CN106413022B - A kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol - Google Patents
A kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN106413022B CN106413022B CN201610840249.2A CN201610840249A CN106413022B CN 106413022 B CN106413022 B CN 106413022B CN 201610840249 A CN201610840249 A CN 201610840249A CN 106413022 B CN106413022 B CN 106413022B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implementation methods of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol, the method comprises the following steps: the aggregation node of S1, the water surface periodically inquires frame, hop count needed for underwater sensor node obtains arrival aggregation node by forwarding inquiries frame to underwater sensor node broadcasts；S2, source node send data packet to aggregation node by broadcast channel；S3, neighbor node first judge itself whether belong to forwarding collection after receiving data packet, and broadcast data packet after waiting for a period of time if belonging to, the depth and hop count of the node are smaller, its waiting time is shorter；S4, step S3 is repeated until aggregation node receives data packet.The present invention merely with node depth and node to hop count needed for aggregation node as unique signaling overheads, improve network throughput, also solve the routing issue of white space He " path wanders off ", better adapted to underwater acoustic channel and be delayed big feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water sound sensor network, underwater sound routing protocol technology field, especially a kind of underwater sound sensor net
The implementation method of network opportunistic routing protocol.
Background technique
Ocean engineering has become a big hot spot of current scientific and technical research, underwater sound communication be in exploitation marine resources and
One of key technology in Development of Marine military affairs, research and development underwater sound communication system have very important significance of scientific research and answer
With value.With the development of wireless networking technology, water sound sensor network is increasingly becoming the support technology of underwater sound communication.It is close
Year, researcher expands water sound sensor network in all various aspects such as underwater acoustic channel, underwater sound modem, MAC, routing
Research, obtains no small progress.
Underwater communication environment is very harsh, and underwater acoustic channel is a kind of doubly-selective fading channel, have time-varying, space-variant,
The characteristics of frequency becomes, there are serious multipath effect and Doppler effect, water sound sensor network generally requires to pass through multihop path
The data being collected into are transmitted to the aggregation node on sea, therefore how multi-path jamming is serious, ambient noise is big, delay spread
Greatly, it is the key that one of underwater sound communication network design that reliable routing is provided in the narrow underwater sound communication environment of available bandwidth.
It usually requires to be communicated by multihop routing between underwater sound communication network interior joint, it is therefore desirable in source node and mesh
Node between establish data transmission path.Traditional being routed through is established routing table and is maintained, or in data
Sending node is searched out to the path of destination node by route finding process before sending, still, the side of both data forwardings
Formula requires to establish, the process of maintenance routing, the influence and little that this process generates terrestrial radio communication, but is based on
The challenge of above-mentioned underwater sound communication, this process can occupy a large amount of channel resource of water sound sensor network, and it is logical not to be suitable for the underwater sound
Letter.
The present invention proposes water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol regarding to the issue above, is not increasing additional expense
In the case where, underwater acoustic network architectural characteristic is utilized and intermediate node is properly received the probability of data packet, improves network and gulps down
The amount of spitting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of water sound sensor network chance routing
The implementation method of agreement, using depth and hop count information collects the condition of determination as forwarding and the waiting time calculates factor, solves
The routing issue that white space and path wander off, while network overhead is reduced, improve the handling capacity of network.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol, the described method comprises the following steps:
1) aggregation node of the water surface periodically inquires frame to underwater sensor node broadcasts, and underwater sensor node is logical
Cross hop count needed for forwarding inquiries frame obtains arrival aggregation node；
2) number is sent to the aggregation node of the water surface by broadcast channel using underwater any sensor node as source node
According to packet；
3) whether adjacent sensor node receives data packet, judged itself to belong to according to the hop count of itself and depth
After forward node collection, all sensor nodes obtain in real time by self-contained pressure sensor and update the depth of oneself
Degree sends data packet if belonging to relay forwarding node collection after waiting for a period of time, sensor node reaches needed for aggregation node
Hop count it is smaller, depth is more shallow, then the waiting time is shorter, if sensor node listens to other sensors section within the waiting time
Point has sent identical data packet, then the sensor node is abandoned sending the data packet；
4) step 3) is repeated until the aggregation node of the water surface receives the data packet.
Preferably, in step 1), inquiry frame carries inquiry frame ID, depth, hop count, and the depth is for recording upper hop biography
Sensor node depth, initial value 0, the hop count is for recording jump needed for upper hop sensor node reaches aggregation node
Number, initial value 0.
Preferably, in step 1), each underwater sensor node maintains local depth information, local hop count information, and
Storage allocation stores the inquiry frame ID sequence received, and whether the inquiry frame to judge to receive is to receive for the first time.
Preferably, in step 1), after underwater sensor node receives inquiry frame, receiving for itself storage is first passed through
Inquiry frame ID sequence judges whether oneself is to receive the inquiry frame for the first time, if it is not, then abandon the inquiry frame, if so,
Then continue to judge whether the depth of sensor node itself is bigger than the depth value in inquiry frame depth, if it is, frame will be inquired
Jumping figure value add and copied in the hop count of sensor node local together, and the depth value of oneself is copied to the depth of inquiry frame
Original value is covered, then, inquiry frame of the sensor node by hop count, after depth is changed is broadcasted.
Preferably, in order to guarantee to inquire frame along the top-down direction of propagation, if the depth of sensor node is received than it
The value of the depth of the inquiry frame arrived is small, then the sensor node abandons the inquiry frame.
Preferably, in step 2), packet header of the data packet that the source node is sent is in addition to including data packet ID, source node
Except depth, source node are relative to the hop count of aggregation node, also comprising a depth variable for recording subsequent relay forwarding section
The depth of point.
Preferably, in step 3), adjacent sensor node judges whether oneself belongs to the condition of relay forwarding node collection
Are as follows: the depth of the adjacent sensors node than upper hop sensor node depth as shallow, while the adjacent sensors node reach
The hop count of aggregation node is multiple m smaller than the hop count that upper hop sensor node reaches aggregation node；This means that adjacent biography
The hop count and depth of sensor node, which must satisfy the following conditions, could have forwarding qualification: Nr≤m×Nr-1, Dr≤Dr-1, wherein Nr
Hop count needed for reaching aggregation node for current sensor node, Nr-1It is reached needed for aggregation node for upper hop sensor node
Hop count, DrFor the depth of current sensor node, Dr-1For the depth of upper hop sensor node, m is one normal less than 1
Number.
Preferably, in step 3), there is the waiting time t of the adjacent sensor node of forwarding qualificationrCalculation formula
Are as follows:
Wherein k is to wait coefficient, RsIndicate the spread scope of source node, c is the spread speed of sound wave in water, NrTo work as
Front sensor node reaches aggregation node hop count, NsThe hop count that aggregation node is reached for source node, in the formula, sensor section
Point depth is more shallow, and hop count is smaller, and the waiting time is also shorter.
Preferably, in step 3), terminate when the waiting time, sensor node broadcasts forward data packet, other belong to relaying
The forwarding that the sensor node of forwarding collection listens to the sensor node then stops waiting timing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, the present invention provides a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol, only with depth and hop count as determining road
By information, greatly reduce network overhead, alleviate underwater acoustic channel and be delayed big burden.
2, the present invention proposes that neighbor node will meet certain hop count condition and just can have forwarding qualification, to eliminate
The white space node of the high hop count node that path wanders off and hop count failure may occur, and then avoid common path and wander off
With the routing issue of white space.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of water sound sensor network of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of Routing Protocol implementation method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of water sound sensor network of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the underwater sound sensor of the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of network opportunistic routing protocol, in conjunction with above structure figure and schematic diagram, present embodiment discloses a kind of underwater sound sensors
The implementation method of network opportunistic routing protocol, as shown in figure 3, specifically include the following steps:
1) aggregation node of the water surface periodically inquires frame to underwater sensor node broadcasts, and underwater sensor node is logical
Cross hop count needed for forwarding inquiries frame obtains arrival aggregation node；
2) number is sent to the aggregation node of the water surface by broadcast channel using underwater any sensor node as source node
According to packet；
3) whether adjacent sensor node receives data packet, judged itself to belong to according to the hop count of itself and depth
After forward node collection, all sensor nodes obtain in real time by self-contained pressure sensor and update the depth of oneself
Degree sends data packet if belonging to relay forwarding node collection after waiting for a period of time, sensor node reaches needed for aggregation node
Hop count it is smaller, depth is more shallow, then the waiting time is shorter, if sensor node listens to other sensors section within the waiting time
Point has sent identical data packet, then the sensor node is abandoned sending the data packet；
4) step 3) is repeated until the aggregation node of the water surface receives the data packet.
Illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 2, water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol the following steps are included:
1. hop count needed for node A, B, C, D, E, F, G obtain itself arrival aggregation node by step 1), passes through simultaneously
Portable pressure sensor obtains the depth of itself.
2. assuming that node E collects data and needs to send, node E sends data packet PACKET I as source node this moment,
If the packet ID of PACKET I is the depth D that the packet header 137, PACKET I stores source node EEFor 27m, hop count NEIt is 6.
3.A, B, C, D, F, G node all receive the data packet PACKET I of source node E broadcast, they need respectively to sentence this moment
Break and oneself whether belongs to forward node collection.Belong to forward node collection to node, two conditions need to be met: firstly, the node
Depth is than the depth as shallow of upper hop node, and secondly the hop count of node arrival aggregation node reaches the jump of aggregation node than source node
Number wants small certain multiple k.K value is set as 1, the depth of node A, B, C, D, F, G are respectively DAFor 28m, DBFor 26.5m, DCFor
26.7m、DDFor 26m, DFFor 26.7m, DGFor 26.7m, hop count is respectively NAFor 6, NBFor 5, NCFor 5, NDFor 4, NFFor failure, NG
It is 9, node F can not receive the inquiry frame that aggregation node is initiated from top to bottom, so not having effective due to being in white space
Hop count information.
The value of depthmeter is deep in A node depth ratio PACKET I, DA> DE, therefore it is unsatisfactory for condition, it is not belonging to forward node
Collection.Node G hop count is too high, is unsatisfactory for NG< k × NE, node F belongs to white space, do not have effective hop count, be unsatisfactory for NF<
k×NE, therefore F, G do not have forwarding qualification, node B, C, D meet D respectivelyB< DE,NB< k × NE、DC< DE,NC< k × NE、
DD< DE,ND< k × NE, so node B, C, D belong to forward node collection.The waiting time of node B is by formula
It can be calculated respectively 9.38 × 10-3Us, wherein setting RsIt is 3 × 10 for 2m, c-8S, node C, D are by identical calculating
Formula calculates to obtain tC=9.45 × 10-3us、tD=9.11 × 10-3us.It will thus be seen that the waiting time of node D is most short, it is being waited
To 9.11 × 10-3PACKET I is broadcast after us, also within the waiting time, they have listened to D and have sent out node B and C at this time
PACKET I is sent, in order to avoid conflict and the wasting of resources, they, which are abandoned, forwards the packet.
4. according to the method for routing that repeats the above steps, until the aggregation node of the water surface receives PACKET I.
The above, only the invention patent preferred embodiment, but the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, anyone skilled in the art is in the range disclosed in the invention patent, according to the present invention the skill of patent
Art scheme and its patent of invention design are subject to equivalent substitution or change, belong to the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol, it is characterised in that: the method includes following steps
It is rapid:
1) aggregation node of the water surface periodically inquires frame to underwater sensor node broadcasts, and underwater sensor node is by turning
Hop count needed for hair inquiry frame obtains arrival aggregation node；
2) data packet is sent to the aggregation node of the water surface by broadcast channel using underwater any sensor node as source node；
3) adjacent sensor node receives data packet, judges that itself whether belonging to relaying turns according to the hop count of itself and depth
Node collection is sent out, all sensor nodes obtain in real time by self-contained pressure sensor and update the depth of oneself, if
Belong to relay forwarding node collection, then sends data packet, jump needed for sensor node reaches aggregation node after waiting for a period of time
Number is smaller, and depth is more shallow, then the waiting time is shorter, if sensor node listens to other sensors node hair within the waiting time
Identical data packet is sent, then the sensor node is abandoned sending the data packet；
Wherein, adjacent sensor node judges whether oneself belongs to the condition of relay forwarding node collection are as follows: the adjacent sensors
The depth of node than upper hop sensor node depth as shallow, while the adjacent sensors node reach aggregation node hop count ratio
The hop count that upper hop sensor node reaches aggregation node wants small multiple m；This mean that adjacent sensors node hop count and
Depth, which must satisfy the following conditions, could have forwarding qualification: Nr≤m×Nr-1, Dr≤Dr-1, wherein NrFor current sensor node
Hop count needed for reaching aggregation node, Nr-1Hop count needed for reaching aggregation node for upper hop sensor node, DrTo work as forward pass
The depth of sensor node, Dr-1For the depth of upper hop sensor node, m is a constant less than 1；
4) step 3) is repeated until the aggregation node of the water surface receives the data packet.
2. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 1), inquiry frame carries inquiry frame ID, depth, hop count, and the depth is for recording upper hop sensor node depth, just
Initial value is 0, and the hop count is for recording hop count needed for upper hop sensor node reaches aggregation node, initial value 0.
3. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 1), each underwater sensor node maintains local depth information, local hop count information, and storage allocation is received to store
The inquiry frame ID sequence arrived, whether the inquiry frame to judge to receive is to receive for the first time.
4. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 1), after underwater sensor node receives inquiry frame, the inquiry frame ID sequence received for first passing through itself storage is sentenced
Whether oneself be for the first time receive the inquiry frame, if it is not, then the inquiry frame is abandoned, if it is, continuing judgement sensing if breaking
Whether the depth of device node itself is bigger than the depth value in inquiry frame depth, if it is, the jumping figure value for inquiring frame is added together
It copies in the hop count of sensor node local, and the depth that the depth value of oneself is copied to inquiry frame is original to cover
Value, then, sensor node broadcast the inquiry frame after hop count, depth change.
5. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In order to guarantee to inquire frame along the top-down direction of propagation, if the depth of sensor node is than the depth for the inquiry frame that it is received
Value it is small, then the sensor node abandons the inquiry frame.
6. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 2), packet header of the data packet that the source node is sent is opposite in addition to the depth comprising data packet ID, source node, source node
Except the hop count of aggregation node, also it is used to record the depth of subsequent relay forward node comprising a depth variable.
7. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 3), there is the waiting time t of the adjacent sensor node of forwarding qualificationrCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein k is to wait coefficient, RsIndicate the spread scope of source node, c is the spread speed of sound wave in water, NrTo work as forward pass
Sensor node reaches aggregation node hop count, NsThe hop count that aggregation node is reached for source node, in the formula, sensor node is deep
Degree is more shallow, and hop count is smaller, and the waiting time is also shorter.
8. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 3), terminate when the waiting time, sensor node broadcasts forward data packet, other belong to the sensor section of relay forwarding collection
The forwarding that point listens to the sensor node then stops waiting timing.
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| CN108243480A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-03 | 南京华讯方舟通信设备有限公司 | A kind of unmanned plane ad hoc network chance routing algorithm based on the prediction of link available bandwidth and forward travel distance |
| CN110620622B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-06-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Flooding route design method suitable for multi-buoy underwater acoustic network |
| CN110519819B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2022-07-22 | 西北工业大学 | Communication method of underwater acoustic sensor network routing protocol based on layering |
| CN110768909B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-02-26 | 吉林大学 | Routing method and device in underwater acoustic communication network |
| CN111065144B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛科技大学 | Underwater sensor network distributed opportunistic routing method based on photoacoustic fusion |
| CN111278078B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-06-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for realizing self-adaptive routing protocol of mobile sparse underwater acoustic sensor network |
| CN111641990B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-08-02 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater acoustic sensor network transmission method with high data packet delivery rate and energy efficiency |
| CN113099392B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-10-26 | 青海师范大学 | Underwater broadcast transmission method based on hierarchy and state |
| CN113079092B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-04-15 | 河海大学 | Method for inhibiting repeated forwarding of data by chance route of underwater acoustic network |
| CN113709035B (en) * | 2021-07-18 | 2022-08-02 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater sound network infiltration routing method |
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