based on compressor can be used for thermal energy storage in thermal storage 123.When engine 13 as discussed herein stops, the heat energy in thermal energy storage device 123 can be used to provide for more The cooling of long period, and run without engine start and/or TED 112.As discussed herein, thermal storage 123 Can be used to provide together with TED 112 even longer time section and provide cooling without engine start simultaneously.For example, When an engine is stopped, thermal storage 123 can initial cooling air stream.When the heat energy being stored in thermal storage 123 When by absorbed, TED 112 can be engaged to continue cooling air stream.In certain embodiments, same principle can To be applied to during heating mode utilize thermal storage 123, to provide longer engine stop time.For example, when send out When motivation stops, thermal storage 123 can be with initial heating air stream.When the heat energy being stored in thermal storage 123 by When being delivered to air stream, TED112 can be engaged to continue heating air stream.

In the first mode that can be referred to as heating mode, valve 150 is opened, to allow heater core 130 and heat Energy (not shown) (such as vehicle motor, single burning fuel engine, electrothermal power generator or any other thermal source) heat Connection.Evaporimeter 120 is not in fluid communication with heat energy fin, so that the heat energy by transmission between air stream and evaporimeter 120 Minimize.It is delivered to air stream 110 from the heat energy of heater core 130.In order to provide supplementary heating, valve 160 to air stream Can be opened, so open the hot loop between TED 140 and heater core 130, in the case, TED 140 and heat energy Source thermal communication.Electric energy is applied to TED 140 with the polarity transferring thermal energy to air stream 110.

In the second mode that can be referred to as refrigerating mode, valve 150 and 160 is closed, and valve 170 is opened. Therefore, the flow of fluid between heater core 130 and heat energy stops, air stream 110 will to be passed to from heater core 130 Heat energy minimize.Evaporimeter 120 is in fluid communication with heat energy fin (not shown) (refrigeration system for example based on compressor), Fluid (such as cooling agent) is led to flow through evaporimeter 120.Heat energy transfer from air stream 110 is walked by evaporimeter 120.Now TED 140 is in fluid communication with heat energy fin (such as additional cooler or cooling system) via valve 170, and can be used for Additional heat energy is moved away from air stream 110.The polarity of TED can be with the opposite polarity using in the first mode.

In the 3rd pattern that can be referred to as defogging mode, valve 150 be open and valve 170 is closed.Heater core 130 with heat energy thermal communication.Evaporimeter 120 and heat energy fin thermal communication.In order to provide supplementary heating, valve to air stream 110 160 can be opened, so that TED140 and heat energy thermal communication, in the case, the heat energy from heat energy is passed by TED 140 Pass air stream 110.3rd pattern plays the effect of demister, and in this mode, first, air stream 110 is cooled and is less than dew point, So that air is condensed by evaporimeter 120 and remove moisture.Secondly, air stream 110 is heated by heater core 130, and if If necessary, TED 140 realizes the suitable temperature of passenger comfort.

Fig. 3 illustrates the example embodiment of HVAC system 2, and air stream 18 passed through HVAC before entering passenger accommodation (not shown) System 2.HVAC system 2 includes cooling device 12, heater core 14 and thermoelectric device (TED) 16.For example, HVAC system 2 is extremely Some parts few can be via the heat energy conveying device fluid communication with each other of such as fluid guiding tube.Controller can be configured control The all parts of HVAC system 2 processed and its fluid communication of correlation.Heater core 14 is generally configured and heat energy (such as vehicle Engine, single burning fuel engine, electrothermal power generator or any other thermal source) thermal communication.Heat energy can be from thermal source warp Heater core 14 is passed to by pipeline by cooling agent.

Cooling device 12 (for example, evaporimeter or thermoelectric device) and heat energy fin (for example, the refrigeration system based on compressor System, condenser or any other cooling system) thermal communication.TED 16 can include when power is applied, passing in particular directions Pass one or more thermoelectric elements of heat energy.When applying electric energy using the first polarity, TED 16 transmits heat with first direction Energy.Alternately, when applying with the electric energy of the first opposite polarity second polarity, TED 16 is with contrary with first direction the Two direction transferring heat energy.TED 16 is arranged such that (for example, vehicle motor, single burning fuel are started with heat energy for it Mechanical, electrical thermal electric generator or any other thermal source) thermal communication and fluid communication.TED 16 is also configured to so that it is with heat energy fin (for example, low temperature core or radiator, the refrigeration system based on compressor or any other cooling system) thermal communication and fluid communication. TED 16 is configured pattern (for example, heating, cooling or demisting) heating or cooling air stream 18 according to HVAC system 2.

Air stream 18 in HVAC system 2 can flow through one or more passages or conduit.In certain embodiments, First passage 4 and second channel 6 pass through dividing plate 20 separately.In certain embodiments, the first and second passages 4,6 have identical Approx. dimension (for example, identical approximate altitude, length, width and/or cross-sectional area), as shown in Figure 2.However, it is real at other Apply in example, the first and second passages 4,6 are of different sizes.For example, the width of the first and second passages 4,6, height and/or Cross-sectional area can be different.In certain embodiments, first passage 4 is bigger than second channel 6.In other embodiments, First passage 4 is less than second channel 6.In a further embodiment, additional dividing plate can be used to form any amount of Passage or conduit.Described dividing plate can be any suitable material, shape or construction.Described dividing plate can be used for partially or completely Separate conduit or passage, and can have hole, gap, valve, the combination of combination gates, other suitable structures or structure, so Allow to be in fluid communication between channels.At least a portion of described dividing plate can make first passage 4 be thermally isolated with second channel 6.

In certain embodiments, HVAC system 2 includes the first displaceable element, and it is configured operable control and flows through first Air stream with second channel 4,6.For example, it is also possible to the first combination gates 8 being referred to as entrance combination gates may be located at the first He The upstream (for example, close to the entrance of the first and second passages 4,6) of second channel 4,6 and operable control flows through first and The air stream of two passages 4,6.First combination gates 8 can optionally be changed, allow, hinder or stop logical by first and second One of road 4,6 or the air stream of the two.In some configurations, all air streams are guided to pass through other in the first combination gates 8 During passage, it can stop air stream from passing through one of described passage passage.First combination gates 8 can also allow for air stream with Different amounts and speed pass through two passages.In certain embodiments, the first combination gates 8 be coupled to dividing plate 20 and with respect to every Plate 20 rotates.Other first displaceable elements also can be compatible with some embodiments disclosed herein.

Second displaceable element (for example, the second combination gates 10) can be placed on downstream and the heater of cooling device 12 Core 14 and the upstream of TED 16.It redirect to second channel 6, the second removable unit by optionally making air from first passage 4 The air stream of the first and second passages 4,6 is flow through in the operable control of part.In certain embodiments, the second combination gates 10 join partition 20 and rotate with respect to dividing plate 20 between an open position and a closed, when described open position, permit fluid is (for example, Air) flow between first and second passage 4,6, the stream when described closed position, between first and second passage 4,6 Move and be substantially obstructed or stop.First and second combination gates 8,10 are controlled by controller or independent control system.One In a little embodiments, the first and second combination gates 8,10 can run independent of one another.Other second displaceable elements also can be with herein Disclosed some embodiments are compatible.

In the illustrated embodiment, cooling device 12 is located at the conduit separating with heater core 14 and thermoelectric device 16 or logical The upstream in road.First and second passages 4,6 are arranged such that and are used for selective heating, cooling and/or demisting when HVAC system 2 When, the first and second combination gates 8,10 can optionally guide the air stream between first and second passage 4,6.

In certain embodiments, one or more of cooling device 12, heater core 14 and thermoelectric device 16 are permissible With the heat exchanger thermal communication being configured with air stream thermal communication.

Fig. 4 illustrates the example embodiment of HVAC system 2 being configured in being referred to as in the first mode of heating mode. In this mode, the first combination gates 8 are configured in primary importance so that it is essentially prevented from or blocks air stream 18 entering the One passage 4, thus force essentially all of air stream 18 to enter second channel 6.In certain embodiments, of air stream 18 Divide and can pass through first passage 4.Second combination gates 10 be configured so as to its do not allow air stream 18 quite a few first Pass through and second channel 4,6 between.Preferably, in this mode, quite a few obstructed apparatus for supercooling of air stream 18 12.In this mode, cooling device 12 can be configured so as to it not with heat energy fin (for example, coolant system) heat even Logical, other places can be more efficiently used for by this source (such as cooling agent).Additionally, guiding air stream is passed through second channel 6 and is bypassed Cooling device 12, reduces from air stream 18 and enters the undesired heat energy transmission of cooling device 12.Even work as cooling device 12 When not on one's own initiative with heat energy fin thermal communication, cooling device 12 would generally have ratio air stream 18 lower temperature, therefore, such as Quite a few of fruit air stream 18 will be with cooling device 12 thermal communication, and cooling device 12 will poorly reduce in air stream 18 quilt Temperature before heating.

In the first mode, heater core 14 and second channel 6 are in fluid communication, second channel 6 and heat energy (such as vehicle Engine) thermal communication.The heat energy being delivered to heater core 14 from thermal source is delivered to air stream 18.Although warm heater core 14 has When can supply enough heat energy to the air stream 18 for heating passenger accommodation, but thermoelectric device (TED) 16 can by with Make to supplement or substitute heat energy.Therefore, TED 16 can add supplemental heat when heater core 14 is to air stream 18 transferring heat energy Energy.TED 16 can be configured so as to itself and and heater core 14 identical heat energy or another heat energy thermal communication.Electric energy with The polarity transferring thermal energy to air stream 18 is supplied to TED 16.In order to optimize supplementary heating, TED 16 is located at heater core 14 downstream is preferred, and this can reduce first heat transfer surface (or first type surface, not shown) of TED 16 with TED's 16 The temperature difference between second heat transfer surface (or useless surface, not shown), thus improve the coefficient of performance.When starting in the first mode When machine and coolant circuit are relatively cool, the downstream that TED 16 is placed on heater core 14 can also stop or suppress from TED 16 are delivered to air stream 18, the heat energy being absorbed by relatively cool heater core 14；Therefore, in first mode (or other heated moulds Formula) in, suppression heat energy is delivered to coolant circuit from air stream 18.TED 16 is generally used for supplementary heating；However, working as thermal source Fail to heater core 14 supply hot enough when, such as when engine is in preheating, TED 16 is used as main heat source.When plus Hot device core 14 to air stream 18 supply enough heat energy when, TED 16 can also be departed from.The air stream 18 of therefore gained is added Heat to preferred temperature and is directed into passenger accommodation.

In some embodiments, it is also possible to the first combination gates 8 being referred to as entrance combination gates can be configured so as to it can Second channel 6 is passed through with least a portion guiding air stream 18, so that air stream 18 before air stream 18 enters passenger accommodation A part of heated.In order to heat passenger accommodation with slow rate, entrance combination gates 8 can be selectively adjusted to allow more Few air stream is passed through second channel 6 and/or allows more air streams to pass through first passage 4, the air in first passage 4 Stream is not heated.In order to increase the rate of heat addition, combination gates can be selectively adjusted, so as more air stream be directed logical Cross second channel 6 and less air stream is allowed to enter first passage 4.

Fig. 5 illustrates the example embodiment of HVAC system 2 being configured in being referred to as in the second mode of refrigerating mode. In this mode, the first combination gates 8 are configured so as to it and can guide at least a portion of air stream 18 (for example, air stream 18 whole, almost all or quite a few) pass through first passage 4, cooling device 12 is operable to be connected to first passage 4, so that air stream 18 is a part of cooled before air stream 18 enters passenger accommodation.Second combination gates 10 are configured so as to it Quite a few not allowing air stream 18 is passed through between first and second passage 4,6.By selecting to sexually revise the first mixing The position of door 8, can be conditioned by the amount of the air stream 18 of the first and second passages 4,6.

In a second mode, for example, cooling device 12 (such as evaporimeter) is thermally connected to the heat of such as additional cooler Can fin (not shown).In this mode, by by the heat transfer of air stream 18, to cooling device 12, HVAC system 2 is cold But air stream 18.In certain embodiments, thermoelectric device (TED) 16 can be used for the air stream 18 in second channel 6 There is provided and supplement cooling.TED 16 can be configured so as to itself and heat energy fin (not shown) (for example, low temperature core or auxiliary heat dissipation Device) thermal communication.Electric energy is supplied to TED 16 with the polarity of heat energy leading to TED 16 to absorb from air stream, and and then by heat energy Pass to heat energy fin.Therefore, in cooling device 12 cooling air stream 18, TED 16 can be provided from air stream 18 to heat The supplementary heat energy transmission of energy fin.In a second mode, heater core 14 is invalid；For example, heater core 14 can not be led The basic thermal communication dynamicly with heat energy (for example, power drive system cooling agent).In certain embodiments, heater core 14 is sharp Work can control by using valve or other control system (not shown), and heater core 14 can be operationally from heat energy Decoupling (deeouple).

In order to cool down passenger accommodation with slow rate, the first combination gates 8 can be selectively adjusted, to allow less sky Air-flow passes through first passage 4 and/or allows more air streams 18 to pass through second channel 6.In order to increase cooldown rate, first mixes Close door 8 can be selectively adjusted, so that more air stream 18 is conducted through first passage 4 and less air stream quilt Allow access into second channel 6.In certain embodiments, the first combination gates 8 may be oriented such that it is essentially prevented from or blocks Air stream 18 enters second channel 6, thus forcing the significant fraction of air stream 18 or nearly all entrance first passage 4.? In this kind of specific embodiment, TED 16 is operable to be decoupled from air stream 18, and TED 16 is by the electric energy otherwise using May be directed to other places.

Fig. 6 illustrates to be configured in the example embodiment of the HVAC system 2 in the 3rd pattern can be referred to as defogging mode. In this mode, in order to remove the moisture of air stream 18, the first combination gates 8 are configured so as to it and can guide air stream 18 (for example, whole, almost all or quite a few) passes through first passage 4 at least partially, and first passage 4 carries to cool down The cooling device 12 of air stream 18.In this mode, the second combination gates 10 are configured in so that it is essentially prevented from or blocks sky Air-flow 18 continues through in the position of first passage 4, and thus after air stream 18 passes through cooling device 12, air stream 18 is extremely A few part redirect to second channel 6 from first passage 4.

In the 3rd pattern, cooling device 12 (for example, evaporimeter) can be in fluid communication with first passage 4 and for example with Heat energy fin (for example, additional cooler) thermal communication.In this mode, cold by giving the heat transfer from air stream 18 But device 12, HVAC system 2 cooling air stream 18.In certain embodiments, cooling device 12 can be thermoelectric device.Work as cooling When device 12 is thermoelectric device, electric energy is supplied to thermoelectric device with the polarity selected so that TED absorbs heat energy from air stream 18 And add heat energy to fin.In certain embodiments, multiple thermoelectric devices are operably connected to HVAC system 2.Extremely In few some of such embodiment, the polarity being directed into the electric energy of each hot-zone of each TED and each TED can individually be controlled System.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, cooling device 12 and TED 16 can be and be disposed in first passage 4 The unit that TED 16 separates.Still, in the 3rd pattern or defogging mode, cooling device 12 and TED 16 can be with first passages 4 It is in fluid communication.Electric energy can with select polarity be supplied to TED 16 so that TED 16 from air stream 18 absorb heat energy and to Fin adds heat energy.In defogging mode, in order to remove the moisture of air stream 18, the first combination gates 8 can be configured so as to It can guide at least a portion of air stream 18 (for example, whole, almost all or quite a few) to pass through first passage 4, First passage 4 carries cooling device 12 and TED 16 so that cooling air stream 18.In this mode, the second combination gates 10 are permissible It is configured in so that it is essentially prevented from or blocks in the position that air stream 18 continues through first passage 4, thus in air stream 18 After passing through cooling device 12, at least a portion of air stream 18 redirect to second channel 6 from first passage 4.As described herein For other embodiment, by invert absorption air stream 18 heat energy or to air stream 18 transferring heat energy needed for TED polarity, First, second and/or the 3rd operational mode can be implemented to the embodiment of Fig. 7.Further, TED can be added to The downstream of heater core 14, also enables first, second and/or the 3rd pattern for other embodiment as described herein.

Referring back to Fig. 6, in the 3rd pattern, heater core 14 and heat energy (for example, vehicle motor (not shown)) Thermal communication.The heat energy being delivered to heater core from thermal source is delivered to air stream 18.Although heater core 14 generally can be supplied For heating the enough heat energy of passenger accommodation, but thermoelectric device (TED) 16 is used as supplemental heat source.Therefore, TED 16 can Supplement heat energy to add when heater core 14 is to air stream 18 transferring heat energy.TED 16 can be configured so as to itself and heat energy (for example, engine (not shown)) thermal communication.Electric energy is supplied to TED with the polarity leading to TED to transfer thermal energy to air stream 18 16.In certain embodiments, when TED 16 is placed on the downstream of heater core, increase the efficiency of supplementary heating.This is permissible Reduce the temperature difference between the first type surface of TED 16 and useless surface, thus improving the coefficient of performance.When in the 3rd pattern engine and When coolant circuit is relatively cool, the downstream that TED 16 is placed on heater core 14 can also stop or suppress to pass from TED 16 It is delivered to air stream 18, the heat energy being absorbed by relatively cool heater core 14；Therefore, in the 3rd pattern (or other heating modes), Suppression heat energy is delivered to coolant circuit from air stream 18.When air stream 18 reach TED 16 before already at passenger accommodation Preferred temperature when, TED 16 can be disconnected and its resource is diverted other places.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, HVAC system 2 can also be configured and have across first passage 4 and second channel 6 The cooling device 12 of the height of the two.In this embodiment, the first combination gates are removed, and only have the combination gates 10 can be by Air stream 18 redirect to first passage 4 and/or second channel 6, to realize operational mode as herein described.First mode or plus In heat pattern, combination gates 10 can be configured be in its be essentially prevented from or block air stream 18 enter first passage 4 position in (being swung up in fig. 8), thus force almost all of air stream 18 to enter second channel 6.In certain embodiments, air The a part of of stream 18 can pass through first passage 4.In the first mode, even if cooling device 12 can be connect with air stream 18 fluid Touch, cooling device 12 can be configured so as to its not with heat energy fin (for example, coolant system) thermal communication, thus such as cold But the source of agent can be more efficiently used for other places.Heater core 14 and TED 16 can as described herein run for passing heat energy Pass the heating mode of air stream 18.

In certain embodiments, combination gates 10 can be configured so as to its can guide at least a portion of air stream 18 lead to Cross second channel 6, so that air stream 18 is a part of heated before air stream 18 enters passenger accommodation.In order to slow rate Heating passenger accommodation, combination gates 10 can be selectively adjusted, to allow less air stream to pass through second channel 6 and/or to permit Permitted more air streams and passed through first passage 4, the wherein air stream in first passage 4 is not heated.In order to increase heating speed Rate, described combination gates can be selectively adjusted, so that more air stream is conducted through second channel 6 and less sky Air-flow is conducted through first passage 4.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, HVAC system 2 can also be configured and operate in second mode or refrigerating mode. In this mode, combination gates 10 can be configured so that it can guide air after air stream 18 is cooled device 12 cooling Stream 18 at least a portion (for example, by swung downward shown in fig. 8, the whole, almost all of air stream 18 or quite Most of) pass through first passage 4.Can be sexually revised mixed by selection by the amount of the air stream 18 of the first and second passages 4,6 The position closing door 10 is adjusted, will pass through the part steering making the air stream 18 by second channel 6 and to lead to TED 16 from absorbed heat energy and and then transfer thermal energy to the polarity of heat energy fin to add benefit to TED 16 supply electric energy Fill cooling.Therefore, in cooling device 12 cooling air stream 18, the heat energy from air stream 18 can be supplemented transmission by TED 16 To heat energy fin.In a second mode, heater core 14 is invalid.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, HVAC system 2 can also be configured and operate in the 3rd pattern or defogging mode. In this mode, combination gates 10 be configured be in its be essentially prevented from or block air stream 18 enter first passage 4 position in (being swung up in fig. 8), thus force almost all of air stream 18 to enter second channel 6.In certain embodiments, air The a part of of stream 18 can pass through first passage 4.Cooling device 12 is activation, so that air stream 18 is cooled to remove air The moisture of stream 18.In the 3rd pattern, cooling device 12 (for example, evaporimeter) can be in fluid communication with HVAC system 2 and with example As the heat energy fin thermal communication of additional cooler (not shown).In this mode, by by the heat from air stream 18 Pass to cooling device 12, HVAC system 2 can be with cooling air stream 18.In certain embodiments, cooling device 12 can be heat Electric installation.When cooling device 12 is thermoelectric device, electric energy with select polarity can be supplied to thermoelectric device so that TED from Air stream 18 absorbs heat energy and adds heat energy to fin.In certain embodiments, multiple thermoelectric devices are operably connected To HVAC system 2.In at least some this kind of embodiment, it is directed into each TED and the electric energy of each hot-zone to each TED Polarity can be independently controlled.

In the 3rd pattern, heater core 14 and heat energy (for example, vehicle motor (not shown)) thermal communication.From thermal source The heat energy being delivered to heater core can be delivered to air stream 18.Although heater core 14 generally can be taken advantage of for being applied to heating The enough heat energy of guest room, but TED16 is used as supplemental heat source.TED 16 can be configured to so that itself and heat energy (for example, engine (not shown)) thermal communication.Electric energy can be to lead to TED16 to transfer thermal energy to the polarity supply of air stream 18 To TED 16.In certain embodiments, when TED 16 is placed on the downstream of heater core, the effect of supplementary heating can be increased Rate.This can reduce the temperature difference between the first type surface of TED16 and useless surface, thus improving the coefficient of performance.When in the 3rd pattern When engine and coolant circuit are relatively cool, the downstream that TED 16 is placed on heater core 14 can also stop or suppress from TED 16 is delivered to air stream 18, the heat energy being absorbed by relatively cool heater core 14；Therefore, the 3rd pattern (or other heating Pattern) in, suppression heat energy is delivered to coolant circuit from air stream 18.When air stream 18 had been located before reaching TED 16 In the preferred temperature of passenger accommodation, TED 16 can be disconnected and its resource is diverted other places.

Fig. 9-11 illustrates to be configured and air stream 18 is turned to (as described by the embodiment of Fig. 8), so that first, second And/or the 3rd other example embodiment run in pattern.In the embodiment in fig. 9, combination gates 11 are disposed in cooling device 12nd, the downstream of heater core 14 and TED 16.In first mode and the 3rd pattern, it is basic that combination gates 11 can be configured in it (it is swung up in fig .9), thus forcing almost all of sky in the position stoping or blocking air stream 18 entrance first passage 4 Air-flow 18 enters second channel 6.In a second mode, combination gates 11 can be configured to allow it cold in air stream 18 But device 12 cooling after guide air stream 18 at least a portion (for example, by swung downward in fig .9, air stream 18 complete Portion, almost all or significant fraction) pass through first passage 4.In certain embodiments, combination gates 11 can be configured to so that It can guide at least a portion of air stream 18 to pass through first passage 4, and the other parts of guiding air stream 18 pass through the simultaneously Two passages 6.Cooling device 12, heater core 14 and TED 16 can be configured operation (as described by herein in regard to Fig. 3-6), To realize first, second and/or the 3rd operational mode.

In the embodiment in figure 10, stream steering component 22 be configured to basic with the combination gates 11 of Fig. 9 described herein Identical mode is run, with realize first, second and/or the 3rd pattern the method for operation.Stream steering component 22 can be configured All or almost all air stream 18 passes through first passage 4 or the second for (swinging up or down in the embodiment in figure 10) blocking Passage 6, or guide at least a portion of air stream 18 to pass through first passage 4, the other parts of guiding air stream 18 are passed through simultaneously Second channel 6.As shown in Figure 10, stream steering component 22 can be in the downstream of heater core 14 and TED 16.In some embodiments In, stream steering component 22 can be in the upstream of heater core 14 and TED 16.Cooling device 12, heater core 14 and TED16 can To be configured operation (as described by herein in regard to Fig. 3-6), to realize first, second and/or the 3rd operational mode.

In the embodiment in figure 11, it is arranged in first in the second channel and second channel in cooling device 12 downstream Valve 23 and the second valve 24 are configured to run with combination gates 11 substantially similar way of Fig. 9 described herein, to realize the First, second and/or the 3rd pattern the method for operation.As shown in figure 11, the first valve 23 and the second valve 24 can be in heater cores 14 Downstream with TED 16.In certain embodiments, the first valve 23 and/or the second valve 24 can be in heater core 14 and TED 16 Upstream.In order to block all or almost all air stream 18 pass through first passage 4, the first valve 23 can be configured (being closed) with Limit air stream 18 and pass through first passage 4, the second valve 24 can be configured (being opened) to guide air stream 18 to pass through the simultaneously Two passages 6.Pass through second channel 6 in order to block all or almost all air stream 18, the first valve 23 can be configured (to be beaten Open) to guide air stream 18 to pass through first passage 4, the second valve 24 can be configured (being closed) and be led to limiting air stream 18 simultaneously Cross second channel 6.At least a portion in order to guide air stream 18 passes through first passage 4, and the other parts of air stream 18 By second channel 6, the first valve 23 and the second valve 24 can be configured the two and be all opened or be configured as one of valve to be beaten Open and another valve only partially opens.Cooling device 12, heater core 14 and TED 16 can be configured operation (as herein in regard to Described by Fig. 3-6), to realize first, second and/or the 3rd operational mode.

In some embodiments as herein described, the heating function of HVAC system and refrigerating function pass through to be positioned in Two or more different sub-systems at substantially different position in HVAC system are implemented.In some alternative embodiments, single One TED heats simultaneously and cools down, to realize increased thermal conditioning, the comfortableness of people and system effectiveness.This can for example pass through structure Build the single TED with independent electrical area to realize, cool down while described independent electrical area can be selected using user and heating is relaxed The polarity of voltage of suitable air enters row energization.As it is used herein, term " dual temperature thermoelectric device " and " dual temperature TED " broad sense refer to It is the thermoelectric device with two or more electric areas, wherein said electricity area can have any suitably electric, geometry Or space configuration, to realize desired air adjustment.

Either air can be designed and build to make to air, liquid to air or liquid to dual temperature TED of liquid Obtain electrothermal circuit and be subdivided into multiple hot-zones.Described thermoelectric device can use the high density advantage structure instructed by Bell et al. Build, or can be built using conventional art (referring to such as US patent number 6959555 and 7231772).Can using or The advantage not adopting the new thermoelectric cycle instructed such as Bell et al. (see, e.g.：L.E.Bell, " Alternate Thermoelectric Thermodynamic Cycles with Improved Power Generation Efficiencies ", the 22nd thermoelectric device international conference, angstrom Luo Sheng, French (2003)；US patent number 6812395 He U.S. Patent Application Publication numbering 2004/0261829, the full content of each in these is by reference to being incorporated in this).

In certain embodiments, controller or EMS run dual temperature TED, with according to the environment bar in target chamber The expectation ambient condition of part, weather conditions and target chamber optimizes the use of the energy.For example, in demisting application, to dual temperature TED The energy can be managed according to the data that the sensor of report temperature and humidity level obtains, so that TED is suitably using electric energy Adjust and dehumidifying comfort air.

For example, some embodiments are passed through to be combined in two or more functions (for example, cooling, dehumidifying and/or heating) group In single device, reduce the quantity of the device being used for demisting comfort air during cold weather condition.Some embodiments pass through root There is provided according to weather conditions and system effectiveness is improved with demisting comfort air based on the cooling capacity of order.In certain embodiments, Cooling system provides and orders proportional cooling capacity.

Some embodiments provide the ability of fine setting comfort air by way of with energy-conservation, enabling realize wider range Heat management and control.Some embodiments are passed through to be returned using separating heat exchanger working fluid further according to fin and source Road, provides the ability being advantageously employed fin and source in single device.

In example HVAC system 300 shown in Figure 12-13, heating and refrigerating function have the first hot-zone 308 He Implement in the single or generally adjacent heater-cooler subsystem 306 of the second hot-zone 310.In certain embodiments, heat Device-cooler subsystem 306 is dual temperature thermoelectric device (or dual temperature TED).Each in first hot-zone 308 and the second hot-zone 310 Individual comfort current F5 is heated or cooled with being configured to being selected independently property.Further, each in hot-zone 308,310 Individual can be by the electrical network being independently configured and working fluid network support.Controller (not shown) can be configured control electricity Gas network and working fluid network, to run heater-cooler subsystem 306 with one of multiple enabled modes.Example As controller the configuration according to the form of Figure 12 can adjust HVAC in demisting, the pattern that is heated or cooled when chosen The electric and working fluid network of system 300.

Any suitable technology can be used for selecting the operational mode of HVAC system 300.For example, operational mode can be down to Small part is used for selecting one or more settings (such as temperature, rotation speed of the fan, vent locations etc. via presenting to operator Deng) user interface selected.In certain embodiments, operational mode is used for measuring passenger's room temperature at least partially by monitoring The controller of one or more sensors of degree and humidity is selected.Controller can also monitor detection ambient environmental conditions Sensor.Controller can use from sensor, user control, other sources or source combination receive information with demisting, Select among heating and refrigerating mode.Based on selected operational mode, controller can run one or more pumps, fan, Power supply, valve, the combination of compressor, other HVAC system parts or HVAC system part have desired properties to provide to passenger accommodation Comfort air.

In example embodiment shown in Figure 13, HVAC system 300 includes：Air duct 302；It is configured guiding air stream F5 passes through the fan 304 of air duct 302；It is configured air stream F5 that heating, cooling and/or demisting flow through air duct 302 Dual temperature TED 306；It is configured the optional cooling device 312 of cooling air stream F5；It is configured the optional of heating air stream F5 to add Thermal 314；Power supply (not shown)；It is connected to the electrical connection E1-E4 between power supply and dual temperature TED 306；Thermal source (does not show Go out)；Fin (not shown)；It is configured between dual temperature TED 306 and one or more thermal source or fin transporting work The working fluid conduit F1-F4 of fluid；Other HVAC system parts or any suitable component combination.Thermal source can be included by machine One or more storage vaults of the used heat that motor-car generates are (for example as power drive system cooling agent, motor block, main radiating Device, exhaust system component, the combination of battery pack, another suitable material or material).Fin can include additional cooler (example As being not attached to the radiator of power drive system coolant circuit), the group of thermal storage, another suitable material or material Close.

In demisting operational mode, the first hot-zone 308 of dual temperature TED 306 cools down and dehumidifies comfort air F5.Controller Power supply is led to provide the electric power of the first polarity (or cooling polarity) via the first circuit E1-E2 being connected to the first hot-zone 308.Control Device processed leads to be connected to the first operating fluid loop F1-F2 of the high temperature side of the first hot-zone 308 of TED 306 and for example as auxiliary The fin thermal communication of radiator.The polarity being supplied to the electric power of the first hot-zone 308 of TED 306 leads to heat energy from comfort air F5 is directed into the first operating fluid loop F1-F2.

In defogging mode, in air behind the first hot-zone 308, the second hot-zone 310 heating of dual temperature TED 306 removes Comfort air F5 after wet.Controller leads to power supply to provide the second pole via the second circuit E3-E4 being connected to the second hot-zone 310 The electric power of property (or polar).Controller leads to be connected to the second workflow of the low temperature side of the second hot-zone 310 of TED 306 Body loop F3-F4 with for example as the thermal source thermal communication of power drive system cooling agent.It is supplied to second hot-zone 310 of TED306 The polarity of electric power leads to heat energy to be directed into comfort air F5 from the second operating fluid loop F3-F4.Controller can be adjusted often Transmit from comfort air F5 in individual hot-zone or be delivered to the heat energy of comfort air F5, to lead to comfort air F5 to reach expectation temperature Degree and/or humidity.Then, comfort air F5 may be directed to passenger accommodation.

When heating operational mode and being chosen, comfortable sky is all heated in the first and second hot-zones 308,310 of dual temperature TED 306 Gas F5.Controller leads to power supply to provide the electricity of polar via the first and second circuit E1-E4 being connected to hot-zone 308,310 Power.Controller leads to be connected to the operating fluid loop F1-F4 of the low temperature side of TED 306 and for example as power drive system cools down The thermal source thermal communication of agent.The polarity being supplied to the electric power of two hot-zones 308,310 of dual temperature TED 306 leads to heat energy from workflow Body loop F1-F4 is directed into comfort air F5.

When cooling mode of operation is selected, the first and second hot-zones 308,310 of dual temperature TED 306 all cool down comfortable sky Gas F5.Controller leads to power supply to provide the electricity of cooling polarity via the first and second circuit E1-E4 being connected to hot-zone 308,310 Power.Controller leads to be connected to the operating fluid loop F1-F4 of the high temperature side of TED 306 and for example as the radiating of additional cooler Piece thermal communication.The polarity being supplied to the electric power of two hot-zones 308,310 of dual temperature TED 306 leads to heat energy from comfort air F5 quilt It is directed to operating fluid loop F1-F4.

HVAC system 300 shown in Figure 12-13 can optionally be included for example as cooling device 312 He of evaporimeter For example as the heater 314 of heater core.Cooling device 312 and heater 314 can be configured and supplement or replace dual temperature One or more of the cooling of TED 306, demisting and heating function, HVAC system 300 is with AD HOC operation simultaneously.Example As reached the phase when power drive system cooling agent has reached when sufficiently high temperature makes comfort air F5 through heater core 314 When hoping temperature, heater core 314 can substitute dual temperature TED 306 and be used for heating comfort air F5.Although the example shown in Figure 13 Implement to exemplify cooling device 312 and/or heater 314 can be positioned in the upstream of dual temperature TED 306, but should manage Solution, at least one of cooling device 312 and heater 314 can be positioned in the downstream of dual temperature TED306.For example, one In a little embodiments, when HVAC system 300 is run with defogging mode, at least one of hot-zone 308,310 of dual temperature TED 306 Can be used for cooling down or dehumidifying comfort air F5, and be positioned in the sky after the heating devices heat dehumidifying in TED 306 downstream Gas.

In the example embodiment of heater-cooler 400 shown in Figure 14-16, first fluid stream F1 is double through being located at Two heat exchange zones 404,410 on first side of warm TED, wherein said dual temperature TED have Liang Ge electrothermal circuit area 402, 408.Second fluid stream F2 is through two heat exchange zones 406,412 on dual temperature TED second side.First electrothermal circuit area 402 and second each of electrothermal circuit area 408 can be configured to desired orientation independent of each other and optionally transmit heat Energy.Further, each of electrothermal circuit area 402,408 may be connected to can separate configurations circuit paths E1-E2, E3-E4.Controller can be configured control electrical network E1-E4 and fluid stream F1-F2, so that with multiple enabled modes Plant operation heater-cooler 400.For example, controller can configuration according to the form in Figure 14 demisting, heating or The electrical network of heater-cooler 400 is adjusted when refrigerating mode is selected.

Any suitable technology can be used for select heater-cooler 400 operational mode, it include previously with respect to The technology described in HVAC system 300 shown in Figure 12-13.

In example embodiment shown in Figure 15-16, heater-cooler 400 includes and the first electrothermal circuit area 402 First pair of heat exchange zone 404,406 of opposite side thermal communication.Second pair of heat exchange zone 410,412 and second electrothermal circuit area 408 Opposite side thermal communication.First and second electrothermal circuit areas 402,408 are configured heating, cooling and/or demisting and flow through heat exchange The fluid in area.Power supply (not shown) can be using in independent circuit paths E1-E2, E3-E4 thermoelectric loop area 402,408 Each provides electric power.Heater-cooler can include being configured transport fluid stream F1-F2 by the heat with TED thermal communication The fluid conduit systems of exchange area 404 and 410,406 and 412.

In demisting operational mode, the cooling of the first electrothermal circuit area 402 of heater-cooler 400 is flow through main fluid and is led Primary fluid stream F1 of the first heat exchange zone 404 of pipe.Controller leads to power supply via being connected to the of the first electrothermal circuit area 402 One circuit E1-E2 provides the electric power of the first polarity (or cooling polarity).Flow through the first heat exchange zone 406 of working fluid conduit Working fluid stream F2 removes the heat of the high temperature side from the first electrothermal circuit area 402.Pass across heating with fluid stream F1-F2 Device-cooler 400, working fluid stream F2 can be flowed with the direction contrary with the flow direction of primary fluid stream F1.It is supplied to and add The polarity of the electric power in the first electrothermal circuit area 402 of hot device-cooler 400 leads to heat energy to be directed into work from primary fluid stream F1 Fluid stream F2.In certain embodiments, working fluid stream F2 with for example as the fin thermal communication of additional cooler.Real substituting Apply in example, when defogging mode is selected, controller can lead to working fluid stream F2 to be directed into together with primary fluid stream F1 Target chamber.

In defogging mode, after the first heat exchange zone 404 and in fluid, flow through main fluid line in fluid During the second heat exchange zone 410, the second electrothermal circuit area 408 heating primary fluid stream F1 of heater-cooler 400.Controller is led Source of sending a telegraph provides the electricity of the second polarity (or polar) via the second circuit E3-E4 being connected to the second electrothermal circuit area 408 Power.Flow through the working fluid stream F2 of the second heat exchange zone 412 of working fluid conduit and the low temperature side in the second electrothermal circuit area 408 Thermal communication.When the flow direction of working fluid stream F2 is with primary fluid stream F1 flow direction rightabout, working fluid stream F2 exists The first heat exchange zone 406 flowing to working fluid conduit is before through the second heat exchange zone 412.It is supplied to heater-cooler The polarity of 400 electric power in the second electrothermal circuit area 408 leads to heat energy to be directed into primary fluid stream F1 from working fluid stream F2.

When heating operational mode and being chosen, the first and second electrothermal circuit areas 402,408 of heater-cooler 400 One of or two heating flow through main fluid line the first and second heat exchange zones 404,410 primary fluid stream F1.Control Device leads to power supply to provide the electric power of polar via the first and second circuit E1-E4 being connected to electrothermal circuit area 402,408. The working fluid stream F2 flowing through the first and second heat exchange zones 406,412 transfers heat to the low temperature in electrothermal circuit area 402,408 Side.In certain embodiments, when heating mode is selected, controller leads to working fluid stream F2 and for example as PWTN The thermal source thermal communication of system cooling agent.It is supplied to the electricity in the first and second electrothermal circuit areas 402,408 of heater-cooler 400 The polarity of power leads to heat energy to be directed into primary fluid stream F1 from working fluid stream F2.In certain embodiments, when determination main fluid When stream F1 can reach preferred temperature, electric power is provided only to one of electrothermal circuit area 402,408, and without electrothermal circuit area 402nd, all it is activated both 408.

When cooling mode of operation is selected, the first and second electrothermal circuit areas 402,408 of heater-cooler 400 The two all cools down primary fluid stream F1 of the first and second heat exchange zones 404,410 flowing through main fluid line.Controller leads to electricity Source provides the electric power of cooling polarity via the first and second circuit E1-E4 being connected to electrothermal circuit area 402,408.Flow through first By heat, the high temperature side from electrothermal circuit area 402,408 removes with the working fluid stream F2 of the second heat exchange zone 406,412.At some In embodiment, when refrigerating mode is selected, controller leads to working fluid stream F2 and for example as the fin of additional cooler Thermal communication.The polarity being supplied to the electric power in the first and second electrothermal circuit areas 402,408 of heater-cooler 400 leads to heat Working fluid stream F2 can be directed into from primary fluid stream F1.In certain embodiments, when determination primary fluid stream F1 can reach the phase When hoping temperature, electric power is provided only to one of electrothermal circuit area 402,408, and without both electrothermal circuit areas 402,408 all It is activated.

Referring now to Figure 17, it illustrates including engine 103 (and/or for example as battery, electronic installation, internal-combustion engine are mechanical, electrical Dynamic motor, the exhaust apparatus of vehicle, fin, the hot storage system of such as phase-change material, other heat of ptc device Generation system, and/or any hot generation system of known or later exploitation), thermoelectric device (TED) 112, heat-transfer arrangement 151 Embodiment with the temperature control system of passenger's air duct 19.Heat-transfer arrangement 151 is disposed in passenger's air duct 19. In an illustrated embodiment, TED 112 is liquid to air heat-transfer arrangement.Therefore, at least a portion of TED 112 can also It is disposed in passenger's air duct 19.Passenger's air duct 19 can be configured to allow comfort air through passage 19 And with heat-transfer arrangement 151 and TED 112 thermal communication.In certain embodiments, air conditioner unit (for example, fan) is configured Conveying air stream.At least some assembly of system can be in fluid communication via the such as heat energy conveying device as fluid guiding tube. Actuator (for example, valve 125,135,145 and 165) can be used for controlling heat energy to pass through pipeline.Control device is (for example, Controller) all parts of control system and its fluid communication of correlation can be configured.,

In the illustrated embodiment, in the first mode, when valve 135 and 145 be open and valve 125 and 165 closed When closing, between TED112 and engine 103, there is thermal communication.In the first loop, or include return line 111,131 and 141 Heat source loop in, fluid (for example, cooling agent) is circulated, and heat energy transmits between engine 103 and TED112.TED 12 electric energy being provided with the specified polarity allowing heat energy to transmit between the first loop and passenger's air duct 19.In the first mould In formula, heat energy is pumped into the air stream of passenger's air duct 19 by TED 112 from the first loop.

In a second mode, valve 135 and 145 is closed and valve 125 and 165 is opened.Circulation of fluid permits sending out Thermal communication between motivation 103 and heat-transfer arrangement 151.In the second loop, or include return line 111,121 and 161 side In the loop of road, fluid (for example, cooling agent) is circulated, and heat energy transmits between engine 103 and heat-transfer arrangement 151. TED 12 be bypassed and no longer with engine 103 thermal communication.In this operational mode, flow of fluid is in hot loop 141 Stop and do not supply electric energy to TED 112.In certain embodiments, this system can be in the first operational mode and the second operation Switch between pattern.In certain embodiments, low temperature core (not shown) can be operatively connected to or alternative can be grasped Make ground be connected to hot loop 111 and be used for by heat energy from heat-transfer arrangement 151, TED 112 and/or temperature control system other Element is delivered in surrounding air.For example, low temperature core can be connected in parallel to engine 103 at least some of operational mode Or substitute engine 103.

TED 12 can include when power is applied, in particular directions one or more thermoelectricity units of transferring heat energy Part.When applying electric energy using the first polarity, TED 112 is with first direction transferring heat energy.Alternately, when use and the first pole Property contrary second polarity when applying electric energy, TED 112 is with the second direction transferring heat energy contrary with first direction.When applying the During the electric energy of one polarity, TED 112 can be configured and by configuring this system, the fire end of TED 112 and passenger's air be led to Road 19 thermal communication, transfers thermal energy to the air stream of passenger's air duct 19.Further, the colling end of TED 112 can be with Engine 103 thermal communication is so that TED 112 sucks heat energy from the loop being connected with engine.In certain embodiments, control system System (not shown) adjusts the polarity of the electric energy putting on TED 112, to select between heating mode and refrigerating mode.At some In embodiment, control system adjusts the size of the electric energy putting on TED 112, to select heating or cooling capacity.

The method that Figure 18 illustrates to control the temperature in the passenger accommodation of vehicle.The method includes moving air stream and passes through heat exchange Device.Air stream can be advanced through one or more passenger's air ducts (for example, conduit) before entering passenger accommodation.Initially Ground, control system operates in first mode, and in this mode, the heat energy of TED self-heat power in future is pumped into passenger's air duct.Control System processed remains running in first mode until meeting one or more switching standards.When meeting one or more standards When, control system is switched to the second operational mode.In one embodiment, when the cooling cycling through engine or other thermals source When agent prepares heating air stream, control system is switched to second mode.In a second mode, heat energy is from engine or other thermals source It is delivered to heat exchanger.TED is bypassed, and substantially not with thermal source or heat exchanger thermal communication.In such configuration, flow Body (for example, cooling agent) flows through bypass loop, to there is heat energy transmission in bypass loop.This system can also run one Or more actuators (for example, valve), to lead to fluid to bypass TED flowing.In one embodiment, controller control valve exists Switch between operational mode.In the second operational mode, heat exchanger can be with the heater core in conventional vehicles HVAC system Play identical effect.

One or more standards for running mode switching can be any suitable standard however it is not limited to vehicle Characteristic or temperature parameter.In certain embodiments, the standard for switching flow of fluid include one or more of following： Algorithm, user action or be failure to actuate, the temperature of heat energy, fluid temperature (F.T.), the time quantum passing and air themperature.In some enforcements In example, standard can also be specified by user according to preference or user is adjusted.In one embodiment, when engine reaches threshold value temperature When spending, it is switched to second mode from first mode and occurs.In another embodiment, should when fluid circuit reaches threshold temperature Switching occurs.In yet another embodiment, when air themperature reaches threshold temperature, this switching occurs.

With reference to Figure 19, it illustrates the embodiment of temperature control system, described temperature control system can be configured heating and It is cooled in the air stream in passenger's air duct 19.This system includes TED112, heat-transfer arrangement 151, low temperature core or fin 171st, heat energy 181 and multiple actuator 125,135,145,165,175,185.Multiple actuators can limit fluid or cooling Loop discussed in this article is flow through in agent.Heat-transfer arrangement 151 is disposed in passenger's air duct 19.It is illustrated as liquid to air The TED 112 of embodiment can also be disposed in passenger's air duct 19.Passenger's air duct 19 is configured to so that air Stream can through passage 19 and with heat-transfer arrangement 151 and TED 112 thermal communication.In certain embodiments, air conditioner unit (for example, fan) is configured conveying air stream.This system further includes fin loop 170, and it includes low temperature core 171 and extremely A few valve 175.TED 112 is via operating fluid loop 142 and fin loop 170 thermal communication.This system also includes thermal source Loop 180, it includes heat energy 181 and at least one valve 185.TED 112 is via operating fluid loop 142 and heat source loop 180 thermal communications.Some embodiments also include heat transfer circuit 121, and it includes heat-transfer arrangement 151 and at least one valve 125.Heat Transmit between air stream and heat-transfer arrangement 151 and TED 112.In one embodiment, heat energy 181 is car engine Machine and low temperature core 171 are radiators.In certain embodiments, heat energy can include battery, electronic installation, internal-combustion engine Machine, the exhaust apparatus of vehicle, fin, the hot storage system of such as phase-change material, ptc device and/or known or with Any hot generation system developed afterwards.It is also contemplated that be the effect that pump can be configured described system to lead to fluid Flowing.In certain embodiments, micro-hybrid and/or motor vehicle driven by mixed power can implement electrodynamic pump in engine stop (for example, water pump), to provide working fluid to circulate, this electrodynamic pump can replace the pump of belt drives of routine or replace routine The pump of belt drives.

Description illustrates the multifunctionality that system is embodied below, and wherein only TED 112 can be used for heating and cool down.Should System can be configured to be run in different modalities by running at least one of valve 175 and 185, and this leads to cooling agent according to institute Select heating mode or refrigerating mode flows through heat source loop 180 or fin loop 170.In heating mode, open valve 185 and shutoff valve 175 leads to coolant flow to cross heat source loop 180 and without flow through fin loop 170.In this mode, TED 112 are run with the first polarity and are configured the air stream that heat energy is delivered to from heat source loop 180 passenger's air duct 19.Pass through Open valve 125 and shutoff valve 135, heat-transfer arrangement 151 can also be run to further enhance heat transfer together with TED 112. In certain embodiments, heat-transfer arrangement 151 can run as described earlier in the case of not having TED 112.

In refrigerating mode, shutoff valve 185 and open valve 175 lead to cooling agent to flow through fin loop 170 and without flow through Heat source loop 180.In this mode, TED 112, to be run with first opposite polarity ground the second polarity, and is configured heat Fin loop 170 can be delivered to from passenger's air duct 19, this passes through from air flow fin loop 170 transferring heat energy fall The temperature of low air flow.

Figure 20 illustrates another embodiment of the operation method of temperature control system, wherein can follow and figure 19 illustrates Utilize for heating and cooling the system of TED embodiment.In such an embodiment, air stream moves through heat transfer dress Put with TED and enter passenger accommodation.In certain embodiments, this system circulation of fluid (example in the first circuit or heat transfer circuit As cooling agent), described loop and heat-transfer arrangement and/or thermoelectric device (TED) thermal communication.This system receives heating mode also It is the instruction that refrigerating mode is selected.If heating mode is selected, then this system leads to fluid to flow in heat source loop, Described heat source loop and heat energy, heat-transfer arrangement and/or TED thermal communication.In heating mode, TED heat source loop with take advantage of Transferring heat energy between objective air duct.Heat-transfer arrangement may be utilized for supplementing or replace the function of TED.If refrigerating mode Chosen, then this system leads to fluid to flow in fin loop, described fin loop is connected with low temperature core and TED heat Logical.In refrigerating mode, TED transferring heat energy between fin loop and passenger's air duct.This system is added based on selected Whether the electric energy of heat pattern or refrigerating mode and selected polarity is supplied to TED and specifies selected polarity.In heating mode, lead TED is caused to be chosen from heat source loop to the polarity of passenger's air duct transferring heat energy.In refrigerating mode, lead to TED from passenger Air duct is chosen to the polarity of fin circuit transmission heat energy.

The embodiment of the system as shown in regard to Figure 19 is discussed, fin loop and operating fluid loop can wrap Include actuator, described actuator can be used for controlling the flowing in system of fluid or cooling agent.In one embodiment, lead to Cross and run the actuator associating with heat source loop, this system leads to fluid to flow through fin loop.In another embodiment, pass through Run the actuator with fin path incidence, this system can lead to fluid to flow through fin loop.Further, at some In embodiment, the actuator that can be opened and associate with heat source loop with the actuator of fin path incidence can be closed Close, to lead to fluid to flow in fin loop.It is contemplated that multiple pumps can be configured and operating fluid loop, thermal source Work together with fin loop in loop, to promote flow of fluid.

Figure 21 illustrates the embodiment of the temperature control system 101 for providing temperature-controlled air to passenger accommodation.This In embodiment, system 101 include thermoelectric device (TED) 112, engine 13, heat-transfer arrangement (for example, heat exchanger 116) and Passenger's air duct 19, a part for HVAC system 62.In certain embodiments, system 101 is additional includes low temperature core 40.System 101 further include one or more pumps 53 and actuator 28,32,34,36,125,135,145 and 165, described actuator It is configured in transmitting fluid (for example, cooling agent) among different parts and suppressing the fluid communication among (or restriction) different part And/or thermal communication.Engine 13 can be any vehicle motor type, the e.g. explosive motor of heat energy.At some In embodiment, engine 13 can be any hot generation system, such as battery, electronic installation, the exhaust apparatus of vehicle, radiating The hot storage system of piece, such as phase-change material, ptc device, or any heat of known or later exploitation is System.System 101 can by controller, multiple controller or can rise controlling pump, valve, thermal source, TED and system 101 other Any other device of the effect of part is controlled.By control parts, valve and pump, controller can be with various operational modes Runtime 101.Controller may also respond to input signal or the pattern of order change system 101.

In one embodiment, fluid (for example, liquid coolant) among system 101 part transferring heat energy and pass through one Individual or more pumps are controlled.Liquid coolant can be transported via the pipe-line system providing fluid communication among all parts Send heat energy.Actuator can be used for controlling the part with heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 thermal communication under preset time. Alternatively, temperature control system can provide the thermal communication among part using other materials or device.

In such an embodiment, system 101 uses single heat exchanger 116 and single TED112, and this permission sets to HVAC The impact of meter is minimum, this is because its heat exchanger of keeping Typical Disposition and need not adding.However, it is also contemplated that be system 101 can be configured with multiple heat exchangers, multiple TED and/or multiple HVAC system or airflow path.In some embodiments In, heat exchanger and miscellaneous part can be combined as single heat exchanger by system 101, in order to reduce to the impact that HVAC designs Minimum.For example, it is envisioned that to be heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 can be single heat exchanger.In certain embodiments, work Can be arranged so that single heat exchanger is thermally connected to engine and the heat removed from air duct 19 as fluid circuit Both electric installations, such as discussed further in the patent application number 12/782569 that on May 18th, 2010 submits to, Entire contents are incorporated in this and the part as this specification by quoting.Depending on the pattern of system 101, heat exchange Device 116 and/or TED 112 can be with engine 13 thermal communications.Further depend on the pattern of system 101, TED can be with low temperature Core 40 thermal communication.In heating mode, heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 can be with engine 13 thermal communications.In cooling mould In formula, heat-transfer arrangement 116 and/or TED112 can be with low temperature core or radiator 40 thermal communications.

Also shown in figure 21, Figure 21 illustrates the embodiment of HVAC system 62, and air stream is before entering passenger accommodation Through HVAC system 62.In such an embodiment, heat-transfer arrangement 116 and TED 112 are functionally connected to HVAC system 62 or be disposed in HVAC system 62, so that they can be to air stream transferring heat energy or from air stream transferring heat energy.HVAC Air stream in system 62 can flow through the one or more passages 52,54 being separated by dividing plate 60.In certain embodiments, One and second channel 52,54 there is identical approx. dimension (for example, identical approximate altitude, length, width and/or cross section Long-pending).In other embodiments, the first and second passages 52,54 are of different sizes, as shown in figure 21.For example, first and The width of two passages 52,54, height and/or cross-sectional area can be different.In certain embodiments, first passage compares second Passage is bigger.In other embodiments, first passage is less than second channel.In a further embodiment, the dividing plate of interpolation can To be used to form any amount of passage or conduit.Dividing plate can be any suitable material, shape or construction.Dividing plate is permissible For partially or completely separating conduit or passage, and can have hole, gap, valve, combination gates, other suitable structures or permit The combination of the structure being perhaps in fluid communication between channels.At least a portion of dividing plate can make first passage 52 and second channel 54 It is thermally isolated.

In certain embodiments, HVAC system 62 includes the first displaceable element, and it is configured operable control and flows through One and the air stream of second channel 52,54.For example, combination gates 56 can be configured the air stream controlling through passage 52,54.Mixed Close door and can be rotationally coupled the entrance close to passage 52,54.By rotation, combination gates can control by passage 52,54 Air stream.Combination gates 56 can optionally change, allow, hinder or stop air stream pass through the first and second passages 52, One of 54 or the two.Preferably, when combination gates 56 guide all air streams to pass through other passages, it can stop air Stream is by one of described passage passage.Combination gates 56 be can also allow for air stream and led to by two with speed in different amounts Road.In certain embodiments, combination gates 56 are coupled to dividing plate 60 and rotate with respect to dividing plate 60.It is contemplated that be more than one Individual combination gates can be used in HVAC system 62, to guide air stream and to improve heating and/or the cooling of air stream.

In certain embodiments, evaporimeter 58 can be disposed in HVAC system 62 in the path of air stream, so that The moisture of air stream was removed before air stream enters passenger accommodation.In certain embodiments, evaporimeter 58 can be positioned in logical Before road 52,54, so that it can adjust whole air stream.In other embodiments, evaporimeter can be placed in the channel One in so that it can only adjust the air stream in special modality.Other devices (for example, condenser) can also be in air Stream is used for before entering passenger accommodation preparing or cooling air stream.

In certain embodiments, system 101 works in different modalities, and described different mode includes：First mode or heating Pattern, it corresponds to a period of time (" startup heating mode ") in engine just preheating；Second mode or heating mode, it is right But should warm up enough to assist a period of time (" warm-up the engine heated mould of heating air stream still in preheating in engine Formula " or " preheating heating mode " or " supplementary heating pattern ")；3rd pattern or heating mode, it is enough that it corresponds to engine Warm a period of time (" warm engine heating mode ", " warm heating mode " or " heating mode ")；And be used for cooling down passenger accommodation Fourth mode (" refrigerating mode " or " supplement refrigerating mode ").In certain embodiments, triangular web can execute each not Same pattern, it is contemplated that be that embodiments of the invention can be configured and only execute one of pattern described below mould Formula.For example, a kind of embodiment can be configured in only executing the pattern providing heat energy from thermoelectric device during engine prewarming.Another Embodiment can be configured only to be provided as the cooling described in refrigerating mode.

In certain embodiments, system 101 can also be for other patterns of micro-hybrid or hybrid power system Work.System 101 can be operated in：In 5th pattern or " stopping cold heating mode ", it corresponds to and declines when engine temperature And (for example, engine was cold and started a period of time that coolant temperature accordingly drops below the first predetermined threshold The first temperature threshold is fallen below) at a temperature of machine (and/or cooling agent)；6th pattern or " stopping heating mode " or " stop cold But in the heating mode after ", its correspond to when engine temperature decline and coolant temperature accordingly to drop below second pre- Determine threshold value, but warm enough a period of time to assist heating air stream (for example, engine be preheated and engine (and/or Cooling agent) temperature is between the first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold value)；In 7th pattern or " stopping warm heating mode ", its Corresponding to being on the second predetermined threshold and coolant temperature is accordingly on the second predetermined threshold when engine temperature For a period of time (for example, engine is warm, and engine (and/or cooling agent) temperature is on second temperature threshold value).Second is pre- Determining threshold value can be corresponding with the temperature of the cooling agent enough to provide expectation heating amount to air stream.In certain embodiments, single One system can execute each different mode, but it is also contemplated that be embodiments of the invention can be configured only execute following One of the pattern of description pattern.For example, a kind of embodiment can be configured and be less than the first predetermined threshold when coolant temperature When, only execute the pattern that heat energy is provided from thermoelectric device.

Figure 21 is shown in the enforcement of the temperature control system 101 in the also referred to as first mode of " startup heating mode " Example.In this mode, when engine (E) 13 just preheats but be also not reaching to enough to heat passenger accommodation temperature (for example, Engine temperature be less than the first temperature threshold) when heat be provided to passenger accommodation.When engine 13 starts first, it does not generate foot To increase the hot enough of passenger's indoor temperature.Vehicle motor can spend several minutes or more time to carry to passenger accommodation to preheat For the temperature needed for comfort air.In this mode, controller provides electric energy to TED 112, and this generates thermal gradient future From the heat transfer of the fire end of TED 112 to air duct 54.Liquid cooled in operating fluid loop 30 and hot loop 141 Agent is moved through described loop by the pump (not shown) in engine 13.In alternative embodiments, pump may be located at and sends out The outside of motivation 13.Valve 145 is opened, and operating fluid loop 30 is via hot loop 131 and 141 and TED 112 fluid Connection, this will be thermally coupled with engine 13 for TED 112 via hot loop 21.During starting heating mode, valve 125,165 and 36 Can be closed.In certain embodiments, during starting heating mode, low temperature core 40 is unwanted, this is because entering Air stream in passenger accommodation is just heated.

Figure 21 is also shown in the embodiment of the temperature control system in the 5th pattern, and the 5th pattern is in such as micro-hybrid Or also referred to as " stop cold heating mode " in motor vehicle driven by mixed power.When engine 13 is in micro-hybrid or hybrid power system In when being stopped, engine 13 will turn cold when stopping.Turn cold with engine 13, under liquid coolant temperature will be corresponding Fall.In this mode, when the temperature drop of engine 13 e insufficient to heat passenger accommodation, heat is just being provided to passenger accommodation (for example, engine temperature is less than first (or second) temperature threshold).In this mode, controller provides electricity to TED 112 Can, this generates thermal gradient and by the heat transfer of the fire end from TED112 to air duct 54.In operating fluid loop 30 He The pump (for example, electrodynamic pump) that liquid coolant in hot loop 141 passes through in engine 13 (not shown) is moved through described Loop.In alternative embodiments, pump may be located at the outside of engine 13.Valve 145 is opened, and operating fluid loop 30 It is in fluid communication with TED112 via hot loop 131 and 141, this will be thermally coupled with engine 13 for TED 112 via hot loop 21.? During stopping cold heating mode heating mode, valve 125,165 and 36 can be closed.In certain embodiments, low temperature core 40 exists It is unwanted during stopping cold heating mode, this is because the air stream entering in passenger accommodation is just heated.Therefore, temperature control System 101 processed can provide longer time section relatively, need not start engine 13 and heat in micro-hybrid within this time period Or the air stream in hybrid power system.In the case of not providing heating function by TED 112 as discussed herein, example As when engine 13 does not need otherwise to drive vehicle, engine 13 is perhaps to the heating purpose of passenger accommodation and quilt Start.

TED 112 is disposed in HVAC system 62.In this way, entrance is delivered to by thermoelectric device 112 The heat energy of the air stream of passenger accommodation is delivered to the cooling agent with engine 13 thermal communication.In one embodiment, TED 112 is Enter the exclusive source of the heat energy of air stream of passenger accommodation, even and if when liquid coolant is circulated by hot loop, do not have Or little heat energy takes from engine 13.Once engine is warm enough, still in starting heating mode, from engine 13 Heat energy is also used for heating the cooling agent in operating fluid loop 30.Therefore, after initial start, enter the air stream of passenger accommodation Heat energy can be received from both engine 13 and TED 112.

In such an embodiment, HVAC system 62 can include combination gates 56 or be configured to direct air flow to lead to and take advantage of Other devices in the different passages 52,54 of guest room.In such an embodiment, heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 are located at second and lead to In road 54.In starting heating mode, combination gates 56 are positioned to so that at least a portion of air stream is conducted through second Passage 54.In alternative embodiments, heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 can be operatively coupled or be placed in HVAC system In the more than one passage of system 62.

During starting heating mode, system 101 can be configured in providing air stream before air stream enters passenger accommodation Demisting.Evaporimeter 58 can be configured in HVAC system 62, so that air stream is through evaporimeter 58, thus in air stream quilt Cooling and the moisture removing air stream before heat exchanger 116 and/or TED112 heating.

Figure 22 is shown in also referred to as in the second mode of " warm-up the engine heating mode " or " preheating heating mode " Temperature control system 101 embodiment.In this mode, engine 13 has reached can provide some heat to air stream Preheating temperature, but (for example, engine temperature is in the first temperature not to warm up exclusive source as the heat energy for system 101 Between degree threshold value and second temperature threshold value).In this mode, engine 13 and heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 thermal communication. Heat energy from engine 13 is delivered to heat exchanger 116, institute via cooling agent by pipeline (hot loop 21,30 and 121) State heat energy and described loop is moved through by the pump in face in or beyond engine 13 (not shown).Meanwhile, more heat energy can To be delivered to air stream using TED 112 via hot loop 141, given via heat exchanger 116 from engine 13 with supplement Heat energy.Controller runs opens actuator 28,32,34,125 and 145 (closing actuator 135 and 165), to allow in heat Fluid communication between exchanger 116, TED 112 and engine 13.In certain embodiments, actuator 36 is closed, so that There is no coolant flow to radiator 40.Using the TED 112 via hot loop 21 and engine 13 thermal communication, if compared to only Only run heat exchanger 116, the more available heat energy of engine 13 and cooling agent can be delivered to air stream.With starting Machine 13 warms, and heat exchanger 116 can gradually transmit more heat energy to air stream.Using positioned at the embodiment shown in Figure 23 In the downstream of heat exchanger 116 TED 112, become gradually to warm up with the air stream flowing through TED 112, TED's 112 The temperature difference between second heat transfer surface (or useless surface) of the first heat transfer surface (or first type surface) and TED 112 reduces, from And improve the coefficient of performance of TED 112.When in preheating heating mode, engine and coolant circuit are relatively cool, by TED 16 downstreams being placed in heater core 14 can also stop or suppress to be delivered to air stream 18 from TED 16, by relatively cool heater The heat energy that core 14 absorbs；Therefore, in preheating heating mode, suppression heat energy is delivered to coolant circuit from air stream 18.? In some embodiments, the operation of the process according to reference to Figure 21 and Figure 22 can be in conjunction with being referred to as " startup heating mode ".

Figure 22 is also shown in the embodiment of the temperature control system 101 in the 6th pattern, and described 6th pattern is for example micro- In hybrid power or motor vehicle driven by mixed power also referred to as " stopping heating mode " (or " stopping the heating mode after cooling ").When send out When motivation 13 is stopped in micro-hybrid or hybrid power system, engine 13 will turn cold when stopping.With starting Machine 13 turns cold, and liquid coolant temperature will accordingly decline.In this mode, engine 13 and cooling agent can use residual heat Some heat can be provided to air stream, but the exclusive source being not enough to warm up as the heat energy for system 101 (for example, starts Machine temperature is between first and second temperature threshold).In this mode, engine 13 and heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 heat Connection.Heat energy from engine 13 is delivered to heat exchanger by pipeline (hot loop 21,30 and 121) via cooling agent 116, the pump (for example, electrodynamic pump) that heat energy passes through face in or beyond engine 13 (not shown) is moved through described loop.Meanwhile, More heat energy can be delivered to air stream using TED 112 via hot loop 141, is handed over via heat from engine 13 with supplementing The heat energy that parallel operation 116 gives.Controller runs opens actuator 28,32,34,125 and 145 (closing actuator 135 and 165), To allow to be in fluid communication between heat exchanger 116, TED112 and engine 13.In certain embodiments, actuator 36 quilt Close, there is no coolant flow to radiator 40.Using the TED 112 via hot loop 21 and engine 13 thermal communication, phase In iff running heat exchanger 116, the more available heat energy of engine 13 and cooling agent can be delivered to air to ratio Stream.Therefore, temperature control system 101 can provide longer time section relatively, need not start engine 13 and add within this time period Air stream in micro-hybrid or hybrid power system for the heat.Not having supplementary heating, (for example, system 101 does not have TED 112) in the case of, for example, engine 13 may be when not needing otherwise to drive vehicle, and engine 13 is perhaps to add The purpose of hot passenger accommodation needs and is activated.

Figure 23 be shown in can also be referred to as " warm engine heating mode ", " warm heating mode " or " heating mode " The embodiment of the temperature control system 101 in three patterns.In this mode, engine 13 has reached enough temperature and has been The exclusive source (for example, engine temperature is higher than second temperature threshold value) of the heat energy of system 101.In this mode, engine 13 with heat exchanger 116 thermal communication.Pass through pipeline (hot loop 21,30 and 121) from the heat energy of engine 13 via cooling agent It is delivered to heat exchanger 116.In or beyond engine 13 (not shown), the pump in face can be configured in engine 13 and heat friendship Circulating coolant between parallel operation 116.Controller runs opens actuator 28,32,34,125 and 165 (closing actuator 135 He 145), to allow to be in fluid communication between heat exchanger 116 and engine 13.Electric current to TED 112 can be stopped or Limit, to stop the operation of TED 112.In certain embodiments, actuator 36 is closed, not have coolant flow to radiating Device 40.

Figure 23 is also shown in the embodiment of the temperature control system in the 7th pattern, and described 7th pattern is in such as microring array Also referred to as " stop warm heating mode " in power or motor vehicle driven by mixed power.In this mode, engine 13 is stopped, but (for example, engine temperature is in second (or first) for the temperature that it has enough to the exclusive source as the heat energy for system 101 On temperature threshold).When engine 13 is stopped in micro-hybrid or hybrid power system, engine 13 and cooling agent Initially be there is residual heat energy.In this mode, engine 13 and heat exchanger 116 thermal communication.Heat from engine 13 Heat exchanger 116 can be delivered to via cooling agent by pipeline (hot loop 21,30 and 121).In engine 13 (not shown) The pump (for example, electrodynamic pump) in inner or outer face can be configured in circulating coolant between engine 13 and heat exchanger 116.Control Device runs opens actuator 28,32,34,125 and 165 (closing actuator 135 and 145), so as to allow heat exchanger 116 with It is in fluid communication between engine 13.Electric current to TED 112 can be stopped or limit, to stop the operation of TED 112.One In a little embodiments, actuator 36 is closed, not have coolant flow to radiator 40.

In warm engine heating mode and/or the warm heating mode of stopping, controller can stop being supplied to TED's 112 Electric energy.When engine 13 is in sufficient temp it is no longer necessary to TED 112, and puts on the electric energy of TED 12 and can be saved. By controlling the operation of actuator, system 101 can bypass TED 112 and heat exchanger 116 is thermally connected to engine 13.? It is not necessary that having multiple heat exchangers 116 or multigroup heat exchanger in passenger's air duct 19 in this embodiment.Phase Instead, system 101 can be connected to single heat exchanger 116 or single group heat exchanger and/or TED 112 or single group TED Run with various coolings and/or heating mode when 112.

Combination gates 56 can guide at least a portion of air stream to pass through passage 54, heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 In passage 54, so that air stream is heated before entering passenger accommodation.In order to passenger accommodation, combination gates are heated with slow rate 56 can be conditioned to allow less air stream through over-heat-exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 passage 54, and/or allow more Air stream through other passages 52 not heated.In order to increase the rate of heat addition, described combination gates can be adjusted to more Many air streams are conducted through the passage 54 with heat exchanger 16 and/or TED 112, and less air stream is allowed to By other passages 52.

If it is desired, during warm engine heating mode and/or the warm heating mode of stopping, TED 112 is used as heat The energy is also possible.Although warm engine 13 generally can be supplied enough heat energy with heat exchanger 116 and be used for heating passenger Room, TED 112 is used as supplementary heat energy as shown in figure 22.Actuator in system 101 can be configured to so that Engine 13 and operating fluid loop 30 are placed and heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 thermal communication.Electric energy can continue to be supplied to TED 112, so that it is to the air stream transferring heat energy of passenger's air chamber.It is supplementary from the heat energy of TED 112, this is because Also via cooling agent heat exchanger 116 transferring heat energy after heating, described cooling agent passes through in engine 13 engine 13 Or the pump of outside moves.

When temperature control system 101 is in warm engine heating mode, evaporimeter 58 can be configured removal air stream Moisture.Therefore, during whole heating process, demisting is possible.Similar to the configuration starting heating mode, evaporimeter 58 Can be positioned in HVAC system 62, air stream was passed through before being heated by heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 to steam Send out device 58.

Figure 24 is shown in the embodiment of the temperature control system 101 in fourth mode or " refrigerating mode ".This pattern can To be used in micro-hybrid or the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of routine.Cooled down in this mode by as described herein, start Machine 13 there is no need to cool down passenger accommodation.For example, the compressor of belt drives can be without the necessary cooling of necessary offer.Real at some Apply in example, in refrigerating mode, engine 13 keeps stopping or can keep stopping longer period.The disclosed embodiments can With the cooling replacing or supplement is provided by motor compressor system for example in motor vehicle driven by mixed power.In refrigerating mode, pass through Transmit heat via TED 112 from air flow low temperature core 40, system 101 cools down the air stream in HVAC system 62.A kind of real Apply in example, valve 32,34,36,135 and 145 is opened, and valve 28 and 125 is closed.Pump 53 is engaged to allow coolant flow Cross operating fluid loop 30 and cooling circuit 50, thus via hot loop 141 from TED 112 to low temperature core 40 transferring heat energy.Low Warm core or radiator 40 are configured supplement heat rejecter air stream.As a part for system 101, fin loop or cooling circuit 50 It is configured to so that TED 112 and low temperature core or radiator 40 thermal communication.In this configuration, engine 13 is by cooling agent system Bypass and not with heat exchanger 116 or TED 112 thermal communication.Therefore, cooling circuit 50 and low temperature core 40 pass in an efficient way Pass the heat from TED 112.

TED 112 receives and opposite polarity polarity electric energy used in heating mode.Electric energy quilt when opposite polarity When putting on TED 112, the direction of thermal gradient is inverted.Replace providing heat or heat energy to the air stream of passenger's air duct 19, TED 112 is by from air flow hot loop 141 transferring heat energy, come cooling air stream, hot loop 141 is hot with hot loop 30 and 50 Connection final and low temperature core 40 thermal communication.Cooling circuit 50 and/or low temperature core 40 can be positioned proximate thermoelectric device 112, To provide more effective heat energy transmission.Preferably, low temperature core or radiator 40 are exposed to air stream or another for radiating Introduces a collection.Although air stream can be through evaporimeter 58, evaporator system (namely be based on the refrigeration system of compressor) can be stopped With so that evaporimeter 58 has substantially no effect on the heat energy (for example, evaporimeter does not absorb the heat energy from air stream) of air stream.

In certain embodiments, during refrigerating mode, evaporimeter 58 can air stream enter passenger accommodation before by with Make cooling air stream a part, to provide " supplement refrigerating mode ".For example as some embodiments of motor vehicle driven by mixed power In, evaporimeter 58 can be a part for the refrigeration system based on compressor of the compressor with belt drives.Real at some Apply in example, compressor can be motor compressor.Evaporimeter 58 can be configured to so that air stream through evaporimeter 58 and Air stream removes moisture before reaching TED 112.And, TED 112 can be arranged on one of multiple passages 52,54 and lead to In road.Combination gates 56 can be configured guiding air stream and enter in the passage 54 arranging TED 112 wherein.Similar to heated mould Formula, in refrigerating mode, is allowed through passage 52,54 by adjusting how many air streams, combination gates 56 can adjust cooling speed Rate.Alternately, TED 112 can be configured in not using transmission in the case of autonomous channel from whole air stream Heat.Therefore, TED 112 can provide supplement by absorbing heat energy together with the evaporimeter 58 absorbing the heat energy being derived from air stream Cooling.

In certain embodiments, thermal storage 123 is coupled to HVAC system 101.As shown in figure 24, thermal storage 123 can be coupled to evaporimeter 58 or the part as evaporimeter 58.Evaporimeter 58 with thermal storage 123 is permissible It is considered as " heavyweight " evaporimeter, the evaporimeter 58 without thermal storage 123 is considered " lightweight " evaporation Device.In " heavyweight " evaporimeter, thermal storage 123 can as shown in figure 24 and evaporimeter 58 thermal communication.In some enforcements In example, thermal storage 123 may be connected to evaporimeter 58, in evaporimeter 58 the inside or the part as evaporimeter 58. In the case of lightweight evaporimeter, thermal storage 123 can be placed on any position along HVAC system 101, for example as Upstream or downstream in evaporimeter 58, heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112.It is stopped when explosive motor is as described herein When, the heat energy in thermal energy storage device 123 can be used to provide for the cooling of longer time section and need not start engine.Example As when an engine is stopped, thermal storage 123 can initial cooling air stream.When the heat being stored in thermal storage 123 Can by absorbed when, TED 112 can be engaged continuation cooling air stream.

During refrigerating mode, thermal storage 123 may be located in first or second channel 52,54, to provide many work( Can property.For example, thermal storage 123 may be located in first passage 52.When engine 13 stops and evaporimeter 58 is no longer transported During row, combination gates 56 can be oriented guide the significant fraction of whole air streams or air stream to pass through first passage 52 so that Thermal storage 123 provides cooling during the starting stage that engine 13 stops.When the heat being stored in thermal storage 123 When can expand, combination gates 56 can be oriented and guide the significant fraction of whole air streams or air stream to pass through second channel 54, for TED 112 cooling air stream as described herein.

The electric energy that HVAC system 101 can be directed to HVAC system 101 is converted to heat energy and by this thermal energy storage in heat In storage device 123.One or more thermoelectric devices can be used for converting electrical energy into heat energy, but any suitable electricity Thermal energy conversion device can be arrived can be used.In order to store heat energy, thermal storage 123 can comprise high temperature and low temperature phase change material Both material, such as wax (high temperature phase change material (pcm)) and water (low-temperature phase-change material).HVAC system 100 can utilize thermal storage 123 with using available from system (for example, alternating current generator, regeneration brake system generator and/or WHRS) Electric energy, discussed further, this patent Shen such as in the patent application number 11/184742 that on July 19th, 2005 submits to Full content please passes through to quote to be incorporated in this, and should be considered as the part of this specification.In certain embodiments, When just running in explosive motor and providing energy to the refrigeration system based on compressor, the refrigeration system based on compressor is permissible It is used for thermal energy storage in thermal storage 123.In certain embodiments, same principle can apply in heating mode Period utilizes thermal storage 123, to provide longer engine stop time.

Figure 25 illustrates to be used for the alternate embodiment of the temperature control system of passenger accommodation cooling down vehicle.In this reality Apply in example, air stream can be cooled in the case of not using heat exchanger 116 or TED 112.All of valve can be by Close and all of pump can be switched off.In such an embodiment, Figure 25 illustrates that still can run hot loop is Radiator loop 90, it utilizes the pump circulation of engine 15 the inside in the radiator loop 90 controlling by independent temperature control 93 In cooling fluid, independent temperature control 93 can be independent of HVAC system 62 and temperature control system 101.Actuator 28 and 29 It is closed.In an embodiment, radiator (R) 17 is independently of the part of low temperature core 40.In this mode, electric energy is not had to be applied It is added on TED 112, and do not have heat energy to be delivered to heat exchanger 116 from engine 15.Instead of using heat exchanger as heat Transmission source, air stream is directed in passage 52 and is then brought in passenger accommodation.In one embodiment, combination gates 56 warp Configuration guide almost all of air flow in passage 52 so that air stream enter passenger accommodation before without over-heat-exchanger 116.In certain embodiments, air stream can be through evaporimeter 58 before entering passage 52.Alternately, evaporimeter 58 can With positioned at air stream in passage 52 wherein.In this way, air stream does not have to HVAC system 62 in system 101 It is cooled in the case that any heat transfer is provided.

Figure 26 A illustrates there is two kinds of operational modes：The replacement of the simplify control schematic diagram of heating mode and refrigerating mode is real Apply example.Figure 26 A is shown in and can also be referred to as heating mode, supplementary heating pattern and/or the first mode stopping heating mode In temperature control system 102 embodiment.In certain embodiments, the heating mode group of the embodiment shown in Figure 26 A Close and start heating mode, warm-up the engine heating mode and/or warm engine mode (the combination embodiment shown in Figure 26 A It is considered startup heating mode) and stop cold heating mode, stop heating mode and/or stop warm heating mode, As mentioned above for described by Figure 21-23.

As described above, when engine 15 is initiated first, it will not generate enough to increase the enough of passenger's indoor temperature Heat.In heating mode, when engine 15 initially preheats and also is not reaching to the temperature enough to heat passenger accommodation, hot quilt It is supplied to passenger accommodation.Controller provides electric energy to TED 112, and TED 112 generates thermal gradient and by heat from the fire end of TED 112 Pass to air duct 54.The mobile liquid coolant in operating fluid loop 30 and radiator loop 90 of pump 55.Radiator Loop 90 and heat controller 93 keep engine 15 to cool down, and this can be independent of temperature control system 102.Actuator 31 can be same When not only opened operating fluid loop 30 but also opened radiator loop 90.Valve 93 can control the fluid flowing through radiator loop 90. Operating fluid loop 30 is in fluid communication with heat exchanger 116 and TED 112.Actuator 32 is connected operating fluid loop 30 and is returned with heat Road 37, to lead back engine 15 during heating mode.In certain embodiments, low temperature core 40 is to be not required to during heating mode Want, this is because the air stream entering passenger accommodation is just heated.Therefore, actuator 32 cuts out liquid coolant flow direction auxiliary heat Exchanger or low temperature core 40.

Also as discussed herein, when engine stops in micro-hybrid or hybrid power system, engine 13 Will the cooling when stopping.Cool down with engine 13, liquid coolant temperature can accordingly decline.Stop cold heating mode and/ Or in stopping heating mode, when the temperature drop of engine 13 e insufficient to heat passenger accommodation, heat is provided to passenger accommodation.Control Device processed provides electric energy to TED 112, and TED 112 generates thermal gradient and from the fire end of TED 112, heat is passed to air duct 54.Pump in the liquid coolant in operating fluid loop 30 and hot loop 141 is by engine 13 (not shown) is (for example, Electrodynamic pump) it is moved through described loop.Liquid coolant in operating fluid loop 30 and hot loop 141 passes through starting Pump in machine 13 (not shown) is moved through described loop.In alternative embodiments, pump may be located at the outside of engine 13. Valve 145 is opened, and operating fluid loop 30 is in fluid communication with TED 112 via hot loop 131 and 141, and this is via heat Loop 21 will be thermally coupled with engine 13 for TED 112.During stopping cold heating mode heating mode, valve 125,165 and 36 can To be closed.In certain embodiments, low temperature core 40 stop cold heating mode heating mode during be unwanted, this be because Air stream for entering passenger accommodation is just heated.Therefore, temperature control system 102 can provide longer time section relatively, at this Engine 13 need not be started in time period and heat the air stream in micro-hybrid or hybrid power system.Not by TED In the case that 112 provide heating, for example, when engine 13 does not need otherwise to drive vehicle, engine 13 may need To be activated to heat the purpose of passenger accommodation.

When Figure 26 B is shown in engine 15 stopping, in the heating mode for micro-hybrid or hybrid power system Simplify control schematic diagram alternate embodiment.When for example stopping cold heating mode, stop heating mode and/or stop warm plus When keeping engine 15 to cool down unnecessary during heat pattern, can be restricted by the fluid of radiator loop 90.When engine exists When being stopped in micro-hybrid or motor vehicle driven by mixed power, valve 93 can be turned off to restriction coolant flow and cross hot loop 93.? During engine stop, flow through radiator 17 by stoping cooling agent, residual heat can be slowed down to the loss of environment.Controller to TED 112 provides electric energy, and TED 112 generates thermal gradient and from the fire end of TED 112, heat is passed to air duct 54.Pump 55 (for example, electrodynamic pump) mobile liquid coolant in operating fluid loop 30 and radiator loop 90.Actuator 31 can be beaten Open operating fluid loop 30.Operating fluid loop 30 is in fluid communication with heat exchanger 116 and TED 112.Actuator 32 connects work Make fluid circuit 30 and hot loop 37, operating fluid loop 30 is introduced back engine 15 to absorb engine 15 He during heating The residual heat of cooling agent.When engine 15 stops, the residual heat with engine 15 and cooling agent declines, and TED 112 is permissible Continue to transmit heat from the fire end of TED 112 to air duct, to allow engine 15 to keep stopping the relatively longer time period.

Heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 are disposed in HVAC system 62.In this way, by thermoelectric device 112 The heat energy being delivered to the air stream entering passenger accommodation is delivered to the cooling agent with engine 15 thermal communication.When engine 15 just During preheating, TED 112 can be the exclusive source of the heat energy of air stream or the almost all source entering passenger accommodation.In engine 15 when still just preheating, and little or no heat energy is removed from engine 15, even if liquid coolant direct circulation is passed through to include heat to hand over Parallel operation 116 and the hot loop of engine 15.

In certain embodiments, TED 116 a part of can be heat exchanger 112 a part, this simplifies further System 102.In some this kind of embodiments, temperature control system 102 can be by running one or more actuators, bypass Valve 31 and/or one or more selector valve 32 switch between heating mode and refrigerating mode.In some this kind of embodiments In, temperature control system 102 is configured and is switched between heating and refrigerating mode using two or less individual actuator.Bypass valve 31 can control whether operating fluid loop 30 is bypassed.Whether selector valve 32 (together with valve 31) can control liquid coolant Thermally contact with engine 15 or whether liquid coolant is thermally contacted with secondary unit 40.

Once engine is warm enough, it is used for the cooling in heated working fluid loop 30 from the heat energy of engine 15 Agent.When engine 15 provides hot enough to cooling agent, heat exchanger 116 pass through by heat energy from operating fluid loop 30 plus After heat, cooling agent passes to air stream and also begins to heat the air stream in passage 54.Therefore, once engine 15 warms, entrance is taken advantage of The air stream of guest room receives heat energy from both engine 13 and TED 112.In an embodiment, become completely to engine 15 from starting When warm, cooling agent can flow through both heat exchanger 116 and TED 112.During starting, heat exchanger 116 is not to air stream There is provided any heat energy, this is because engine 15 and the cooling agent therefore flowing through heat exchanger 116 are relatively cool.Once starting Machine 15 warms, and engine 15 can be via operating fluid loop 30 and heat exchanger 116 with air duct 19 thermal communication only One thermal source.Controller can also stop being supplied to the electric energy of TED112 completely, even if cooling agent continues to flow through TED 112.When send out In sufficient temp, TED 112 can be switched off motivation 15, and put on the electric energy of TED 12 and can be saved.At some In embodiment, controller can continue to supply suitable electric energy to provide supplementary heating to TED 112.

Figure 27 illustrates the alternate embodiment with simplify control schematic diagram.Figure 27 is shown in and can also be referred to as " cooling mould The embodiment of the temperature control system 102 in the second mode of formula ".This pattern can be used for routine micro-hybrid or In motor vehicle driven by mixed power.Cooled down in this mode by as described herein, engine 13 there is no need to cool down passenger accommodation.One In a little embodiments, when engine 13 is in refrigerating mode, engine 13 keeps stopping or can keep stopping longer period. The cooling that the disclosed embodiments can replace or supplement is provided by motor compressor system such as in motor vehicle driven by mixed power.? In refrigerating mode, by transmitting heat via TED 112 from air flow low temperature core 40, in system 102 cooling HVAC system 62 Air stream.Actuator 31 selectively closes off cooling agent and flows through operating fluid loop 30 to heat exchanger 116.Radiator loop 90 Engine 13 is kept to cool down with heat controller 93 via pump 55, this can be independent of system 102.Pump 53 is engaged to allow cooling Cooling circuit 50 is flow through in agent, thus the heat energy from TED 112 is passed to low temperature core 40.Low temperature core or secondary unit 40 It is configured supplement heat rejecter air stream.As a part for system 102, fin loop or cooling circuit 50 be configured to so that TED 112 and low temperature core 40 thermal communication.In this configuration, engine 15 by cooling agent system bypass and not with heat exchanger 116 or TED 112 thermal communications.Therefore, cooling circuit 50 and secondary unit 40 transmit in an efficient way from TED's 112 Heat.

TED 112 receives electric energy using with polarity opposite polarity used in heating mode.Electricity when opposite polarity When can be applied in TED 112, the direction of thermal gradient is inverted.Replace hot or hot to the air stream offer of passenger's air duct 19 Can, TED 112 is by passing to cooling circuit 50 come cooling air stream, cooling circuit 50 and auxiliary by the heat energy from air stream Heat exchanger 40 thermal communication.Cooling circuit 50 and secondary unit 40 can be positioned proximate thermoelectric device 112, to provide more Effectively heat energy transmission.Preferably, low temperature core or secondary unit 40 are exposed to air stream or the another kind for radiating Source.Although air stream can through evaporimeter 58, evaporator system (that is, cooling cycle system) can be deactivated so that Evaporimeter 58 has substantially no effect on the heat energy (for example, evaporimeter does not absorb the heat energy from air stream) of air stream.

In certain embodiments, during refrigerating mode, evaporimeter 58 can comfort air enter passenger accommodation before quilt For at least partially or fully cooling down comfort air.For example as, in some embodiments of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, evaporimeter 58 can To be the part based on the refrigeration system of compressor with motor compressor.Evaporimeter 58 can be configured to so that air Flow through pervaporation device 58 and remove moisture before air stream reaches TED 112.And, TED 112 can be arranged on multiple In one of passage 52,54 passage.Combination gates 56 can be configured optionally guiding air stream and enter setting TED wherein In 112 passage 54 or guiding comfort air enters and bypasses in the passage 52 of TED 112.Similar to heating mode, in cooling mould In formula, combination gates 56 can be allowed through passage 52,54 regulation cooldown rate by adjusting how many air streams.Alternately, TED 112 can be configured in not using transmission in the case of autonomous channel from the heat of whole air stream.Therefore, TED 112 can provide supplementary cooling by absorbing heat energy together with the evaporimeter 58 absorbing the heat energy being derived from air stream.

In certain embodiments, thermal storage 123 is coupled to HVAC system 102.As shown in figure 27, thermal storage 123 parts that can be coupled to evaporimeter 58 or evaporimeter 58.In the case of lightweight evaporimeter, thermal storage 123 can be placed on Anywhere along HVAC system 101, such as in evaporimeter 58, heat exchanger 116 and/or TED 112 Upstream or downstream.Thermal storage 123 can be arranged in first or second channel 52,54, so that as discussed herein Different arrangements are provided during refrigerating mode.In certain embodiments, just running and to based on compression in explosive motor When the refrigeration system of machine provides energy, the refrigeration system based on compressor can be used for thermal energy storage in thermal storage 123.When explosive motor stopping as described herein, the heat energy in thermal energy storage device 123 can be used to provide for longer The cooling of time period and engine need not be started.In certain embodiments, same principle can apply to during heating mode Using thermal storage 123, to provide longer engine stop time.

In the embodiment of Figure 26 A-26B and Figure 27, HVAC system 62 can include combination gates 56 or be configured air Stream is directed to other devices of the different passages 52,54 guiding passenger accommodation into.In these embodiments, combination gates 56 and heat exchange The position of device 116 and TED 112 can be configured with being set for described by the embodiment with above figure 21-25, for changing Heating or cooling rates.Further, evaporimeter 58 and demisting can also be as Figure 21-25 above during pattern is heated or cooled Embodiment described by be equally configured.

Figure 28 A illustrates the example embodiment of HVAC system 62.HVAC system 62 includes passenger's air duct 19, air pump 57th, evaporimeter 58, heat exchanger 116 and TED 112.Blower fan 57 as indicated by air flow arrow 118 to be aspirated through passenger empty The air stream 118 of gas passage 19.In an embodiment, air stream 118 pass through windshield, above and/or under air vent through pervaporation Device 58, then passes through heat exchanger 116, and reaches passenger accommodation eventually through TED 112.Passenger's air duct 19, evaporimeter 58, Heat exchanger 116 and TED 112 can be as with regard to as described in Fig. 2-31C illustrated embodiments and other enforcements as herein described Example equally works.

Figure 28 B illustrates to be used for the thermoelectric device 112 with liquid to air TED112 of any of the above described embodiments Example embodiment.Above-described embodiment of Figure 28 A has four liquid to air TED unit 112, and described TED unit 112 is permissible Transferring heat energy between working fluid 122 and comfort air 118 alone or in combination.Figure 28 B illustrates certain of example TED unit 112 The partial cutaway perspective view of a little function element.In certain embodiments, system controller is via electrical connection 117 to TED 112 Supply the electric energy of the first polarity.Liquid coolant 122 enters TED 112 via coolant circuit interface 141.TED 112 includes For transporting capillary or the pipeline 119 with the liquid coolant 122 of the basic thermal communication of thermoelectric element 114, described thermoelectric element It is disposed between capillary or pipeline 119 and one or more air side heat exchanger 113.It is to add depending on TED 112 Heat or cooling air stream 118, thermoelectric element 114 removes heat energy or by energy deposition cooling agent from cooling agent.

In some heating modes construction, thermoelectric element 114 is via coolant circuit interface 141 by the heat of liquid coolant Can be pumped in comfort air 118., via the electric energy of electrical connection 117 reception the first polarity, this is in thermoelectric element for TED 112 The direction of the heat energy transmission promoting comfort air 118 heating is produced in 114.Heat Conduction Material 115 can flow through capillary or pipe Heat energy is transported between the liquid coolant in road 119 and thermoelectric element 114.Thermoelectric element 114 can be arranged on Heat Conduction Material 115 One or both sides on.Thermoelectric element 114 pumps heat energy, air side between Heat Conduction Material 115 and air side heat exchanger 113 Heat exchanger 113 can also be on the one or both sides of Heat Conduction Material 115.Air side heat exchanger 113 can include handing in heat Parallel operation 113 surrounding flow and/or flow through the fin for transferring thermal energy to comfort air 118 of heat exchanger 113 or its His suitable structure.

In some refrigerating modes construction, heat energy is pumped into liquid coolant from comfort air 118 by thermoelectric element 114 In 122.TED 112 receives and the first opposite polarity second polarity used in heating mode via electrical connection 117 Electric energy, this produces the direction of the heat energy transmission promoting comfort air 118 cooling in thermoelectric element 114.Air side heat exchanger Comfort air 118 is positioned to the basic thermal communication with the first surface of thermoelectric element 114 by 113.Heat energy is pumped by thermoelectric element 114 To in Heat Conduction Material 115.Liquid coolant 122 is positioned to substantially hot with the second surface of thermoelectric element 114 by Heat Conduction Material 115 Connection, thus permit heat energy to be prepared to enter into liquid coolant 122.Liquid coolant after heating can connect via coolant circuit Mouth 141 is transported away from TED 112.

Figure 29 illustrates possible carriage heating unit output temperature to can be used in the vehicle have Diesel engine The curve map of a period of time of some temperature control system embodiments.The baseline that this curve map is shown in 30 minutes sections is empty Gas temperature profile 501, electric positive temperature coefficient (PTC) the heater air themperature profile 502 in 30 minutes sections and TED air themperature profile 503 in 30 minutes sections.Baseline 501 illustrates that when engine be only having via coolant circuit During thermal source, possible air themperature trend curve.For baseline profile 501, in cabin air through being connected to the heat of engine When exchanger passes through coolant circuit, cabin air is heated.PTC profile 502 illustrates to pass through coolant circuit when cabin air When heat exchanger and 1KW ptc heater are heated, possible air themperature trend curve.TED profile 503 illustrates to work as compartment Air pass through coolant loop heat exchanger and have 650W power supply liquid arrive air TED heated when, possible air Temperature trend curve.The heat being provided by TED can partly be derived from electric energy and be derived from coolant circuit to the conversion of heat energy and part.

As shown in the curve of Figure 29, baseline 501 air compartment temperature is not only unable to reach identical air compartment temperature forever Degree, and there is temperature more shallow uptrend (uptrend) in time.More shallow uptrend means interior cabin temperature with slower speed Rate rises.Compared with baseline 501, the PTC curve 502 of resistance heater has steeper temperature uptrend, and reaches higher Final temperature.This is favourable for quickly realizing comfortable coach environment.This curve map also illustrates that works as and PTC curve 502 when comparing, and TED curve 503 has the temperature rising steepness being almost equal to and almost identical final temperature.However, working as When compared with resistance heater, less power consumption can be caused using TED.Therefore, by using as vehicle HVAC system The TED contrast resistance heater of a part, it is possible to achieve essentially identical cabin air temperature is advanced the speed and final temperature, Require less electric energy simultaneously.

Figure 30 A- Figure 30 C and Figure 31 A- Figure 31 C be shown in during engine start and engine starting/stopping engine with The schematic diagram that during the different Warm status of time, the embodiment of the temperature control system in heating, cooling and defogging mode is run. The heating of the given state of engine and temperature control system, cooling or defogging mode are considered and operate in as this paper institute The different mode (for example, start heating mode and stop cold heating mode) stated.Described schematic diagram is that run duration is not shown Approximately the illustrating of the actual engagement of HVAC portion part and turn-off time section.Level run line represent discussed HVAC portion part or What general part (that is, absorbing the part of heat energy to air stream or air-flow transferring heat energy or from air stream or air-flow) ran open or Closed mode.Run line rising can indicate as discussed in this article run part switch (for example, part be unlocked, It is engaged and/or has stored heat energy).The decline running line can also indicate that as in the switch running part discussed in this article (for example, part is closed, is disconnected and/or has consumed heat energy).Flat or straight level run can represent the substantially permanent of part Fixed operation.The operation being discussed herein can apply to conventional vehicles, micro-hybrid vehicle, motor vehicle driven by mixed power and/or plug-in Formula vehicle.For example, for the motor vehicle driven by mixed power not having motor compressor and plug-in hybrid vehicle, be discussed herein sends out Engine start is out of service will to be applied to hybrid power and plug-in hybrid vehicle (and conventional and micro-hybrid car ) Typical start out of service.

Figure 30 A be shown in run in heating mode during engine start temperature control system (for example, vehicle not by Drive and engine is started under cold state).During the heating mode of Figure 30 A, evaporimeter 58 off-duty and/or permissible As instruction, evaporimeter 58 not engaged operation is bypassed (for example, evaporimeter not absorption air shown in line 3018 during heating The heat energy of stream).In the heating mode in Figure 30 A, just preheating in engine and remaining cold, cold engine state 3010 When, for example, as described herein, specifically referring to Figure 21 and by running shown in line 3020, heat exchanger 116 is disconnected with engine thermal. When engine starts first, it does not generate enough to increase the hot enough of passenger's indoor temperature.Vehicle motor can spend number Minute or more time are preheating to the temperature providing needed for comfort air to passenger accommodation.TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), To generate thermal gradient and by the fire end heat transfer from TED 112 to air stream.As shown in the operation line 3024a in Figure 30 A, TED 112 can be the exclusive source of the heat energy of air stream entering passenger accommodation during state 3010.If temperature control system System is equipped with heating thermoelectricity storage device (TSD) 123a that can store heat energy to heat air stream and (for example, is thermally connected to heat Exchanger 116 or as heat exchanger 116 a part TSD), TSD 123a be initially cold and as run line 3022a Indicated, (because engine is cold) TSD 123a does not store heat energy or the minimum heat energy of storage.

Still just preheat in engine, but when not being cold, warm-up the engine state 3012, such as join herein and especially Discussed according to Figure 21, can be used for heating the cooling agent in operating fluid loop from the heat energy of engine.Figure 30 A's In state 3012 during heating mode, engine has reached can provide some heat to air stream, but is not enough to warm up use Preheating temperature in the exclusive source of the heat energy of system.However, after initial start, the air stream entering passenger accommodation can be from sending out Both motivation and TED 112 receive heat energy.As run indicated by the step change in line 3020, engine is placed in be handed over heat Parallel operation 116 thermal communication, to heat air stream, discusses as herein and referring in particular to Figure 22.Meanwhile, more heat energy can To be delivered to air stream using TED 112, with the supplementary heat energy giving via heat exchanger 116 from engine.Therefore, TED 112 can remain engaged with, as in state 3012 by run line 3024a indicated by.Further, TSD 123a is with starting Machine preheating starts to store heat energy, as run shown in line 3022a by being inclined upwardly in state 3012.

When engine is preheated, warms up engine condition 3014, during the heating mode of Figure 30 A, engine heat energy Can be used for heating the cooling agent in operating fluid loop.In state 3014, engine reached sufficient temp and Could be for the exclusive source of the heat energy of system, as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 23.As run line Indicated by 3020, heat exchanger 116 can become the unique thermal source for the air stream in air duct.TED 112 is permissible It is disconnected, is no longer heat up air stream, such as run indicated by the stepping decline in line 3024a.In certain embodiments, TED 112 can remain engaged with and provide supplementary heating, run indicated by line 3024b as empty.By engine prewarming, TSD 123a The heat energy of other heating modes can be used for its capacity or almost its capacity storage, as discussed herein and as in state 3014 In shown in the operation line 3022a that evens up.

Figure 30 B operates in the temperature control system in refrigerating mode during being shown in engine start.In the refrigerating mode phase Between, evaporimeter 58 is just running and engaged shown in line 3018 (for example, evaporimeter 58 is just absorbing the heat from air stream as run Can).In the refrigerating mode of Figure 30 B, heat exchanger 116 can be disconnected with engine thermal, for example described herein and specifically join According to (for example, in refrigerating mode, heat exchanger 116 is bypassed) described in Figure 24 and shown in operation line 3020.For example in passenger Room is initially during heat (for example, in hot sky), when engine is just started in state 3010 it may be necessary to supplement is cold But.TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), to generate thermal gradient and by the heat transfer of the air stream from TED 112 to TED 112 colling end, as run shown by line 3024a.If temperature control system is equipped with can store heat energy to cool down Cooling thermoelectricity storage device (TSD) 123b of air stream (for example, is connected to evaporimeter 58 or the part as evaporimeter 58 TSD), TSD123b is initially at environment temperature, but starts in engine start to store heat energy, and evaporimeter 58 runs and opening Cooling capacity is almost provided when dynamic at once.In cold engine state 3010, TSD123b can start to store cooling capacity, such as to Indicated by upper slant operation line 3022b.

During the refrigerating mode of Figure 30 B, but still just preheating not cold, warm-up the engine state 3012 in engine When, heat exchanger 116 remains open to be not added with stream of hot air, as run shown in line 3020.In warm-up the engine state 3012, After engine initial start, the air stream entering passenger accommodation can be only cooled by evaporimeter 58；In state 3012 Run line 3018 and illustrate that evaporimeter 58 remains engaged with.As indicated by run the stepping in line 3024a and decline, to TED's 112 Power supply can be disconnected, and TED 112 stops cooling air stream.However, it may be desirable to supplement cools down and TED 112 is permissible Continue to electric energy (electric current) with to air stream provide cooling, as described herein and referring in particular to Figure 24 discussed and as transport Shown in line 3024b.Further, TSD 123b can be used for other refrigerating modes with its capacity or almost its capacity storage Cooling capacity, as discussed herein and as shown in the operation line 3022b evening up in state 3012.

During the refrigerating mode of Figure 30 B, when engine is preheated, warms up engine condition 3014, heat exchanger 116 Remain open to be not added with stream of hot air, as run shown in line 3020.In state 3014, the air stream entering passenger accommodation can be only Cooled down by evaporimeter 58；Operation line 3018 in state 3014 illustrates that evaporimeter 58 remains engaged with.As run line Indicated by 3024a, the power supply to TED 112 remains open, and TED 112 not cooling air stream.However, it may be desirable to mend Fill cooling and TED 112 can continue to electric energy (electric current) to provide cooling to air stream, as described herein and concrete With reference to Figure 24 discussed and as operation line 3024b indicated by.Further, TSD 123b can with its capacity or almost its Capacity storage is used for the cooling capacity of other refrigerating modes, the operation line evened up in state 3012 as discussed herein and such as Shown in 3022b.

Figure 30 C operates in the temperature control system in defogging mode during being shown in engine start.Demisting in Figure 30 C During pattern, evaporimeter 58 as run line 3018 shown in run and joint (for example, evaporimeter 58 is just absorbing the heat from air stream Can).When engine is just preheating and remains cold, cold engine state 3010, heat exchanger 116 is broken with engine thermal Open, for example described herein and referring in particular to described in Figure 21 and by run line 3020 illustrate.When engine 15 is started first When, it does not generate enough to increase the hot enough of airflow temperature.TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current) to generate thermal gradient simultaneously By the fire end heat transfer from TED 112 to air stream.As shown in be used for the operation line 3024a of defogging mode in Figure 30 C, TED 112 can be the exclusive source of the heat of air stream entering passenger accommodation in state 3010.If temperature control system quilt It is equipped with storing heat energy to heat heating thermoelectricity storage device (TSD) 123a of air stream (for example, with heat exchanger 116 The TSD of a thermally coupled or part as heat exchanger 116), TSD 123a is initially cold and does not store or store minimum Heat energy (because engine is cold), as run indicated by line 3022a.If temperature control system is equipped with can store Heat energy (for example, is connected to evaporimeter 58 or as evaporimeter 58 with cooling thermoelectricity storage device (TSD) 123b of cooling air stream A part TSD), TSD 123b is initially at environment temperature, but start in engine start store cooling capacity, evaporation Device 58 almost runs at once in engine start and provides cooling capacity.In cold engine state 3010, TSD 123b is permissible Start to store cooling capacity, run indicated by line 3022b as being inclined upwardly.

Still just preheating but in not cold, warm-up the engine state 3012 in engine, from the heat energy of engine Can be used for heating the cooling agent in operating fluid loop.In state 3012, engine has reached can be to air stream Some heat are provided, but not warm up the preheating temperature of the exclusive source of the heat energy as system.However, after initial start, The air stream entering passenger accommodation can receive heat energy from both engine and TED 112.As run the step change in line 3020 Indicated, engine is placed in heat exchanger 116 thermal communication to heat air stream, as described herein and referring in particular to figure 22 are discussed.Meanwhile, with air by heated after the evaporimeter 58 in the defogging mode of Figure 30 C cools down, more heat Can be delivered to air stream using TED 112 and supplement the heat passing to air stream via heat exchanger 116 from engine Energy.Therefore, TED 112 can remain engaged with shown in line 3024a as run.Heating TSD 123a starts to deposit with engine prewarming Heat accumulation energy, as in state 3012 by tiltedly run shown in line 3022a.Cooling TSD 123b can be with its capacity or almost it is complete Portion's capacity storage is used for the cooling capacity in other refrigerating modes, as discussed herein and pass through the fortune evened up in state 3012 Shown in line 3022b.

When engine is preheated, warms up engine mode 3014, heating can be used for from the heat energy of engine and exist The cooling agent in operating fluid loop in the defogging mode of Figure 30 C.In state 3014, engine has reached for system The sufficient temp of the exclusive source of heat energy, as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 23.As run line 3020 indication Show, heat exchanger 116 can become the unique thermal source for the air stream in air duct.TED 112 can be disconnected with It is no longer heat up air stream, such as run indicated by the stepping decline in line 3024a.In certain embodiments, TED 112 can protect Hold and engage and provide as the empty supplementary heating running indicated by line 3034b.In engine warm, heating TSD 123a can be with it Capacity or almost its all told store for the heat energy in other heating modes, as discussed herein and by state 3014 In shown in the operation line 3022a that evens up.Cooling TSD 123b can be stored for other with its capacity or almost its all told Cooling capacity in refrigerating mode, as discussed herein and by shown in the operation line 3022b that evens up in state 3014.One In a little embodiments, the demisting process of reference picture 30C description can be referred to as " starting demisting (including state 3010,3012,3014) Pattern ".

During Figure 31 A is shown in engine stop, operate in the temperature control being used for starting/stopping system in heating mode System (the such as engine in micro-hybrid system has run and has been warm, but as described herein be stopped). During the heating mode of Figure 31 A, evaporimeter 58 does not run and/or can be bypassed, and such as indicates evaporimeter 58 during heating Shown in not engaged operation line 3118 (for example, evaporimeter does not absorb the heat energy from air stream).It is warm, warm in engine Under engine (or stopping preheating) pattern 3110, heating can be used in operating fluid loop from the heat energy of engine Cooling agent.In state 3110, even if engine is stopped, engine and cooling agent have continue as system heat energy only Enough residual heats in one source, as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 23.As run indicated by line 3120, heat Exchanger 116 could be for unique thermal source of the air stream in air duct.TED 112 does not receive electric energy (electric current) and not Heating air stream, as run indicated by line 3124a.If necessary to supplementary heating, TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), To generate thermal gradient and by the heat transfer of the fire end from TED 112 to air stream, as run indicated by line 3124b.As Fruit heating TSD 123a is provided, and heat exchanger 116 is still derived from the residual heat energy of engine and cooling agent to air stream transmission, When engine is just running and warms up as run indicated by line 3122a, TSD 123a substantially retains it and stores heat energy one The section time.

But engine (or stopping cooling) state 3112 after being warm (being preheated), cooling has been cooled down when engine When, still can be used for heating cooling agent in operating fluid loop from the heat energy of engine, as described herein and Discussed referring in particular to Figure 21, but engine may be not enough to warm up the exclusive source of the heat energy as system.In Figure 31 A Heating mode in, the heating TSD 123a in state 3112 can be used for air stream the stored heat energy of transmission.TSD The stored heat energy of 123a transmission can gradually occur over time or the particular point in time during state 3112 occurs, and such as has Have indicated by the operation line 3122a of descending slope intermediateness 3112.Logical overcooled engine (and cooling agent) transmission one The heat of a little residuals and the stored heat energy of TSD 123a transmission, air stream can in the case of not using TED 112 quilt Fully heat.Therefore, using TSD 123a, when engine is stopped, it is supplied to the electric energy (electric current) of TED 112 can be prolonged Slow and electric energy (electric current) is saved.However, if it is desired to supplementary heating, TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), with to sky Air-flow transferring heat energy, as run indicated by line 3124b.

When engine has cooled down and is now arranged in cold, cold engine (or stopping cooling) state 3114, heat is even The heat exchanger 116 being connected to engine is bypassed, for example described herein and referring in particular to described in Figure 21 and by run line 3120 illustrate.The air stream entering passenger accommodation still can receive some heat energy from TSD 123a；However, TSD 123a does not have As enough energy of the exclusive source of air stream, as indicated by the operation line 3122a evening up after decline in state 3114 's.TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), to generate thermal gradient and by the heat transfer of the fire end from TED 112 to sky Air-flow.As shown in the operation line 3124a in Figure 31 A, TED 112 can become entrance passenger during state 3114 over time The exclusive source of the heat energy of the air stream of room is (for example, from the residual heat of engine (and cooling agent) with from TSD 123a's Stored heat dissipates).After pattern 3114, engine is cold as the system transforming to cold engine state 3116 pattern. In pattern 3116, cold engine is started again.Temperature control system equally can be run as described herein the same and have It is used for when cold engine is started and expects heating described in body reference picture 30A.

During Figure 31 B is shown in engine stop, operate in the temperature control being used for starting/stopping system in refrigerating mode System (for example, engine has for example been currently running in micro-hybrid system and has been warm, but as discussed herein It is stopped).During the refrigerating mode in the state 3110 of Figure 31 B, evaporimeter 58 is just running and quilt shown in line 3118 as run Engage (for example, evaporimeter 58 is just absorbing the heat energy from air stream).Even if engine is in warm engine (or stopping preheating) mould It is closed in formula 3110, evaporimeter 58 and cooling agent can have when engine is just running and runs for example based on compressor Some residual cooling capacities during refrigeration system.Heat exchanger 116 can be disconnected with engine thermal, for example described herein and have Body is with reference to (for example, in refrigerating mode, heat exchanger 116 is bypassed) described in Figure 24 and as run shown in line 3120.As run Indicated by line 3124a, when evaporimeter 58 is when providing cooling enough, the electric power to TED 112 can be disconnected and TED 112 not cooling air streams.However, it may be desirable to supplement cools down and TED 112 can receive the electricity providing cooling to air stream Can (electric current), as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 24 and as operation line 3124b shown in.If cooling TSD 123b It is provided, still with residual cooling capacity cooling air stream, TSD 123b retains and just transported when evaporimeter 58 evaporimeter 58 substantially Storage heat energy during row, as run indicated by line 3122b.

During the refrigerating mode of Figure 31 B, when engine has cooled down but sending out after remaining warm (being preheated), cooling During motivation (or stopping cooling) state 3112, heat exchanger 116 remains open and is not added with stream of hot air, as run line 3120 institute Show.As described herein, evaporimeter 58 and cooling agent have consumed its residual cooling capacity and have been disconnected or bypass, and such as run line 3118 In stepping decline indicated.Cooling TSD 123b in state 3112 can be used for being stored to air stream transmission Cooling capacity.TSD 123b the stored heat energy of transmission can gradually occur or during specific during state 3112 over time Between point occur, as indicated by the operation line 3122b with descending slope intermediateness 3112.Initially, TSD 123b is permissible Have and do not need the enough storage cooling capacities with regard to energy cooling air stream using TED 112.Therefore, using cooling TSD 123a, when engine is stopped, is supplied to that the electric energy (electric current) of TED 112 can be delayed by and electric energy (electric current) is protected Deposit.Storage cooling capacity with TSD 123b is consumed, and TED 112 can be engaged to provide the cooling level needing. TED112 can receive electric energy (electric current) with to air stream transferring heat energy, as run indicated by line 3124a.Supply to TED 112 Electricity can occur any time in pattern 3112, such as has the operation line 3124a indication of step change middle model 3112 Show.

During the refrigerating mode of Figure 31 B, but it is that cold, cold engine (or stops cold now when engine has cooled down But) during state 3114, heat exchanger 116 can remain open, as run shown in line 3120.In evaporimeter 58 and TSD 123b not When (from storage cooling capacity or otherwise) provides cooling again, TED 112 can receive the electricity providing cooling to air stream Can (electric current), as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 24 and as operation line 3124a indicated by.In some embodiments In, TED 112 can become the exclusive source of the cooling being used for air stream in pattern 3114.In pattern 3116, cold start Machine is started again.Temperature control system can similarly be run for described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 30 B When cold engine is started and wishes cooling.

During Figure 31 C is shown in engine stop, operate in the temperature control being used for starting/stopping system in defogging mode (such as engine has run in micro-hybrid system and has been warm system, but is stopped as discussed herein Only).During the defogging mode in the state 3110 of Figure 31 C, evaporimeter 58 is just running shown in line 3118 and engaged as run (for example, evaporimeter 58 is just absorbing the heat energy from air stream).Even if engine is in warm engine (or stopping preheating) pattern It is closed in 3110, evaporimeter 58 and cooling agent can have when engine is just running and runs the system for example based on compressor Some residual cooling capacities during cooling system.In the pattern 3110 that engine is warm, from engine heat energy can by with In cooling agent in operating fluid loop for the heating.In state 3110, even if engine is stopped, engine and cooling agent have There are enough residual heats of the exclusive source continuing the heat energy as system, as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 23 's.As run indicated by line 3120, heat exchanger 116 could be for unique thermal source of the air stream in air duct.As Fruit requires supplementation with heating to provide the necessary level of demisting, and TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), to generate thermal gradient and to incite somebody to action From TED 112 fire end heat transfer to air stream, as run indicated by line 3124b.If heating TSD 123a quilt There is provided, heat exchanger 116 is still derived from the residual heat energy of engine and cooling agent to air stream transmission, when engine is just running simultaneously And when warm as run indicated by line 3122a, TSD 123a retains its storage heat energy for a period of time substantially.If cooling TSD 123b is provided, and, still with remaining cooling capacity cooling air stream, TSD 123b retains substantially for evaporimeter 58 and cooling agent The heat energy being stored when evaporimeter 58 is just run, as run indicated by line 3122b.

As discussed herein, but when engine cooled down remain warm (being preheated), cooling after engine (or Stop cooling) state 3112 when, evaporimeter 58 and cooling agent have consumed its residual cooling capacity and have been disconnected or bypass, and such as transport Stepping in line 3118 declines indicated.Cooling TSD 123b in state 3112 can be used for transmitting to air stream The cooling capacity being stored.The stored heat energy of TSD 123b transmission can gradually occur or during state 3112 over time Particular point in time occur, as indicated by the operation line 3122b with descending slope intermediateness 3112.Initially, TSD 123b has the enough storage cooling capacities not needing using TED 112, energy cooling air stream to be provided to demisting.In demisting mould During formula 3112, the heat energy from engine still can be used for heating the cooling agent in operating fluid loop, such as herein Described and discussed referring in particular to Figure 21, but engine is not enough to warm up the exclusive source of the heat energy as system.? Heating TSD 123a in state 3112 can be used for the stored heat energy of air stream transmission.TSD 123a transmission is stored Heat energy can gradually occur over time or the particular point in time during state 3112 occurs, such as have in the middle of descending slope Indicated by the operation line 3122a of state 3112.Logical overcooled engine (and cooling agent) transmit some residuals heat and The stored heat energy of TSD 123a transmission, air stream can be sufficiently heated in the case of not using TED 112.Therefore, Using TSD123a, when engine is stopped, it is supplied to the electric energy (electric current) of TED 112 can be delayed by and electric energy (electricity Stream) it is saved.However, if it is desired to supplementary heating, TED 112 can receive electric energy (electric current), with to air stream transferring heat energy, As run indicated by line 3124b.The storage heating capacity of the storage cooling capacity with TSD 123b and TSD 123a is disappeared Consumption, TED 112 can be engaged to provide the cooling needing or heat levels.In certain embodiments, TED 112 can receive To the electric energy (electric current) of air stream transferring heat energy, as described herein and discussed referring in particular to Figure 21.In some embodiments In, TED 112 can receive the electric energy (electric current) of the opposite polarity from absorbed heat energy, as described herein and specifically join Discussed according to Figure 24.During the defogging mode of Figure 30 C, TED 112 cooling can be by temperature control system or heat air System controller according to system specified operating point need what realize demisting and TED 112 position in the air passageway Lai Determine.For example, during state 3112, cooling TSD 123b or heating TSD 123a can have more storage thermal capacitances Measure, and TED 112 can be powered, to compensate more any deficiencies being sufficiently consumed storage thermal capacity.Supply to TED 112 Electricity can occur any time in state 3112, as shown in the stepping rising running line 3124a intermediateness 3112.

When engine has cooled down and is now cold, cold engine (or stopping cooling) state 3114, temperature control System can be continued by the remaining thermal capacity that TSD123a, 123b exhaust them as discussed herein during state 3112 Run some times.In certain embodiments, when TSD has exhausted the thermal capacity that they are stored, two TED can be as herein The diverse location being arranged in air duct being discussed is to provide demisting.For example, a TED can enter sky with air stream Gas passage cools down (drying) air stream.2nd TED can heat air stream to realize demisting with air stream through air duct.? In pattern 3116, cold engine is started again.Temperature control system can similarly be run for described herein and concrete Reference picture 30C discussed when cold engine is started and is expected demisting.

By referring to entire disclosure, " some embodiments " or " some embodiments " or " embodiment " refers to combine and is wrapped Include special characteristic described by embodiment at least some embodiments, structure or characteristic.Therefore, occur in entire disclosure Each local phrase " in certain embodiments " or " in an embodiment " be not necessarily all referring to identical embodiment, and It is to also refer to one or more identical or different embodiments.And, according to the disclosure, described special characteristic, structure Or characteristic can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner, this is for those skilled in the art For be obvious.

For illustrative purposes, some embodiments are to vehicle, aircraft, train, bus, truck, mixing Power car, the passenger accommodation of any other carrying tool of electric vehicle, steamer or people or article provide the background of comfort air Under be described.It should be appreciated that presently disclosed embodiment is not limited to the specific background being described or setting, and At least some embodiment can be used for providing comfort air to family, office, industrial space and other buildings or space. It is also understood that at least some embodiment can be used for temperature-controlled fluid can be advantageously used in such as management equipment In other backgrounds of temperature.

As used in this application, term " inclusion ", "comprising", " having " etc. are synonymous and in an open-ended fashion By inclusively using it is not excluded that additional element, feature, action, operation etc..And, term "or" is with containing that it comprises Justice is used (rather than the implication with its exclusiveness), so that when for example binding member inventory uses for it, term "or" is meaned One of inventory, some or all elements.

Similarly it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of embodiment, understand one or more to simplify the disclosure and helping The purpose of multiple difference inventive aspects, each feature is sometimes combined in single embodiment, accompanying drawing or description together.So And, this method of the disclosure is not interpreted as reflecting a kind of intention, and that is, any claim needs ratio in claim The more feature of middle feature be expressly recited.But, the aspect of invention is the institute than any single aforementioned open embodiment There is the combination that feature is less.

Although proposed invention is open under the background of some preferred embodiments and example, this area In it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the present invention from specifically disclosed embodiment extend to cover the present invention other alternate embodiments And/or use and its obvious change and Equivalent embodiments.It is to be appreciated, therefore, that the scope of invention disclosed herein is not Should be limited by above-mentioned specific embodiment.

Claims

1. during a kind of explosive motor in vehicle stops, for heat, cool down and/or demisting vehicle passenger accommodation temperature Control system, described system includes：

Engine coolant loop, it includes being configured in wherein conveying the engine cylinder-body coolant conduit of cooling agent, wherein Described engine cylinder body canal and the described explosive motor thermal communication of described vehicle；

Heater core, its be disposed in the comfort air passage of described vehicle and with described engine cylinder-body coolant conduit stream Body connects；

Thermoelectric device, it has useless surface and first type surface；

Supplement heat exchanger, it is disposed in described comfort air passage and is connected with the described first type surface heat of described thermoelectric device Logical；

Waste heat exchanger, it is connected to the described useless surface of described thermoelectric device, and wherein said waste heat exchanger is connected to Comprise the fluid circuit of liquid phase working fluid, and wherein said liquid phase working fluid is in fluid communication with thermal source or fin；With

Controller, it is configured to plurality of operating modes and runs described temperature control system, and wherein said multiple operation mould Formula includes：

Stop heating mode, the waste heat of wherein said explosive motor is configured in electric current and is not provided to described thermoelectric device simultaneously And described explosive motor is when being stopped, heat described comfort air stream；With

Stop cold heating mode, wherein said thermoelectric device is configured in receiving during the electric current with the first polarity supply and described When explosive motor is stopped, by heating described comfort air stream from described useless surface to described first type surface transferring heat energy； And

Wherein in the cold heating mode of described stopping, described explosive motor in the case that described thermoelectric device does not provide heat When described comfort air stream can not be heated to specified comfort temperature, described thermoelectric device provides heat to described comfort air stream.

2. system according to claim 1, wherein when the passenger accommodation of described vehicle is heated to specific compartment temperature, institute State temperature control system and be configured the described explosive motor dwell time of permission in the cold heating mode of described stopping than described The dwell time stopping stopping described explosive motor stopping in heating mode is longer.

3. system according to claim 1, the cold heating mode of wherein said stopping includes described explosive motor and is configured When described thermoelectric device receives the electric current with the first polarity supply, heat described comfort air stream.

4. system according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of operating modes further includes to supplement refrigerating mode, wherein When described thermoelectric device is configured in receiving the electric current with the second polarity supply, by passing towards described useless surface from described master meter Pass heat energy and cool down described comfort air stream.

5. system according to claim 1, it further includes the heat storage being disposed in described comfort air passage Device, described thermal storage is configured storage heat energy and is to described air stream transferring heat energy or from described absorbed heat At least one in energy.

6. system according to claim 5, it further includes the belt drives being arranged in described comfort air passage Refrigeration system expansion core, wherein said thermal storage is connected to described expansion core, and wherein said heat is deposited When storage device is configured in described explosive motor operation, store cold during at least one in refrigerating mode or defogging mode But capacity.

7. system according to claim 6, wherein said plurality of operating modes further includes the first stopping defogging mode, Wherein said thermal storage is configured described from the cooling of described absorbed heat energy by using the cooling capacity being stored Comfort air stream, and described thermoelectric device be configured by receive with first polarity supply electric current when from described useless surface Heat described comfort air stream to described first type surface transferring heat energy.

8. the system according to any one of claim 1-7, wherein when described temperature control system is run, described benefit Fill the downstream that heat exchanger is in described heater core with respect to the direction of the comfort air stream in described comfort air passage.

9. the system according to any one of claim 1-7, the described useless surface of wherein said thermoelectric device with described Engine cylinder-body coolant conduit thermal communication.

10. the system according to any one of claim 1-7, wherein said thermal source is battery, electronic installation, burner At least one of or the exhaust apparatus of described vehicle.