CN106419916A - Device and method for measuring electrophysiological parameter of human body - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring electrophysiological parameter of human body Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7221—Determining signal validity, reliability or quality
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for measuring an electrophysiological parameter of a human body. The device comprises four metal electrode plates and a main controller, wherein the main controller includes an MCU (Micro-programmed Control Unit) control core (1), a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface (2), a power conversion circuit (3) and four electrode measurement and control loops (4); the power conversion circuit (3) is respectively connected with the USB interface (2), the MCU control core (1) and the electrode measurement and control loops (4) and is used for converting a 5V power provided by the USB interface (2) into stabilized voltages in different magnitudes; the electrode measurement and control loops (4) are connected with the metal electrode plates in one-to-one correspondence, are respectively connected with the MCU control core (1) and are controlled by the MCU control core (1); the metal electrode plates are grounded after being connected to a set voltage or connected to a resistor, voltage signals of the metal electrode plates are sent to the MCU control core (1); the MCU control core (1) is connected with the USB interface (2). Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of comprehensive measurement and accurate measurement result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of human parameters measurement apparatus, especially relate to a kind of human body electric-physiology parameter measure device and
Method.
Background technology
The analysis of human body electrophysiological model and parametric measurement can be the assessment of health status or even medical diagnosis on disease offer weight
The information wanted.Human body electrophysiological model is uneven resistance and capacitance profile formula parameter model, current human body electric-physiology parameter
Mensure almost all be by the electric signal of additional multi-form, human body resistance or impedance to be measured, but assay method lack
, there is very big blindness in the weary research and analysis to human body electrophysiological model, resistance or impedance measurements are subject to body capacitance
Impact and not accurate enough.Also have the extremely mensure to body capacitance individually, in fact simply measure human body touch on circuit board certain
Cause the change of direct-to-ground capacitance during individual metallic region, be not the mensure to real body capacitance.In a word, prior art is to people
The mensure of body electrophysiological model parameter, on the one hand not comprehensive, have ignored the equivalent capacity of human body, on the other hand in the survey of resistance
Ignore capacitive effect and make measurement result inaccurate due to a lack of to the understanding of electrophysiological model in amount.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art presence to provide a kind of people of high accuracy
Body electric-physiology parameter measures device and method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of human body electric-physiology parameter measures device, including four metal electrode boards and master controller, described main control
Device includes MCU control core, USB interface, power-switching circuit and four path electrode observing and controlling loops, and described power-switching circuit divides
It is not connected with USB interface, MCU control core and electrode observing and controlling loop, described electrode observing and controlling loop is with metal electrode board one by one
Corresponding connection, and be connected with MCU control core respectively, described MCU control core is connected with USB interface, and described power supply turns
The 5V Power convert that changing circuit provides USB interface is different size of burning voltage, and described electrode observing and controlling loop accepts MCU
Control core controls, and makes metal electrode board connect setting voltage or is grounded after connecting resistance, and the voltage letter by metal electrode board
Number it is sent to MCU control core, described MCU control core calculates human body electric-physiology parameter and is simultaneously sent to USB interface.Described
Setting voltage is safe dc voltage, and its value can be arbitrarily selected between 2～4V.
Described electrode observing and controlling loop includes ADC signal conditioning branch road, DAC driver branch road, digital regulation resistance branch road, height
Resistance branch and ground connection branch road, metal electrode board is connected by described ADC signal conditioning branch road with MCU control core, described
DAC driver branch road, digital regulation resistance branch road, high resistance branch road and ground connection branch road are connected to metal electricity by variable connector respectively
Pole plate, makes metal electrode board connect setting voltage, make metal electrode board variable resistance ground connection, high resistance ground and be directly grounded respectively.
The resistance of described high resistance branch road is more than 10M Ω.
Described ADC signal conditioning branch road includes signal condition chip and ADC chip, and described signal condition chip is respectively
It is connected with the input of metal electrode board and ADC chip, the described output end of ADC chip is connected with MCU control core.
Described DAC driver branch road includes DAC chip and driver, and described driver is defeated with DAC chip respectively
Go out end and variable connector connects, the described input of DAC chip is connected with MCU control core.
A kind of carry out human body electric-physiology parameter method for measuring using described device, the method is by human body electrophysiological model
It is equivalent to five capacitor resistor units, corresponds to four limbs and trunk respectively, each capacitor resistor unit includes resistance Rs, resistance RpWith electric capacity C, its
Middle resistance RpIn parallel with electric capacity C, then with resistance RsSeries connection, during measurement, by each metal electrode board and left hand, the right hand, left foot, the right side
Pin corresponds contact, carries out parametric measurement to four limbs capacitor resistor unit using same principle respectively, wherein, to left upper extremity capacitance-resistance list
The continuous mode of unit includes：MCU control core by electrode observing and controlling loop make left hand electrodes connect set safe dc voltage,
The antithesis electrode of left hand electrodes is that right hand electrode variable resistance is grounded, the near-end Passive electrode of left hand electrodes is that left foot electrode high resistance connects
Ground, the far-end Passive electrode of left hand electrodes are right crus of diaphragm electrode high resistance ground connection, make human body form an electrical network with measuring device,
Then MCU control core carries out continuous sampling to the voltage on four metal electrode boards simultaneously, obtains waveform voltage signal, by electricity
The grounding resistance of pressure signal waveform data and each metal electrode board calculates the parameter of left upper extremity capacitor resistor unit.
Described resistance RsCalculating formula is：
Wherein, uAFor anode voltage waveform, the metal electrode board voltage waveform that is, tested capacitor resistor unit connects, (0) represents
1st sampled point of waveform, uP1For near-end Passive electrode voltage waveform, uCFor cathode voltage waveform, i.e. antithesis electrode voltage ripple
Shape, RCFor minus earth resistance,
Described resistance RpCalculating formula is：
Wherein, (N) represents last sampled point of waveform,
Described electric capacity C calculating formula is：
Wherein, iCXFor the current waveform on electric capacity C, (n) represents (n+1)th sampled point of waveform, TSFor sampling interval, uCX
For the voltage waveform on electric capacity C.
Voltage waveform u on described electric capacity CCXCalculating formula is：
Current waveform i on described electric capacity CCXCalculating formula is：
The described waveform sampling time is 10s～30s.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) device is powered and outside transmission data using USB interface, and inside carries power-switching circuit, for electrode
Observing and controlling loop and MCU control core are powered, and structure is simple, does not require the use of other power supplys；The voltage security that USB provides is reliable.
(2) pass through MCU control core and four electrode observing and controlling loops realize the independent control to four metal electrode boards and
Measurement, to the mensure of human body electric-physiology parameter more fully.
(3) electrode observing and controlling loop includes five branch roads, and wherein four branch roads pass through multidiameter option switch and MCU control core
Connect, make metal electrode board have four kinds of different circuit connection states, played in four capacitor resistor unit parametric measurements
Not same-action；Another branch road remains up, and makes MCU control core persistently obtain the voltage of battery lead plate.
(4) digital regulation resistance branch road enables metal electrode board variable resistance to be grounded in order to adjust in each continuous mode
So as to keep a relatively fixing value, that is, each capacitor resistor unit parametric measurement is maintained on an equal basis the whole voltage being added in human body
Under the conditions of, improve the reliability of overall measurement result.
(5) the human body electric-physiology parameter assay method of present invention design, is built upon the ultralow DC voltage of research and analysis
On the basis of lower human body electrophysiological model, also measured were the equivalent capacity in model in addition to measuring human body resistance, to human body electricity
The mensure of physiological parameter is more fully；Model eliminates the impact that human body equivalent capacity measures to human body resistance, so to human body
The mensure of electric-physiology parameter is more accurate.
(6) each continuous mode, the voltage waveform sampling time continue 10s～30s it is contemplated that capacity effect lasting when
Between, the time that decreases wastes.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be human body electrophysiological model and its with the present embodiment metal electrode board annexation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 measures the structural representation of device for the present embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present embodiment master controller；
Reference：
1 is MCU control core；2 is USB interface；3 is power-switching circuit；4 is electrode observing and controlling loop；41 is ADC signal
Conditioning branch road；42 is DAC driver branch road；43 is digital regulation resistance branch road；44 is high resistance branch road；45 is ground connection branch road；46
For variable connector；51st, 52,53,54 it is respectively metal electrode board.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to
Following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment measures equivalent resistance and electricity in human body electrophysiological model under ultralow safe dc voltage by four limbs
Hold.When being measured by four limbs, human body electrophysiological model is equivalent to as shown in Figure 1 five capacitor resistor unit, wherein Rs1And Rs2For etc.
Effect series resistance, RpFor equivalent parallel resistance, C is equivalent capacity.Four capacitor resistor units corresponding with four limbs are connected gold by corresponding
Belong to battery lead plate 51,52,53,54.
The human body electric-physiology parameter of the present embodiment measures device, by four pieces of metal electrode boards 51,52,53,54 and main control
Device forms.As shown in figure 3, metal electrode board accesses the electrode observing and controlling loop 4 in master controller by wire.
As shown in Fig. 2 master controller is by USB interface 2,3, four electrode observing and controlling loops 4 of power-switching circuit and MCU
Control core 1 forms, as shown in Figure 2.MCU control core 1 in master controller is connected with USB interface 2.
Four pieces of metal electrode boards 4, wherein two pieces is torch pole, and during detection, the measurand both hands palm of the hand keeps flat towards battery lead plate
In electrode surface and close contact；Other two pieces is pin battery lead plate, and measurand stands on battery lead plate barefoot.For preventing from growing
Repeatedly contact sweat in phase test process and be corroded, battery lead plate is generally made using stainless steel material.
The 5V Power convert that USB interface 2 provides is stablizing needed for other each several parts of master controller by power-switching circuit 3
Voltage, the 3.3V as needed for MCU control core 1, the 5V needed for electrode observing and controlling loop 4 and ± 9V etc..
Four electrode observing and controlling loops 4 have identical structure, taking one of as a example, its internal composition and with
The annexation of MCU control core 1 is as shown in Figure 3.Electrode observing and controlling loop 4 is main to nurse one's health branch road 41, DAC driving by ADC signal
Device branch road 42, digital regulation resistance branch road 43, high resistance branch road 44, ground connection branch road 45 and variable connector 46 form, and its function is logical
Cross MUX and realize electrode condition switching measuring electrode voltage signal.Multidiameter option switch makes electrode have 4 can
Choosing connects：DAC and driver, digital regulation resistance, high resistance ground, it is directly grounded, corresponding to four kinds of states of electrode：Voltage output
State, variable resistance ground state, high resistance ground state, is directly grounded state.No matter electrode is in which kind of state, electrode observing and controlling loop
4 voltage measurement function is in effective status all the time.
MCU control core 1 is the control core of master controller, controls and realizes whole measurement process.With left hand electrodes
As a example continuous mode, during mensure, master controller controls left hand electrodes by electrode observing and controlling loop 4 is voltage output state, exports one
Individual safe dc voltage (such as taking 3.0V), adds to human body left hand by left hand electrodes, now left hand electrodes are referred to as anode.And it is right
Hand is referred to as negative electrode as antithesis electrode, is controlled as variable resistance ground state；Left foot electrode is referred to as near-end Passive electrode, right crus of diaphragm electrode
Referred to as far-end Passive electrode, is all controlled as high resistance ground state (generally taking 10M Ω～20M Ω).
The purpose that negative electrode is set to variable resistance ground state is in order in each continuous mode, adjustment is added in the voltage of human body,
It is made to keep a relatively fixing value.
Now human body and outer meeting resistance form an electrical network, and MCU control core 1 simultaneously continuously gathers four electrodes
On waveform voltage signal.The current signal of each electrode can be obtained by the grounding resistance of waveform voltage signal data and electrode
Waveform.
Due to capacity effect, test start after each electrode electric current be gradually reduced and relatively stable in a level, right
For vast majority of people, this process lasts about greatly 10～30 seconds, so all needing during to one electrode making alive of any of which continuous
The collection data of 30 seconds, then parses three below electric-physiology parameter according to circuital law：Rs、Rp, C, wherein Rs=Rs1+Rs2.
Test process is specific as follows：
1. negative electrode variable resistance is adjusted:
After anode output voltage 30 seconds, adjust the electricity that negative electrode digital regulation resistance resistance value makes to be added between human body right-hand man
Pressure is about 2V, then this resistance value is fixed up.After the completion of, 4 electrodes are all placed in the state of being directly grounded by master controller
More than 10 seconds so that human body equivalent capacity is discharged completely.
2. equivalent parameters measures
Continue 30 seconds in anode output DC voltage again, and gather the voltage waveform of 4 electrodes simultaneously.Then press following
(1)～(5) formula calculates parameter R that anode corresponds to the equivalent capacitor resistor unit of limbs (corresponding to left hand in this step) successivelys、Rp、C.
The calculating formula of the electric-physiology parameter of the corresponding limbs of negative electrode, Passive electrode pair can also be released according to the deriving method of (1)～(5) formula
The electric-physiology parameter answering limbs cannot calculate in this step.
Left hand measures after finishing, and 4 electrodes are all placed in master controller the state of being directly grounded more than 10 seconds so that people
Body equivalent capacity is discharged completely, then starts in the same way the right hand, left foot, right crus of diaphragm are measured again, finally counts respectively
Calculate, all of equivalent parameters value in model can be obtained.
Four limbs mensure order does not affect on result, and the corresponding electric-physiology parameter of left hand measurement result Anodic should be with the right hand
In measurement result, the corresponding electric-physiology parameter of negative electrode is close, and same situation may also appear in the result that left and right pin measures.
Last master controller passes through USB interface 2 by calculated Rs、RpReach extraneous process with electric-physiology parameters such as C,
Whole measurement process needs successively human body left hand, the right hand, left foot, right crus of diaphragm to be tested respectively, and processing data calculates respectively
The electric-physiology parameter of different piece in equivalent model.
Computational methods are described taking anode as a example.In the moment initially powering up pressure, electric capacity is in uncharged state, so having：
Wherein, uAFor anode voltage waveform, the metal electrode board voltage waveform that is, tested capacitor resistor unit connects, (0) represents
1st sampled point of waveform, uP1For near-end Passive electrode voltage waveform, uCFor cathode voltage waveform, i.e. antithesis electrode voltage ripple
Shape, RCFor minus earth resistance,
At the end of 30 second datas, electric capacity is substantially at fully charged state, now has：
Wherein, (N) represents last sampled point of waveform.
Can get R by (1), (2) two formulasS、RP.
It is finally to calculate equivalent capacity C, the voltage waveform u in equivalent capacity must be calculated firstCXWith current waveform iCX：
Wherein, (n) represents (n+1)th sampled point of waveform.,
By the fundamental relation in equivalent capacityThe calculating formula of electric capacity in the case of discrete sampling can be obtained：
Wherein, TSFor the sampling interval.
In practical application, human body electrophysiological model can also be reduced to a capacitor resistor unit by five capacitor resistor units, survey
Determine process and be reduced to a step by four steps, the computational methods of three parameters are identical with (1)～(5) formula.
Embodiment 2
A kind of human body electric-physiology parameter measures device, also includes host computer, USB interface 2 is connected with host computer, therefore USB
Interface 2 is the interface that host computer provides power supply for master controller, is also the data communication passage of master controller and host computer, because
This whole device need not be reconfigured at other external power sources, easy to use.
Remaining is same as Example 1.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of human body electric-physiology parameter measures device it is characterised in that including four metal electrode boards and master controller, described
Master controller include MCU control core (1), USB interface (2), power-switching circuit (3) and four path electrode observing and controlling loops (4),
Described power-switching circuit (3) is connected with USB interface (2), MCU control core (1) and electrode observing and controlling loop (4) respectively, institute
The electrode observing and controlling loop (4) stated is connected one to one with metal electrode board, and is connected with MCU control core (1) respectively, described
MCU control core (1) is connected with USB interface (2), the 5V power supply that USB interface (2) is provided by described power-switching circuit (3)
Be converted to different size of burning voltage, described electrode observing and controlling loop (4) accepts MCU control core (1) and controls, make metal electricity
Pole plate connects setting voltage or is grounded after connecting resistance, and the voltage signal of metal electrode board is sent to MCU control core
(1), described MCU control core (1) calculates human body electric-physiology parameter and is sent to USB interface (2).
2. a kind of human body electric-physiology parameter according to claim 1 measures device it is characterised in that described electrode observing and controlling
Loop (4) inclusion ADC signal conditioning branch road (41), DAC driver branch road (42), digital regulation resistance branch road (43), high resistance prop up
Road (44) and ground connection branch road (45), described ADC signal conditioning branch road (41) is by metal electrode board with MCU control core (1) even
Connect, described DAC driver branch road (42), digital regulation resistance branch road (43), high resistance branch road (44) and ground connection branch road (45) point
Variable connector (46) Tong Guo not connect to metal electrode board, make metal electrode board connect setting voltage, make metal electrode board respectively
Variable resistance ground connection, high resistance ground and being directly grounded.
3. a kind of human body electric-physiology parameter according to claim 2 measures device it is characterised in that described high resistance props up
The resistance on road (44) is more than 10M Ω.
4. a kind of human body electric-physiology parameter according to claim 2 measures device it is characterised in that described ADC signal
Conditioning branch road (41) includes signal condition chip (411) and ADC chip (412), described signal condition chip (411) respectively with
The input connection of metal electrode board and ADC chip (412), the described output end of ADC chip (412) and MCU control core
(1) connect.
5. a kind of human body electric-physiology parameter according to claim 2 measures device it is characterised in that described DAC drives
Device branch road (42) includes DAC chip (421) and driver (422), described driver (422) respectively with DAC chip (421)
Output end and variable connector (46) connect, and the described input of DAC chip (421) is connected with MCU control core (1).
6. a kind of use described device as arbitrary in Claims 1 to 5 carries out human body electric-physiology parameter method for measuring, its feature
It is, human body electrophysiological model is equivalent to five capacitor resistor units by the method, correspond to four limbs and trunk, each capacitor resistor unit respectively
Including resistance Rs, resistance RpWith electric capacity C, wherein resistance RpIn parallel with electric capacity C, then with resistance RsSeries connection, during measurement, Jiang Gejin
Belong to battery lead plate to correspond and contact with left hand, the right hand, left foot, right crus of diaphragm, respectively four limbs capacitor resistor unit is carried out using same principle
Parametric measurement, wherein, includes to the continuous mode of left upper extremity capacitor resistor unit：MCU control core (1) passes through electrode observing and controlling loop
(4) left hand electrodes are made to connect the safe dc voltage setting, the antithesis electrode of left hand electrodes is right hand electrode variable resistance ground connection, left hand
The near-end Passive electrode of electrode is that left foot electrode high resistance is grounded, the far-end Passive electrode of left hand electrodes is that right crus of diaphragm electrode high resistance connects
Ground, makes human body form an electrical network with measuring device, then MCU control core (1) is simultaneously on four metal electrode boards
Voltage carry out continuous sampling, obtain waveform voltage signal, by waveform voltage signal data and each metal electrode board ground connection electricity
Computing the resistor value goes out the parameter of left upper extremity capacitor resistor unit.
7. method according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described resistance RsCalculating formula is：
Wherein, uAFor anode voltage waveform, the metal electrode board voltage waveform that is, tested capacitor resistor unit connects, (0) represents waveform
1st sampled point, uP1For near-end Passive electrode voltage waveform, uCFor cathode voltage waveform, i.e. antithesis electrode voltage waveform, RCFor
Minus earth resistance,
Described resistance RpCalculating formula is：
Wherein, (N) represents last sampled point of waveform,
Described electric capacity C calculating formula is：
Wherein, iCXFor the current waveform on electric capacity C, (n) represents (n+1)th sampled point of waveform, TSFor sampling interval, uCXFor electricity
Hold the voltage waveform on C.
8. method according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that voltage waveform u on described electric capacity CCXCalculating formula is：
Current waveform i on described electric capacity CCXCalculating formula is：
9. method according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that the described waveform sampling time is 10s～30s.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2852930Y (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-01-03 | 创鸿电子科技有限公司 | Portable digital multifunction measuring instrument |
| US20120190957A1 (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-26 | Pacesetter, Inc. | System and method for monitoring cardiac disease |
| CN205373858U (en) * | 2015-11-21 | 2016-07-06 | 马俊 | Electronic scale of human impedance of high -frequency measurement |
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2016
- 2016-11-25 CN CN201611052232.7A patent/CN106419916B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2852930Y (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-01-03 | 创鸿电子科技有限公司 | Portable digital multifunction measuring instrument |
| US20120190957A1 (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-26 | Pacesetter, Inc. | System and method for monitoring cardiac disease |
| CN205373858U (en) * | 2015-11-21 | 2016-07-06 | 马俊 | Electronic scale of human impedance of high -frequency measurement |
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