CN106423179A - Nickel-based catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate and synthesis method of nickel-based catalyst - Google Patents
Nickel-based catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate and synthesis method of nickel-based catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN106423179A CN106423179A CN201610854319.XA CN201610854319A CN106423179A CN 106423179 A CN106423179 A CN 106423179A CN 201610854319 A CN201610854319 A CN 201610854319A CN 106423179 A CN106423179 A CN 106423179A
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of nickel-lanthanum catalyst nanoparticles for efficiently catalyzing the decomposition of hydrazine hydrate to generate hydrogen, and belongs to the field of synthesis and application of nanometer materials. According to the formula of the method, a nickel compound and a lanthanum compound serve as the precursors, a proper reducing agent is selected for use, and the non-loaded type nickel-based nanoparticles NiLax are prepared through a co-reduction method; the obtained particles are uniform in particle size, and an efficient and thorough catalytic decomposition effect is achieved for hydrazine hydrate. The preparation method of the catalyst includes the steps of firstly, weighing a certain amount of nickel source precursor and a certain amount of lanthanum source precursor to be dissolved in a certain volume of solvent to prepare a solution A, and preparing a solution B through a reducing agent; secondly, rapidly adding the solution B to the solution A for magnetic stirring for 10 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure, transferring the solution into a centrifuging tube after reaction is completed, pouring away upper layer clear liquid after centrifuging, adding ultra-pure water for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes, repeatedly conducting centrifugal cleaning 3-4 times to obtain black precipitates, and freeze-drying the precipitates for 24 hours to obtain a required catalyst sample.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for decompose hydrazine hydrate prepare the nickel-base catalyst of hydrogen and its simple method for preparing and
Technology, prepares nickel lanthanum alloy by the method for coreduction-autoxidation, is ensureing the high catalytic activity premise to hydrazine hydrate
Under, improve selectivity and the stability of nano material, solve a difficult problem for particle agglomeration, belong to nano material synthesis and environment
Catalytic field.
Background technology
In recent years, with the quickening of industrial process, fossil fuel is widely used in various industrial process, and then air,
Water, soil pollution problem increasingly serious, be attempted to find a kind of energy of cleanliness without any pollution a lot in environment to solve
Problem.The combustion product of hydrogen is water, and environment will not be damaged, and the combustion heat value of hydrogen is 3 times of gasoline, alcohol
3.9 times, 4.5 times of coke.Hydrogen is not commercialized so far as a kind of preferable clean energy resource, and root problem is hydrogen
It is a kind of hazardous gas under high pressure, and is difficult to store and transports, be capable of effective and safe is to solve the world today using Hydrogen Energy
The important channel of energy and environment problem.Conventional hydrogen storage mode mainly has metal alloy hydrogen storage, complex hydrides, organic liquid
Deng.Metal hydride first, this kind of hydrogen storage mode hydrogen bearing alloy hydrogen storage content is higher, cheap, but its still suffer from excessively steady
The problems such as determine, add dehydrogenation dynamic performance difference；Complex hydrides contains abundant light metal alloy, and hydrogen-storage density is higher, but deposits
In the problem of Reversible Cycle poor performance, limit its application.Fluid organic material hydrogen storage content is high, can also be in normal temperature as gasoline
Under normal pressure transport, and the liquid organic hydrogen storage medium such as hydrazine hydrate, hydrazine borine, ammonia borine, hexamethylene, benzene be industrial can be big
The chemicals of large-scale production, if the dehydrogenation of high stability, high conversion and high selectivity can be developed, will significantly
Promote Hydrogen Energy scale application.
Hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O) also known as hydrazine hydrate, it is a kind of organic compound of hydrogen content up to 8%, and very
In big temperature range, (213-392K) hydrazine hydrate is liquid it is easy to storage is transported.Select hydrazine hydrate another as hydrogen storage material
Individual major reason is its catabolite (H2NNH2→N2+2H2) except hydrogen is with regard to only having nitrogen it is not necessary to carry out secondary place again
Reason, but this needs to be avoided side reaction (3H2NNH2→N2+4NH3) generation, it can reduce N2H4·H2The hydrogen storage efficiency of O, therefore
Catalysis hydration hydrazine produces the catalyst that hydrogen needs to select to have high selectivity, high stability.
Recent years, various bimetallic catalyst was used for low temperature liquid phase N2H4·H2O decomposes.2010, Xu.Q etc. was first
Alloy nano catalyst is made using bimetallic nickel-iridium, with respect to monometallic Raney nickel, bimetallic nickel-iridium catalyst is in room
High activity and 100% selectivity to H2 that catalytic decomposition hydrazine hydrate produces hydrogen is shown under temperature.The class that Xu.Q leads afterwards
Topic group has investigated the degradation property to hydrazine for the bimetal nano catalyst such as bimetallic nickel-palladium, nickel-platinum successively, and obtain larger enter
Exhibition, such as NixRhy(Rh/Ni=1: 16-64: 1), works as x=1, and during y=4, the selectivity of H2 at 70 DEG C reaches 100%.Nickel and noble metal
Alloying pellet be used for decomposing hydrazine hydrate and produce hydrogen there is good effect, but mix noble metal in such catalysis material, produce
Relatively costly, economy and the practicality of catalyst can be largely effected on.
Rare earth element is a kind of good catalyst promoter, and enriches than Precious Metals Resources, cheap, Ni-based
Add rare earth element can significantly improve decomposition rate and the selectivity of hydrazine hydrate in catalyst.At present, for rare-earth elements of lanthanum
The correlative study being used for catalysis hydration hydrazine decomposition product hydrogen as metal catalytic agent aid is rarely reported.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems such as existing high cost, technical deficiency, designs a kind of new functionalization nickel-lanthanum nanometer
The preparation method of grain catalyst, this invention preparation method is simple, passes through the method one-step synthesis of coreduction, system under normal temperature condition
Uniformly, decentralization is high, has good catalysis activity, H to hydrazine hydrate for the nickel-lanthanum nano particle diameter obtaining2Selectively and steady
Qualitative.
The present invention solves the problems, such as that the technical scheme of described catalyst technology is to provide one kind and is used for decomposing hydrazine hydrate preparation
It is characterised in that described catalyst is made up of nickel, lanthanum, its structural formula is NiLa to the catalyst of hydrogenx, wherein x=0.05-1.
The present invention solves described selectivity efficient catalysis hydration hydrazine of preparing and decomposes the functionalized nano catalysis material producing hydrogen
Preparation scheme be：Under room temperature condition of normal pressure, weigh a certain amount of nickel source predecessor respectively, lanthanum source predecessor is dissolved in certain volume
Solvent in, be solution A；Weigh a certain amount of reducing agent to be dissolved in the solvent of certain volume, be solution B.Reductant solution B
It is rapidly added in solution A, magnetic agitation 10 minutes, stops stirring after the completion of aerogenesis, solution is transferred in centrifuge tube, through centrifugation
After outwell supernatant liquor, add ultra-pure water to be cleaned by ultrasonic 10 minutes, be centrifuged repeatedly cleaning 3-4 time, finally obtain black precipitate,
After freeze-drying 24h, obtain desired catalyst sample.
Described nickel source predecessor is Nickel dichloride hexahydrate, Nickelous nitrate hexahydrate or single nickel salts；Described lanthanum source forerunner
Thing is lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, seventy flavors pearl pill or eight hydrated sulfuric acid lanthanums；
Described reducing agent is sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride；
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of room temperature next step synthesizes the preparation of nickel lanthanum nanoparticle catalyst
Method, the method process is simple, mild condition.The addition of lanthanum not only makes the catalysis activity of nickel improve, and also reduces nickel particle
Reunite, so that the decentralization of nickel is increased, be more beneficial for efficiently thoroughly catalytic decomposition hydrazine hydrate and produce hydrogen.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of some case study on implementation, the present invention is made with detailed statement, but the invention is not limited in these enforcements
Example.
A kind of prepare the nickel-base catalyst of hydrogen it is characterised in that described catalyst is by nickel, lanthanum for decomposing hydrazine hydrate
Composition, its structural formula is NiLax, wherein x=0.05-1.
Described for decomposing the simple method for preparing that hydrazine hydrate prepares the catalyst of hydrogen, comprise the following steps：
(1) solution is prepared：At room temperature, at a normal, it is configured to solution A with nickel source predecessor and lanthanum source predecessor, use reducing agent
It is configured to solution B, nickel source predecessor used is 1: x with the ratio of the amount of the material of lanthanum source predecessor, wherein x=0.05-1；
(2) catalyst preparation：Solution B is quickly adding in solution A, under conditions of room temperature normal pressure, magnetic agitation 10
Minute, stop stirring after reaction, solution is transferred in centrifuge tube, outwell supernatant liquor after centrifugation, add ultra-pure water ultrasonic
Cleaning 10 minutes, be centrifuged repeatedly cleaning 3-4 time, finally obtain black precipitate, after freeze-drying 24h, obtain desired for
Decompose the catalyst sample that hydrazine hydrate prepares hydrogen.
Described nickel source predecessor is Nickel dichloride hexahydrate, Nickelous nitrate hexahydrate or single nickel salts；
Described lanthanum source predecessor is lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, seventy flavors pearl pill or eight hydrated sulfuric acid lanthanums；
Described nickel source predecessor：The ratio of the amount of material of lanthanum source predecessor is 1: x, x=0.05-1；
Described reducing agent is sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride；
Described room temperature is 15 DEG C -35 DEG C；
The solvent of described dissolving nickel source predecessor, lanthanum source predecessor and reducing agent is water.
A kind of using the facile syntheesis nickel-base catalyst NiLa obtaining hydrogen for decomposing hydrazine hydrate of the present inventionx's
Preparation method, comprises the following steps：
(1) take a certain amount of catalyst preparing, put in the round-bottomed flask being placed on thermostat water bath, be added thereto to
Excessive NaOH solution, heats in the environment of 30-80 DEG C, until no longer producing gas；
(2) add hydrazine hydrate solution and then in round-bottomed flask, react 0.1-2h at 30-80 DEG C, prepare hydrogen.
A series of product of performances and specification can be obtained using described the inventive method.
Embodiment 1：
NiLaxThe preparation of nanocatalyst：
Take containing 0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.1, the solution of 0.2mmol lanthanum chloride is to containing 0.2mmol chlorination
Obtain solution A in the 50ml round-bottomed flask of nickel solution, take the sodium borohydride (NaBH of 0.045g4) be dissolved in 1.5ml deionized water, join
It is set to solution B.Under conditions of magnetic agitation, solution B is quickly adding in solution A it was observed that a large amount of black suspension thing with
And bubble produces, treat no longer to produce bubble, the solution in round-bottomed flask is transferred in centrifuge tube, through being centrifuged and being cleaned by ultrasonic 3-
4 times, after freeze-drying 24h, obtain NiLaxNano particle, is respectively prepared the catalyst of numbering 1-7, as shown in table 1.
The nickel lanthanum catalyst of the different proportion of composing synthesis of table 1
Embodiment 2：
Catalyst activity is tested
The evaluating catalyst of the present invention is to carry out in airtight drainage system.Experimentation is as follows：Reaction is in water bath with thermostatic control
In carry out, 3mL deionized water and 50mg catalyst are added the NaOH solution adding 1mL6mol/L in round-bottomed flask, magnetic force stirs
Mix 1min, then in round-bottomed flask, add 0.2mL hydrazine hydrate solution, start simultaneously at timing.The hydrazine hydrate that test uses
Mass fraction is 50%.Hydrazine hydrate catalytic decomposition produce gas by absorption by Hydrochloric Acid device, ammonia is absorbed, remaining only
For hydrogen and nitrogen, the selectivity of reaction can be calculated by reading gas production.The activity of relatively different proportion of composing catalyst is surveyed
Test result, such as table 2.
The different proportion of composing catalyst activity test result of table 2 compares (70 DEG C)
As seen from Table 2, increasing with lanthanum addition, the selectivity of catalyst and transformation frequency all increase, when nickel, lanthanum
Mol ratio be 1: 0.25 when, the H of catalyst2Selectively with transformation frequency highest, i.e. NiLa0.25Nanoparticle catalyst is 70
The selectivity that DEG C catalytic decomposition hydrazine hydrate produces hydrogen is 100%, and conversion frequency is 61.8h-1.Make on the contrary when adding more lanthanum
Selectively etc. diminish, the utilization rate step-down of atom.
The calculating of catalyst transformation frequency (TOF)：Assume that whole metallic atoms are involved in catalytic reaction, i.e. ncata=nNl+
nLa, time t is as follows according to decomposing Time Calculation used during 50% hydrazine hydrate, computing formula：
Catalyst hydrazine hydrate produces the H of hydrogen2The selectively calculating of (X)：Because the decomposition of hydrazine hydrate has two ways
Footpath：①3H2NNH2→N2+4NH3；②H2NNH2→N2+2H2, ammonia that 1. approach produces by absorption by Hydrochloric Acid, through derive approach 2.
Selective X computing formula as follows：
X=(3Y-1)/8
Wherein, Y=n (H2+N2)/n(N2H4), 1/3≤Y≤3
Example 3：
Catalyst stability test
NiLa to preparation in embodiment 10.25Nanocatalyst has carried out multiple loop test, method of testing such as embodiment
Described in 3, reaction temperature is 70 DEG C, test result such as table 2.
Table 3NiLa0.25The multiple circulation active testing result of nanocatalyst
As shown in Table 3, after 5 loop tests, the activity and selectivity of catalyst has no and is decreased obviously, and illustrates that this is urged
Agent has good stability and longer life-span.
Catalyst prepared by the present invention has preparation method simply, and reactivity is high, selectively good feature, there is provided
A kind of method preparing cleaning hydrogen, has good application prospect.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of the functionalization catalysis material to hydrazine hydrate with fast decoupled and high selectivity, its feature exists
It is made up of nickel, lanthanum in described catalyst, its structural formula is NiLax, wherein x=0.05-1.
2. functionalization catalysis material according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that nickel in described catalysis material preparation method
Source predecessor is six water nickel chlorides or six water nickel nitrates or seven water nickel sulfates or Nickel diacetate tetrahydrate.
3. functionalization catalysis material according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that lanthanum in described catalysis material preparation method
Source presoma is lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate or seventy flavors pearl pill or eight hydrated sulfuric acid lanthanums.
4. the catalyst for hydrazine hydrate of degrading according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that catalyst is by nickel, lanthanum group
Become, its structural formula is NiLax, wherein x=0.05-1.
5. functionalization catalysis material according to claim 1, its preparation method includes：1., under room temperature condition, weigh respectively
A certain amount of nickel source predecessor, lanthanum source predecessor (amount of nickel source predecessor immobilizes, and changes the addition of lanthanum source predecessor)
It is dissolved in the solvent of certain volume, be solution A；2. weigh a certain amount of reducing agent to be dissolved in the solvent of certain volume, be solution
B.3. solution B is slowly added in solution A, under room temperature normal pressure, magnetic agitation about 10 minutes, solution are transferred in centrifuge tube, warp
Outwell supernatant liquor after centrifugation, add ultra-pure water to be cleaned by ultrasonic 10 minutes, be centrifuged repeatedly cleaning 3-4 time, finally obtain black and sink
Form sediment, after freeze-drying 24h, obtain desired catalyst sample.Gained catalyst has efficiently thorough and H to hydrazine hydrate2Choosing
Selecting property is 100% degradation.
6. method for preparing catalyst according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that reducing agent used is sodium borohydride or boron hydrogen
Change potassium.
7. method for preparing catalyst according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described room temperature condition is higher than 0 DEG C and low
In 35 DEG C.
8. method for preparing catalyst according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that in advance to molten during catalytic degradation hydrazine hydrate
Excessive NaOH solution is added, temperature control is at 30-80 DEG C in liquid.
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| CN201610854319.XA CN106423179A (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Nickel-based catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate and synthesis method of nickel-based catalyst |
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| CN201610854319.XA CN106423179A (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Nickel-based catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate and synthesis method of nickel-based catalyst |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115007158A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-06 | 天津大学 | Ammonia decomposition catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115445665A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-12-09 | 江西师范大学 | Composite nano catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate to produce hydrogen and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-09-26 CN CN201610854319.XA patent/CN106423179A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115007158A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-06 | 天津大学 | Ammonia decomposition catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115007158B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2024-03-22 | 天津大学 | Ammonia decomposition catalyst, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115445665A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-12-09 | 江西师范大学 | Composite nano catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate to produce hydrogen and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115445665B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-10-13 | 江西师范大学 | Composite nano catalyst for decomposing hydrazine hydrate to produce hydrogen and preparation method and application thereof |
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