CN106404096B - MR-based direct-reading character wheel and reading method thereof - Google Patents
MR-based direct-reading character wheel and reading method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106404096B CN106404096B CN201611038218.1A CN201611038218A CN106404096B CN 106404096 B CN106404096 B CN 106404096B CN 201611038218 A CN201611038218 A CN 201611038218A CN 106404096 B CN106404096 B CN 106404096B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/07—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism
- G01F15/075—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism using electrically-operated integrating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
- G01F15/065—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical
- G01F15/066—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical involving magnetic transmission devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an MR-based direct-reading character wheel and a reading method thereof, wherein the direct-reading character wheel comprises a rotary character wheel, an MR full-bridge circuit, a change-over switch, a signal conditioning circuit and a data conversion circuit; the rotary character wheel is internally provided with a magnet; the MR full-bridge circuit is a Wheatstone bridge formed by MR sensors; the change-over switch comprises four single-pole double-throw switches; the output end of the MR full-bridge circuit is connected with the change-over switch; in the four single-pole double-throw switches, one end of a first switch pole is connected with a power end of the MCU; the second switch knife and the third switch knife are connected with two input ends of the signal conditioning circuit; the fourth switch knife is grounded; the signal conditioning circuit is inexpensive to the data conversion circuit. The invention has low cost and low power consumption, and can meet the reading requirement of the meter for centralized meter reading of three meters. And the circuit is stable, is not easy to interfere, and is suitable for being used in various occasions of families and industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a counter reading technology for a water-gas-coal three-meter, in particular to a MR-based direct-reading character wheel and a reading method thereof.
Background
Along with the popularization of the centralized meter reading of the three water and coal meters, the reading of the meter is always a difficult problem. In a common scheme, a large error is generated between the conventional pulse electronic metering and mechanical counter due to interference and the like; in another scheme, the character wheel is coded and read in a photoelectric coding mode, so that the power consumption is high, and the character wheel is easy to be interfered by the outside.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a circuit implementation method combining mechanical, electrical hardware and embedded software of a counter reading module for a water-gas-coal meter, in particular to a circuit technology of the counter reading module based on MR (magnetic resistance), namely a direct reading character wheel based on MR and a reading method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the MR-based direct-reading character wheel comprises a rotary character wheel, an MR full-bridge circuit, a change-over switch, a signal conditioning circuit and a data conversion circuit;
the rotary character wheel is internally provided with a magnet, and the magnetic pole direction of the magnet is the axial direction of the rotary character wheel;
the MR full-bridge circuit is a Wheatstone bridge formed by MR sensors;
the MR full-bridge circuit is fixed at the side of the rotary character wheel and is not contacted with the rotary character wheel; the rotary character wheel can rotate relative to the MR full-bridge circuit;
the change-over switch comprises four single-pole double-throw switches; each single pole double throw switch comprises an upper throw point and a lower throw point; the change-over switch is provided with two gears, when the first gear is switched on, the upper throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches are all switched on, and all the lower throwing points are empty; when the second gear is switched on, the lower throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches are all switched on, and all the upper throwing points are empty;
the output end of the MR full-bridge circuit is connected with the change-over switch; when the change-over switch is positioned at a first gear, the MR full-bridge circuit outputs a first sine wave; when the change-over switch is positioned at the second gear, the MR full-bridge circuit; the first sine wave and the second sine wave are 90 degrees out of phase;
in the four single-pole double-throw switches, one end of a first switch pole is connected with a power end of a data conversion circuit; the second switch knife and the third switch knife are connected with two input ends of the signal conditioning circuit; the fourth switch knife is grounded;
the signal conditioning circuit is a low-power-consumption operational amplifier module; the signal output port of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the signal input port of the data conversion circuit; the data conversion circuit is an MCU containing an ADC module.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the signal conditioning circuit is a low-power-consumption operational amplifier with the model of AD 8613; the data conversion circuit is an MCU model number MSP 430.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the two MR full-bridge circuits are arranged, and the sensitivity directions of the two MR full-bridge circuits are mutually perpendicular;
the positive exciting end, the negative exciting end, the positive output end and the negative output end of the first MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with an upper throwing point of the first switch pole, an upper throwing point of the fourth switch pole, an upper throwing point of the second switch pole and an upper throwing point of the third switch pole respectively;
the positive exciting end, the negative exciting end, the positive output end and the negative output end of the second MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with the lower throwing point of the first switch pole, the lower throwing point of the fourth switch pole, the lower throwing point of the second switch pole and the lower throwing point of the third switch pole respectively.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the MR full-bridge circuit is provided with one; the positive exciting end, the negative exciting end, the positive output end and the negative output end of the MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with an upper throwing point of the first switch pole, an upper throwing point of the fourth switch pole, an upper throwing point of the second switch pole and an upper throwing point of the third switch pole respectively;
meanwhile, a positive exciting end, a negative exciting end, a positive output end and a negative output end of the MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with a lower throwing point of the second switch pole, a lower throwing point of the fourth switch pole, a lower throwing point of the third switch pole and a lower throwing point of the first switch pole respectively.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the MR sensor is an AMR sensor.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the MR sensor is a GMR sensor.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the MR sensor is a TMR sensor.
An MR-based reading method of a direct-reading character wheel comprises the following steps:
step 1, the rotating angles of the rotating character wheels are in one-to-one correspondence with the readings of the rotating character wheels, and a corresponding table is established according to the corresponding relation;
step 2, rotating the character wheel to the angle phi to be measured x ；
Angle phi to be measured x I.e. rotationThe included angle between the rotation angle of the character wheel and the sensitivity angle of the MR full-bridge circuit; angle phi to be measured x The relation with the signal amplitude Vmr output by the MR full-bridge circuit is:
Vmr＝Gain*M*Sin(φ x ) (1)
in the formula (1), gain is the sensitivity value of the MR full-bridge circuit, and M is the magnet field intensity;
step 3, placing the transfer switch in a first gear, namely switching on upper throwing points of the four single-pole double-throw switches; obtaining the output amplitude V of the MR full-bridge circuit in the first gear, and obtaining the angle phi corresponding to the output amplitude V according to the formula (1) 1 And phi 2 ；
Step 4, placing the transfer switch in a second gear, namely switching on the lower throwing points of the four single-pole double-throw switches; obtaining the output amplitude of the MR full-bridge circuit of V in the second gear 1 And according to the formula (1), obtaining the angle phi corresponding to the output amplitude V 3 And phi 4 ；
Step 5, comparing the angle phi 1 、φ 2 、φ 3 And phi 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If two mutually equal angles exist, the angle phi to be measured can be determined as the angle phi rotated by the rotary character wheel x ；
Step 6, reading the angle phi to be measured according to the corresponding table in the step 1 x The corresponding rotary character wheel reads.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has low cost and low power consumption, and can meet the reading requirement of the meter for centralized meter reading of three meters. And the circuit is stable, is not easy to interfere, and is suitable for being used in various occasions of families and industries.
Usually, the resistance of the MR can be designed to be hundreds of kiloohms, and when the MR full bridge is driven by 3.3V excitation, the power consumption is tens of microamps, and the total current consumption is lower than one milliamp by adding MCU signal conditioning and the like. Therefore, the power consumption of the invention is far lower than that of the photoelectric direct reading type scheme.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an MR full-bridge circuit.
Fig. 3 is a mechanical structure diagram of the rotary character wheel.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the relative positions of the MR full-bridge circuit and the rotating print wheel.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a circular magnet and an MR full-bridge circuit chip.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the cylindrical magnet and the MR full-bridge circuit chip.
Fig. 7 is a circuit schematic of embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is a circuit schematic of embodiment 2.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the output curve of the MR full-bridge circuit.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit architecture of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a rotary character wheel 1, an MR full-bridge circuit 2, a change-over switch 3, a signal conditioning circuit 4 and a data conversion circuit 5. The communication interface is used for outputting the output signal of the data conversion circuit.
The rotary character wheel 1 is provided with magnets, and the magnetic pole direction of the magnets is the same as the radial direction of the rotary character wheel. The magnet is embedded in the character wheel, and the magnetic field direction and the sensitivity direction of the MR bridge are parallel to each other in a horizontal plane. Fig. 2 is a mechanical structure diagram of the rotary character wheel. As shown in fig. 2, the outer side surface of the rotary character wheel is provided with readings, and after the reference direction is determined, the rotation angle of the rotary character wheel is in one-to-one correspondence with the readings in the reference direction, and a correspondence table can be determined in advance.
The MR full-bridge circuit 2 is a wheatstone bridge of MR sensors. MR (Magneto Resistance, magneto-resistive) sensors are widely used in modern industry and electronics to measure physical parameters such as current, position, direction, etc. with induced magnetic field strength. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an MR full-bridge circuit. The elements R1 to R4 in fig. 3 are MR devices, and the circuit connection manner is the same as that of a wheatstone bridge circuit composed of resistors.
The excitation signal of the MR bridge needs to be properly stabilized and ripple removed to ensure the stability of the output signal of the MR bridge. Therefore, the signal conditioning circuit 4 outputs an excitation voltage to the MR bridge after stabilizing and filtering. And the output signal of the MR bridge reaches a reasonable level amplitude value and is output to a subsequent circuit after being filtered and amplified by an amplifier in the signal conditioning circuit 4.
In a specific embodiment, when an AMR sensor is used, a commercially available AMR sensor may be used, for example: the Murata MRSS29DR uses 4 constituent full-bridge circuits since it is a single Sensor.
MR sensors may also use GMR sensors, and when GMR sensors are used, commercially available GMR sensors may be generally employed, for example: NVE AA006.
Where a TMR sensor can also be used for the MR sensor, a commercially available TMR sensor can be generally employed, for example: NVE AAT001.
The MR full-bridge circuit 2 is fixed to the side of the rotary character wheel without contacting the rotary character wheel 1. The rotating character wheel 1 is rotatable relative to the MR full-bridge circuit 2. The direction of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is fixed while rotating. Fig. 4 is a side view of the relative positions of the MR full-bridge circuit and the rotating print wheel. As shown in fig. 4, when the rotary character wheel 1 rotates, the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is fixed, and the angle between the rotary character wheel 1 and the sensitivity direction of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 corresponds to the reading of the outer side surface of the rotary character wheel 2 with the MR full-bridge circuit 2 as a reference.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a circular magnet and an MR full-bridge circuit chip. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the cylindrical magnet and the MR full-bridge circuit chip. The magnet is fixed inside the rotary character wheel 1. As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, regardless of the shape of the magnet used, the magnetic induction line direction of the magnet rotates when the rotary character wheel rotates relative to the MR full-bridge circuit, and the amplitude of the signal output from the MR full-bridge circuit varies.
The MR full-bridge circuit 2 includes a forward excitation terminal E x Positive and negative excitation terminal E x -, a part of forward output terminal V 0 Positive and negative output terminals V 0 -. The sensitivity direction of the MR full-bridge circuit is defined as the direction from the negative excitation terminal Ex-to the positive excitation terminal ex+.
The excitation source of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is provided by a back-end circuit, and an output signal thereof is input to the signal conditioning circuit 4 through a change-over switch.
The change-over switch 3 includes four single pole double throw switches S1 to S4. Each single pole double throw switch includes a switch pole and two throws: an upper throw and a lower throw. The change-over switch 3 is provided with two gears, when the first gear is switched on, the upper throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches S1-S4 are all switched on, and all the lower throwing points are empty; when the second gear is switched on, the lower throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches S1-S4 are all switched on, and all the upper throwing points are empty;
the output of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is connected to a transfer switch 3. When the change-over switch 3 is in the first gear, the MR full-bridge circuit 2 outputs a first sine wave; when the change-over switch 3 is positioned at the second gear, the MR full-bridge circuit outputs a second sine wave; the first sine wave and the second sine wave are 90 degrees out of phase.
In the four single-pole double-throw switches, one end of a first switch pole S11 is connected with a power end of the MCU; the second switch knife S21 and the third switch knife S31 are connected with two input ends of the signal conditioning circuit 4; the fourth switching knife S41 is grounded.
The signal conditioning circuit 4 is mainly used for converting differential signals into single-ended signals for input to the subsequent data conversion circuit 5. The signal conditioning circuit 4 may be implemented using a commercially available low power op-amp module, for example, a low power op-amp model AD8613 may be used. .
The data conversion circuit is typically implemented by an MCU incorporating an ADC, such as the MCU model number MSP430 may be used.
Specific pin connection methods may be referred to technical manuals provided in various types of modules on the market, and will not be described in detail.
In order to make the phase difference of the first sine wave and the second sine wave 90 degrees, the connection method of eight throwing points in the four single pole double throw switches S1-S4 can be changed, and the invention comprises two embodiments as follows:
example 1: there are two groups of MR full-bridge circuits. Fig. 7 is a circuit schematic of embodiment 1. As shown in fig. 7:
the MR full-bridge circuits are arranged in two, and the sensitivity directions of the two MR full-bridge circuits are perpendicular to each other.
Forward excitation terminal E of first MR full-bridge circuit x1 Positive and negative excitation terminal E x1 -, a part of forward output terminal V 01 Positive and negative output terminals V 01 The upper throwing point S12 of the first switch pole, the upper throwing point S42 of the fourth switch pole, the upper throwing point S22 of the second switch pole and the upper throwing point S32 of the third switch pole are connected in sequence respectively;
forward excitation terminal E of second MR full-bridge circuit x2 Positive and negative excitation terminal E x2 -, a part of forward output terminal V 02 Positive and negative output terminals V 02 The lower throwing point S13 of the first switch pole, the lower throwing point S43 of the fourth switch pole, the lower throwing point S23 of the second switch pole and the lower throwing point S33 of the third switch pole are connected in sequence respectively.
In embodiment 1, since the sensitivity directions of the two groups of MR full-bridge circuits are different by 90 degrees, the input and output ends thereof are connected in the same manner as the transfer switch, but when the transfer switch is located in the first gear and the second gear, respectively, the phase differences of signals output by the MR full-bridge circuits through the transfer switch are also different by 90 degrees.
Example 2: the MR full-bridge circuit has one. Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic of embodiment 2. As shown in fig. 4:
the MR full-bridge circuit is mounted with one. Forward excitation terminal E of MR full-bridge circuit x Positive and negative excitation terminal E x -, a part of forward output terminal V 0 Positive and negative output terminals V 0 The upper throwing point S12 of the first switch pole, the upper throwing point S42 of the fourth switch pole, the upper throwing point S22 of the second switch pole and the upper throwing point S32 of the third switch pole are connected in sequence respectively;
meanwhile, the forward excitation end E of the MR full-bridge circuit x Positive and negative excitation terminal E x -, a part of forward output terminal V 0 Positive and negative output terminals V 0 The lower throwing point S23 of the second switch pole, the lower throwing point S43 of the fourth switch pole, the lower throwing point S33 of the third switch pole and the lower throwing point S13 of the first switch pole are connected in sequence respectively.
The change-over switch can realize that the sampling signals are output signals of two groups of MR bridges which form an included angle of 90 degrees by changing the connection method of eight throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches S1 to S4.
The main function of the signal conditioning circuit 4 is to provide excitation to the MR full-bridge circuit 2 and to filter and amplify its output signal. The excitation signal of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 needs to be properly stabilized and ripple removed to ensure the stability of the output signal of the MR full-bridge circuit 2. The signal conditioning circuit 4 outputs an excitation voltage to the MR full-bridge circuit 2 after voltage stabilization and filtering. And the output signal of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is filtered and amplified by an amplifier in the signal conditioning circuit 4 to reach a reasonable level amplitude and then is output to a subsequent data conversion circuit 5.
The purpose of the data conversion circuit 5 is to finally convert the output level signal of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 into a digital quantity for output through the communication port 6. The input signal is the output of the signal conditioning circuit 4, then the ADC in the internal circuit will convert the level into digital quantity, then the MCU in the internal circuit will calculate and convert according to the formula, finally the digital information on the rotary character wheel 1 is obtained, and then the information is output through the communication port 6.
The purpose of the communication port is to transfer the last converted character wheel data to the following system. Communication interfaces that may be generally used include SPI, IIC, UART, etc.
The reading method of the direct-reading character wheel based on MR is to obtain the character wheel reading of the periphery of the rotary character wheel according to the output quantity of the MR full-bridge circuit, and comprises the following specific steps:
and step 1, the rotating angle of the rotating character wheel 1 relative to the MR full-bridge circuit 2 corresponds to the reading of the rotating character wheel 1 one by one, a corresponding table is established according to the corresponding relation, and the corresponding table is stored in the MCU as a calculated known quantity.
Step 2, rotating the character wheel 1 to a certain unknown angle, namely the angle phi to be measured x . The reading of the rotating wheel 1 is not known at this time.
Since the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is fixed and the position does not change, the sensitivity angle of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 does not change. So that the angle phi to be measured after the rotary character wheel 1 rotates x I.e. the angle between the rotation angle of the rotating character wheel 1 and the sensitivity angle of the MR full-bridge circuit 2. Angle phi to be measured x The relationship with the signal amplitude Vmr output by the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is:
Vmr＝Gain*M*Sin(φ x ) (1)
in the formula (1), gain is the sensitivity value of the MR full-bridge circuit, M is the magnet field intensity, and all are known quantities related to the property of the circuit itself. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the output curve of the MR full-bridge circuit.
Step 3, placing the transfer switch 3 in a first gear, namely switching on upper throwing points of four single-pole double-throw switches S1-S4; when the first gear is obtained, the output amplitude of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is V, and as shown in FIG. 9, since the output is sinusoidal, each function value corresponds to two independent variables in the same period, and therefore the angle phi corresponding to the output amplitude V can be obtained according to the formula (1) 1 And phi 2 。
Step 4, placing the transfer switch in a second gear, namely switching on the lower throwing points of the four single-pole double-throw switches; obtaining the output amplitude of the MR full-bridge circuit of V in the second gear 1 And similarly, obtaining the angle phi corresponding to the output amplitude V according to the formula (1) 3 And phi 4 ；
Step 5, comparing the angle phi 1 、φ 2 、φ 3 And phi 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If two mutually equal angles exist, the angle phi to be measured can be determined as the angle phi rotated by the rotary character wheel x 。
Steps 3 to 5 can be illustrated by a specific numerical example, for example, referring to fig. 9, in the first gear, the output amplitude of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is v=450, and the corresponding angle Φ corresponds to the output amplitude v=450 1 ＝90，φ 2 ＝360。
In the second gear, the output amplitude of the MR full-bridge circuit 2 is v=0, and the corresponding angle Φ 3 =90 and φ 4 ＝270。
Comparing the angle phi 1 、φ 2 、φ 3 And phi 4 Due to the presence of phi 1 ＝φ 3 The angle phi to be measured can be determined x ＝φ 1 ＝φ 3 ＝90
Step 6, due to the angle phi to be measured x One-to-one corresponding to the readings of the rotary character wheel 1, according to the corresponding table in the step 1, to beMeasuring angle phi x After knowing, the angle phi to be measured can be read out x The corresponding rotary character wheel reads.
The calculation and comparison in the above steps 3 to 6 are performed by the MCU in the data conversion circuit 5 after the MR full-bridge circuit 2 passes through the transfer switch 3 and inputs the output value to the data conversion circuit 5, and the output value is outputted through the data output port.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations which may be directly derived or contemplated by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concepts of the present invention are deemed to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The MR-based direct-reading character wheel is characterized by comprising a rotary character wheel, an MR full-bridge circuit, a change-over switch, a signal conditioning circuit and a data conversion circuit;
the rotary character wheel is internally provided with a magnet, and the magnetic pole direction of the magnet is the axial direction of the rotary character wheel;
the MR full-bridge circuit is a Wheatstone bridge formed by MR sensors;
the MR full-bridge circuit is fixed at the side of the rotary character wheel and is not contacted with the rotary character wheel; the rotary character wheel can rotate relative to the MR full-bridge circuit;
the change-over switch comprises four single-pole double-throw switches; each single pole double throw switch comprises an upper throw point and a lower throw point; the change-over switch is provided with two gears, when the first gear is switched on, the upper throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches are all switched on, and all the throwing points are empty; when the second gear is switched on, the lower throwing points in the four single-pole double-throw switches are all switched on, and all the upper throwing points are empty;
the output end of the MR full-bridge circuit is connected with the change-over switch; when the change-over switch is positioned at a first gear, the MR full-bridge circuit outputs a first sine wave; when the change-over switch is positioned at the second gear, the MR full-bridge circuit; the first sine wave and the second sine wave are 90 degrees out of phase;
in the four single-pole double-throw switches, one end of a first switch pole is connected with a power end of a data conversion circuit; the second switch knife and the third switch knife are connected with two input ends of the signal conditioning circuit; the fourth switch knife is grounded;
the signal conditioning circuit is a low-power-consumption operational amplifier module; the signal output port of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the signal input port of the data conversion circuit; the data conversion circuit is an MCU containing an ADC module;
the signal conditioning circuit is a low-power-consumption operational amplifier with the model of AD 8613; the data conversion circuit is an MCU with the model number of MSP 430;
the two MR full-bridge circuits are arranged, and the sensitivity directions of the two MR full-bridge circuits are mutually perpendicular;
the positive exciting end, the negative exciting end, the positive output end and the negative output end of the first MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with an upper throwing point of the first switch pole, an upper throwing point of the fourth switch pole, an upper throwing point of the second switch pole and an upper throwing point of the third switch pole respectively;
the positive exciting end, the negative exciting end, the positive output end and the negative output end of the second MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with the lower throwing point of the first switch pole, the lower throwing point of the fourth switch pole, the lower throwing point of the second switch pole and the lower throwing point of the third switch pole respectively;
the MR full-bridge circuit is provided with one; the positive exciting end, the negative exciting end, the positive output end and the negative output end of the MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with an upper throwing point of the first switch pole, an upper throwing point of the fourth switch pole, an upper throwing point of the second switch pole and an upper throwing point of the third switch pole respectively;
meanwhile, a positive exciting end, a negative exciting end, a positive output end and a negative output end of the MR full-bridge circuit are sequentially connected with a lower throwing point of the second switch pole, a lower throwing point of the fourth switch pole, a lower throwing point of the third switch pole and a lower throwing point of the first switch pole respectively;
the MR sensor is an AMR sensor and a GMR sensor
Or TMR sensor.
2. An MR-based reading method for a direct-reading character wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, the rotating angles of the rotating character wheels are in one-to-one correspondence with the readings of the rotating character wheels, and a corresponding table is established according to the corresponding relation;
step 2, rotating the character wheel to a to-be-detected angle ϕ x;
the angle ϕ x to be measured is the included angle between the rotating angle of the rotating character wheel and the sensitivity angle of the MR full-bridge circuit; the relationship between the angle ϕ x to be measured and the signal amplitude Vmr output by the MR full-bridge circuit is as follows:
Vmr＝Gain*M*Sin(ϕx)(1)
in the formula (1), gain is the sensitivity value of the MR full-bridge circuit, and M is the magnet field intensity;
step 3, placing the transfer switch in a first gear, namely switching on upper throwing points of the four single-pole double-throw switches; obtaining an output amplitude value V of the MR full-bridge circuit in a first gear, and obtaining angles ϕ 1 and ϕ 2 corresponding to the output amplitude value V according to a formula (1);
step 4, placing the transfer switch in a second gear, namely switching on the lower throwing points of the four single-pole double-throw switches; obtaining an output amplitude V1 of the MR full-bridge circuit in a second gear, and obtaining angles ϕ and ϕ corresponding to the output amplitude V according to the formula (1);
step 5, compare angles ϕ 1, ϕ 2, ϕ 3, and ϕ 4; if two equal angles exist, the angle to be measured ϕ x which is rotated by the rotary character wheel can be determined;
and 6, reading out the rotary character wheel reading corresponding to the angle ϕ x to be detected according to the corresponding table in the step 1.
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