CN106404343B - The test device and measurement method of trawl board hydrodynamic performance - Google Patents
The test device and measurement method of trawl board hydrodynamic performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106404343B CN106404343B CN201610874862.6A CN201610874862A CN106404343B CN 106404343 B CN106404343 B CN 106404343B CN 201610874862 A CN201610874862 A CN 201610874862A CN 106404343 B CN106404343 B CN 106404343B
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- attack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of test device and test method of trawl board hydrodynamic performance, device includes X direction guiding rails, Y-direction guide rail, the first and second sensors, the first and second sensor platforms, turntable, model fixing bracket, fixed change, wire, foil support and model of fishing gear.Method includes the following steps：It takes and determines water velocity and meet the stream angle of attack, test bracket mushing error；It adjusts model of fishing gear and meets the stream angle of attack, record X ' and Y ' direction values of first sensor, record the X and Y-direction numerical value of second sensor；Calculate the resultant force of X and Y-direction；Correct support interferences error；Change model of fishing gear meets the stream angle of attack, repeats experiment and obtains the hydrodynamic performance parameter that difference meets stream angle of attack model of fishing gear；Water velocity is adjusted, the hydrodynamic performance parameter that experiment obtains different water velocity model of fishing gear is repeated.The run-off the straight when present invention avoids model of fishing gear from being run in flow ensures the accuracy of test, improves testing efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of trawl board hydrodynamic performance test, more particularly to a kind of trawl board hydrodynamic force
The test device and measurement method of performance.
Background technology
Trawl board is the important component that fishing net horizontal extension is realized in trawlnet production operation, the quality of hydrodynamic performance
It is an important factor for influencing catch and catching rate.Flow can be analyzed to mutually hang down with web movement direction to the hydrodynamic force of web plate
The expansionary force of straight expansionary force and the water resistance parallel with web movement direction, wherein web plate plays expansion netting gear, increases and sweep
The effect of sea product, and expansionary force and the ratio of water resistance are then to weigh web plate efficiency important parameter.At present about trawlnet
The method that the test method of web plate hydrodynamics characteristic has numerical simulation and water trough model experiment.According to the actual job ring of fishing gear
Border, the method tested using water trough model are more satisfactory.In order to assess existing trawl board performance or the novel trawl board of design,
The model of fishing gear of small scale is made according to fishing gear model test similarity criterion, and places it in the actual job environment phase of same fishing gear
As under the conditions of, the shape and stressing conditions of its presentation are observed and measure, so as to inferring the practical fishing gear representated by it in operation
When truth.Water trough model experiment is predictable or verifies the performance and reasonability of fishing gear, obtains design, improves trawl board
With the scientific basis of adjustment trawl board application method.
At present in model of fishing gear experiment, model of fishing gear is generally fixed by 1 holder, and three component or six square phase are directly connected to
Sensor, or fixed by 3 holders, it is separately connected resistive force sensor, lift transducer and torque sensor.Utility model patent
" a kind of apparatus for adjusting position of fishing gear model of fishing gear " (ZL2013201457119) and a kind of utility model patent " automatic adjustment
The device of model of fishing gear experiment condition " (201520794333.6) is all made of the method that single holder fixes model of fishing gear.Due to
Single support intensity is poor, in testing when water velocity is larger, it may appear that the case where fixing bracket tilted rearward.Work as fishing
When having model run-off the straight, fluoran stream surface product changes therewith, influences experimental result precision.And it needs according to angle of inclination pair
Test result is modified, and workload is larger.More supporting structure interference volumes are bigger than normal, and structure is complex, should not safeguard.Most terminate
Fruit needs to be converted according to different coordinates, influences measurement effect, and there is a problem of poor to the applicability of different models.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance and measurements
Method, run-off the straight when model of fishing gear being avoided to be run in flow ensure the accuracy of test, improve testing efficiency.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is to provide a kind of survey of trawl board hydrodynamic performance
Trial assembly is set, including two X direction guiding rails, three Y-direction guide rails, first sensor, second sensor, first sensor platform, second
Sensor platform, turntable, model fixing bracket, fixed change, wire, foil support and model of fishing gear, the Y-direction guide rail
Slideable to be installed vertically on X direction guiding rails, the both ends of the first sensor platform are slidably mounted at two Y-direction guide rails
On, the turntable is mounted on above first sensor platform, and the first sensor is fixed under first sensor platform
Side, model fixing bracket upper end are installed to first sensor, lower end and model of fishing gear installation and fix, the second sensor
The both ends of platform are slidably mounted in two Y-direction guide rails, along X to corresponding with the position of first sensor platform, described
Two sensors are fixed on the lower section of second sensor platform, the upper end of the foil support be installed to second sensor, lower end with
The lower face of model of fishing gear is concordant, and the bottom of the inner ring of the fixed change and model of fishing gear connects, described wire one end with
The outer shroud connection of fixed change, the lower end connection of the other end and foil support.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the foil support is streamlined.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the X direction guiding rails are mounted on the pool wall top of experimental tank.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the installation direction of the X direction guiding rails is parallel with water (flow) direction.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the foil support is jack column and is fixed equipped with length
Structure.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the first sensor and second sensor are all made of three component
Sensor.
The present invention solves another technical solution used by its technical problem and is to provide a kind of above-mentioned trawl board water of utilization
The test method of power performance detector, includes the following steps：
(1) contrived experiment operating mode, wherein water velocity take i grades, meet the stream angle of attack and take j grades, remove model of fishing gear and wire,
Test water velocity be Vi when model fixing bracket and foil support mushing error, resistance interference parameter be first sensor and
The sum of the surveyed X-direction numerical value of second sensor FX0, lift interference parameter surveys Y-direction number by first sensor and second sensor
The sum of value FY0；
(2) model of fishing gear and wire are installed, turntable is adjusted, it is α to make the stream angle of attack of meeting of model of fishing gearj, record first
X ' direction values the F of sensorX1ijWith Y ' direction values FY1ij, record the X-direction numerical value F of second sensorX2ijWith Y-direction number
Value FY2ij；
(3) it is V to calculate water velocityi, meet stream the angle of attack be αjThe resultant force of X and Y-direction under operating mode, first sensor 12 is surveyed
Power on the fixed directions X '-Y ' decomposes to the directions X-Y of second sensor 11, and the resultant force for calculating X-direction is FXij=FX2ij+
FX1ij·cos(αj)+FY1ij·sin(αj), the resultant force for calculating Y-direction is FYij=FX2ij+FY1ij·cos(αj)-FX1ij·sin
(αj)；
(4) mushing error of correction model fixing bracket and foil support, the drag parameter for calculating model of fishing gear are FXij-
FX0, lift parameter is FYij-FY0；
(5) turntable is adjusted, it is α to make the stream angle of attack of meeting of model of fishing gearj+1, step (2)-(4) are repeated, water velocity is obtained
For ViWhen, difference meets the hydrodynamic performance parameter of model of fishing gear under the stream angle of attack；
(6) it is V to adjust water velocityi+1, step (1)-(5) are repeated, difference under different water velocities is obtained and meets stream angle of attack fishing
Has the hydrodynamic performance parameter of model.
Advantageous effect
In the present invention, in carrying out test process to the hydrodynamic performance of model of fishing gear, cause when flow rate of water flow is excessively high
Model fixing bracket tilted rearward deform trend when, by the draw of bottom wire, model of fishing gear is made to keep
Plumbness reduces experimental error.The device of the invention is simple in structure, control is implemented to be easy, and avoids because of model fixing bracket
The experimental error generated is deformed, the support bracket fastened deformation of model is saved and corrects data processing link, help to improve testing efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the positive structure schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the using state structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the inverted structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the connection structure enlarged drawing of wire of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, people in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
A kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance as shown in Figs 1-4, including two X direction guiding rails, 1, three Y
Direction guiding rail 2, first sensor 12, second sensor 11, first sensor platform 5, second sensor platform 3, turntable 4, mould
Type fixing bracket 6, fixed change 8, wire 9, foil support 10 and model of fishing gear 7.
The length of X direction guiding rails 1 is 1.2m, and two X direction guiding rails 1 are installed in parallel in recirculated water experimental tank pool wall top,
Away from for 50cm.The length of Y-direction guide rail 2 is 55cm, and three Y-direction guide rails 2 are parallelly installed on X direction guiding rails 1, and Y-direction guide rail 2 can
It is slided along X direction guiding rails.First sensor 12 and second sensor 11 are all made of three component sensors, first sensor platform 5
It is slidably mounted at respectively in two Y-direction guide rails 2 with the both ends of second sensor platform 3, first sensor platform 5 and second passes
The installation site of sensor platform 3 in X direction is corresponding.Turntable 4 is mounted on 5 top of first sensor platform, is revolved by adjusting
The adjusting that model of fishing gear 7 meets the stream angle of attack may be implemented in turntable 4.First sensor 12 is fixed under first sensor platform 5
Side, 6 upper end of model fixing bracket are installed to first sensor 12, and lower end is fixed with the installation of model of fishing gear 7.Second sensor 11 is solid
Be scheduled on the lower section of second sensor platform 3, the upper end of foil support 10 is installed to second sensor 11, foil support 10 it is transversal
Face uses streamlined structure, can reduce itself fluid resistance and make tail portion fluidised form quick and stable, reduces turbulent flow to rear
The influence of active section.Foil support 10 is jack column and is equipped with length fixed structure, and the length of foil support 10 is according to fishing
Has the length setting of model 7, the bottom of the bottom and model of fishing gear 7 that keep foil support 10 is in same level.Fixed change 8
Inner ring connect with the bottom of model of fishing gear 7,9 one end of wire is connect with the outer shroud of fixed change 8, the other end and foil support
10 lower end connection.The outer shroud and interior interannular of fixed change 8 can realize mutual rotation, and the stream angle of attack is met when change model of fishing gear 7
When, mutually rotation occurs for the inner ring and outer rings of fixed change 8, keeps wire 9 parallel with water (flow) direction always, can avoid steel wire
The Impact direction of line 9 changes.
Before being tested, first according to the height of model of fishing gear 7, it sets the length of foil support 10 to model of fishing gear 7
Height with 6 height of model fixing bracket and, with keep foil support 10 bottom and experimental model 7 bottom in same level
Face.Test process is：
(1) contrived experiment operating mode, wherein water velocity take i grades, meet the stream angle of attack and take j grades, remove model of fishing gear 7 and wire
9, the mushing error of model fixing bracket 6 and foil support 10 when test water velocity is Vi, resistance interference parameter is the first biography
The sum of 11 surveyed X-direction numerical value of sensor 12 and second sensor FX0, lift interference parameter is the sensing of first sensor 12 and second
The sum of 11 surveyed Y-direction numerical value of device FY0；
(2) model of fishing gear 7 and wire 9 are installed, turntable 4 is adjusted, it is α to make the stream angle of attack of meeting of model of fishing gear 7j, record
X ' direction values the F of first sensor 12X1ijWith Y ' direction values FY1ij, record the X-direction numerical value F of second sensor 11X2ijWith
Y-direction numerical value FY2ij；
(3) it is V to calculate water velocityi, meet stream the angle of attack be αjThe resultant force of X and Y-direction under operating mode, first sensor 12 is surveyed
Power on the fixed directions X '-Y ' decomposes to the directions X-Y of second sensor 11, and the resultant force for calculating X-direction is FXij=FX2ij+
FX1ij·cos(αj)+FY1ij·sin(αj), the resultant force for calculating Y-direction is FYij=FX2ij+FY1ij·cos(αj)-FX1ij·sin
(αj)；
(4) mushing error of correction model fixing bracket 6 and foil support 10, the drag parameter for calculating model of fishing gear 7 are
FXij-FX0, lift parameter is FYij-FY0；
(5) turntable 4 is adjusted, it is α to make the stream angle of attack of meeting of model of fishing gear 7j+1, step (2)-(4) are repeated, water flow velocity is obtained
Degree is ViWhen, difference meets the hydrodynamic performance parameter of model of fishing gear 7 under the stream angle of attack；
(6) it is V to adjust water velocityi+1, step (1)-(5) are repeated, difference under different water velocities is obtained and meets stream angle of attack fishing
Has the hydrodynamic performance parameter of model 7.
In carrying out test process to the hydrodynamic performance of model of fishing gear 7, model is caused to fix branch when flow rate of water flow is excessively high
6 tilted rearward of frame deform trend when, by the draw of 7 bottom wire 9 of model of fishing gear, model of fishing gear 7 is made to protect
Hold plumbness.Therefore, in above-mentioned testing procedure, the inclination and distortion that can ignore model fixing bracket 6 and model of fishing gear 7 is repaiied
Correction data processing links, it is only necessary to support interferences are modified and calculate (step 4), help to improve testing efficiency.
The configuration of the present invention is simple, control are implemented to be easy, and avoid the experimental error generated by the deformation of model fixing bracket 6,
Data processing link is corrected in the deformation for saving model fixing bracket 6, helps to improve testing efficiency, improves measuring accuracy.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance, including two X direction guiding rails (1), three Y-direction guide rails (2), first
Sensor (12), second sensor (11), first sensor platform (5), second sensor platform (3), turntable (4), model
Fixing bracket (6), fixed change (8), wire (9), foil support (10) and model of fishing gear (7), the Y-direction guide rail (2) can
Slidingtype is installed vertically on X direction guiding rails (1), and the both ends of the first sensor platform (5) are slidably mounted at side in
Between two Y-direction guide rails (2) on, the turntable (4) be mounted on first sensor platform (5) above, the first sensor
(12) it is fixed on the lower section of first sensor platform (5), model fixing bracket (6) upper end is installed to first sensor
(12), lower end and model of fishing gear (7) installation are fixed, it is characterised in that：The both ends slidingtype peace of the second sensor platform (3)
On the other side and two intermediate Y-direction guide rails (2), the second sensor platform (3) and first sensor platform (5) edge
Position is corresponding in X-direction, and the second sensor (11) is fixed on the lower section of second sensor platform (3), the aerofoil profile branch
It is concordant with the lower face of model of fishing gear (7) that the upper end of frame (10) is installed to second sensor (11), lower end, the fixed change
(8) inner ring is connect with the bottom of model of fishing gear (7), and described wire (9) one end connect with the outer shroud of fixed change (8), is another
One end is connect with the lower end of foil support (10).
2. a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The aerofoil profile
The cross section of holder (10) is streamlined.
3. a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The X to
Guide rail (1) is mounted on the pool wall top of experimental tank.
4. a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：The X
The installation direction of direction guiding rail (1) is parallel with water (flow) direction.
5. a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The aerofoil profile
Holder (10) is jack column and is equipped with length fixed structure.
6. a kind of test device of trawl board hydrodynamic performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described first
Sensor (12) and second sensor (11) are all made of three component sensors.
7. a kind of test method of test device using trawl board hydrodynamic performance described in claim 1, including it is following
Step：
(1) contrived experiment operating mode, wherein water velocity take i grades, meet the stream angle of attack and take j grades, remove model of fishing gear (7) and wire
(9), test water velocity is ViWhen model fixing bracket (6) and foil support (10) mushing error, resistance interference parameter is
The sum of first sensor (12) and the surveyed X-direction numerical value of second sensor (11) FX0, lift interference parameter is first sensor
(12) and the sum of the surveyed Y-direction numerical value of second sensor (11) FY0；
(2) installation model of fishing gear (7) and wire (9) adjust turntable (4), and it is α to make the stream angle of attack of meeting of model of fishing gear (7)j, note
Record the X ' direction values F of first sensor (12)X1ijWith Y ' direction values FY1ij, the X-direction numerical value of record second sensor (11)
FX2ijWith Y-direction numerical value FY2ij；
(3) it is V to calculate water velocityi, meet stream the angle of attack be αjThe resultant force of X and Y-direction under operating mode measure first sensor (12)
The directions X '-Y ' on power decompose to the directions X-Y of second sensor (11), the resultant force for calculating X-direction is FXij=FX2ij+
FX1ij·cos(αj)+FY1ij·sin(αj), the resultant force for calculating Y-direction is FYij=FX2ij+FY1ij·cos(αj)-FX1ij·sin
(αj)；
(4) mushing error of correction model fixing bracket (6) and foil support (10) calculates the drag parameter of model of fishing gear (7)
For FXij-FX0, lift parameter is FYij-FY0；
(5) turntable (4) is adjusted, it is α to make the stream angle of attack of meeting of model of fishing gear (7)j+1, step (2)-(4) are repeated, water flow velocity is obtained
Degree is ViWhen, difference meets the hydrodynamic performance parameter of model of fishing gear (7) under the stream angle of attack；
(6) it is V to adjust water velocityi+1, step (1)-(5) are repeated, difference under different water velocities is obtained and meets stream angle of attack fishing gear mould
The hydrodynamic performance parameter of type (7).
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| CN108229032A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-29 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of test model method for building up for fishery purse seine |
| CN109253855B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-09-06 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom resistance dynamometer |
| CN109520702B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-08-18 | 大连工业大学 | Aquatic product water jet force parameter testing method and testing device thereof |
| CN114847206B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-01-12 | 上海交通大学 | Rotatable netting device for studying hydrodynamic force |
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