CN106410316B

CN106410316B - Battery pack and vehicle having such a battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN106410316B
Application number: CN201610596972.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·陈; A·乔克
Original assignee: Volkswagen Automotive Co ltd
Current assignee: Volkswagen Automotive Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-07-31
Filing date: 2016-07-26
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-26
Also published as: DE102015214654A1; CN106410316A

Abstract

The invention particularly proposes a battery assembly (3) having a battery housing (4), a battery carrier (5) which forms the bottom, to which two or more battery modules (9) are fastened and which are electrically connected to each other, wherein at least one heat exchanger (12) is arranged between two adjacent battery cell modules (9), which is connected or connectable in a fluid-tight manner by means of at least one inlet connection stub and at least one return connection stub (20, 21) to an associated receiving element (24, 25) of a fluid line of a fluid circuit within the battery housing (4), and wherein the connection stubs (20, 21) together with the receiving elements (24, 25) form a releasable quick-connection.

Description

Battery pack and vehicle having such a battery pack

Technical Field

The invention relates to a battery assembly according to the invention in combination with the features of claim 1. The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, having such a battery assembly according to claim 12.

Background

Hybrid or electric vehicles are operated with the aid of rechargeable electrical energy stores, also referred to as traction batteries. During the recharging of the battery, in particular during rapid charging, high power losses occur, which can lead to high thermal loading of the battery. In order to cope with this situation, a temperature regulation of the traction battery is required, which is effected, for example, by means of a cooling device. In this respect, DE 102010007975B 4 proposes a charging station for an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle, which charging station has a cooling device with at least one cooling line that can be connected to the motor vehicle for supplying coolant to the traction battery. In this case, the traction battery should have a cooling module with at least one cooling channel, wherein during charging the coolant supplied by means of the cooling line of the charging station is guided through the cooling channel of the traction battery. The connection of the cooling line of the cooling device of the charging station to the vehicle-side connection of the cooling module for the traction battery is produced by a connection (kupplong).

It is also known that the service life of traction batteries is reduced when their operating temperature exceeds 40 ℃ and their efficiency is reduced below-10 ℃. Furthermore, the temperature difference between the individual battery cells is also not more than 5 ℃. In order to ensure that the boundary conditions are known, the traction battery is attached to a vehicle-side cooling system. In this case, the battery-side cooling module is attached to a low-temperature cooling cycle of the motor vehicle, wherein the thermal management device ensures that: maintaining the desired operating temperature range. Such a desired working temperature range is, for example, 20 ℃ to 30 ℃. Furthermore, the temperature controller regulates the temperature of the battery system in all operating states of the battery system, in particular also during driving of the motor vehicle, in the temperature range. DE 102008059969 a1 discloses a cooling module which is plate-shaped as a heat exchanger and is connected in a thermally conductive manner to individual cells of the battery within a battery housing. Proceeding from the heat exchanger, the coolant line section leads into a region outside the battery housing and is connected there in a fluid-tight manner to an air conditioning unit of the vehicle by means of a releasable coupling element. There is no description of how a direct connection between the coolant line section and the heat exchanger can be achieved. However, it is known from an obvious prior use (offekundige Vorbenutzung) to fasten the cooling line fluid-tightly to the connection stub of the heat exchanger by means of a manually fitted pipe clamp. Said measures are expensive, since tools must be provided for this purpose, which tools also require correspondingly large free spaces for operation. In addition, in the event of a possible incorrect assembly and the resulting introduction of a clip into the battery system, the battery system is disassembled, since there is a potential risk of electricity.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a battery assembly which can be produced simply and cost-effectively and which in particular permits a comfortable manual assembly of the fluid lines on the heat exchanger of the battery assembly inside the battery housing. The object of the invention is, furthermore, to provide a vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, having a battery assembly of the type described above.

The object is achieved by a battery assembly having a battery carrier of a battery housing, which is designed as a floor, to which two or more battery modules are fastened and electrically coupled to each other, wherein at least one heat exchanger is arranged between two adjacent battery modules, which heat exchanger is connected or can be connected in a fluid-tight manner inside the battery housing by means of at least one inlet connector stub and at least one return connector stub to an assigned receiving element of a fluid line through which a fluid circulates, and wherein the connector stubs, together with the receiving element, are designed as releasable quick connectors (Schnellanschl schnellschl ü sse).

According to the invention, a quick coupling is understood to mean a fluid-tight connection between two tubular ends of a fluid line, which is achieved solely by axial, in particular manual, engagement of the ends. Other manual engagement measures (for example by means of mechanical fastening elements which in particular require a tool) are therefore not necessary. The fluid-tight attachment of the fluid line fluid to the heat exchanger inside the battery housing is advantageously simplified by this measure. In addition, savings are achieved in terms of production time and material, in particular.

The dependent claims specify preferred developments or configurations of the invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, which is particularly practical, the connection stubs are each of tubular design and are inserted or insertable into a tubular receiving element of the assigned fluid line and are connected or connectable to one another in a form-fitting manner.

In order to achieve the form-locking, the respective connector stub is preferably designed here as a circumferential latching element which is directed radially outward from the outer lateral surface of the connector stub and which corresponds to a latching counterpart assigned to the receiving element and directed radially inward.

Furthermore, the latching element, which is preferably circumferential in the present case, is preferably formed integrally with the connecting stub, so that savings in terms of material and production time are achieved.

According to an embodiment of the particularly simple and functionally reliable latch pairing, which is formed by a clamping element which can be fastened to the base part of the receiving element and which in the assembled state at least partially surrounds (umgreifend) the terminal stub, the clamping element comprises a spring-elastically formed, arcuate base body which is formed by an intermediate arcuate section and arcuate legs which engage on the intermediate arcuate section at both ends, wherein one latch pairing is formed on the free end of each arcuate leg.

The latching partners are preferably arranged opposite one another in a pincer-like manner and point towards one another. In the assembled state of the clamping piece with the base part of the receiving element and the connector stub, the latching counter-portions extend through corresponding openings in the wall of the base part of the receiving element and thus fix the connector stub on the receiving element in the axial direction.

The arcuate base body of the clamping part is guided in a movable manner in the guide groove of the base part, preferably transversely to the longitudinal direction of the receiving element, i.e. from a first operating state "I", which corresponds to the base state, in which the intermediate arcuate section of the arcuate base body is arranged radially spaced apart from the outer contour of the base part of the receiving element and the latching partners are in a latching state with respect to the latching element, to a second operating state "II", in which the intermediate arcuate section of the arcuate base body is arranged against or close to the outer contour of the base part of the receiving element. This has the following advantages: easy accessibility and manual handling of the clamping piece for possibly requiring the release of the form-closure. For this purpose, the two arcuate legs each form a ramp, which engages on the middle arcuate section of the arcuate base body and carries the latching partners. In this case, the ramp is supported on the base part of the receiving element in such a way that: as a result of the movement of the clamping part from its first operating state "I" into its second operating state "II", the latching partners are moved away from each other in the radial direction and the latching of the latching partners with the latching elements of the connector stub is released.

As a further development of the invention, the connecting stub is preferably arranged at an angle "a" away from the battery carrier, so that the manual connection of the fluid line to the respectively associated connecting stub of the heat exchanger is simplified, in particular, while the installation space requirement is minimized. The following angle "α" is indicated to be particularly advantageous: the angle is selected from the range of 10 ° to 30 °. The angle "a" is preferably about 15 °.

As regards the at least one heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is preferably designed in a plate-like manner, so that it is advantageously applied with a large surface to two adjacent battery cell modules designed with plate-like contact surfaces in each case.

The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, having a battery assembly of the aforementioned type.

Drawings

The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to an embodiment which is schematically shown in the drawing. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, however, but encompasses all configurations defined by the claims. The figures show:

figure 1 very schematically shows a motor vehicle equipped with a battery assembly constructed according to the invention,

figure 2 shows the battery assembly in perspective view,

figure 3 shows an exploded perspective view of an assembled unit consisting of two battery cell modules and a heat exchanger,

figure 4 shows the assembled unit according to figure 3 in assembly,

figure 5 shows a detail "Z" according to figure 2,

fig. 6 shows a sectional illustration of a quick coupling between a heat exchanger and a fluid line, corresponding to section line "a-a" according to fig. 5,

figure 7 shows a detail "Y" according to figure 6,

fig. 8 shows the quick coupling according to fig. 6 and 7 in a perspective, single-piece illustration, with the coupling stub arranged on the heat exchanger side and the receiving element for the coupling stub arranged on the fluid line side,

figure 9 shows a perspective individual view of the basic part of the receiving element,

figure 10 shows a perspective individual view of the clamping piece of the receiving element,

FIG. 11 shows a view from the front side of the receiving element according to FIG. 9, with a view of the clamping element, which is in a first operating or base state, and

fig. 12 shows a view on the end face of the receiving element according to fig. 9 with a view of the clamping element, which is in a second operating state.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a vehicle 1, in this case a motor vehicle, having an electric motor 2 as a drive motor and having a battery assembly 3 which forms a traction battery. According to the exemplary embodiment, a purely electrically operated motor vehicle 1 is therefore provided. Naturally, the invention also encompasses a so-called hybrid vehicle which has an internal combustion engine (not illustrated) in addition to one or more electric motors 2.

According to fig. 2, the battery assembly 3 has a battery housing 4 with a bottom-designed battery carrier 5, which is designed in the form of a basin with a carrier bottom 5a and an upwardly directed carrier wall 5 b. This form of the battery holder 5 corresponds to a preferred form of the battery case 4 in view of water resistance. A cover element 6, which is only schematically illustrated, is assigned to the battery carrier 5, is placed on a free end face 7 of the pot-shaped battery carrier 5 and is centered by means of a hollow cylindrical centering pin 8 illustrated in fig. 2 and is screwed by means of a screw, which is not illustrated in any drawing, which passes through the centering pin 8. An annular seal, not shown in the drawing, is preferably provided for sealing the engagement point. Furthermore, the battery holder 5 is preferably at least a casting made of, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

The invention is not limited to the preferably basin-shaped battery support 5, but rather also comprises a substantially plate-shaped battery support 5 and therefore does not have the support wall 5b (not shown in the drawing).

The battery carrier 5 is equipped with eight battery cell modules 9, which are electrically connected to one another, wherein every fourth battery cell module 9 forms a

module stack

10a, 10b, and each

module stack

10a, 10b comprises two assembly units 11. According to fig. 2 to 4, each assembly unit 11 consists of two, merely exemplary given, right-angled parallelepiped-shaped battery cell modules 9, between which a plate-shaped heat exchanger 12 is arranged, which is preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The two cell modules 9 of each assembly unit 11 together with the heat exchanger 12 are fixed in a force-fitting manner to the battery carrier 5 or to the carrier base 5a thereof by means of a screw connection, not shown in the drawing, while connecting a first and a

second module carrier

13, 14, which are arranged at the end sides of the two cell modules 9.

According to the present exemplary embodiment, the first and

second module carriers

13, 14 have a substantially X-shaped configuration (fig. 3 and 4) and are each preferably formed by a substantially flat sheet metal bending part and/or a stamping part. The free legs 15 of the

X-shaped module carriers

13, 14 are bent at 90 ° to the respective cell module 9 and each have a fastening hole 16. The two battery cell modules 9 are connected to one another by means of fastening holes 16 of

adjacent module carriers

13, 14 visible in fig. 4 and fastening screws 17 which penetrate through the two battery cell modules 9 and the assigned through-bores of the heat exchanger 12 (fig. 4). The fastening screw 17 is axially supported at one end by its screw head 18 on the free leg 15 of the first module carrier 13 and at the other end by the nut 19 on the free leg 15 of the second module carrier 14. The nut 19 is preferably connected in a material-locking manner by welding to the associated leg 15 of the second module carrier 14 as a so-called weld nut.

As fig. 3 in particular shows, the heat exchanger 12 has two

junction pieces

20, 21 which allow the heat exchanger 12 to be attached to a known and therefore not graphically shown fluid circuit of the vehicle 1, in particular a cooling circuit of the vehicle. The cooling cycle preferably relates to a low temperature cooling cycle. The fluid circuit is accordingly a cooling circuit through which a cooling medium flows, which cooling medium comprises, for example, water and glycol. The junction stub 20 is integrated or can be integrated into a so-called inlet flow of the cooling circuit, and the further junction stub 21 is integrated or can be integrated into a so-called return flow of the cooling circuit. In this regard, fig. 2 shows the

line sections

22a, 22b of the fluid lines of the accumulator carrier 5 equipped with the inlet and return of the cooling circuit; 23a, 23b together with the battery module 9. Two

line sections

22a, 22b are provided for the inflow and the return, respectively; 23a, 23b are used for the four heat exchangers 12 of the battery assembly 3, and the line sections each have two receiving

elements

24, 25 for connecting the line sections to the respectively associated

junction stub

20 or 21 in a fluid-tight manner inside the battery housing 4. The receiving

elements

24, 25 are produced as separate components and are connected to one another in the

respective line section

22a, 22 b; 23a, 23 b.

As fig. 6 in particular shows, the connection stubs 20, 21 are spaced apart from the battery carrier 5 at an angle "α", that is to say are directed upwards toward the cover element 6, so that the

line sections

22a, 22b of the fluid lines of the inlet and return of the cooling circuit; the attachment of the

respective receiving elements

24, 25 of 23a, 23b is simplified. An angle "α" of 10 ° to 30 °, however preferably an angle "α" of about 15 °, has proved to be advantageous in experiments.

The

line sections

22a, 23a of the inflow and the

line sections

22b, 23b of the return each converge at the other end and can be connected to a short junction line, not shown in the drawing, of the cooling circuit by means of

coupling elements

26, 27. It can be seen that the two

coupling elements

26, 27 are guided through the support base 5a of the battery support 5 to the outside, so that the connection and disconnection of the connections (not illustrated in the drawing) is also effected with the battery housing 4 closed.

According to fig. 5 to 12, the

respective junction stub

20, 21 of each heat exchanger 12 and the

line sections

22a, 22b of the fluid line; 23a, 23b, the respective assigned receiving

element

24, 25 forms a releasable quick coupling. As already explained above, a quick coupling according to this exemplary embodiment is understood to mean a fluid-tight connection between two tubular ends of a fluid line, which is achieved exclusively by axial, in particular manual, engagement of the ends. Other manual engagement measures (for example by means of mechanical fastening elements which in particular require a tool) are therefore not necessary.

The

connection stub

20, 21 is therefore currently configured in a tubular manner and is inserted into the receiving

elements

24, 25 configured in a tubular manner by an axial movement of said receiving elements (fig. 6, 7) according to the directional arrow 28 in fig. 5. The connection stubs 20, 21 and the assigned receiving

elements

24, 25 are connected to one another in the assembled state in a form-fitting and fluid-tight manner. The fluid-tightness is achieved by at least one, in this case two, preferably elastomeric, annular seals 29 which are inserted into the receiving

elements

24, 25 and form a unit therewith. In the assembled state of the connecting

stub

20, 21 and the receiving

element

24, 25, the annular seal 29 is supported not only on the inner contour of the receiving

element

24, 25 but also on the outer or outer lateral surface of the connecting stub 20, 21 (fig. 6, 7).

In order to achieve the form-locking, the connecting

stubs

20, 21 have circumferential latching elements 30 which are directed radially outward from the outer side of the connecting stub or, depending on the form of the annular collar, are formed integrally with the connecting

stub

20, 21. The connection stubs 20, 21 are preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and are configured in this respect in conformity with the heat exchanger 12 material.

The latching elements 30 correspond to two latching

partners

31, 32 assigned to the receiving

elements

24, 25 and pointing radially inward. The latching partners 31, 32 are formed by a clamping part 33 which can be fastened to the

base parts

24a, 25a of the receiving

elements

24, 25 and which in the assembled state at least partially surrounds the terminal stub 20, 21 (see in particular fig. 7 to 10). Both the

base parts

24a, 25a and the clamping part 33 are preferably produced from plastic, further preferably according to a plastic injection molding process.

According to fig. 10, the clamping part 33 comprises a spring-elastic, arcuate base body 34, which is formed by an intermediate arcuate section 34a and

arcuate legs

34b, 34c, which engage on both ends in each case on the intermediate arcuate section. At the free end of each of the

arcuate legs

34b, 34c, in each case one of the latching

partners

31, 32 is formed, which are arranged opposite one another in a so-called pincer-like manner and point toward one another.

In the assembled state of the clamping element 33 with the

base parts

24a, 25a of the receiving

elements

24, 25, the arcuate base body 34 of the clamping element 33 is guided displaceably transversely to the longitudinal direction of the receiving

elements

24, 25 in guide grooves 36 which are formed in the outer side of the wall 35 of the

base parts

24a, 25 a. The latching partners 31, 32 extend through corresponding openings 37, 38 in the wall 35 of the

base parts

24a, 25a (fig. 8 to 10). If the receiving

elements

24, 25 are axially inserted onto the connector stubs 20, 21, the detent element 30, due to the suitable inclination formed thereon, causes the

detent counterparts

31, 32 with the

arcuate legs

34b, 34c to deviate or splay radially away from one another and then to be positioned behind the

detent counterparts

31, 32, as a result of which the detent counterparts then spring back and thus fix the connector stubs 20, 21 axially on the receiving

elements

24, 25, according to the directional arrow 28 in fig. 5. During the axial displacement of the receiving

elements

24, 25 onto the connecting

stubs

20, 21, the annular sealing 29 of the receiving

elements

24, 25 is brought into fluid-tight operative connection with the connecting stubs 20, 21 (fig. 6, 7).

In order to be able to release the form-fit connection between the latching element 30 and the latching

counterparts

31, 32 or between the connection stubs 20, 21 and the receiving

elements

24, 25, the arcuate base body 34 of the clamping part 33 can be transferred from the first operating state "I" into the second operating state "II" (fig. 6, 7, 11). The first operating state "I" corresponds to a basic state of the clamping element 33 in which the central arcuate section 34a of the arcuate base body 34 is arranged radially spaced apart from the outer contour of the

base parts

24a, 25a of the receiving

elements

24, 25 and the latching

partners

31, 32 are in the latched state relative to the latching elements 30 of the connector stubs 20, 21 in the manner described above.

As a result of the force "F" preferably being applied manually to the junction stubs 20, 21 in the radial direction onto the intermediate arcuate section 34a (fig. 12), it is possible, starting from the first operating state "I" or the basic state of the arcuate base body 34, to switch into a second operating state "II", in which the intermediate arcuate section 34a of the arcuate base body 34 contacts or is close to the outer contour of the receiving

elements

24, 25. The two

arcuate legs

34b, 34c which engage on the central arcuate section 34a of the arcuate base body 34 and carry the latching

partners

31, 32 each form a ramp 39, 40 (see in particular fig. 10). The

ramps

39, 40 are supported on the

base parts

24a, 25a of the receiving

elements

24, 25 or on at least one support bridge 41 formed inside the guide grooves 36 of the

base parts

24a, 25a in such a way that: as a result of the displacement of the clamping part 33 from its first operating state "I" into its second operating state "II", the latching

partners

31, 32 move or spread apart radially away from one another and release the latching thereof from the latching elements 30 of the connector stubs 20, 21 (fig. 12). Next, the receiving

elements

24, 25 can be axially withdrawn from the connecting

stubs

20, 21 against the directional arrow 28 shown in fig. 6.

List of reference numerals

1 vehicle

2 electric motor

3 accumulator assembly

4 accumulator case

5 accumulator support

5a support bottom

5b support wall

6 cover element

7 end side (support wall 5b)

8 centering pin

9 Battery monomer module

10a module group

10b module group

11 assembly unit

12 heat exchanger

13 first module support

14 second module support

15 feet (Module support 13, 14)

16 fastening hole

17 fastening screw

18 screw head

19 nut

20 short joint pipe (inflow part)

21 short joint (reflux)

22a pipe section (inflow)

22b pipe section (Return part)

23a pipe section (inflow)

23b pipe section (Return part)

24 receiving element

24a base part

25 receiving element

25a base part

26 coupling element

27 coupling element

28 arrow in the direction of

29 annular seal

30 latching element

31-latch counterpart

32-latch counterpart

33 clamping part

34 base body

34a middle arcuate section

34b arcuate leg

34c arcuate foot

35 wall

36 guide groove

37 opening

38 opening

39 slope

40 slope

41 support bridge

Angle of "alpha

"I" first operating condition (clamping member 33)

"II" second operating condition (clamping member 33)

Force "F

Claims

1. Battery assembly (3), comprising a battery carrier (5) of a battery housing (4) forming a base, two or more battery cell modules (9) being fastened to the battery carrier (5) and being electrically coupled to one another, wherein at least one heat exchanger (12) is arranged between two adjacent battery cell modules (9), which is connected or connectable in a fluid-tight manner by means of at least one inlet connector stub and at least one return connector stub (20, 21) to an assigned receiving element (24, 25) of a fluid line of a fluid circuit within the battery housing (4), and wherein the connector stubs (20, 21) together with the receiving elements (24, 25) form a releasable quick-action connection,

wherein the connecting stubs (20, 21) are each of tubular design and are inserted or insertable into tubular receiving elements (24, 25) of the assigned fluid line and are connected or connectable to one another in a form-fitting manner;

wherein, in order to achieve the form-locking of the respective connector stub (20, 21), a circumferential latching element (30) which is directed radially outward from the outer side of the connector stub is formed, which latching element corresponds to a latching counterpart (31, 32) which is assigned to the receiving element (24, 25) and which is directed radially inward,

wherein the latch partners (31, 32) are formed by a clamping element (33) which can be fastened to a base part (24a, 25a) of the receiving element (24, 25) and which, in the assembled state, at least partially surrounds the terminal stub (20, 21), the clamping element (33) comprising a spring-elastically formed, arcuate base body (34) which is formed by an intermediate arcuate section (34a) and arcuate legs (34b, 34c) which engage on the intermediate arcuate section at both ends, wherein one of the latch partners (31, 32) is formed on the free end of each arcuate leg (34b, 34c) in each case,

wherein, in the assembled state, the arcuate base body (34) of the clamping piece (33) is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the receiving elements (24, 25),

wherein an arcuate base body (34) of the clamping part (33) is guided in a guide groove (36) of the base part (24a, 25a) in a movable manner transversely to the longitudinal direction of the receiving element (24, 25), i.e. from a first operating state "I", which corresponds to the base state, in which an intermediate arcuate section (34a) of the arcuate base body (34) is arranged radially spaced apart from the outer contour of the base part (24a, 25a) of the receiving element (24, 25) and the latching engagement (31, 32) is in a latching state in which the intermediate arcuate section (34a) of the arcuate base body (34) latches into the latching element (30), to a second operating state "II", in which the intermediate arcuate section (34a) of the arcuate base body (34) abuts against or is close to a counterpart of the receiving element (24, 25), 25) Of the base parts (24a, 25a), and

wherein the two arcuate legs (34b, 34c) each form a ramp (39, 40) which engages over the central arcuate section (34a) of the arcuate base body (34) and carries the latching partners (31, 32), wherein the ramps (39, 40) are supported on the base parts (24a, 25a) of the receiving elements (24, 25) in such a way that: as a result of the clamping element (33) being moved from its first operating state "I" into its second operating state "II", the latching partners (31, 32) are moved away from one another in the radial direction and the latching of the latching partners with the latching elements (30) of the connector stubs (20, 21) is released.

2. Accumulator assembly (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the latching element (30) is constructed in one piece with the junction stub (20, 21).

3. Accumulator assembly (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the snap-on counterparts (31, 32) are arranged opposite one another in a pincer-like manner and are directed towards one another and, in the assembled state of the clamping piece (33) with the base section (24a, 25a) of the receiving element (24, 25) and the connector stub (20, 21), penetrate through a respective opening (37, 38) in the wall (35) of the base section (24a, 25a) of the receiving element (24, 25) and fix the connector stub (20, 21) in the axial direction on the receiving element (24, 25).

4. Accumulator assembly (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the junction stub (20, 21) is arranged directed away from the accumulator carrier (5) at an angle "a".

5. Accumulator assembly (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that said angle "a" is selected from the range from 10 ° to 30 °.

6. Accumulator assembly (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that said angle "a" is 15 °.

7. Battery assembly (3) according to one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 6, characterized in that the at least one heat exchanger (12) is constructed plate-like.

8. Vehicle (1) having a battery assembly (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Vehicle (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the vehicle (1) is a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.