CN106410591B - Self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser - Google Patents
Self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN106410591B CN106410591B CN201610839265.XA CN201610839265A CN106410591B CN 106410591 B CN106410591 B CN 106410591B CN 201610839265 A CN201610839265 A CN 201610839265A CN 106410591 B CN106410591 B CN 106410591B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser, which comprises a resonant cavity consisting of a gain medium, a saturable absorber and an output cavity mirror, wherein the resonant cavity absorbs energy provided by a laser pumping source and is used for generating and outputting passive Q-switched pulse laser; the laser pulse feedback device is composed of an attenuator, an optical fiber delayer and a total reflection mirror and is used for delaying the laser pulse output by the resonant cavity intercepted by the spectroscope for a certain time, attenuating certain energy and then feeding back to the resonant cavity. The passive Q-switched pulse laser has the advantages that the passive Q-switched pulse output by the laser is not easily influenced by the spontaneous radiation noise of the gain medium and the fluctuation of the intensity of the pumping light, and the pulse time interval and the energy stability can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Q-switched lasers, in particular to a self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser.
Background
The Q-switching technology is developed to meet the requirements of the fields of industrial production, laser medical treatment, military application, basic scientific research and the like on narrow-pulse-width and high-peak-power pulse lasers. The loss factor (or Q value) of the resonant cavity is controlled to change according to a certain rule, and at the beginning stage of pumping excitation, the resonant cavity has high loss (low Q value), so that a laser has a high threshold value and cannot generate laser oscillation, and injected energy is gradually accumulated to a higher level. Then at the right moment, the cavity loss factor is suddenly reduced (high Q value), the threshold value is reduced to a lower level, and the accumulated energy is converted into laser energy in a very short time to form a narrow-pulse-width and high-peak-power laser pulse output.
The Q-switching method is generally divided into active Q-switching and passive Q-switching, wherein the passive Q-switching is realized by arranging a saturable absorber in a cavity and periodically controlling the loss of a resonant cavity by utilizing the saturable absorption effect of the saturable absorber to obtain pulse output. When the pumping process starts, the saturable absorber has a large absorption coefficient, the resonant cavity loss is large, and the laser cannot establish oscillation. The spontaneous emission is gradually enhanced along with the accumulation of energy in the gain medium, and when the absorption coefficient of the saturable absorber is reduced to a certain degree, the gain in the laser is larger than the loss, and laser oscillation begins to be established in the spontaneous emission. With the increase of the light intensity brought by the oscillation, the absorption coefficient of the saturable absorber is further obviously reduced, and the light intensity of the laser is promoted to be increased more rapidly, so that an avalanche process of continuously strengthening the laser is generated, and laser pulse output is formed. The mode has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume and narrower pulse width, does not need a high-voltage driving source, has low cost and higher reliability and system compatibility, and can be widely applied to the fields of high-precision three-dimensional imaging, environment detection, micro-machining and the like.
However, for a common passive Q-switched laser, since the pulse is generated by the change of the saturable absorber loss, is associated with the self-intensity and is established from the spontaneous emission, the spontaneous emission noise of the gain medium and the fluctuation of the pump light intensity are easy to affect the process, so that the interval time and the pulse energy of the output pulse of the laser are easy to shake, the improvement of the laser performance is limited, and the practical application is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the passive Q-switched laser which improves the output stability by means of self pulse regulation is provided, and the problem that the stability of the traditional passive Q-switched laser is easily influenced by the spontaneous radiation noise of a gain medium and the fluctuation of the intensity of pumping light is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a self-stabilization passive Q-switched laser comprises a laser pumping source, a gain medium, a saturable absorber, an output cavity mirror, a spectroscope, an attenuator, an optical fiber delayer and a total reflector;
the gain medium, the saturable absorber and the output cavity mirror are sequentially arranged in a coaxial way from left to right to form a resonant cavity, absorb the energy output by the laser pumping source and generate and output passive Q-switched pulse laser;
the surface of the spectroscope is plated with a partial transmittance film layer corresponding to the laser wavelength output by the resonant cavity, the spectroscope transmits one part of the laser output by the resonant cavity and outputs the part of the laser as the output end of the Q-switched laser, and intercepts and reflects the other part of the laser output to a laser pulse feedback device, and the laser pulse feedback device is formed by sequentially arranging an attenuator, an optical fiber retarder and a total reflection mirror in a coaxial way from left to right; meanwhile, a part of the laser output after the feedback processing of the pulse feedback device can be intercepted and reflected back to the resonant cavity;
the laser pulse feedback device delays the laser pulse output by the resonant cavity intercepted and reflected by the spectroscope for a period of time and performs energy attenuation, then the laser pulse is fed back to the resonant cavity through the spectroscope, the laser pulse reenters the resonant cavity before the next output pulse of the resonant cavity is formed by spontaneous radiation to replace the spontaneous radiation, new laser oscillation is established on the basis of the laser pulse feedback device, and a new next passive Q-switched pulse is formed and output out of the resonant cavity.
The laser pumping source is a semiconductor laser diode.
The gain medium is a solid gain medium, stores energy therein and is used for generating and amplifying intracavity oscillation laser; one side of the gain medium close to the pumping source is plated with a high anti-reflection film layer aiming at pumping light and a high reflection film layer aiming at oscillation laser to form a resonant cavity reflector.
The saturable absorber is a solid medium or a liquid medium and is used for generating passive Q-switched laser pulse output in the resonant cavity.
The output cavity mirror is a concave mirror or a plane mirror, and one surface facing the gain medium is plated with a partial transmission film layer aiming at the oscillation laser and a high transmission film layer aiming at the pump light, and is used for coupling and outputting the laser in the cavity and filtering the pump light which is not absorbed by the gain medium.
The attenuator consists of a set of neutral density filters.
The total reflector is a plane mirror, and a high-reflection film layer aiming at the laser wavelength output by the resonant cavity is plated on the surface of one side facing the optical fiber delayer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser provided by the invention, the resonant cavity outputs laser pulses in a passive Q-switched mode, a part of the laser pulses is intercepted by the spectroscope and is injected into the pulse feedback device as a signal, and after proper time delay and energy attenuation, the laser pulses reenter the resonant cavity before the next pulse of the resonant cavity is formed by spontaneous radiation to replace the spontaneous radiation. The resonator will establish a new laser oscillation based on this signal, forming a new next passively Q-switched pulse output cavity out. The above steps are repeated in a circulating way, and a series of pulse sequence outputs under the control of the laser are formed. Because each pulse is established on the basis of the previous pulse, and the oscillation is formed by taking a part of the previous pulse as a 'seed' instead of the spontaneous radiation, the pulse is not easily influenced by the spontaneous radiation noise of the gain medium and the fluctuation of the intensity of the pump light, and the pulse time interval and the energy stability can be effectively improved. And the stability improvement process is the self behavior of the laser, no complex control equipment is needed, and the application range of the laser is greatly expanded.
Drawings
To further illustrate the detailed technical content of the present invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-stabilized passive Q-switched laser according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a self-stabilized passively Q-switched laser proposed by the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the laser includes: the device comprises a laser pumping source 1, a gain medium 2, a saturable absorber 3, an output cavity mirror 4, a spectroscope 5, an attenuator 6, a fiber delay 7 and a total reflection mirror 8.
The laser pumping source 1 is located at one side of the gain medium 2, and injects pumping light with a specific wavelength and meeting certain spatial distribution into the gain medium to provide excitation energy for the gain medium and maintain the operation of the laser, and the spectrum of the pumping light needs to be matched with the absorption spectrum of the gain medium to realize better absorption rate.
The gain medium 2, the saturable absorber 3 and the output cavity mirror 4 are coaxially arranged on the light path in sequence to form a passive Q-switched laser resonant cavity. A total reflection film layer aiming at oscillation laser and a high anti-reflection film layer aiming at pump light are plated on the surface of the gain medium 2 close to the laser pump source 1 and are used as a total reflection mirror of the resonant cavity and an input mirror of the pump light; the gain medium 2 can absorb the pump light and store energy therein for generating and amplifying the intracavity oscillating laser light. The saturable absorber 3 is composed of a crystal or liquid having saturable absorption effect, and its absorption coefficient decreases with the increase of the incident light intensity thereon, for generating passively Q-switched laser pulse output in the resonant cavity. The output cavity mirror 4 is a concave mirror or a plane mirror, and one surface facing the gain medium is plated with a partial transmission film layer aiming at the oscillation laser and a high transmission film layer aiming at the pump light, and is used for coupling and outputting the laser in the cavity and filtering the pump light which is not absorbed by the gain medium.
The attenuator 6, the optical fiber delay 7 and the total reflection mirror 8 are sequentially arranged on the light path to form the laser pulse feedback device. The attenuator 6 is composed of a group of neutral density filters, and through increasing or decreasing the filters, the transmitted laser can be scaled and attenuated in proportion to obtain laser pulses meeting the required energy requirement; the fiber delay device is composed of a specific length of optical fiber, and can make the output laser pulse obtain a specific time delay therein, and the delay time is determined by the length of the optical fiber and the speed of light in the optical fiber medium. The total reflection mirror 8 is a plane mirror, and a high reflection film layer aiming at the laser wavelength output by the resonant cavity is coated on the surface of one side facing the optical fiber retarder 7, so that the laser can reversely output the pulse feedback device.
The surface of the spectroscope 5 is plated with a partial transmittance film layer corresponding to the laser wavelength output by the resonant cavity, and the partial transmittance film layer is used for outputting one part of the laser output by the resonant cavity to a laser and intercepting and reflecting the other part of the laser output to a pulse feedback device; meanwhile, a part of laser output by the pulse feedback device can be intercepted and reflected back to the laser resonant cavity.
When the laser operates, the resonant cavity outputs laser pulses in a passive Q-switching mode, a part of the laser pulses is intercepted by the spectroscope 5 and is injected into the pulse feedback device as a signal, and after proper time delay and energy attenuation, the laser pulses reenter the resonant cavity before the next output pulse of the resonant cavity is formed by spontaneous radiation to replace the spontaneous radiation. The resonator will establish a new laser oscillation based on this signal, forming a new next passively Q-switched pulse output cavity out. The above steps are repeated in a circulating way, and a series of pulse sequence outputs under the control of the laser are formed. Because each pulse is established on the basis of the previous pulse, and the oscillation is formed by taking a part of the previous pulse as a 'seed' instead of the spontaneous radiation which is independent of each other, the pulse is not easily influenced by the spontaneous radiation noise of the gain medium and the fluctuation of the intensity of the pumping light, and the pulse time interval and the energy stability can be effectively improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser pumping source (1), a gain medium (2), a saturable absorber (3), an output cavity mirror (4), a spectroscope (5), an attenuator (6), an optical fiber delayer (7) and a total reflector (8);
the gain medium (2), the saturable absorber (3) and the output cavity mirror (4) are sequentially arranged coaxially from left to right to form a resonant cavity, absorb the energy output by the laser pumping source (1), and generate and output passive Q-switched pulse laser;
the surface of the spectroscope (5) is plated with a partial transmittance film layer corresponding to the laser wavelength output by the resonant cavity, the spectroscope (5) transmits one part of the laser output by the resonant cavity and outputs the part of the laser as the output end of the Q-switched laser, and intercepts and reflects the other part of the laser output to a laser pulse feedback device, and the laser pulse feedback device is formed by sequentially arranging an attenuator (6), an optical fiber delayer (7) and a total reflection mirror (8) in a coaxial way from left to right; meanwhile, a part of the laser output after the feedback processing of the pulse feedback device can be intercepted and reflected back to the resonant cavity;
the attenuator (6) consists of a group of neutral density filters, and the filters in the attenuator (6) are increased or decreased to proportionally attenuate the transmitted laser so as to obtain laser pulses meeting the required energy requirement;
the laser pulse feedback device delays the laser pulse output by the resonant cavity intercepted and reflected by the spectroscope (5) for a period of time and performs energy attenuation, then the laser pulse is fed back to the resonant cavity through the spectroscope (5), the laser pulse enters the resonant cavity again before the next output pulse of the resonant cavity is formed by spontaneous radiation to replace the spontaneous radiation, new laser oscillation is established on the basis of the laser pulse feedback device, and a new next passive Q-switched pulse is formed and output out of the resonant cavity; each pulse is established on the basis of the previous pulse, and the oscillation is formed by a part of the previous pulse as a seed, but not formed by spontaneous radiation which is independent of each other;
the gain medium (2) is a solid gain medium, stores energy therein and is used for generating and amplifying intracavity oscillation laser; one side of the gain medium (2) close to the pumping source is plated with a high anti-reflection film layer aiming at pumping light and a high reflection film layer aiming at oscillation laser to form a resonant cavity reflector; the output cavity mirror (4) is a concave mirror or a plane mirror, and one surface facing the gain medium is plated with a partial transmission film layer aiming at the oscillation laser and a high transmission film layer aiming at the pump light, and is used for coupling and outputting the laser in the cavity and filtering the pump light which is not absorbed by the gain medium;
the attenuator (6) is composed of a group of neutral density filters and is used for attenuating the energy of the laser with a specific multiplying power so that the energy of the laser is obviously lower than the energy of the output pulse and can exceed the spontaneous emission.
2. A self-stabilized passively Q-switched laser according to claim 1, wherein the laser pump source (1) is a semiconductor laser diode.
3. A self-stabilized passively Q-switched laser according to claim 1, wherein the saturable absorber (3) is a solid medium or a liquid medium for generating passively Q-switched laser pulse output in the resonant cavity.
4. A self-stabilized passively Q-switched laser according to claim 1, wherein the total reflection mirror (8) is a flat mirror, and a surface of a side facing the fiber retarder (7) is coated with a high reflection film for the laser wavelength of the output laser of the resonator.
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| CN201610839265.XA CN106410591B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | Self-stabilizing passive Q-switched laser |
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| CN106410591B true CN106410591B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| CN110444999B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-11-17 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Laser based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and Q-switching method |
| CN112247346A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 北京卓镭激光技术有限公司 | Laser light path alignment device and laser light path alignment method |
| CN112924980A (en) * | 2021-01-23 | 2021-06-08 | 行云智能(深圳)技术有限公司 | Binocular depth-of-field camera ranging method |
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| CN102904154A (en) * | 2012-10-14 | 2013-01-30 | 北京工业大学 | Pulsed laser for improving output polarization property |
| CN204333593U (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-05-13 | 北京光电技术研究所 | Passive Q regulation pulse laser |
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