CN106413022A - Realization method for underwater acoustic sensor network opportunistic routing protocol - Google Patents
Realization method for underwater acoustic sensor network opportunistic routing protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN106413022A CN106413022A CN201610840249.2A CN201610840249A CN106413022A CN 106413022 A CN106413022 A CN 106413022A CN 201610840249 A CN201610840249 A CN 201610840249A CN 106413022 A CN106413022 A CN 106413022A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a realization method for an underwater acoustic sensor network opportunistic routing protocol. The method comprises the steps of S1, a sink node on the water periodically broadcasts query frames to underwater sensor nodes, and the underwater sensor nodes obtain the required number of hops for arriving at the sink node by forwarding the query frames; S2, a source node sends a data packet to the sink node through a broadcast channel; S3, after a neighbor node receives the data packet, whether the neighbor node belongs to a forwarding set or not is judged, if the neighbor node belongs to the forwarding set, the neighbor node broadcasts the data packet after waiting for a period of time, wherein the less the depth and the number of hops of the node are, the short the waiting time of the node is; and S4, the step S3 is repeated until the sink node receives the data packet. According to the method, only the node depth and the required number of the hops from the nodes to the sink node are taken as unique signaling overheads, the network throughput is improved, the routing problem of a blank area and path deviation is solved, and the feature that the delay of the underwater acoustic channel is high is adapted well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water sound sensor network, underwater sound routing protocol technology field, especially a kind of underwater sound sensor net
The implementation method of network opportunistic routing protocol.
Background technology
Ocean engineering has become as a big focus of current scientific and technical research, underwater sound communication be exploitation marine resources and
One of key technology in Development of Marine military affairs, research and development underwater sound communication system has very important significance of scientific research and answers
With being worth.With the development of Wireless Network, water sound sensor network is increasingly becoming the support technology of underwater sound communication.More closely
Year, research worker expands to water sound sensor network in all many-sides such as underwater acoustic channel, underwater sound modem, MAC, route
Research, obtains no small progress.
Communication environment under water is very harsh, and underwater acoustic channel is a kind of doubly-selective fading channel, have time-varying, space-variant,
, there is serious multipath effect and Doppler effect, water sound sensor network generally requires by multihop path in the feature that frequency becomes
By the aggregation node of the data transfer collected to sea, therefore how multi-path jamming serious, background noise is big, delay spread
Greatly, reliable route is provided to be one of key of underwater sound communication network design in the narrow underwater sound communication environment of available bandwidth.
Typically require between underwater sound communication network interior joint and communicated by multihop routing it is therefore desirable in source node and mesh
Node between set up the path of data transfer.Traditional it is routed through setting up routing table and being maintained, or in data
Before sending, sending node is searched out to the path of destination node by route finding process, but, the side of both data forwardings
Formula is required for the process set up, maintenance route, and the impact that this process produces to terrestrial radio communication is simultaneously little, but is based on
The challenge of above-mentioned underwater sound communication, this process can take the substantial amounts of channel resource of water sound sensor network, be not suitable for the underwater sound and lead to
Letter.
The present invention proposes water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol for the problems referred to above, is not increasing extra expense
In the case of, make use of underwater acoustic network architectural characteristic and intermediate node to be properly received the probability of packet, improve network and gulp down
The amount of telling.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of water sound sensor network chance route
The implementation method of agreement, using depth and hop count information as forwarding collection determination condition and waiting time to calculate factor, solves
The routing issue that white space and path wander off, reduces network overhead simultaneously, improves the handling capacity of network.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol, the method comprising the steps of：
1) to sensor node broadcasts inquiry frame under water, sensor node under water leads to the aggregation node periodicity of the water surface
Cross forwarding inquiries frame and obtain the jumping figure reaching needed for aggregation node；
2) any sensor node under water is passed through broadcast channel as source node and send number to the aggregation node of the water surface
According to bag；
3) adjacent sensor node receives packet, and whether the jumping figure according to itself and depth are come in judging itself and belonging to
Continue forward node collection, and all of sensor node is obtained in real time by self-contained pressure transducer and updates the depth of oneself
Degree, if belonging to relay forwarding set of node, sends packet, sensor node reaches needed for aggregation node after waiting for a period of time
Jumping figure less, depth is more shallow, then the waiting time is shorter, if sensor node listens to other sensors section within the waiting time
Point have sent identical packet, then this sensor node is abandoned sending this packet；
4) repeat step 3) until the aggregation node of the water surface receives this packet.
Preferably, step 1) in, inquiry frame carries inquiry frame ID, depth, jumping figure, and described depth is used for recording upper hop biography
Sensor node depth, initial value is 0, and described jumping figure is used for recording the jump needed for upper hop sensor node arrival aggregation node
Number, initial value is 0.
Preferably, step 1) in, each underwater sensor node maintains local depth information, local hop count information, and
Storage allocation storing the inquiry frame ID sequence receiving, in order to judge whether the inquiry frame receiving is to receive for the first time.
Preferably, step 1) in, after sensor node under water receives inquiry frame, first pass through receiving of itself storage
Inquiry frame ID sequence judges whether oneself is to receive this inquiry frame for the first time, if it is not, then abandoning this inquiry frame, if it is,
Then continue to judge whether the depth of sensor node itself is bigger than the depth value in inquiry frame depth, if it is, frame will be inquired about
Jumping figure value add and copy in the lump in the local jumping figure of sensor node, and the depth value of oneself is copied to the depth of inquiry frame
To cover original value, then, the inquiry frame after jumping figure, depth change is broadcasted by sensor node.
Preferably, in order to ensure to inquire about frame along the top-down direction of propagation, if its receipts of the depth ratio of sensor node
The value of the depth of inquiry frame arriving is little, then this sensor node abandons this inquiry frame.
Preferably, step 2) in, packet header of the packet that described source node sends is except comprising packet ID, source node
Outside depth, source node are with respect to the jumping figure of aggregation node, also comprise a depth variable and be used for recording subsequent relay forwarding section
The depth of point.
Preferably, step 3) in, adjacent sensor node judges whether oneself belongs to the condition of relay forwarding set of node
For：The depth as shallow of the depth ratio upper hop sensor node of this adjacent sensors node, this adjacent sensors node arrival simultaneously
The jumping figure of aggregation node multiple m less than the jumping figure of source node arrival aggregation node；This means that adjacent sensors node
Jumping figure and depth must are fulfilled for following condition and just can have forwarding qualification：Nr≤m×Nr-1, Dr≤Dr-1, wherein NrFor current sensor
Device node reaches the jumping figure needed for aggregation node, Nr-1Reach the jumping figure needed for aggregation node, D for upper hop sensor noderFor
The depth of current sensor node, Dr-1For the depth of upper hop sensor node, m is a constant less than 1.
Preferably, step 3) in, there is the waiting time t of the adjacent sensor node forwarding qualificationrComputing formula
For：
Wherein k is to wait coefficient, RsRepresent the spread scope of source node, c is spread speed in water for the sound wave, NrIt is to work as
Front sensor node reaches aggregation node jumping figure, NsReach the jumping figure of aggregation node, in this formula, sensor section for source node
Point depth is more shallow, and jumping figure is less, and the waiting time is also shorter.
Preferably, step 3) in, terminate when the waiting time, sensor node broadcasts forward packet, and other belong to relaying
The forwarding that the sensor node collecting listens to this sensor node is forwarded then to stop waiting timing.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and beneficial effect：
1st, the present invention provides a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol, only with depth and jumping figure as determination road
By information, greatly reduce network overhead, alleviate the big burden of underwater acoustic channel time delay.
2nd, the present invention proposes neighbor node and will meet certain jumping figure condition and just can have forwarding qualification, thus eliminating
It may happen that the white space node that the high jumping figure node that wanders off of path and jumping figure lost efficacy, and then avoid common path and wander off
Routing issue with white space.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of water sound sensor network of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the Routing Protocol implementation method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In this.
Embodiment 1：
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of water sound sensor network of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the underwater sound sensor of the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of network opportunistic routing protocol, in conjunction with said structure figure and schematic diagram, present embodiment discloses a kind of underwater sound sensor
The implementation method of network opportunistic routing protocol, as shown in figure 3, specifically include following step：
1) to sensor node broadcasts inquiry frame under water, sensor node under water leads to the aggregation node periodicity of the water surface
Cross forwarding inquiries frame and obtain the jumping figure reaching needed for aggregation node；
2) any sensor node under water is passed through broadcast channel as source node and send number to the aggregation node of the water surface
According to bag；
3) adjacent sensor node receives packet, and whether the jumping figure according to itself and depth are come in judging itself and belonging to
Continue forward node collection, and all of sensor node is obtained in real time by self-contained pressure transducer and updates the depth of oneself
Degree, if belonging to relay forwarding set of node, sends packet, sensor node reaches needed for aggregation node after waiting for a period of time
Jumping figure less, depth is more shallow, then the waiting time is shorter, if sensor node listens to other sensors section within the waiting time
Point have sent identical packet, then this sensor node is abandoned sending this packet；
4) repeat step 3) until the aggregation node of the water surface receives this packet.
To illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 2, water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol comprises the following steps：
1. node A, B, C, D, E, F, G passes through step 1) obtain the jumping figure itself reaching needed for aggregation node, pass through simultaneously
The pressure transducer carried with obtains the depth of itself.
2. assume that node E collects data and needs to send, node E sends packet PACKET I as source node this moment,
If the bag ID of PACKET I stores depth D of source node E for 137, PACKET I packet headerEFor 27m, jumping figure NEFor 6.
3.A, B, C, D, F, G node all receives the packet PACKET I of source node E broadcast, and they need each to sentence this moment
Break and oneself whether belong to forward node collection.Belong to forward node collection to node, two conditions need to be met：First, this node
The depth as shallow of depth ratio upper hop node, the jumping figure of next this node arrival aggregation node reaches the jump of aggregation node than source node
Number will little certain multiple k.Set k value as 1, the depth of node A, B, C, D, F, G is respectively DAFor 28m, DBFor 26.5m, DCFor
26.7m、DDFor 26m, DFFor 26.7m, DGFor 26.7m, jumping figure is respectively NAFor 6, NBFor 5, NCFor 5, NDFor 4, NFFor inefficacy, NG
For 9, node F, due to being in white space, can not receive the inquiry frame that aggregation node is initiated from top to bottom, so not having effectively
Hop count information.
In A node depth ratio PACKET I, the value of depthmeter is deep, DA>DE, therefore it is unsatisfactory for condition, it is not belonging to forward node
Collection.Node G jumping figure is too high, is unsatisfactory for NG<k×NE, node F belongs to white space, do not possess effective jumping figure, be unsatisfactory for NF<k
×NE, therefore F, G do not possess forwarding qualification, node B, C, D meet D respectivelyB<DE,NB<k×NE、DC<DE,NC<k×NE、DD<DE,
ND<k×NE, so node B, C, D belong to forward node collection.The waiting time of node B by formula is
Can be calculated respectively 9.38 × 10-3Us, wherein sets RsFor 2m, c is 3 × 10-8S, node C, D are calculated by identical
Formula calculates to obtain tC=9.45 × 10-3us、tD=9.11 × 10-3us.It will thus be seen that the waiting time of node D is the shortest, it is waiting
Treat 9.11 × 10-3PACKET I is broadcast, now also within the waiting time, they have listened to D and have sent out node B and C after us
Send PACKET I, in order to avoid conflict and the wasting of resources, they abandon this bag of forwarding.
4. according to the method for routing with repeat the above steps, until the aggregation node of the water surface receives PACKET I.
The above, patent preferred embodiment only of the present invention, but the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, in scope disclosed in patent of the present invention for any those familiar with the art, according to the skill of patent of the present invention
Art scheme and its patent of invention design in addition equivalent or change, broadly fall into the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implementation method of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol it is characterised in that：Methods described includes following step
Suddenly：
1) to sensor node broadcasts inquiry frame under water, sensor node under water passes through to turn the aggregation node periodicity of the water surface
Send out inquiry frame and obtain the jumping figure reaching needed for aggregation node；
2) any sensor node under water is passed through broadcast channel as source node and send packet to the aggregation node of the water surface；
3) adjacent sensor node receives packet, and whether the jumping figure according to itself and depth turn to judge itself to belong to relay
Send out set of node, all of sensor node is obtained in real time by self-contained pressure transducer and updates the depth of oneself, if
Belong to relay forwarding set of node, then send packet after waiting for a period of time, sensor node reaches the jump needed for aggregation node
Number is less, and depth is more shallow, then the waiting time is shorter, if sensor node listens to other sensors node within the waiting time and sends out
Send identical packet, then this sensor node is abandoned sending this packet；
4) repeat step 3) until the aggregation node of the water surface receives this packet.
2. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 1) in, inquiry frame carries inquiry frame ID, depth, jumping figure, and described depth is used for recording upper hop sensor node depth, just
Initial value is 0, and described jumping figure is used for recording the jumping figure needed for upper hop sensor node arrival aggregation node, and initial value is 0.
3. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 1) in, each underwater sensor node maintains local depth information, local hop count information, and storage allocation to store receipts
The inquiry frame ID sequence arriving, in order to judge whether the inquiry frame receiving is to receive for the first time.
4. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 1) in, after sensor node under water receives inquiry frame, the inquiry frame ID sequence receiving first passing through itself storage is sentenced
Whether oneself be for the first time receive this inquiry frame, if it is not, then abandoning this inquiry frame, if it is, continuing to judge sensing if breaking
Whether the device node depth of itself is bigger than the depth value in inquiry frame depth, if it is, the jumping figure value of inquiry frame is added in the lump
Copy in the local jumping figure of sensor node, and by the depth value of oneself copy to inquiry frame depth to cover original
Value, then, the inquiry frame after jumping figure, depth change is broadcasted by sensor node.
5. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
In order to ensure to inquire about frame along the top-down direction of propagation, if its depth of inquiry frame of receiving of the depth ratio of sensor node
Value little, then this sensor node abandons this inquiry frame.
6. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 2) in, the packet header of the packet that described source node sends is except comprising packet ID, the depth of source node, source node relatively
Outside the jumping figure of aggregation node, also comprise a depth variable for recording the depth of subsequent relay forward node.
7. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 3) in, adjacent sensor node judges that the condition whether oneself belongs to relay forwarding set of node is：This adjacent sensors
The depth as shallow of the depth ratio upper hop sensor node of node, the jumping figure ratio of the aggregation node of this adjacent sensors node arrival simultaneously
The jumping figure that source node reaches aggregation node will little multiple m；This jumping figure meaning that adjacent sensors node and depth must expire
Just can have forwarding qualification enough to lower condition：Nr≤m×Nr-1, Dr≤Dr-1, wherein NrReach for current sensor node and converge section
The required jumping figure of point, Nr-1Reach the jumping figure needed for aggregation node, D for upper hop sensor noderFor current sensor node
Depth, Dr-1For the depth of upper hop sensor node, m is a constant less than 1.
8. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 3) in, there is the waiting time t of the adjacent sensor node forwarding qualificationrComputing formula be：
Wherein k is to wait coefficient, RsRepresent the spread scope of source node, c is spread speed in water for the sound wave, NrIt is to work as forward pass
Sensor node reaches aggregation node jumping figure, NsReach the jumping figure of aggregation node for source node, in this formula, sensor node is deep
Degree is more shallow, and jumping figure is less, and the waiting time is also shorter.
9. a kind of water sound sensor network opportunistic routing protocol according to claim 1 implementation method it is characterised in that：
Step 3) in, terminate when the waiting time, sensor node broadcasts forward packet, and other belong to the sensor section of relay forwarding collection
The forwarding that point listens to this sensor node then stops waiting timing.
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| CN110519819A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of communication means of the water sound sensor network Routing Protocol based on layering |
| CN110620622A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-12-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Flooding route design method suitable for multi-buoy underwater acoustic network |
| CN110768909A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-07 | 吉林大学 | Routing method and device in underwater acoustic communication network |
| CN111065144A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-24 | 青岛科技大学 | Underwater distributed opportunistic routing protocol based on photoacoustic fusion |
| CN111278078A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for realizing self-adaptive routing protocol of mobile sparse underwater acoustic sensor network |
| CN111641990A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater acoustic sensor network transmission method with high data packet delivery rate and energy efficiency |
| CN113079092A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 河海大学 | Method for inhibiting repeated forwarding of data by chance route of underwater acoustic network |
| CN113099392A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-09 | 青海师范大学 | Underwater broadcast transmission method based on hierarchy and state |
| CN113709035A (en) * | 2021-07-18 | 2021-11-26 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater sound network infiltration routing method |
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| CN108243480A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-03 | 南京华讯方舟通信设备有限公司 | A kind of unmanned plane ad hoc network chance routing algorithm based on the prediction of link available bandwidth and forward travel distance |
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| CN110519819B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2022-07-22 | 西北工业大学 | Communication method of underwater acoustic sensor network routing protocol based on layering |
| CN110519819A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of communication means of the water sound sensor network Routing Protocol based on layering |
| CN110768909A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-07 | 吉林大学 | Routing method and device in underwater acoustic communication network |
| CN111065144A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-24 | 青岛科技大学 | Underwater distributed opportunistic routing protocol based on photoacoustic fusion |
| CN111065144B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛科技大学 | Underwater sensor network distributed opportunistic routing method based on photoacoustic fusion |
| CN111278078A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for realizing self-adaptive routing protocol of mobile sparse underwater acoustic sensor network |
| CN111278078B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-06-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for realizing self-adaptive routing protocol of mobile sparse underwater acoustic sensor network |
| CN111641990A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater acoustic sensor network transmission method with high data packet delivery rate and energy efficiency |
| CN111641990B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-08-02 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater acoustic sensor network transmission method with high data packet delivery rate and energy efficiency |
| CN113099392B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-10-26 | 青海师范大学 | Underwater broadcast transmission method based on hierarchy and state |
| CN113099392A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-09 | 青海师范大学 | Underwater broadcast transmission method based on hierarchy and state |
| CN113079092A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 河海大学 | Method for inhibiting repeated forwarding of data by chance route of underwater acoustic network |
| CN113079092B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-04-15 | 河海大学 | Method for inhibiting repeated forwarding of data by chance route of underwater acoustic network |
| CN113709035B (en) * | 2021-07-18 | 2022-08-02 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater sound network infiltration routing method |
| CN113709035A (en) * | 2021-07-18 | 2021-11-26 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater sound network infiltration routing method |
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