Background technology
Railway freight industry actively pushes forward heavily loaded speed-raising in recent years, to alleviate the deficiency of railway carrying capacity.And railway goods
Car axletree is the most important part of goods train vehicle running gear, subjects deadweight and the load of vehicle, in train operation and
Also subject to impulsive force and brake force during parking, in the state of high speed and heavy duty, stressing conditions are just increasingly complex, while for peace
Consideration on complete, has more strict technical requirements to lorry axletree.Therefore except filling on raw material and heat treatment after forging
Dispensing meaning guarantee is met outside its technical requirements, and on moulding process, lorry axle has to pass through rolling and forges plasticity twice
Deformation process, to reach molding to required form and improve the dual purpose of its mechanical property.
The forging technology of existing lorry axle mainly has two kinds at present:The first is free forging process, and equipment leads to
Conventional hydraulic press, such as axle forging technique original in the industry, or pull-down forging hydraulic press, the flat-die hammer forging technology of early stage
Seldom it is used, this production efficiency is extremely low, labor intensity is very big, is almost eliminated;Second technique is radially forging
(or claiming finish forge) technique is made, equipment generally selects the radial forging of large-sized numerical control, and representational is radial forging finish forge work
Skill.
The defect that existing both technique is present:1) lorry axle is in forging process, it is desirable to operate machine jaw
Should remain concentric and servo-actuated with forging axle, it is ensured that the axletree of forging does not produce bending.The operation machine that original is used is in forging process
Middle no move up and down, therefore produce in produce curved, off-axis quantity more.2) forcing press is old-fashioned three beams, four rod structure, four
Post stress is difficult equilibrium.As " water attack " phenomenon causes the pressure piping of body often to be pulled apart, while also resulting in pipe leakage, need
Emulsion to be supplemented in a large number, in order to maintain continuous production, emergency is supplemented without the tap water of Over emulsfication sometimes, causes hydraulic tube
Road heavy corrosion, and cause leakage and supplement the vicious cycle of tap water.3) due to raw water press to moved cross beam drafts no
Control device, in order to ensure that forging Axial and radial size has to forge Axial and radial size by being closed to guarantee that for upper/lower die in supply,
Forging axle during upper/lower die be frequently closed to guarantee that forging Axial and radial size, forging axle during upper/lower die frequently close and
The fatal problem for causing:When the load born by the moment hydraulic press of mould closure is ultimate load, main frame lower margin pine is caused
Dynamic, body generation is serious to rock, and these problems have had a strong impact on the normal production of axletree.
The present invention is lorry axle roll forging roll forging die design method, after second half section roll forging, then falls
Head carrys out roll forging front half section, and is that this is than not only reducing mould in general roll-forging process with same deputy roller forging mould with the second half section
Tool cost, and play a part of to simplify roll-forging process, and it is improved the bearing capacity at carrying position;Present invention employing side
Material roll forging, solves the deformation for carrying position, changes the structure and structure property for carrying position, strengthens bearing capacity;This
The bright defect for not only overcoming above-mentioned traditional handicraft, also reduces work personnel, easily realizes mechanization production, not only improves work
Efficiency, also saves labour cost.
Due to lorry axle itself the very heavy and length of weight again especially long, carry position and require that bearing capacity is strong
The features such as, the forging technology for lorry axle yet there are no documentation record only with roll-forging process.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the blanking figure before lorry axle roll forging;
Fig. 2 is the blanking section A-A figure before lorry axle roll forging;
Fig. 3 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of first roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Fig. 4 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of first roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Fig. 5 is that lorry axle turns around first roll forging part before roll forging;
Fig. 6 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of the second roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Fig. 7 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of the second roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Fig. 8 is that lorry axle turns around the second roll forging part before roll forging;
Fig. 9 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of the 3rd road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Figure 10 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of the 3rd road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Figure 11 is that lorry axle turns around the 3rd road roll forging part before roll forging;
Figure 12 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of the 4th road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Figure 13 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of the 4th road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;
Figure 14 is that lorry axle turns around the 4th road roll forging part before roll forging;
Figure 15 is that lorry axle turns around first roll forging part after roll forging;
Figure 16 is that lorry axle turns around the second roll forging part after roll forging;
Figure 17 is that lorry axle turns around the 3rd road roll forging part after roll forging;
Figure 18 is that lorry axle turns around the 4th road roll forging part after roll forging;
Specific embodiment
Illustrating as 11 ' and 11 in the present embodiment is the object of symmetrical same size, L '2-1It is right with L2-1
Claim size, L '1-1With L1-1It is symmetrical size etc..
Fig. 1 is the blank size before lorry axle roll forging, as the present invention adopts stock of square roll forging, actually nips
At mouth maximum distortion, 4 selection is more crucial, and this ensures that same deputy roller forging mould is utilized twice, saves mould in roll-forging process
Cost, simultaneously works as simplifying the effect of roll-forging process, and can improve the bearing capacity for carrying position, actually nip in the present invention
At mouth maximum distortion, 4 are selected in blank centre position;Label 5 is the front half section of blank, and forging roll machine before roll forging of turning around
The bare terminal end of tool handss, label 6 is the second half section of blank, and the bare terminal end of forging roll mechanical hand after turning around;Label 5 and mark
Numbers 6 is to be divided into front half section 5 and second half section 6 actually to nip at mouthful maximum distortion 4 as demarcation line.Fig. 2 is cuing open for Fig. 1 section A-A
Face figure, L is the square length of side, and L=300mm.
Fig. 3 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of first roll forging die enabling before roll forging, and the L0 of in figure is forging roller
Centre-to-centre spacing, and L0=1600mm;11 ' is mould in first roll forging, mould under 11 first roll forging;M is upper and lower mould die parting line, and γ is
The angle of roll forging fanlike die block, and γ=115 °;α1And β1It is first effective deformation angle;Wherein angle [alpha]1=25.6 °, α1
Corresponding length is L in Figure 51-1, and L1-1=309.6mm;Angle beta1=18.2 °, β1Corresponding length is L in Figure 52-1,
And L2-1=227mm;L in Figure 53-1It is the end of roll forging part, and L3-1=115.2mm.
Fig. 4 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of first roll forging die enabling before roll forging, and L1 and L4 is seam chi
Very little, L1=L4=1320mm;L3 is roller diameter, L3=1100mm;L5 is module width, L5=540mm;L2 is seam groove
Depth, L2=15mm.
Fig. 5 is that lorry axle turns around first roll forging part before roll forging;L1-1It is the interlude x (figure of lorry axletree
18) length before roll forging of turning around after first roll forging, its length is equal to axletree interlude x the two of first roll forging length
/ mono-;L2-1It is the length of the carrying position 1 before roll forging of turning around after first roll forging of lorry axletree, L3-1For lorry axletree
Length of the cantilever end 00 before roll forging of turning around after first roll forging.
Fig. 6 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of the second roll forging die enabling before roll forging;The L0 of in figure is forging roller
Centre-to-centre spacing, and L0=1600mm;22 ' is mould in second roll forging, mould under 22 second roll forging;M is upper and lower mould die parting line, and γ is
The angle of roll forging fanlike die block, and γ=115 °;α2And β2It is second effective deformation angle;Wherein angle [alpha]2=33.5 °, α2
Corresponding length is L in fig. 81-2, and L1-2=387.7mm;Angle beta1=22.9 °, β2Corresponding length is L in fig. 82-2,
And L2-2=284.2mm;L in fig. 83-2=be roll forging part end, and L3-2=149.7mm.
Fig. 7 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of the second roll forging die enabling before roll forging;The L1 of in figure, L2, L3,
L4, L5 are as Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is that lorry axle turns around the second roll forging part before roll forging;L1-2 is the interlude x of lorry axletree
(Figure 18) length before roll forging of turning around after second roll forging, its length is equal to axletree interlude x in second roll forging length
1/2nd;L2-2 is the length of the carrying position 1 before roll forging of turning around after second roll forging of lorry axletree, and L3-2 is goods
Length of the cantilever end 00 of car axletree before roll forging of turning around after second roll forging.
Fig. 9 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of the 3rd road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;The L0 of in figure is forging roller
Centre-to-centre spacing, and L0=1600mm;33 ' is mould in the 3rd road roll forging, mould under 33 the 3rd road roll forging;M is upper and lower mould die parting line, and γ is
The angle of roll forging fanlike die block, and γ=115 °;α3And β3It is the 3rd road effective deformation angle;Wherein angle [alpha]3=37.2 °, α3
Corresponding length is L in fig. 111-3, and L1-3=471.6mm;Angle beta3=22.9 °, β3Corresponding length is in fig. 11
L2-3, and L2-3=284.2mm;L in fig. 113-3It is the end of roll forging part, L3-3=194.6mm.
Figure 10 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of the 3rd road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;The L1 of in figure, L2,
L3, L4, L5 are as Fig. 4.
Figure 11 is that lorry axle turns around the 3rd road roll forging part before roll forging;L1-3 is the interlude x of lorry axletree
(Figure 18) length before roll forging of turning around after the 3rd road roll forging, its length is equal to axletree interlude x in the 3rd road roll forging length
1/2nd;L2-3 is the length of the carrying position 1 before roll forging of turning around after the 3rd road roll forging of lorry axletree, and L3-3 is goods
Length of the cantilever end 00 of car axletree before roll forging of turning around after the 3rd road roll forging.
Figure 12 is that lorry axle turns around the front view of the 4th road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;The L0 of in figure is forging roller
Centre-to-centre spacing, and L0=1600mm;44 ' is mould in the 4th road roll forging, mould under 44 the 3rd road roll forging;M is upper and lower mould die parting line, and γ is
The angle of roll forging fanlike die block, and γ=115 °;α4And β4It is the 4th road effective deformation angle;Wherein angle [alpha]4=37.2 °, α4
Corresponding length is L in fig. 141-4, and L1-4=471.6mm;Angle beta4=22.9 °, β4Corresponding length is in fig. 14
L2-4, and L2-4=284.2mm;L in fig. 143-4It is the end of roll forging part, L3-4=233.5mm.
Figure 13 is that lorry axle turns around the left view of the 4th road roll forging die enabling before roll forging;The L1 of in figure, L2,
L3, L4, L5 are as Fig. 4.
Figure 14 is that lorry axle turns around the 4th road roll forging part before roll forging;L1-4 is the interlude x of lorry axletree
(Figure 18) length before roll forging of turning around after the 4th road roll forging, its length is equal to axletree interlude x in the 4th road roll forging length
1/2nd;L2-4 is the length of the carrying position 1 before roll forging of turning around after the 4th road roll forging of lorry axletree, and L3-4 is goods
Length of the cantilever end 00 of car axletree before roll forging of turning around after the 4th road roll forging.
Figure 15 is that lorry axle turns around first roll forging part after roll forging;L′1-1It is in first forge rolling die of Fig. 3
Effective deformation angle [alpha]1Corresponding length, and L '1-1=L1-1;L′2-1It is the carrying position 1 of lorry axletree after roll forging of turning around
Effective deformation angle beta in figure 31Corresponding length, and L '2-1=L2-1;L′3-1For lorry axletree cantilever end 00 in the roller that turns around
Length after forging after first roll forging, and L '3-1=L3-1.
Figure 16 is that lorry axle turns around the second roll forging part after roll forging;L′1-2It is in Fig. 6 second forge rolling die
Effective deformation angle [alpha]2Corresponding length, and L '1-2=L1-2;L′2-2It is the carrying position 1 of lorry axletree after roll forging of turning around
Effective deformation angle beta in figure 62Corresponding length, and L '2-2=L2-2;L′3-2For lorry axletree cantilever end 00 in the roller that turns around
Length after forging after second roll forging, and L '1-2=L3-2.
Figure 17 is that lorry axle turns around the 3rd road roll forging part after roll forging;L′1-3It is in the 3rd road forge rolling die of Fig. 9
Effective deformation angle [alpha]3Corresponding length, and L '1-3=L1-3;L′2-3It is the carrying position 1 of lorry axletree after roll forging of turning around
Effective deformation angle beta in fig .93Corresponding length, and L '2-3=L2-3;L′3-3For lorry axletree cantilever end 00 in the roller that turns around
Length after forging after the 3rd road roll forging, L '3-3=L3-3.
Figure 18 is that lorry axle turns around the 4th road roll forging part after roll forging;L′1-4It is in the 4th road forge rolling die of Figure 12
Effective deformation angle [alpha]4Corresponding length, and L '1-4=L1-4;L′2-4It is the carrying position 1 of lorry axletree after roll forging of turning around
Effective deformation angle beta in fig. 123Corresponding length, and L '2-4=L2-4;L′3-4For lorry axletree cantilever end 00 in the roller that turns around
Length after forging after the 4th road roll forging, and L '3-4=L3-4.
Comprehensive the above, the present invention provides a kind of Roll Forging Die Design side for lorry axle roll forging molding
Method, compared with prior art, lorry axle breaches the constraint of open die forging and radial forging defect and enters roll-forging process
Semi-automation forging technology, it is to nip mouth to nip in centre position and use same pair that the feature of this Design of Dies is this roll forging
Roll forging die enabling turns around the Roll Forging Die Design method of roll forging.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all changes that is made with the claims in the present invention, should all belong to
The scope covered by the present invention.