CN106422666B - Mercury removal device and mercury removal method for flue gas circulating adsorbent of coal-fired power plant - Google Patents
Mercury removal device and mercury removal method for flue gas circulating adsorbent of coal-fired power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN106422666B CN106422666B CN201611116867.9A CN201611116867A CN106422666B CN 106422666 B CN106422666 B CN 106422666B CN 201611116867 A CN201611116867 A CN 201611116867A CN 106422666 B CN106422666 B CN 106422666B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mercury removal device and a mercury removal method for a flue gas circulating adsorbent of a coal-fired power plant, belonging to the technical field of flue gas purification; the magnetic activated carbon of the circulating mercury-removing adsorbent is sprayed into a flue after the air preheater through a gas conveying device, mercury in the flue gas is adsorbed by the magnetic activated carbon and then is trapped by an electric dust collector together with ash, the flue gas is screened by a multi-stage magnetic separator and then enters a conical separator, the separation of the magnetic activated carbon and magnetic substances in the ash is completed, and the recovered magnetic activated carbon enters a spraying device; after circulating for a certain time, the magnetic activated carbon enters an adsorbent regeneration device to desorb mercury, and enters an adsorbent injection system for recycling after regeneration; the method has high mercury removal efficiency on the basis of not changing the flue gas purification equipment of the coal-fired power plant, can recycle the adsorbent, effectively reduces the cost, and simultaneously solves the problem that the adsorbent affects the quality of fly ash and the secondary release of mercury.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification of coal-fired power plants, and particularly relates to a flue gas circulating adsorbent mercury removal device and a mercury removal method for a coal-fired power plant.
Background
Mercury is a neuropoison whose pollution is characterized globally, continuously and bioaccumulating and is a great hazard to human health. Coal-fired power plants are the most important artificial mercury emission sources, and power plant flue gas mercury removal has become an electric environment-friendly in recent yearsA hot spot in research in the field. The existence form of mercury in the flue gas of the coal-fired power plant mainly comprises three types: particulate mercury Hg p Hg of bivalent mercury 2+ Elemental mercury Hg 0 Wherein Hg is p And Hg of 2+ Is easy to be effectively removed by wet desulfurization and other devices, while Hg 0 Is volatile, insoluble in water and difficult to remove, and is the key point of the study on the mercury removal of the flue gas of a power plant. The emission limit value of mercury is 0.03mg/m which is clearly specified in the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants of thermal power plants (GB 13223-2011) newly implemented in 2011 in China 3 。
The existing pollutant control equipment and the mercury removal technology of the mercury removal technology utilize the synergistic effect of an SCR denitration device, a dust remover and wet desulfurization, but the removal capacity is limited; the mercury removal by the oxidation method is to add an oxidant into flue gas before or after coal combustion to convert elemental mercury into bivalent mercury for removal, and the method has great influence on the safe operation of the existing equipment; the adsorbent is the most mature flue gas mercury removal technology at present, wherein activated carbon injection mercury removal is commercially applied, the method is that activated carbon is injected into a flue after an air preheater, and the activated carbon adsorbs mercury in the flue gas through physical and chemical actions to convert elemental mercury into bivalent mercury or granular mercury for removal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flue gas circulating adsorbent mercury removal device and method for a coal-fired power plant, which are added with an adsorbent injection system, a magnetic separation system and a regeneration system on the basis of not changing the existing equipment of the power plant, and the magnetic separation characteristics of magnetic activated carbon are utilized to recycle the adsorbent for mercury removal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a coal fired power plant flue gas circulation adsorbent demercuration device which characterized in that: the device comprises a magnetic separator 4 arranged at the bottom of an ash bin of an electric dust collector 2, a conical separator 5 connected to an outlet of the magnetic separator 4 through a magnetic mixture carrying air flow conveying pipe 11, a compressed air inlet 10 arranged at the bottom of the conical separator 5, a cyclone separator 6 communicated with the top of the conical separator 5, an adsorbent storage bin 7 communicated with the bottom of the cyclone separator 6, a high-temperature nitrogen inlet 9 arranged at the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin 7, a high-temperature nitrogen outlet 8 arranged at the top of the adsorbent storage bin 7, and a mercury recovery system connected with the high-temperature nitrogen outlet 8; and a regenerated magnetic active carbon outlet at the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin 7 is communicated with a flue behind the air preheater 1.
The magnetic separator 4 is at least two-stage magnetic separation, and the efficiency of screening the magnetic activated carbon is more than 90%.
The conical separator 5 comprises a conical separation tower 12, a compressed air tube bundle 14 entering from the bottom of the conical separation tower 12, and a conical air distribution plate 16 arranged at the upper part of the compressed air tube bundle 14 in the conical separation tower 12, wherein the conical air distribution plate 16 has the characteristics of high middle and low edge, and is beneficial to discharging magnetic substances with higher density from the edge; the permanent magnets 13 are arranged at the edge positions of the conical air distribution plates 16 at intervals, so that larger magnetic particles which cannot be supported by air flow can flow out; the conical separation tower 12 is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top, so that the gas flow rate at the top of the conical separator 5 is enough to carry the adsorbent, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a magnetic substance discharge outlet 15, and the bottom of the conical air distribution plate 16 is provided with a rotating motor 17 for driving the conical air distribution plate to rotate.
The inclination angle of the conical air distribution plate 16 is 5-20 degrees.
According to the mercury removal method of the coal-fired power plant flue gas circulating absorbent mercury removal device, magnetic activated carbon is selected as a flue gas mercury removal absorbent, mercury in flue gas is removed after being sprayed into a flue after an air preheater 1, the flue gas and ash are collected by an electric precipitator 2, magnetic substances in the magnetic activated carbon and the ash are separated by a magnetic separator 4 at the bottom of an ash bin of the electric precipitator 2, the magnetic substances in the ash are separated by utilizing the principle that the density of the magnetic substances in the ash is greater than that of the magnetic activated carbon, the mixture is separated by a conical separator 5, the absorbent with smaller density is carried by compressed air 10, is discharged from the top of the conical separator 5, enters a cyclone separator 6 for separation and falls into an absorbent storage bin 7 for standby, and the magnetic substances with larger density are discharged from the bottom of the conical separator 5 for comprehensive utilization; the magnetic activated carbon with saturated adsorption is stored in the adsorbent storage bin 7, high-temperature nitrogen flow at 800 ℃ is introduced into the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin 7 from the high-temperature nitrogen inlet 9 to realize the regeneration of the magnetic activated carbon, then high-temperature nitrogen carries mercury vapor flow to enter the mercury recovery system from the high-temperature nitrogen outlet 8, and the regenerated magnetic activated carbon is sprayed into a flue after the air preheater 1 to realize the recycling.
The magnetic content of the magnetic activated carbon adsorbent is 30% -50%, the specific saturation magnetization is 30-50 emu/g, and the particle size is 200-300 meshes.
The permanent magnets 13 are arranged at intervals at the edge positions of the conical air distribution plates 16, magnetic substances are attracted at the positions close to the permanent magnets 13, and the magnetic substances are separated along with the rotation of the conical air distribution plates 16 at the positions far away from the permanent magnets 13, so that the arrangement method is beneficial to the magnetic substances on the air distribution plates to flow to a material outlet; the conical air distribution plate 16 is driven by a rotary motor 17 at the bottom, and the rotating speed is regulated according to the average size of magnetic substances in ash of the power plant.
The invention has the following characteristics:
1) High mercury removal efficiency and low cost: the invention selects the magnetic activated carbon as the circulating adsorbent, can circularly remove mercury for a plurality of times, and greatly sprays the adsorbent to improve the mercury removal efficiency; the adsorbent can be recycled and regenerated, so that the mercury removal cost is effectively reduced, and the quality of the fly ash is not affected.
2) The operation safety of the power plant is high: the invention only adds the magnetic active carbon spraying and recycling device on the basis of not changing the existing equipment of the power plant, the mercury removal process can not corrode the equipment of the power plant, and the safety to the operation of the power plant is high.
3) Preventing mercury secondary pollution: the method can recover the heavy metal mercury adsorbed, and effectively prevent the problem of secondary release of mercury.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic system diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the cone separator of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, 1 is an air preheater, 2 is an electric dust collector, 3 is a desulfurizing tower, 4 is a magnetic separator, 5 is a conical separator, 6 is a cyclone separator, 7 is an adsorbent storage bin, 8 is a high-temperature nitrogen outlet, 9 is a high-temperature nitrogen inlet, 10 is a compressed air inlet, 11 is a magnetic mixture carrying airflow conveying pipe, 12 is a conical separating tower, 13 is a permanent magnet, 14 is a compressed air tube bundle, 15 is a magnetic substance outlet, 16 is a conical air distribution plate, 17 is a rotating motor, and 18 is a magnetic active carbon carrying airflow outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in figure 1, according to the method for removing mercury by using the circulating adsorbent for flue gas in the coal-fired power plant, magnetic activated carbon is selected as the flue gas mercury removing adsorbent, mercury in flue gas is removed from a flue after being sprayed into an air preheater 1, then the flue gas and ash are collected by an electric precipitator 2 together, magnetic substances in the magnetic activated carbon and the ash are separated by a magnetic separator 4 at the bottom of an ash bin, the magnetic substances in the ash are separated by utilizing the principle that the density of the magnetic substances in the ash is greater than that of the magnetic activated carbon, the mixture is separated by a conical separator 5, the adsorbent with smaller density is carried by compressed air 10, is discharged from the top of the conical separator 5, enters a cyclone separator 6 for separation and falls into an adsorbent storage bin 7 for standby, and the magnetic substances with larger density are discharged from the bottom of the conical separator 5 for comprehensive utilization; the magnetic activated carbon with saturated adsorption is stored in the adsorbent storage bin 7, high-temperature nitrogen flow at 800 ℃ is introduced into the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin 7 from the high-temperature nitrogen inlet 9 to realize the regeneration of the magnetic activated carbon, then high-temperature nitrogen carries mercury vapor flow to enter the mercury recovery system from the high-temperature nitrogen outlet 8, and the regenerated magnetic activated carbon is sprayed into a flue after the air preheater 1 to realize the recycling.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, magnetic activated carbon with the magnetic content of 50 percent, the specific saturation magnetization of more than 40emu/g and the particle size of 200 to 300 meshes is selected as the mercury removal adsorbent.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the magnetic separator 4 selects two-stage magnetic separation, and improves the purity of the magnetic substances in the ash while screening the magnetic activated carbon, thereby being beneficial to the recycling of the magnetic substances in the ash.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the magnetic activated carbon is conveyed into a flue after the air preheater 1 by adopting gas, and the direction of a nozzle is the same as the flow direction of the flue gas.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the direction of the nozzle of the air flow conveying pipe 11 carrying the magnetic mixture, which is separated by the magnetic separator 4, is arranged opposite to the compressed air pipe bundle, so that the magnetic activated carbon is uniformly distributed in the conical separator 5.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the conical separator 5 comprises a conical separation tower 12, a compressed air tube bundle 14 entering from the bottom of the conical separation tower 12, and a conical air distribution plate 16 arranged at the upper part of the compressed air tube bundle 14 in the conical separation tower 12, wherein the conical air distribution plate 16 has the characteristics of high middle and low edge, and is beneficial to the discharge of magnetic substances with higher density from the edge; the permanent magnets 13 are arranged at the edge positions of the conical air distribution plates 16 at intervals, so that larger magnetic particles which cannot be supported by air flow can flow out; the conical separation tower 12 is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top, so that the gas flow rate at the top of the conical separator 5 is enough to carry the adsorbent, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a magnetic substance discharge outlet 15, and the bottom of the conical air distribution plate 16 is provided with a rotating motor 17 for driving the conical air distribution plate to rotate.
As the preferred embodiment of the invention, the conical air distribution plate 16 is driven by the rotary motor 17 at the bottom, the higher the rotating speed is, the more the magnetic substance is separated from the edge of the conical air distribution plate 16, and the inclination angle of the conical air distribution plate 16 is 15 degrees.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a coal fired power plant flue gas circulation adsorbent demercuration device which characterized in that: the device comprises a magnetic separator (4) arranged at the bottom of an ash bin of an electric dust collector (2), a conical separator (5) connected to an outlet of the magnetic separator (4) through a gas flow conveying pipe (11) carrying a magnetic mixture, a compressed air inlet (10) is formed in the bottom of the conical separator (5), the top of the conical separator (5) is communicated with a cyclone separator (6), the bottom of the cyclone separator (6) is communicated with an adsorbent storage bin (7), a high-temperature nitrogen inlet (9) is formed in the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin (7), a high-temperature nitrogen outlet (8) is formed in the top of the adsorbent storage bin (7), and the high-temperature nitrogen outlet (8) is connected with a mercury recovery system; the regenerated magnetic active carbon outlet at the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin (7) is communicated with a flue behind the air preheater (1); selecting magnetic activated carbon as a flue gas mercury removal adsorbent;
the conical separator (5) comprises a conical separation tower (12), a compressed air tube bundle (14) entering from the bottom of the conical separation tower (12), and a conical air distribution plate (16) arranged at the upper part of the compressed air tube bundle (14) in the conical separation tower (12), wherein the conical air distribution plate (16) has the characteristics of high middle and low edge, and is beneficial to the discharge of magnetic substances with higher density from the edge; the permanent magnets (13) are arranged at the edge positions of the conical air distribution plates (16) at intervals, so that larger magnetic particles which cannot be lifted by air flow can flow out; the lower part of the conical separation tower (12) is wide and narrow, the flow rate of gas at the top of the conical separator (5) is ensured to be enough to carry the adsorbent, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a magnetic substance outlet (15), and the bottom of the conical air distribution plate (16) is provided with a rotating motor (17) for driving the conical air distribution plate to rotate;
the inclination angle of the conical air distribution plate (16) is 5-20 degrees;
the magnetic content of the magnetic activated carbon adsorbent is 30% -50%, the specific saturation magnetization is 30-50 emu/g, and the particle size is 200-300 meshes.
2. The coal-fired power plant flue gas recirculation sorbent mercury removal device of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic separator (4) is at least two-stage magnetic separation, and the efficiency of screening the magnetic activated carbon is more than 90%.
3. The mercury removal method of the flue gas circulating adsorbent mercury removal device for the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting magnetic activated carbon as a flue gas mercury removal adsorbent, spraying the flue gas mercury removal adsorbent into a flue after an air preheater (1), collecting the flue gas mercury together with ash by an electric precipitator (2), separating the magnetic activated carbon from the magnetic substances in the ash by a magnetic separator (4) at the bottom of an ash bin of the electric precipitator (2), separating the mixture by a conical separator (5) according to the principle that the density of the magnetic substances in the ash is greater than that of the magnetic activated carbon, carrying the adsorbent with smaller density by compressed air, discharging the adsorbent from the top of the conical separator (5), separating the adsorbent with the cyclone separator (6), and then falling into an adsorbent storage bin (7) for later use, wherein the magnetic substances with larger density are discharged from the bottom of the conical separator (5) to realize comprehensive utilization; the magnetic activated carbon with saturated adsorption is stored in an adsorbent storage bin (7), high-temperature nitrogen flow at 800 ℃ is introduced into the bottom of the adsorbent storage bin (7) from a high-temperature nitrogen inlet (9) to realize the regeneration of the magnetic activated carbon, and then high-temperature nitrogen carries mercury vapor flow to enter a mercury recovery system from a high-temperature nitrogen outlet (8), and the regenerated magnetic activated carbon is sprayed into a flue after an air preheater (1) to realize recycling;
the permanent magnets (13) are arranged at intervals at the edge positions of the conical air distribution plates (16), magnetic substances are attracted at the positions close to the permanent magnets (13), and the magnetic substances are separated when the conical air distribution plates (16) rotate away from the positions of the permanent magnets (13), so that the arrangement method is beneficial to the magnetic substances on the air distribution plates to flow to the material outlet; the conical air distribution plate (16) is driven by a rotary motor (17) at the bottom, and the rotating speed is regulated according to the average size of magnetic substances in ash of the power plant.
4. A mercury removal method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the magnetic activated carbon is conveyed to a flue after the air preheater (1) by adopting gas, and the direction of a nozzle is the same as the flow direction of the flue gas.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611116867.9A CN106422666B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Mercury removal device and mercury removal method for flue gas circulating adsorbent of coal-fired power plant |
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| CN201611116867.9A CN106422666B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Mercury removal device and mercury removal method for flue gas circulating adsorbent of coal-fired power plant |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108160663A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-15 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The removal methods of flying dust Zhong bioxin and mercury metal |
| CN111135665B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-04-12 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司国华电力分公司 | Adsorbent demercuration process and equipment |
| CN111888890A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 南京师范大学 | System and method for circularly trapping coal-fired flue gas mercury by using magnetic adsorbent |
| CN112107980B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-10-15 | 华中科技大学 | Method for strengthening heavy metal capture in desulfurizing tower by using magnetic medium and application thereof |
| CN114028904A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 国能国华(北京)电力研究院有限公司 | Flue gas treatment system |
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