CN106401796B - A kind of shock tube - Google Patents
A kind of shock tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN106401796B CN106401796B CN201611108879.7A CN201611108879A CN106401796B CN 106401796 B CN106401796 B CN 106401796B CN 201611108879 A CN201611108879 A CN 201611108879A CN 106401796 B CN106401796 B CN 106401796B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/96—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof characterised by specially adapted arrangements for testing or measuring
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shock tube, including by with the rectangular duct circulated for experimental gas, the rectangular duct is respectively arranged with shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section on width and short transverse, realizes the shock wave enhancing effect of three-dimensional shrinkage in drive section；The contraction section all has the two-dimensional contraction molded line based on shock-wave dynamics Theoretical Design, makes plane shock after the controllable enhancing of contraction section, moreover it is possible to revert to plane corrugated shape, and substantially do not disturbed after ripple.Above-mentioned shock tube, can accurately and efficiently improve the intensity of original incident shock wave, and its space availability ratio is high, and feasibility is good, can easier simulate intense shock wave and high temperature and high pressure environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrodynamics technology field, more particularly to a kind of shock tube.
Background technology
Shock tube is to produce shock wave and compress real with one kind of operating mode needed for simulating by drive section gas using Shock-Motion
Experiment device.Currently, either using the high enthalpy flowing needed for shock wave compression acquisition high-speed aircraft, or shock wave development combustion is utilized
Expect the science and technology fields such as self-ignition property research, the problem of how producing and accurately control intense shock wave can be all run into.
In existing, some scholars point out：In shock tube improve shock strength method be mainly increase drive section with
By the pressure ratio of drive section gas or velocity of sound ratio.However, simple relies on increase pressure ratio and velocity of sound ratio, it can be generated in shock tube
Shock strength it is limited, particularly when that can not be vacuumized by drive section, this limitation is especially prominent.
In addition, also some scholars are theoretical according to shock-wave dynamics, and the wall of design can make the incidence of smaller intensity
Plane shock continuously strengthens in Contraction Ducts, is then still propagated with flat shape into small cross sections straight length, so that
The plane shock increased to intensity.However, this wall is only converged on duct height direction, to the space profit of shock tube
Relatively low with rate, the enhanced ability of its shock wave is also subject to certain restrictions.Particularly, when the small cross sections straight length as experimental section
Duct height when can not reduce, it is necessary to greatly improve the initial tract height of contraction section.If using axle pair by drive section
Claim or the wall of three-dimensional shrinks molded line, it is necessary first to strictly derive axial symmetry or Three-Dimensional Shock Wave kinetic theory, its
Process is complicated and difficulty is larger；Even if axial symmetry or Three-Dimensional Shock Wave kinetic theory have been obtained, due to axial symmetry or three
Tie up the intrinsic focusing effect of Contraction Ducts very sensitive to disturbing, during wall shrinks the design and actual processing of molded line, one
Occurs undesirable disturbance on denier shock surface, it is easy to which heart convergence enhancing is strong disturbance interruption in the duct, or even Mach occurs
The complex jamming phenomenons such as reflection, cause shock wave to strengthen process and are difficult to control to.Accordingly, it would be desirable to which excavating two-dimentional wall shrinks the latent of molded line
Power, further lifts the enhanced ability of its shock wave.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of shock tube, the shock tube can accurately and efficiently improve original incident shock wave
Intensity, shock tube is easier simulated intense shock wave and high temperature and high pressure environment.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of shock tube, including the square circulated in drive section for experimental gas
Shape pipeline, the rectangular duct is respectively arranged with interconnected shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section in the longitudinal direction.
Relative to above-mentioned background technology, the shock tube that the present invention is provided, in the rectangular duct by drive section, in width and
Shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section are set respectively in short transverse；Shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section are as interconnected
Two sections, the area contraction ratio of rectangular duct can be dramatically increased, the enhancing effect of shock wave is accurately and efficiently improved；So
The shock tube of setting, its space availability ratio is high, and feasibility is good, shock tube is easier simulated intense shock wave and HTHP
Environment.
Preferably, the entrance point of the close rectangular duct of shrinkage in width section, and high shrinkage section is close to institute
State the port of export of rectangular duct；Or,
The port of export of the close rectangular duct of shrinkage in width section, and high shrinkage section is close to the rectangle
The entrance point of pipeline.
For the shock tube with rectangular duct, it can in the direction of the width shrink, then enter in the height direction first
Row shrinks；In addition to this it is possible to first shrink in the height direction, then shrink in the direction of the width；Can be according to actual need
Select one of above-mentioned two ways.
Preferably, the shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section are respectively provided with least one section, make described rectangular tube
At least shunk respectively on width and once in height in road；Described contraction section all has what is designed based on shock-wave dynamics
Two-dimensional contraction molded line, makes after controllable enhancing of the plane shock by one section of contraction section, reverts to plane corrugated shape, and ripple
Substantially do not disturb afterwards；Enhanced plane shock still can carry out controllable enhancing, finally obtain sharp in next section of contraction section
The plane shock that intensity of wave is dramatically increased.
Preferably, in addition to：
To the first rectangular wall being connected with upstream flange, including the first side wall positioned at the left and right sides and above and below
Lower wall on the first of two ends；
It is connected and has the shrinkage in width tube wall of shrinkage in width section, and the upper reaches method with first rectangular wall
Blue, described first rectangular wall, with the shrinkage in width section pipeline it is coaxial；
It is connected with the shrinkage in width tube wall and with the high shrinkage tube wall of high shrinkage section, the width is received
Contracting section end connects the entrance of the high shrinkage section；And the size of the shrinkage in width section end and high shrinkage section
Entrance opening dimension it is identical；
It is arranged at high shrinkage section end and the second rectangular wall being connected with downstream flange, and the downstream flange,
Second rectangular wall, with the high shrinkage section end pipeline it is coaxial；
Second rectangular wall includes the second sidewall and the second upper and lower sides positioned at upper and lower ends positioned at the left and right sides
Wall.
Preferably, the shrinkage in width section includes the constant shrinkage in width breeze way and shrinkage in width molded line of sectional dimension
Section, and the breeze way is close to the upstream flange；The high shrinkage section includes the height close to shrinkage in width molded line section
Shrinkage type line segment is spent, the end of the high shrinkage molded line section sets the constant high shrinkage breeze way of sectional dimension.
Preferably, shrinkage in width molded line section up and down or left and right is symmetrical, the high shrinkage molded line section up and down or
It is symmetrical.
Preferably, the shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section are coaxially disposed.
Preferably, it is detachably connected between the shrinkage in width tube wall and first rectangular wall；The high shrinkage pipe
It is detachably connected between wall and second rectangular wall.
Preferably, the periphery of first rectangular wall sets shrinkage in width section lid plate, and the periphery of second rectangular wall is set
Put high shrinkage section lid plate.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis
The accompanying drawing of offer obtains other accompanying drawings.
The schematic diagram for the shock tube that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
The exhibition for the shock tube that Fig. 2 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention is to cross section structure diagram；
The normal direction cross section structure diagram for the shock tube that Fig. 3 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein：
In accompanying drawing 1：1- entrance sections, 2- shrinkage in width pipeline, 3- intermediate cross-sections, 4- high shrinkages pipeline, 5- outlets are cut
Face；
In accompanying drawing 2：101- upstream flanges, 102- the first side walls, 104- shrinkage in width tube wall, 105- shrinkage in width section lids
Plate, 106- shrinkage in width molded line section, 111- second sidewalls, 113- downstream flanges；
In accompanying drawing 3：Lower wall, 107- high shrinkages molded line section, 108- high shrinkage pipes on 101- upstream flanges, 103- first
Wall, 109- high shrinkage section lids plate, 110- observation windows, the top and bottom sidewalls of 112- second, 113- downstream flanges.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation
The present invention is described in further detail for mode.
It refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the schematic diagram for the shock tube that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 2 is this hair
The exhibition for the shock tube that bright embodiment is provided is to cross section structure diagram；The shock tube that Fig. 3 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention
Normal direction cross section structure diagram.
A kind of shock tube that the present invention is provided, including the one section of rectangular duct circulated in drive section for experimental gas, such as
Prior art.
The core of the present invention is that rectangular duct is provided with shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section；Such as the institute of Figure of description 1
Show, shock tube include larger-size entrance section 1, shrinkage in width pipeline 2, intermediate cross-section 3, high shrinkage pipeline 4, size compared with
Small outlet 5.
Larger-size entrance section 1 is the original dimension for being driven segment pipe, width and all larger, the Ke Yiwei of height
40mm×70mm；Intermediate cross-section 3 is that the line size after shrinking for the first time is 4mm × 70mm；The less outlet 5 of size is
Line size after shrinking again is 4mm × 8mm；Shrinkage in width pipeline 2 and high shrinkage pipeline 4 all shrink comprising two-dimentional wall
Molded line, makes the width and height of rectangular duct constantly reduce respectively.Shrinkage in width pipeline 2 is shrinkage in width section, high shrinkage
Pipeline 4 is high shrinkage section；Above-mentioned line size can also be decided according to the actual requirements, however it is not limited to described herein.
Its operation principle is：Original incident shock wave is entered in shrinkage in width pipeline 2 by entrance section 1, with duct width
Continuous diminution, the intensity of shock wave is stepped up, and then travels to intermediate cross-section 3 with flat shape；Enhanced plane shock
In entry altitude Contraction Ducts 4, with the continuous diminution of duct height, shock wave is also further enhanced therewith, finally with planar shaped
Shape enters width and all less outlet 5 of height, so as to obtain the plane shock that intensity is significantly increased.
It is above-mentioned only to provide a kind of embodiment that advanced line width contraction carries out high shrinkage again；In addition,
The present invention can also be first to rectangular duct height shunk again to shrinkage in width, the present invention is repeated no more.That is, it is given above
Shrinkage in width section is close to the entrance point of rectangular duct, and high shrinkage section is close to this embodiment party of the port of export of rectangular duct
Formula, can also be by shrinkage in width section close to the port of export of rectangular duct, and high shrinkage section entering close to the rectangular duct
Mouth end.
It is above-mentioned to give the situation for entering travelling shock-wave using a shrinkage in width section and a high shrinkage section；For difference
It is actually needed, the shrinkage in width section of two or more can also be set, the contraction of width twice is carried out to air-flow；With
Similarly, high shrinkage section number it can also be provided that two or more；It is arranged such, realizes three-dimensional shrinkage
Shock wave enhancing effect, further using pipeline space, increases substantially the area contraction ratio of rectangular duct.
Figure of description 2 and accompanying drawing 3 respectively illustrate the exhibition of shock tube to cross section structure diagram and normal direction sectional structure
Schematic diagram；As can be seen that upstream flange 101 is connected with the first rectangular wall, shrinkage in width tube wall 104 connects the first rectangular wall, and
And there is shrinkage in width section in shrinkage in width tube wall 104；Upstream flange 101, the first rectangular wall, with shrinkage in width section pipeline it is same
Axle；High shrinkage tube wall 108 is connected with shrinkage in width tube wall 104, and high shrinkage tube wall 108 has high shrinkage section；Width
The entrance of contraction section end connection high shrinkage section；And the entrance opening dimension of the size and high shrinkage section of shrinkage in width section end
It is identical；Also including the second rectangular wall for being arranged at high shrinkage section end and being connected with downstream flange 113, downstream flange 113,
The pipeline of high shrinkage section is coaxial.
The original width and height of rectangular duct are respectively 40mm and 70mm.Incident shock Mach 2 ship 4.3, by width
The convergence enhancing of constricting tube wall 104, shock mach number increases to 6.7, and the width of rectangular duct is reduced to 4mm；Then, after enhancing
Plane shock entry altitude constricting tube wall 108, further convergence enhancing arrives shock mach number 10.2, and the height of rectangular duct subtracts
It is small to arrive 8mm.The shrinkage ratio of pipeline in height is 8.75, and the shrinkage ratio on width is 10, and both collective effects realize receipts
Contracting is than the shock wave enhancing effect for 87.5, it can be seen that, the enhancing effect of shock wave is greatly improved in the inventive method.Observation window
110 can move gentle rheology for the shock wave in height of observation contraction section；In addition, shrinkage in width tube wall 104 and
It can also be detachably connected between one rectangular wall；It can be detachably connected between the rectangular wall of high shrinkage tube wall 108 and second.
Its operation principle is：Upstream flange 101 is connected with shock tube by drive section, after shock tube experiment starts, and is driven
One of plane shock is produced in dynamic section and is downstream propagated.Then shock propagation is to the first side wall 102, into shrinkage in width tube wall
104, make initial plane Shock-Motion after the smooth deformation and intensity of contraction section are stepped up, then enter high with flat shape
Spend constricting tube wall 108, make shock wave again smooth deformation intensity continues to strengthen simultaneously, finally enter width and height all reduce the
Two top and bottom sidewalls 112, obtain the plane shock that intensity is significantly increased.
Shrinkage in width section includes the constant shrinkage in width breeze way of sectional dimension and shrinkage in width molded line section 106, and slow
Section is rushed close to upstream flange 101；High shrinkage section includes the high shrinkage molded line section 107 close to shrinkage in width molded line section 106, high
The end for spending shrinkage type line segment 107 sets the constant high shrinkage breeze way of sectional dimension.
For shrinkage in width section and the size of the end rectangular duct of high shrinkage section, its width and height are according to actual reality
Depending on the need for testing, but all should not be too small to weaken and avoid the occurrence of obvious wall viscous effect；The width of rectangular duct
Also should not be too big, in order to avoid have obvious three-dismensional effect in Flow visualisation.
Rectangular duct sets shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section on width and height, and two contraction sections are all using two dimension
Wall shrinks molded line, i.e. shrinkage in width molded line section 106 and high shrinkage molded line section 107, makes rectangular duct in width and height point
Do not shunk；Above-mentioned shrinkage in width molded line section 106 can be symmetrical for up and down or left and right, high shrinkage molded line section about 107
Or it is symmetrical.Change of the above-mentioned two shrinkage type line segment to initial shock mach number should not be too sensitive, in required precision not
Gao Shi, same wall shrinks molded line and goes for a series of initial shock mach number.
It is theoretical based on shock-wave dynamics, shrinkage in width molded line section 106 and high shrinkage molded line section 107 are can be designed that, if
Meter method is with reference to described below；The upper lower wall surface shrinkage type line of shrinkage type line segment is symmetrical, and unilateral wall includes concave curve section, tiltedly
It is in smoothing junction between straightway and crest curve section, line segment.The shape of shock wave is flat in contraction section original position and final position
It is circular arc in straight, skew lines section.Two symmetrical unicast areas before this in concave curve segment pipe, are double wave area afterwards, it
Border be first disturbance and two end points of the intersection point of axis to skew lines section；All it is double wave in skew lines segment pipe
Area；In crest curve section double wave area, followed by two symmetrical unicast areas before this, their border is two end points of skew lines section
To last disturbance and the intersection point of axis.
The initial motion shock mach number of given original position, shock tube elemental height, the outlet height in final position, tiltedly
The convergence angle of straightway and horizontal direction, and experimental gas specific heat ratio；Finally give each on the two-dimensional contraction molded line of wall
The coordinate of point.The specific design step of two-dimensional contraction molded line is：1) the outlet port shock mach number of contraction section is obtained；2) from receipts
The starting point of contracting section is to skew lines section, and the section from the terminal of contraction section to skew lines, and both direction is analyzed simultaneously, in unicast
Area obtains the shock mach number and coordinate at skew lines two end points of section；3) cylinder at skew lines two end points of section is further obtained
The shock mach number of each point, coordinate position and Angle of Shock Waves on lambda shock wave face；4) obtain the shock mach number of double wave area any point, sit
Cursor position and Angle of Shock Waves；5) coordinate of any point in concave curve section and crest curve section is obtained in unicast area iteration, so that
The wall for obtaining contraction section shrinks molded line；6) the outlet port shock mach number of previous contraction section is taken as new initial shock wave horse
Conspicuous number, and according to the geometric parameter of previous contraction section, perform again above-mentioned 1) to design procedure 5), you can obtain latter shrink
The wall of section shrinks molded line.Certainly, to those skilled in the art, above-mentioned two-dimensional contraction molded line can also be set using other
Mode is put, is repeated no more herein.
The shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section of the present invention is coaxially disposed, as shown in Figure of description 2 and accompanying drawing 3.
For connected mode of the contraction section on the outside of rectangular duct, the periphery of the first rectangular wall sets shrinkage in width section lid plate 105, second
The periphery of rectangular wall sets high shrinkage section lid plate 109.First rectangular wall can include the first side wall 102 positioned at the left and right sides
And on the first of upper and lower ends lower wall 103；Second rectangular wall includes the second sidewall 111 and position positioned at the left and right sides
In the second top and bottom sidewall 112 of upper and lower ends.Certainly, according to actual needs, contraction section can also have it on the outside of rectangular duct
His connected mode, the present invention is repeated no more.
The shock tube that the present invention is provided, the width and short transverse of rectangular duct carry out area contraction, space utilization respectively
Rate is high, and shock tube is greatly improved by the area contraction ratio of drive section；All adopted in width and the contraction section of short transverse
Molded line is shunk with two-dimentional wall, feasibility is higher；The shock tube that the present invention is provided realizes the shock wave enhancing effect of three-dimensional shrinkage,
Incident shock intensity is accurately and efficiently improved, shock tube is easier simulated intense shock wave and high temperature and high pressure environment；Square
Shape pipeline is convenient for Flow visualisation, and the span distance of particularly latter contraction section is smaller, and the three-dismensional effect in Flow visualisation is bright
It is aobvious to weaken.
It should be noted that in this manual, such as first and second etc relational terms are used merely to one
Entity makes a distinction with other several entities, and not necessarily require or imply between these entities exist it is any this actual
Relation or order.
Shock tube provided by the present invention is described in detail above.Specific case used herein is to the present invention
Principle and embodiment be set forth, the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand the method and its core of the present invention
Thought is thought.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention,
Some improvement and modification can also be carried out to the present invention, these are improved and modification also falls into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of shock tube, including by drive section with the rectangular duct circulated for experimental gas, it is characterised in that the square
Shape pipeline is respectively arranged with interconnected shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section in the longitudinal direction.
2. shock tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that shrinkage in width section the entering close to the rectangular duct
Mouth end, and high shrinkage section is close to the port of export of the rectangular duct；Or,
The port of export of the close rectangular duct of shrinkage in width section, and high shrinkage section is close to the rectangular duct
Entrance point.
3. shock tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shrinkage in width section and high shrinkage section are respectively
At least one section is set, to realize the rectangular duct on width and at least once be shunk respectively in height；The width
Contraction section and high shrinkage section are respectively provided with based on shock-wave dynamics design, with so that plane shock passes through the shrinkage in width
The two-dimensional contraction molded line of plane corrugated shape can be reverted to after the controllable enhancing of section and high shrinkage section, and after ripple
Substantially do not disturb.
4. shock tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：
To the first rectangular wall being connected with upstream flange (101), including positioned at the first side wall (102) of the left and right sides and position
In lower wall (103) on the first of upper and lower ends；
It is connected and has the shrinkage in width tube wall (104) of shrinkage in width section, and the upper reaches method with first rectangular wall
It is blue (101), first rectangular wall, coaxial with the pipeline of the shrinkage in width section；
It is connected with the shrinkage in width tube wall (104) and with the high shrinkage tube wall (108) of high shrinkage section, it is described
Shrinkage in width section end connects the entrance of the high shrinkage section；And the size and the height of the shrinkage in width section end
The entrance opening dimension of contraction section is identical；
It is arranged at the high shrinkage section end and the second rectangular wall being connected with downstream flange (113), and the downstream flange
(113), second rectangular wall, with the high shrinkage section pipeline it is coaxial；
Second rectangular wall includes the second sidewall (111) and the second upper and lower sides positioned at upper and lower ends positioned at the left and right sides
Wall (112).
5. shock tube according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the shrinkage in width section includes the constant width of sectional dimension
Degree shrinks breeze way and shrinkage in width molded line section (106), and the breeze way is close to the upstream flange (101)；The height
Spending contraction section includes the high shrinkage molded line section (107) close to shrinkage in width molded line section (106), the high shrinkage molded line
The end of section (107) sets the constant high shrinkage breeze way of sectional dimension.
6. shock tube according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the shrinkage in width molded line section (106) is up and down or left
Right symmetrical, described high shrinkage molded line section (107) up and down or left and right is symmetrical.
7. the shock tube according to claim 1~6 any one, it is characterised in that the shrinkage in width section and the height
Degree contraction section is coaxially disposed.
8. the shock tube according to claim 4~6 any one, it is characterised in that the shrinkage in width tube wall (104) with
It is detachably connected between first rectangular wall；It is detachable between the high shrinkage tube wall (108) and second rectangular wall
Connection.
9. shock tube according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the periphery of first rectangular wall sets shrinkage in width section
Cover plate (105), the periphery of second rectangular wall sets high shrinkage section lid plate (109).
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| CN111920543B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-04-26 | 中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心 | Shock tube experimental device for simulating animal chest impact injury |
| CN114509229A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-17 | 南京理工大学 | Shock tube with porous spacer and design method thereof |
| CN117760679A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | Shock wave convergence structure and shock wave tube |
| CN117744282A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-03-22 | 中国科学技术大学 | Molded line determining method for variable cross-section shock tube |
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